高中英语语法训练试题解析6---情态动词和虚拟语气 5页

高中英语语法训练试题解析---情态动词和虚拟语气Ⅰ.单项填空(2012·临沂质量检测)—Youdidn’twaitforElizabethlastnight，didyou?—Yes，butwe__________．Shedidn’tcomeatall.A．don’thaveto　　　　　　B．needn’thaveC．needtoD．shouldhave解析：选B。考查情态动词。句意为：——你昨天晚上没有等到伊丽莎白，是吗？——是的，但是我们本没有必要等。她根本就没来。根据语境可知，此处表示本没有必要做某事，故用needn’thavedone。(2012·青岛市统一检测)—Wewouldappreciateitifyoucouldstayforlunch.—Sorry，I__________．Ihaveanotherappointment.A．won’t　　　　　　　　　B．shan’tC．can’tD．mustn’t解析：选C。考查情态动词用法。根据下文“Ihaveanotherappointment”可知，我不可能留下来吃午饭。can’t意为“不可能”，符合题意。(2012·淄博模拟)You__________readabookinthesun—it’lldoharmtoyoureyes.A．couldn’tB．wouldn’tC．needn’tD．mustn’t解析：选D。考查情态动词用法。句意：你不要在太阳下看书，那样对眼睛不好。couldn’t意为“不能；无法”；wouldn’t表示不会；needn’t意为“不必”；mustn’t表示不允许。(2012·山东省实验中学诊断)DoyouknowHerbie？I’malwaysrunningintohim；he__________livenearby.A．wouldB．needC．mustD．should解析：选C。考查情态动词。句意：你认识Herbie吗？我总是遇见他，他肯定住在附近。表示比较肯定的推测用must。(2012·泰安一轮质量检测)Whenhewasthere，he__________gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.A．mustB．shouldC．wouldD．might解析：选C。考查情态动词。句意：当他还在那儿时，每天下班后都会去街角的咖啡店。根据语境可知此处应用过去将来时，即would正确。(2012·德州模拟)Ahikingtripreallysoundsveryexciting.However，it__________beverytiringandevendangeroussometimes.A．willB．shouldC．mustD．can解析：选D。考查情态动词。句意：远足旅游听起来真是让人兴奋不已。然而，它有时也非常累人甚至很危险。can表示一时的可能性。(2012·济宁模拟)—Tomisveryupset.IwishI__________himthedisappointingnews.—Itoldyounotto，butyouwouldn’tlisten.5 A．didn’ttellB．hadn’ttoldC．haven’ttoldD．wouldn’ttell解析：选B。当wish后面的宾语从句中，表示与过去的事实相反的假设时，谓语动词要用“haddone”的形式。而本题正是表示与过去的事实相反的假设，故选B。(2012·滨州模拟)—Janedidn’tshowuplastnight，didshe?—No.She__________．Wehadchangedourplan.A．shouldn’thavecomeB．didn’tneedtocomeC．needn’thavecomeD．needn’tcome解析：选B。shouldn’thavedone意为“(过去)本不该做某事(实际做了)”needn’thavedone意为“(过去)本不必做某事(实际做了)”。根据语境知我们早改变了计划，因此她没必要来的。故B项正确。needn’tdo中need是情态动词，时态与语境不符。(2012·山东临沂检测)—I________thankyouenoughforwhatyouhavedoneforme.—You’rewelcome.A．maynotB．willnotC．mustnotD．cannot解析：选D。句意：——你为我所做的一切我感激不尽。——别客气。cannot...enough/cannot...too...再……也不为过，固定搭配。(2012·浙江宁波十校联考)Whatapity！IfIhadcaughtthatflight，I________overthePacificOceannow.A．wouldflyB．wouldhaveflownC．wouldbeflyingD．wereflying解析：选C。句意：真遗憾。如果我赶上了那趟航班，我现在正在太平洋上空飞行呢。根据句意可知该句用虚拟语气；根据主句中的now可知，主句用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气；根据句意可知，是对“此刻”情况的推测，所以C项正确。Ⅱ.选词填空can；should；dare；might；shall；will；would；must；can’t；needn’tYou__________notparkyourcarhere.Itisintheway.答案：mustMyfatherwasplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow.He__________behomenow.答案：can’tYouarelateagain.You__________gotoschoolearliernexttime.答案：shouldItwasverydark.Lilydidn’t__________togobyherself.答案：dareI__________prefernottogoouttoday.答案：would—Ihavebeenstandingalltheday.—__________Igetachairforyou?答案：Shall—Areyouabletousethecomputerskillfully?—Yes，sir.I__________．答案：canLily__________gotoAmericanextyear，butIamnotsure.5 答案：mightAsweallknownthatoil__________floatonwater.答案：willYou__________tellhimwhathappenedtoday.Iwilltellhiminperson.答案：needn’tⅢ.单句改错Hefeelsasifheisfloatingonacloud.________________________________________________________________________Thelawsaysthatdriverscan’tdriveafterdrinking.________________________________________________________________________Hewillrecoversoon.Youcan’tworryabouthim.________________________________________________________________________Youcanbetired—you’vebeenworkingforfourhours.________________________________________________________________________Oursuggestionisthatyouarethefirsttogo.________________________________________________________________________Thepoorlittleboycouldneverabletoseeorhearagain.________________________________________________________________________AfewyearsagoImightaffordtobringmywifetothisplacefordinner.________________________________________________________________________Whycanhedoitthatway?________________________________________________________________________IfeltverylonelywhenItraveledinChengdualone.Imusthavetakenmyfamily.________________________________________________________________________Wemaynotthankyoutoomuchforwhatyou’vedoneforus.________________________________________________________________________Youmustn’tdotheexerciseifyoudon’twantto.________________________________________________________________________Hemustn’thavebeentoBeijingbeforebecauseheknowsnothingaboutit.________________________________________________________________________Youcan’treturnthedictionarynow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.________________________________________________________________________Dareyoutotellyourparentsaboutyourschoolrecords?________________________________________________________________________Shetoldhimheoughtnotdoit.________________________________________________________________________解析：asif引导的表语从句表示与现在正在发生的事实相反时，用过去进行时。答案：is改为were解析：can’t表示“不能”，但这里是表示“严禁”酒后驾车，故用语气更强烈的mustn’t。答案：can’t改为mustn’t解析：由句意可知，这里要表达“你没必要担心”。答案：can’t改为needn’t解析：表示肯定的推测用must，can表示推测时，常用于否定句和疑问句。5 答案：can改为must解析：suggestion后的表语从句中要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。答案：are改为be解析：could不能与ableto连用，could相当于was/wereableto。答案：could改为was解析：afford与can，could，beableto连用，表示“能负担得起……”。答案：might改为could解析：must在句中表示强烈的语气，意为“偏偏、偏要”。答案：can改为must解析：根据句意可知应用shouldhavedone，表示本应该做某事却没做，musthavedone表示对过去情况的肯定推测。答案：must改为should解析：cannot...too表示“无论怎样……都不过分”，为固定结构。答案：may改为can解析：mustn’t表示“禁止”，needn’t表示“没有必要”，符合句意。答案：mustn’t改为needn’t解析：表示对过去情况的否定推测，用can’thavedone。答案：mustn’t改为can’t解析：needn’t“不必”，符合句意。答案：can’t改为needn’t解析：此处dare作情态动词用，后面要接动词原形。答案：去掉to解析：oughttodosth.“应该做某事”，否定式为oughtnottodo。答案：not后加to5 5