英语谚语成语分类.docx 10页

英语谚语、成语分类（语法结构）一、简单句六大结构1）主谓结构1.Howtimeflies!时光飞逝。2.Ayear"splanstartswithspring.一年之计在于春。3.Everyminutecounts.分秒必争。4.Abadthingneverdies.坏事传千里。5.Friendsmustpart.好友总有分手时。6.Amancannotspinandreelatthesametime.一心不能二用。7.Amerryheartgoesalltheway.心旷神怡，事事顺利。8.Barkingdogsseldombite.吠犬不咬人。9.Beautyliesinthelove"seyes.情人眼里出西施。10.Agoodmarksmanmaymiss.智者千虑，必有一失。11.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.岁月不待人。2）主谓宾1.Acathasninelives.猫有九条命。2.Everydoghashisday.谁都有得意的时候。3.Constantdrippingwearsawayastone.水滴石穿，绳锯木断。4.Careanddiligencebringluck.谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇。5.AllroadsleadtoRome.条条大路通罗马。6.Nomancandotwothingsatonce.一心不可二用。7.Noonecancallbackyesterday.昨日不会重现。8.Onecannotputbacktheclock.时钟不能倒转。9.Asingleflowerdoesnotmakeaspring.一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。10.Fireandwaterhavenomercy.水火无情。11.Talltreescatchmuchwind.树大招风。12.Thefroginthewellknowsnothingofthegreatocean.坐井观天。3）主谓宾宾补 1.Custommakesallthingseasy.有个好习惯，事事皆不难。2.Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.一天一苹果，不用请医生。3.Manyhandsmakelightwork.众人拾柴火焰高。4.AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。5.Aborrowedcloakdoesnotkeeponewarm.借来的斗篷不暖身。6.Alazysheepthinksitswoolheavy.懒羊嫌毛重7.Afoxmaygrowgrey,butnevergood.狐狸会变，但本性难移。8.Alewillmakeacatspeak.酒后吐真言。9.Praisemakesgoodmenbetterandbadmenworse.好人越夸越好，坏人越夸越糟。4）主谓表（主系表）1.Businessisbusiness.公事公办。2.Agoodmedicinetastesbitter.良药苦口。3.Agoodbeginningishalfdone.良好的开端是成功的一半。4.Nomaniscontent.人心不足蛇吞象。Nomaniswiseatalltimes.聪明一世，糊涂一时。5.Nonewsisgoodnews.没有消息就是好消息。6.Everymother"schildishandsome.孩子是自己的好。7.Afoxmaygrowgrey,butnevergood.狐狸会变，但本性难移。8.Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。9.5）主谓+双宾1.Giveadogabadnameandhanghim.众口铄金，积毁销骨。2.Afoolmaygiveawisemancounsel.愚者千虑，必有一得。3.Agoodwinterbringsagoodsummer.瑞雪兆丰年。6）therebe1.Thereisnosmokewithoutfire.无风不起浪。2.Therearemanyroadstosuccess.有许多办法可以取得成功。（条条大路通罗马）3.There"snoknowingwhatmayhappen.什么事都有可能发生。Anythingcouldhappen. 4.Therearetwosidestoeveryquestion.问题皆有两面。5.Thereisnoplacelikehome.金窝银窝不如咱的狗窝。6.Thereisnoroyalroadtolearning.书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。二、祈使句1.Loveme,lovemydog.爱屋及乌。2.Neversaydie.永不言败。3.Killtwobirdswithonestone.一箭双雕。4.Learntowalkbeforeyourun.先学走，再学跑。5.DoastheRomansdo.入乡随俗。6.Doitnow.机不可失，时不再来。7.Donothingbyhalves.凡事不可半途而废。8.Don"ttroubletroubleuntiltroubletroublesyou.不要自找麻烦。9.Don"ttrytoteachyourgrandmothertosuckeggs.不要班门弄斧。10.Dowellandhavewell.善有善报。11.Hopeforthebest,butpreparefortheworst.抱最好的愿望，做最坏的打算。12.Ready,getset,go!Onyourmark,getset,go!各就各位，预备，跑!13.Takethingsastheycome.既来之，则安之。14.Talkofthedevilandhewillappear.说曹操，曹操就到。15.Turnoveranewleaf.洗心革面，改过自新。三、省略句1.Firstcome,firstserved.先来后到。2.Asnowyear,arichyear.瑞雪兆丰年。3.Asoundmindinasoundbody.健全的精神寓于健康的身体。4.Ayoungidler（懒汉）,anoldbeggar.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。5.Betterlatethannever.不怕慢，单怕站。6.Farfromeye,farfromheart.眼不见，心不烦。7.Afterblackclouds,clearweather.否极泰来。8.Afterdeath,thedoctor.放马后炮。 1.Alazyyouth,alousy（讨厌的，差劲的）age.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。2.Likefather,likeson.父子相似的意思。3.Outofdebt,outofdanger.无债一身轻。Outofoffice,outofdanger.无官一身轻。Outofsight,outofmind.眼不见，心为静。4.Soonlearn,soonforgotten.学得快，忘得快。Soonripe,soonrotten.熟得快，烂得快。四、比较级和最高级1.Oneeyewitnessisbetterthantenhearsays.百闻不如一见。2.Easiersaidthandone.说得容易，做得难。3.Exampleisbetterthanpercept.说一遍，不如做一遍。4.Factspeakslouderthanwords.事实胜于雄辩。5.Falsefriendsareworsethanbitterenemies.明枪易躲，暗箭难防。6.Healthisbetterthanwealth.健康胜过财富。7.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.事实胜于雄辩。8.Afriendiseasierlostthanfound.得朋友难，失朋友易。9.Agoodfameisbetterthanagoodface.美名胜过美貌。10.Agoodwifehealthisaman"sbestwealth.妻贤身体好是男人最大的财富。11.Betterlatethannever.不怕慢，单怕站。12.Bloodisthickerthanwater.血浓于水。13.Agoodneighbourisbetterthanabrotherinthenextvillage.远亲不如近邻。14.Agoodtaleisnonetheworseforbeingtwicetold.好故事百听不厌。15.Alittleisbetterthannone.聊胜于无。16.Amancandonomorethanhecan.凡事只能量力而行。17.Patienceisthebestremedy.忍耐是良药。18.Preventionisbetterthancure.预防胜于治疗。19.Thebestheartsarealwaysthebravest.无私者无畏。20.Thefinestdiamondmustbecut.玉不琢，不成器。 21.Thegrassisgreenerontheotherside.这山望着那山高。22.Thegreatesttalkersarealwaysleastdoers.语言的巨人总是行动的矮子。23.Thehigherup,thegreaterthefall.爬得高，摔得惨。24.Themorenoble（贵族；高尚的）,themorehumble（谦虚的）.人越高尚，越谦虚。25.Themorewit（机智）,thelesscourage.初生牛犊不怕虎。26.Theoutsiderseesthemostofthegame.旁观者清。五、特殊句型1）as…as…1.Amissisasgoodasamile.失之毫厘，差之千里。2.Achangeofworkisasgoodasarest.调换一下工作是很好的休息。3.Alambisasdeartoapoormanasanoxtotherich.穷人的一只羔羊比富人的一头牛还要珍贵。4.Amanisasoldashefeels.老不老，自己晓。5.AsfarasIcanremember,...就我的记忆来说……AsfarasIknow,I…就我所知2）neither…nor…；either…or…;or1.Ahorseisneitherbetternorworseforhistrappings.相马不可凭马的装饰。2.Amanaloneiseitherasaintoradevil.孤身独处的人可以为圣哲，也可为恶魔。3.Respectyourself,ornooneelsewillrespectyou.要人尊敬，必须自重。3）比较级和最高级1.Oneeyewitnessisbetterthantenhearsays.百闻不如一见。2.Easiersaidthandone.说得容易，做得难。3.Exampleisbetterthanpercept.说一遍，不如做一遍。4.Factspeaklouderthanwords.事实胜于雄辩。5.Falsefriendsareworsethanbitterenemies.明枪易躲，暗箭难防。6.Healthisbetterthanwealth.健康胜过财富。7.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.事实胜于雄辩。8.Afriendiseasierlostthanfound.得朋友难，失朋友易。 9.Agoodfameisbetterthanagoodface.美名胜过美貌。10.Agoodwifehealthisaman"sbestwealth.妻贤身体好是男人最大的财富。11.Betterlatethannever.不怕慢，单怕站。12.Bloodisthickerthanwater.血浓于水。13.Agoodneighbourisbetterthanabrotherinthenextvillage.远亲不如近邻。14.Agoodtaleisnonetheworseforbeingtwicetold.好故事百听不厌。15.Alittleisbetterthannone.聊胜于无。16.Amancandonomorethanhecan.凡事只能量力而行。17.Patienceisthebestremedy.忍耐是良药。18.Preventionisbetterthancure.预防胜于治疗。19.Thebestheartsarealwaysthebravest.无私者无畏。20.Thefinestdiamondmustbecut.玉不琢，不成器。21.Thegrassisgreenerontheotherside.这山望着那山高。22.Thegreatesttalkersarealwaysleastdoers.语言的巨人总是行动的矮子。23.Thehigherup,thegreaterthefall.爬得高，摔得惨。24.Themorenoble（贵族；高尚的）,themorehumble（谦虚的）.人越高尚，越谦虚。25.Themorewit,thelesscourage.初生牛犊不怕虎。26.Theoutsiderseesthemostofthegame.旁观者清。4）it做形式主语1.Itiseasiertogetmoneythantokeepit.挣钱容易攒钱难。2.Itiseasytobewiseaftertheevent.事后诸葛亮好当。3.Itisnevertoooldtolearn.活到老，学到老。4.Ittakesthreegenerationstomakeagentleman.十年树木，百年树人。5.Itishardtopleaseall.众口难调。5）不定式1.Eachbirdlovetohearhimselfsing.孤芳自赏。2.Earlytobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthy,wealthyandwise.早睡早起身体好。 1.Toerr（犯错）ishuman.人非圣贤，孰能无过。Toknoweverythingistoknownothing.什么都知道，一如什么都不知道。Toknowoneselfistrueprogress.人贵有自知之明。Tosavetimeistolengthenlife.节约时间就是延长生命。6）neither…nor…；either…or…;or1.Ahorseisneitherbetternorworseforhistrappings.相马不可凭马的装饰。2.Amanaloneiseitherasaintoradevil.孤身独处的人可以为圣哲，也可为恶魔。3.Respectyourself,ornooneelsewillrespectyou.要人尊敬，必须自重。六、被动语态1.Afriendwithoutfaultswillneverbefound.没有十全十美的朋友。2.Agoodbeginningishalfdone.良好的开端是成功的一半。3.Aliarisnotbelievedwhenhespeaksthetruth.说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。4.Experiencemustbebought.吃一堑，长一智。5.Abirdmaybeknownbyitssong.什么鸟唱什么歌。6.Aburdenofone"schoiceisnotfelt.自己选的担子不嫌重。7.Adiseaseknownishalfcured.病情确诊断，治病好一半。8.Afoolandhismoneyaresoonparted.笨蛋难聚财。9.Afriendisneverknowntillamanhasneed.不到患难时，永远不能认识真正的朋友。10.Alittlefireisquicklytrodden（tread，踩踏）out.小洞易补。11.Amanisknownbythecompanyhekeeps.察其友知其人。12.Romeisnotbuiltinaday.罗马不是一日建成的；冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。七、宾语从句1.Don"tputofftilltomorrowwhatshouldbedonetoday.今日事，今日毕。2.Weknownotwhatisgooduntilwehavelostit.好东西，失去了才明白。3.Youneverknowwhatyoucantillyoutry.是驴子是马，拉出来遛遛 八、状语从句1）时间状语从句1.Afriendisneverknowntillamanhasneed.需要之时方知友。2.Creepbeforeyouwalk.循序渐进。3.Aliarisnotbelievedwhenhespeaksthetruth.骗子说真话，也没人相信。4.Allarebravewhentheenemyflies.敌人逃窜时，人人都成了勇士。5.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.凡事总是由难而易。6.Countone"schickensbeforetheyarehatched.蛋未孵先数雏。7.Everythingisgoodwhennew,butfriendswhenold.东西是新的好，朋友是老的亲。8.Afriendisneverknowntillamanhaveneed.不到患难时，永远不能认识真正的朋友。9.Alltimeisnotimewhenitispast.光阴一去不复返。10.Whenitrains,it(always)pours.祸不单行，福无双至。11.Readingistothemindwhileexercisetothebody.读书健脑，运动强身。12.Thinktwicebeforeyoudo.三思而后行。13.Untilallisoverone"sambitionneverdies.不到黄河心不死。14.Whensorrowisasleep,wakeitnot.伤心旧事别重提。15.Whenthefoxpreaches,takecareofyourgeese.黄鼠狼给鸡拜年，没安好心。2）地点状语从句1.Wherethere"sawill,there"saway.有志者事竟成；功夫不负有心人。Wherethereislife,thereishope.留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。Wherethereissmoke,thereisfire.事出有因。2.Faultsarethickwhereloveisthin.一朝情意淡，样样不顺眼。3）条件状语从句1.Ifyourunaftertwohares,youwillcatchneither.脚踏两条船，必定落空。2.Ifyousellthecow,yousellhermilktoo.杀鸡取卵。 3.Ifyouventurenothing,youwillhavenothing.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。4.Ifyouwantknowledge,youmusttoilforit.要想求知，就得吃苦。5.Ifyourearsglow,someoneistalkingofyou.耳朵发烧，有人念叨。6.Weshallneverhavefriendsifweexpecttofindthemwithoutfault.欲求完美无缺的朋友必然成为孤家寡人。4）原因状语从句1.Amanisnotahorsebecausehewasborninastable.人并不因为生在马厩里就成了马。2.Thedevilknowsmanythingsbecauseheisold.老马识途。5）让步状语从句1.Whateveryoudo,dowithallyourmight.不管做什么，都要一心一意。1.八、定语从句1.Manythingsgrowinthegardenthatwereneversownthere.2.有心栽花花不发，无心插柳柳成荫。3.Nothingintheworldisdifficultforonewhosetshismindtoit.3.世上无难事，只怕有心人。4.Nothingisdifficulttothemanwhowilltry.世上无难事，只要肯登攀。5.Hethattalksmuchliesmuch.多嘴的人说谎也多。6.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者天助。7.Happyisthemanwholearnsfromthemisfortunesofothers.8.吸取他人教训，自己才会走运。 2.Heavenneverhelpsthemanwhowillnotact.自己不动，叫天何用。3.Heisafoolthatforgetshimself.愚者忘乎所以。4.Heisagoodfriendthatspeakswellofusbehindourbacks.5.背后说好话，才是真朋友。6.Heisawisemanwhospeakslittle.聪明不是挂在嘴上。7.Heislifelessthatisfaultless.只有死人才不犯错误。8.Heiswisethatishonest.诚实者最明智。9.Heknowsmostwhospeaksleast.大智若愚。10.Helaughsbestwholaughslast.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。11.Hethatclimbshighfallsheavily.爬得越高，摔得越重。12.Hethatwillnotworkshallnoteat.不劳动者不得食。13.Hewhodoesnotadvancelosesground.逆水行舟，不进则退。14.Hewhomakesconstantcomplaintgetslittlecompassion.15.经常诉苦，没人同情。16.Hewhomakesnomistakesmakesnothing.想不犯错误，就一事无成。17.Hewhorisksnothinggainsnothing.收获与风险并存。18.Allthatendswelliswell.结果好，就一切都好。19.Allthatglittersisnotgold.闪光的不一定都是金子。20.Allarenothuntersthatblowthehorn.吹号角的未必都是猎人。21.Allarenotmerrythatdancelightly.表面高兴的，未必都快乐。22.Allarenotsaintsthatgotochurch.去做礼拜者，未必皆圣人。