2019版高考英语语法专题突破全国通用版（全解析）专项训练：专题8定语从句word版含解析 12页

专题八定语从句高考感知k1.（2017•全国卷I，70）Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth，isnotgoodforthehealth.答案：which句意：很可能摄入过多（脂肪和盐），那对健康没有好处。分析句子结构可知，“isnotgoodforthehealth”为非限制性定语从句，补充说明主句内容，关系词在从句中作主语。故填关系代词which。2.（2017.全国卷III，64）ButSarah,hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.答案：who本句中，“hastaken...topmodels”是定语从句，补充说明先行词Sarah，关系词在从句中作主语，故填关系代词who。3.（2017.天津高考，9，改编）Myeldestson,worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.答案：whose“work...theworld”是定语从句，补充说明先行词myeldestson，关系词在从句中作定语，故填whose。4.（2017•浙江高考，64）Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygotsweptintoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden,itremaineduntilthecarrot’sleafytopaccidentallysprouted（生长）throughit.答案：where本句中，“itremained...throughit”是定语从句，补充说明和修饰先行词thegarden,关系词在从句中作状语，表地点，故填关系副词where。5.（2017•北京高考，31，改编）Thelittleproblemswemeet inourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.答案：that/which或省略句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。本句中，“wemeetinourdailylives”是定语从句，修饰先行词thelittleproblems，关系词在从句中作宾语，故填关系代词that/which或省略。1.（2017•江苏高考，28,改编）In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneofpurposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.答案：whose定语从句的先行词是theWorldFoodProgramme，定语从句表示“世界粮食计划署的目的之一是……”，whose在定语从句中作定语，修饰purposes。2.（2016.全国卷I，65）MyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter.答案：when由句子结构可知“Iwasthe...reporter”是定语从句，先行词是表示时间的inthemid-1980s,从句中缺少状语，因此填关系副词when。3.（2016.全国卷III，67）SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,livedfromroughly551to479BC，influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks.答案：who本句中，“livedfrom...479BC”是非限制性定语从句，补充说明和修饰先行词Confucius，关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词who。4.（2016•江苏高考，23）Manyyoungpeople,mostofwerewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.答案：whom根据句子结构可知，mostof引导定语从句，先行词为Manyyoungpeople，关系词作介词of的宾语，故要用whom。5.（2015.江苏高考，21）Thenumberofsmokers,isreported，hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear. 答案：as句意：据报道，吸烟者的数量在仅仅一年内下降了17%。as引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，意为“正如……”，代替整个主句的内容。 一、关系代词和关系副词引导的定语从句在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整个主句的从勾叫定语从句，即作定语的句子。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。这些关系词的意义和功能比较如下：类别引导词句子成分指代例句who主、宾、表人YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.whom宾、表人Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.系W关代whose定所厲关系，意为“……”的1oncelivedinahousewhoseroofwasbroken.which主、宾、表物或整个句子Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.that主、宾、表人或物Thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesbyonemillion.as主、宾、表人、物或整个句子Asisknowntoall，Chinaisadevelopingcountry.关系别词when时间状讲时闾Thetime^henwegottogetherfinallycame.where地点状语地点ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.why原因状访原因Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.二、关系代词that与which,which与as的用法区别当先行词既有人又有物时Thewriterandhisnovelthatyouhavejusttalkedaboutarereallywellknown.先行词前有序数词或形容Thatisoneofthemostinterestingbooksthataresoldinthebook词敁离级修饰时；先行词shop.本身就是序数词或形容词Thefirstthingthatweshoulddoistogetsomefood.的最髙级时Thebest(hatIcoulddowastoapologize.that与which只用that的恬况当先行词是something，anything*nothing，everything.few，all，none，lit-tie，some等不定代词时，或1*1every,any,all,no,sometlittle，few，muchIsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?Weshoulddoallthatisusefultothepeople.Thereseemstobenothingthatisimpossibletohimintheworld.Anymanthathasasenseofdutywon’tdosuchathing.Allthegueststhatwereinvitedtoherweddingwereimportantpco-等修饰吋pie.当主句是以who,which开央的特殊疑问句时WhoisthemanthatisstandinginfrontofIhecrowd?WhichistheroomthatMrWanglivesin?当先行词由thelast,theonly*thejusthousework考查不可数名词。housework是不可数名词，没有复数形式。3.or—and考查并列连词。both...and是固定搭配。4.get->got考查动词的时态。此处描述发生在过去的事情，因此用一般过去时。5.去掉on考查固定短语。goshopping“去购物”，固定短语。6.her->his考查物主代词。爸爸去购物，从句主语是he，因此物主代词形式用his。7.kitchen前加the考查冠词。由句中的“andIcooked”可知，此处暗含特指，因此，kitchen前加定冠词。 4.what^which/that或去掉what考查定语从句。引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，先行词指物，用关系代词that/which，也可省略。5.favoritiest—favorite考查名词。favorite在本句中作名词，意为“特别喜爱的东西”；且favorite作形容词时，无比较级或最高级。6.movingmoved考查形容词。moving多用来修饰事物，moved用来指人的感受，本句中，描述母亲的主观心理感受，应用由过去分词转化来的形容词。