云南临沧市2018高考英语语法填空类阅读练习及答案：侧重代词和数词 9页

云南临沧市2018髙考英语语法填空类阅读练习及答案：侧重代词和数词高考语法填空：侧重代词和数词代词和数词(1)人称代词，、物主代词、反身代词我你他她它我们你们他们Tyouhesheitweyoutheymeyouhimheritusyouthemmyyourhisheritsouryourtheirmineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirsmyselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves主格作主语，宾格作宾语。形容词性物主代词+名词，名词性物主代词单独使用反身代词常用于短语中，如:enjoyoneself,hurtoneself注意：语法填空中三种代词相互转化改错中主语性别和单复数（2）指示代词A.替代词的用法和区别it替代前面提到过的同一个人或者物—Haveyoufoundyourpen?—No,Ihaven’tfoundit.one/onesone用来替代前而出现的单数名词，是泛指概念，相当于a/an+单数名同。其复数形式为onesTthinkthisbookisbetterthantheoneTreadlasttime.Theseshoesarenotgoodenough.Showmesomebetterones.that/thosethat用来替代前面出现的同类的名词，是同类替代，但并非同一个，可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。指代单数可数名词相当于theone。其TheweatherinBeijingismuchcolderthanthatinNanjinginwinter. 复数形式为those，相当于theonesB.It的用法1.it可用于无人称句，表示自然现象、季节、时间、距离、环境等。如：Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.Itwasalreadyteno’clockwhenhearrivedhome.It’stenminutes’walkfromheretoourschool.It’sveryquietatthemoment.2.it可代替不定式、动名词或从句作形式主语或形式宾语。如：Tt’simportantforustolearnasecondlanguage.Wemustmakeitclearthatanyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.3.熟记下列有关it的固定句型makeit；getit；keepitup；seetoitthat；putit（3）疑问代词疑闷代同放在连接同中讲解（4）不定代词A.both,all,either,each,every,neither,none的用法1.both,either,neither用于两者。both意为“两者都”；either意为“两者中的任何一个”；neither意为“两者中的任何一个都不”。如：Boththeboysareclever.两个男孩每个都很聪明。Eitherofthetwoboysisclever.两个男孩都很聪明。Neitherofthetwoboysisclever.两个男孩都不聪明。2.all,none,each,every用于多者。all意为“全部都”，指可数的东西时为复数，指不可数的东西时为单数；none意为“全都不，任何一个都不”，指可数的东西时可为单数或复数，指不可数的东西时为单数；each和every意为“每一个”，为单数，两者都能作定语川，但each还可作主语、宾语和同位语。Allofthestudentsarethere. Everystudentinourschoolworkshard.我们学校的学生都很川功。Eachstudentmayhaveane-dictionary./Eachofthestudentshasane-dictionary./Thestudentseachhaveane-dictionary.每个学生都可有一本电子词典。B.some和any的用法1.表示“一些”时，some常用于肯定句；any常用于否定、疑问或条件句中。如：Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseaskme.2.在疑问句中可用some，表示希望得到对方肯定的冋答。如：Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?3.some可接单数名词表示“某一个”；any可接单数名词表示“任何一个”。如：Trememberhavingreadthisarticleinsomemagazine.Herearethreenovels.Youmayreadany.c.复合不定代词的用法由some，any,no,every加上-body，-one,-thing构成的不定代词，叫复合不定代词。1.some构成的不定代词一般用于肯定句，意为“某人或某物，重要的人或事”。如：Somebodyiswaitingoutside.Ihavesomethingforyou.Shethinksshe’ssomethingsinceshewontheprize.获奖之后，她觉得自己了不起了。2.any构成的不定代词一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中，意为“随便某个人或物，无论什么人或物，什么人或物都可以”。如：Doesanybodyelsewanttogo?Thereisn’tanythinginthebox.Ifanyonewantstogoonthetrip,registerhereplease!有时也用于肯定句中表示“任何人或物”。如：Anybodycanworkoutthatsimplemathsproblem.Youcantakeanythingyoulike.3.no构成的不定代词意为“没什么人或物”。如： 1knownothingaboutit.Thereisnobodyhere-1.every构成的不定代词意力“一切人或物，每个人或物”。everything还可表示“最重要的人或物”。如：Everybodyenjoyedthemselvesonvacation.Shedoeseverythingtohelphermother.Hersoniseverythingtoher.对她來说儿子就是一切。D.theother,other,another,others,theothers的区别theother/othertheother可準独使用，特指两个人或物中的“另一个”；也可修饰名词表示“另外的……”。other不能单独使用，只能修饰名词，表示泛指意义another可单独使川，也可修饰名词，泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”，代替或修饰单数可数名词。另外another后可接“基数词/few+复数名词”形式，表示“另外的……（多少）”others/theothersothers只能单独使用，表示泛指意义，意为“其他的人或事物”，常与some—起出现；特指“其他的全部人或事物”时用theothersHeiswillingtohelpothers/otherpeople.TwentyofthestudentsinourclasshavebeentoBeijing.Theotherstudents/Theothershavenot.Someofuslikefootball,andothersarefondofbasketball.Weneedanotherfivechairs/fivemorechairs.E.none,noone,nobody,nothing的区别none既可指人，也可指物；侧重数呈，通常指三者或三者以上的人或物：后可接of短语；作主语时谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数;常用来回答由howmany/much弓|导的疑问句—Howmuchmoneydoyouhave?—None.no只能指人；是泛指概念，常用来回答由who引导的—Whoisintheroom?one/疑问句；不与of短语连用；作主语时，谓语动词用单数—Nobody./Noone. nobodynothing只能指物，且表泛指概念；常用来回答由what引导的疑问句—Whatareyoudoingnow?—Nothing.（5）基数词和序数词A.基数词和序数词的基本知识1）相互变换One-firsttwo-secondthree-third2）基数词表达确数和概数确数没有s没有of,概数有s有of300threehundred数百个hundredsof3）序数词前冠词的使用序数词前一般有定冠词theB.数词的应用1）日期表达年，月，日，星期，时间骼时：5o’clock不整时：sixpastfifteenfifteentosix注意quarter的含义2）分数表达基数词+序数词（s）基数词+out基数词注意分数时的主谓一致高考语法填空选练题 【2018高考选练】语法填空阅读下面课文缩写材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Christmasisnofunwhenyou’repoor.Twentyyearsago,Iwasayoung，1.struggling(struggle)substituteteacher(4戈课教师)whosecallsintoworkhadbeenfew.Moneywastight，billsweredue2.so/andmywifeandIcouldn’tevenaffordtogetChristmasgiftsforeachother.TheonlygiftswecouldgetforourchildrenwereafewsofttoysthatIhadfound3.sold(sell)athalfpriceinthesupermarket.IopenedthedoorandbroughtinthegiftsI4.had_hidden(hide)inouroldcar"strunk.ThenIhanded5.them/thegiftstomysonanddaughter.Iwatchedwithasadsmileastheydidtheirbesttotearoffthewrapping(包装)paper.Astheypulledouttheirtoys，though，Inoticedtheir6.eyes/faceslitupandtheyjumpedupanddown.Mydaughter7.happily(happy)huggedhertoyandthenhuggedhermomandmeaswell.IlaughedasIwatchedmychildrenplaywiththeirtoys8.forhours，andIthankedGodforthe9.greatest(great)giftIhadeverbeengiven.TilltodayIstilltreasure10.thegiftofpurelovethatmysonanddaughtergavemethatday.语法填空。阅读下列短文，从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D＞中，选出最桂选项。阅读下而材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Everydayhasthepotentialtobeagoodand,insomecases,agreatdayforyou.Fewofusgetupinthemorning1(think)thatwewantthistobeabadday.Yetinmanycasesthedayturnsthatwaybecauseofapersonoranevent2weworryabout.Thinkaboutthosesmalleventswhichcanthrowyouoffbalanceandaffectyourwholeday_3(negative).Whostoleyourday?Was4aboss,anunrulychild,anerraticdriveronthewaytowork,getting5"F"onahistorypaper,6animpolitewaiteratlunchthatdid?Everydaynumerouspeopleoreventscanpreventusfromhavingagoodday,ifweletthem.Thekeyisthatweshouldadoptapositiveattitudetowardslife.Wecannotcontrol7happenstousinmanycases,butwecancontrolhowwereact8theseevents.Lao-tzu,aChinesephilosopher,9(say),"Hewhoconquersothersisstrong;hewhoconquers10ismighty." 【文章大意】每一天既可能会朝着好的方而发展，也可能会朝着坏的方而发展、关键是看我们对生活采取的态度。虽然我们不能控制会发生什么事，但我们W以校制我们对所发生的事情的态度。1.【解析】thinking。考查现在分词。think和逻辑主语fewofus之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。2.【解析】that。考查关系代词。that引导定语从句修饰先行词apersonoranevent,that在从句中作介词about的宾语，先行词中既有人也有事物，不W用which。3.【解析】negatively。考查副词。修饰动词(affect),应川副词。4.【解析】it。考查代词。本句是强调句，句中缺少it。5.【解析】an。考查冠词。F表示的是学业成绩中的F级别，是一个可数名词，此处是泛指"一个F级别"，应用不定冠词；F是以元音音素开头的，应用不定冠词an修饰。6.【解析】or。考查并列连词。animpolitewaiter和"F"onahistorypaper是并列关系,表示的是一种可能性，应川or,意为"或者"。7.【解析】what。考查宾语从句。control后跟的是一个宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用what引导。8.【解析】to。考查介词。reacttosth.对某事做出反应，是固定搭配。9.【解析】said。考查时态。表述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。10.【解析】himself。考查代词。由Hewhoconquersothersisstrong可知,此处指的是"征服自己的人才是强大的"。主语是he,所以反身代词用himself。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。【2016高考训练】Thedaymyhusbandfelltohisdeath,itstartedtosnow,justlikeanyNovemberday.Hisbody,whenIfoundit,waslightlycoveredwithsnow.Itsnowedalmosteverydayforthenextfourmonths,whileIsatonthecouchandwatcheditpileup.Onemorning,Ishuffleddownstairsandwassurprisedtoseeasnowremoverclearingmydrivewayandthebentbackofawomanshoveling（辛产jmywalk.Idroppedtomyknees,crawledthroughthelivingroom.Andbackupstairs sothosegoodpeoplewouldnotseeme.Iwasembarrassed.Myfirstthoughtwas,howwouldIeverrepaythem?Ididn"thavethestrengthtobrushmyhairletaloneshovelsomeone"swalk.BeforeJohn"sdeath,ItookprideinthefactthatIrarelyaskedforhelporfavors,Idefinedmyselfbymycompetenceandindependence.SowhowasIifIwasnolongercapableandbusy?HowcouldIrespectmyselfifallIdidwassitonthecoucheverydayandwatchthesnowfall?Learninghowtoreceivetheloveandsupportthatcamemywaywasn’teasy.FriendscookedformeandIcriedbecauseIcouldn’tevenhelpthemsetthetable."I’mnotusuallythislazy,"Iwept.Finally,myfriendKathysatdownwithmeandsaid,"Mary,cookingforyouisnotaburden.IloveyouandIwanttodoit.Itmakesmefeelgoodtobeabletodosomethingforyou."Overandover,Iheardsimilaremotionsfromthepeoplewhosupportedmeduringthosedarkdays.Oneverywisemantoldme,"Youarenotdoingnothing.Beingfullyopentoyoursorrowmaybethehardestworkyouwilleverdo."IamnotthepersonIoncewas,butinmanywaysIhavechangedforthebetter.Myheartisnowfilledwiththanksforpeoplearoundme.Ihavebeensurprisedtolearnthatthereisincrediblefreedomthatcomesfromfacingone"sworstfearandwalkingawaywhole.Ibelievethereisstrength,forsure,inacceptingadarkperiodofourlife.1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thewriter"sfriendwasunwillingtocookforher.B.Thewriterhadbeenbusywithherlifebefore.C.Thewriterrecoveredfromhersorrowquicklywithhisfriend"shelp.D.Thedayherhusbanddied,itwassnowingheavily.1.Theunderlinedword"shuffled”inParagraph1probablymeans.A.steppedsteadilyB.walkedslowlyC.ranswiftlyD.fellsadly2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.thewriterfoundherhusbandimmediatelyhefellofftheroofB.thewriterbecamestrong-willedimmediatelyafterJohn’sdeathC.thepeoplearoundthewriterwerefriendlyandsupportedherD.beforeJohn"sdeath,thewriterneveraskedothersforhelp3.Thewriterwrotethepassageto.A.sharehersadstorywithusB.expressherguiltyconsciencetothepeoplewhohelpedher A.showherthankstothepeoplewholoveandsupportherB.tellusthechangesshehasmadebecauseofherhusband"sdeath参考答案1—4、BBCC