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专题十连词和状语从句高考感知k1.(2017-浙江高考,58)Pahlssonscreamedloudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.答案:soso...that...意为“如此以至于”,固定搭配。2.(2017•北京高考,22,改编)一Peter,pleasesenduspostcardswe’llknowwhereyouhavevisited.—Noproblem.答案:so根据句意“请给我们寄明信片”可知,后半句应表迖“以便我们知道你游览过的地方”,故用so“以便,为了”。3.(2017•北京高考,25,改编)birdsusetheirfeathersforflight,someoftheirfeathersareforotherpurposes.答案:Although句意:尽管鸟儿用羽毛飞翔,但是它们的一些羽毛还有其他用途。用although引导让步状语从句。4.(2017•江苏高考,23,改编)LocatedtheBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.答案:wherebelocatedin+地点名词,表示“位于”,本句中应用where引导地点状语从句,意为“在地方”。5.(2016•浙江鬲考,5)onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.答案:While句意:尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活,但是不是所有的影响都是积极的。while引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管,虽然”。6.(2015•江苏高考,26)Itissocoldthatyoucan’tgooutsidefullycoveredinthickclothes.
答案:unlessunless“除非;如果不”。本句的从句部分是状语从句的省略,其完整形式为unlessyouarefullycoveredinthickclothes.1.(2015•北京高考,28)Youwon’tfindpapercuttingdifficultlongasyoukeeppracticingit.答案:as/so句意:只要你坚持练习你就不会觉得剪纸很难。as/solongas“只要”,引导条件状语从句。2.(2015-北京高考,32)thedamageisdone,itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandtorecover.答案:once句意:农田一旦被损坏,要花许多年时间才能恢复。once“一旦”,符合句意。3.(2017•全国卷I,短文改错)Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor’sorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindwentblank,Iforgotwhathehadsaidtomealtogether.答案:so—but根据前一分句中的“IthoughtIhadlearned”和后一分句中的“mymindwentblank”可知前后分句之间为转折关系。4.(2017•全国卷III,短文改错)1hadgrownnotonlyphysically,andalsomentallyinthepastfewyears.答案:and—butnotonly...butalso...“不但而且……”,固定搭配。连接单词、短语、从句或句子的词,叫作连词。连词是虚词,不能单独充当句子成分。一、并列连词1.表示“并列”的有and(和),both...and...(和),not
only...butalso...(不仅而且),neither...nor...(既不,也不……)等。(1)在否定句中列举并列成分不用and,而要用or。Hecan"treadorwrite.There"snoairorwaterthere.有吋也可以用andno来表示。There"snoairandnowaterthere.(2)在“祈使句+and+简单句(一般将来时)”结构中祈使句表示条件,相当于if引导的条件句,整个句子可以改为含if的复合句。Nowstopblowingandyou"llfindtheglassclearagain.=Ifyoustopblowing,you’llfindtheglassclearagain.(3)notonly...butalso...连接两个并列成分,可以连接并列主语、并列谓语、并列表语、并列宾语等。ShecanspeaknotonlyEnglishbutalsoFrench.Thepianistnotonlygavethemalotofadvicebutalsoplayedsomewonderfulpiecesforthem.Sheisnotonlyourteacherbutalsoourfriend.(注:如果notonly...butalso…和neither...nor...连接两个主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则,如:Notonlyyoubutalsoheisagoodboy.Notonlyhebutalsoyouareagoodboy.NeitherhenorIhaveseenthefilm.NeitherInorhehasseenthefilm.)1.表示“选择”关系的连词有or(或者),not...but...(不是……而是),otherwise(否则),either•••or•••(或者或者)等。IsitLucyorLily?Itiseithertoocoldortoohothere.
(注:当either...or...连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则,如:EitheryouorAnnisgoingtothecity.EitherAnnoryouaregoingtothecity.)1.表示“转折”或“对比”关系的并列连词有but(但是),yet(而;然而)。yet比but语气强,兼有“转折”和“让步”意义,且可和though/although同时用在同一个主从复合Lj中,but不可以。Ilikewritingtomypenfriend,butittakesalotoftime.Thoughtheboyissmall,yetheknowsalot.2.表示“因果”关系的并列连词有for(因为,由于),补充说明理由;so(因此),表示结果。MrBlackwasill,soshewastakinghisclassinstead.二、从属连词1.when,while,before,after,since等,引导时间状语从句。Whentheteachercamein,Jimwasdrawingahorseontheblackboard.Herunclehaslivedinthatstreetsincehecametothiscity.2.because(因为),as(由于),since(既然)等引导原因状语从句。Shewantedtoseethedoctorbecauseherbackhurt.Imuststopwritingnow,asIhavequitealotofworktodo.Sincealotofpeoplemakemistakesinlife,MrSmithwantedtogiveJohnachance.3.if(如果),as/solongas(只要),once(一旦)等引导条件状语从句。Ifyoudon’tgosoon,you’llbelate.As/Solongasyouunderstand,weshallsaynomoreaboutit.Onceyoustartatask,youmustbearitthrough.4.though,although(虽然,尽管),evenif/though,while等引导让
步状语从句。ThoughIlikespeakingEnglish,Idon’tlikewritingitverymuch.Whileweareneighbours,Idon’tknowthemwell.1.so...that...(如此以至于),sothat,such...that...等引导结果状语从句。WeweresobusytalkingthatIforgottopay.Shespokeatthetopofhervoicesothatthestudentsatthebackheardher.2.inorderthat/sothat(为了)引导0的状语从句。inorderthat/sothat引导的目的状语从句中一般有can,could,may,might等情态动询。Jackworkedhardsothathemightgetagoodjob.Hegetsupearlyinthemorningsothathecancatchtheearlybus.3.as/so•••as…(和一样),than(比)等引导比较状语从句。TomwalksasfastasMike.Iknowyoubetterthanshedoes.4.引导方式状语从句的从属连词主要有as,asif,asthough,like等。Youshoulddoas/likeIdo.Treatyourtimeasifsomeoneispayingforit,someoneis.专项训练LI.单句语法填空1.Makeupyourmind,youwillmissthevaluablechance.答案:or/otherwise由前后分句的语境和逻辑关系可知,后一句表示转折,应填or/otherwise,意为“否则”。2.Iwasfeelinghungry,Imademyselfasandwich.答案:so根据前后分句句意可知,应填表示“因此,所以”的
并列连词so。1.Thereisonlyonemoredaytogoyourfavoritemusicgroupplaylive.答案:before句意:仅有一天你最喜欢的乐队就会现场演奏了。before意为“还有多久就”,符合句意。2.Justasinglewordcanchangethemeaningofasentence,asinglesentencecanchangethemeaningofaparagraph.答案:as句意:正如一个单词可以改变一个句子的意义一样,一个句子也可以改变一个段落的意义。justas“正如,正像”,引导方式状语从句。3.scientistshavelearnedalotabouttheuniverse,thereismuchwestilldon’tknow.答案:Though/Although/While句意:尽管科学家们对宇宙已经了解甚多,但还有许多我们仍不知道的。根据句意可知,空格处应填引导让步状语从句的连词。6-heoncefeltlikegivingup,henowhasthedeterminationtopushfurtherandkeepongoing.答案:Where句意:在他曾经想放弃的地方,他现在决心更近一步并且继续前进。此处应填从属连词,where意为“在的地方”,引导地点状语从句。7.Themeaningoftheword“nice”changedafewtimesitfinallycametoincludethesense“pleasant”.答案:before句意:“nice”这个单词的含义改变了好几次之后才最终包含“pleasant(愉快的)”这层含义。before作连词,意为“……之后才’’。
7.Itwasthemiddleofthenightmyfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.答案:when句意:父亲叫醒我看足球赛时已是夜半时分。when作连词,在本句中意为“……的时候”,用于表示某一具体时刻,引导时间状语从句。8.Eventheforestparkisfaraway,alotoftouristsvisititeveryyear.答案:if/though句意:即使森林公园很远,每年仍有很多游客来参观。根据主从句间的逻辑关系可知从句表让步,evenif=eventhough,意为“即使”。9.wepersistinthispractice,graduallywe’lllearnhowtoexpressourselvesinEnglish.答案:If句意:如果我们坚持这一做法,我们就会逐渐地学会如何用英语表迗我们的思想。根据语境可知从句为一种假设,表条件。10.单句改错1.Itmaybepopular,andyoumayalsogetothersconfused.答案:and—but由“bepopular”和“getothersconfused”可知,前后两分句之间为转折关系,故用连词but。2.Thepeople’slifeherehasbecomeinterestingorcolorful.答案:or—and此处表示“生活有趣且丰富多彩”,interesting与colorful是并列关系,且本句是肯定句,故用连词and。3.Oneday,Iwascookinginthekitchenasthetelephonerang.答案:as-^whenbedoing...when...“正在做,这时”,是固定句式。
1.Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblemafterwecansolveit.答案:after—before根据逻辑关系可知在解决问题“之前”应该先找到问题的根源。2.Itisn’tverycold,butyouneedn’tbringmanyclotheswithyou.答案:but->so天不太冷,“所以”没有必要带很多衣服,应用表“所以,因而”的连词so。III.语法填空Itseemsrecentlythatmoreandmoreofmyfriendsarefacingsomeseeminglyunbeatablechallengesintheirlives.Somehavelosttheirjobs1somehavefailedmarriages.Andtoomanyhavehealthproblems.Idon"tknowwhetheritisdesperationthat_2_(cause)themtoturntomeforadviceorwhethertheyhavecometovalueourfriendship.Butitisdifficulttoofferwordsofhopewhenalltheyfeelis3(hope).Theyexpectanswerstogetthembackontheirfeetagain.Ihaveoftenstruggledwithwhattosay,mostly_4_Ihavefacedmanyofthesamechallengesinmyownlife.IrememberhowemptyIfelt5someonecheerfullyofferedwordslike“Thingswillget6(good)!,’Now,beingthoughtof2asourceofhopeoragoodexampleofwhattodothroughprintedwords,Ihaveevenmorepeople8(contact)me.SowhatdoIsay?“Beginagain.”Itsoundstoosimple,9itisindeedtheanswer.Alllifechallengesbringabout10endingandthechanceforbeginning.1.2.3.4.1.6.7.8.1.10.篇章导读:本文是一篇夹叙央议文。如今,越来越多的人们在生活中面临着似乎不可战胜的挑战。有些人失业,有些人婚姻失败,还
有很多人都存在着健康问题。不管他们出于什么原因来求助于“我”,“我”只是说“一切重新开始”,这简单的语言其实是最真实的答案。1.and考查并列连词。两个句子讲的都是朋友们遇到的问题,是并列关系,故填连词and。2.causes考查时态。whether引导的从句中使用了强调句式itis...that,被强调部分是句子的主语desperation,故填第三人称单数形式causeso3.hopeless考查词性转换。形容词在句子中作表语,表示他们的感受是“无望的”。4.because考查从属连词。空格后的句子解释的是前面主句所说事情发生的原因,故填连词because。5.after考查从属连词。根据语境及逻辑关系判断,本句描述的是别人说完鼓励的话“之后”“我”的感受。6.better考查形容词的比较级。本句暗含未来与目前状况的比较,用比较级better。7.as考查介词。thinkof...as...“认为是”,是固定短语,此处用的是其现在分词的被动式作原因状语。8.contacting考查非谓语动词。people与contact是逻辑上的主谓关系,故填现在分词作后置定语。9.but考查并列连词。句意:这听起来很简单,但的确就是答案。根据前一分句中的“toosimple”和后一分句中的“indeedtheanswer”可知,两个分句间为转折关系,故填连词but。10.an考查不定冠词。句意:生活中的所有挑战总会结束,并且会是重新开始的机会。泛指所有挑战均会“结尾,结束”,ending前用不定冠词。IV.短文改错LastFriday,Iwasstandingnearasubwayexittriedtocallataxi.Butnoluck.ThenIthoughtofthetaxi-bookingappmyfriendhasrecommendedandIbookedataxithroughmycellphone.Soonitcame,
andIsteppedin,feelingprettyproudlyofmyhigh-techwayandsatisfiedwiththeconveniencebroughtbytheapp.Solater,Iwasupsettofindthatthedriverwasbusylookinghiscellphonetogetthenextorder.ItwasjustthenwhenIbegantoworryaboutmysafety.What"sbad,thedriver’sinformationsmightbeunreliable.Howcanwepassengers"legalrightsbeprotectedbeforesomethingbadhappens?Sobecarefulwhenyouusethetaxi-bookingappthenexttime.答案:LastFriday,Iwasstandingnearasubwayexittriedtocallataxi.①tryingButnoluck.ThenIthoughtofthetaxi-bookingappmyfriendhas②hadrecommendedandIbookedataxithroughmycellphone.Soonitcame,andIsteppedin,feelingprettyproudlyofmyhigh-techwayand③proudsatisfiedwiththeconveniencebroughtbytheapp.Solater,Iwas④But/YetupsettofindthatthedriverwasbusylookingAhiscellphonetoget⑤atthenextorder.ItwasjustthenwhenIbegantoworryaboutmysafety.⑥thatWhat’sbad,thedriver’sinformationsmightbeunreliable.Howcan⑦worse⑧informationwepassengers’legalrightsbeprotectedbeforesomethingbadhappens?⑨ifSobecarefulwhenyouusethetaxi-bookingappthenexttime.⑱1.tried—trying考查非谓语动词。现在分词作伴随状语。2.has—had考查动词的时态。根据句意可知“推荐”发生在“想起”之前,用过去完成时。3.proudly—proud考查形容词。系动词feel后服形容词proud作表语,与satisfied并列。4.So-^But/Yet考查连词。此句的upset“不安的;心烦的”与前句的proud“骄傲的”,satisfied“满意的”均构成转折关系。
1.looking后加at考查介词短语。look是不及物动词,需要加上介词at才可接宾语。2.when—that考查强调句式。根据句意“正是在那个时候我才开始担心自己的安全”可知,此处为强调句式:Itwas...that...,被强调部分为时间状语then。3.bad—worse考查形容词的比较级。what’sworse“更糟糕的是”,表示递进关系。4.informations—information考查不可数名词。information“信息”,是不可数名词,没有复数形式。5.before-if考查连词。根据前后语境可知,此处表示假设,应填if,意为“如果”。6.去掉the考查冠词。此处表示泛指“下一次”,应用零冠词。