【最高考】2015高考英语语法精讲精练专题八定语从句常考点 12页

专题八定语从句常考点%解趑策略定语从句是英语语法学习屮的一大难关，也是高考屮的常考点。主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选择；非限制性定语从句（特别是当先行词是整个句子时），由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句等。做有关定语从句题目吋，一定要将先行词还原到从句里，看其在从句部分充当什么成分。关系代词和关系副词的基本用法关系代词指人指物主语宾语定语表语主语宾语定语表语that,whothat,who，whom（可省）whosethatthat，whichthat,which（可省）whosethat关系pdinJ时间地点原因when=介词+whichwhere=介i司+whichwhy=forwhich［注】学习定语从句吋，必须加强对从句句子结构的分析，切记关系代词在定语从句屮作主语、宾语、定语和表语，而关系副词在定语从句中作状语。灰石出再练用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空：①Istillrememberthedaywestudiedtogether.Istillrememberthedaywespenttogether.②Thisisthefactoryheusedtowork.Thisisthefactorywevisitedyesterday.Thisisthefactorymakesthiskindofcar.③Thisisthereasonheexplained.Thisisthereasonhefailedintheexam.④Idon’tknowthewayheusedlasttime.Idon’tknowthewayhesolvedtheproblemlasttime.【答案】①when;that/which/不填②where;that/which/不填；that/which③that/which/不填；why④that/which/不填；that/inwhich/不填介词+关系代词介词后W能用which指物，whom指人，不可川that。介词的选川可根据从句中相关词组确定，也可结合句意根据先行词确定。该介词也可放在从句之尾。泉石出再练用适当的“介词+关系代词”填空: ①Heisthepersonweshouldlearn.②Thebagheputhisbooksislost.③Themansheistalkingisadoctor.④Thetrainhewastravellingwaslate.【答案】①fromwhom关系代词as的用法②in/intowhich③to/aboutwhom④onwhich用于限制性定语从句中：当先行词被so，as，such,thesame所修饰时，关系代词川as指人或物，而不用which。用于非限制性定语从句屮：非限制性定语从句，特别是先行词是整个主句时，由which和as引导的非限制性定语从句，是高考命题的热点。［注］as引导的非限制性定语从句与which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别：as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句前、插在主句巾间或放在主句末尾，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句后面；as引导的从句有“正如”之意，而which则没此意。灰础再练用适当的关系词填空：①ThisissuchaheavybagIcan’tcarry.ThisissuchaheavybagIcan’tcarryit.②ThisisthesameplaceIvisitedthreeyearsago.ThisisthesameplaceIworkedthreeyearsago.③Hefailedintheexam,madehisfatherveryangry.Hefailedintheexam,Ihadexpected.④Alotoflanguagelearning,hasbeendiscovered，ishappeninginthefirstyearoflife，soparentsshouldtalkmuchtotheirchildrenduringthatperiod. 【答案】①as;that②as;where③which;as④as4并列句和非限制性定语从句的判断 并列句是由两个简单句组成的，句子中间必须要有并列连词；而定语从句是由主句和从句构成的。基石出再练完成下列句子：①Hehastwobrothers，andbothofareworkers.Hehastwobrothers，bothofareworkers.②Chinahashundredsofislands,thelargestofisTaiwan.Chinahashundredsofislands，andthelargestofisTaiwan.③Hemaynotcome，incasewewillnotwaitforhim.Hemaynotcomeandincasewewillnotwaitforhim.【答案】①them;whom②which;them③which;that5先行词模糊化表地点的先行词模糊化在句中作状语时用关系副词where,相当于inwhich；在句中作主语和宾语仍用关系代调。常见的词有：point，situation，position，profession，job，case，system，scene，activity，society，culture，strategy,model,accident,economy,crime等；常见的表时间的词有：period,occasion,stage，interval,stay等。L基对再！用适当的关系词填空：①Thisisonepointwemustinsiston.IhavereachedapointinmylifeIamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.②OccasionsarequiterareIhavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.【答案】①that/which/不填；where②when6定语从句中的数要保持一致 关系代词指代的是先行词，因此定语从句中的谓语在数上应与先行词保持一致。基石出再练完成下列句子：①Thosewho(break)thelawshouldbepunished.=Anyonewho(break)thelawshouldbepunished-=Whoever(break)thelawshouldbepunished.②Heisoneofthestudentswhopraisedatyesterday"smeeting.Heistheoneofthestudentswhopraisedatyesterday’smeeting.【答案】①break;breaks；breaks②were;was定语从句屮含有插入语定语从句和先行词之间常常会有Ithink，youknow,Ibelieve,Ithought等插入语。做此哭题目时，我们要先去除插入语，再选择正确的关系词。L基对再练少完成下列句子：youknowIoncestudied.Ithoughtwashonest.Ithoughttobehonest.(我认为)isveryimportant.①Thisistheschool②Ipickedupaman=1pickedupaman③Hemadeadiscovery，【答案】①where②who;that/who/whom/小填③whichIthink只能用that或which的情况只用that的场合：①当先行词既指人又指物时 ①当先行词是不定代词anything,nothing，everything，all，some,little，few，much，none或被不定代词修饰时。②当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词所修饰时。③当先行词被theonly和thevery所修饰时。④当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。⑤当要避免与疑问词which重复吋。只用which的场合：①“介词+which”，指物。②非限制性定语从句屮。③防止重S。④指人的性质身份吋，而不是指人吋。基石出再练用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空：①Hetoldusallhadhappened.②ThisisthemostinterestingfilmIhaveeverseen.③Thisisthefirstplacewevisitedyesterday.Thisisthefirstplaceweworked.④Thisistheonlyplantgrowsinthearea.Theearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanetlifehasdevelopedgradually.⑤Theglasseswithouthecouldn’tseeclearlywerelost.⑥Isaidnothing，madehimangry.【答案】①that②that/小填③that/小填；where④that;where⑤which⑥which关系代词whose的用法在高考中，关系代词whose的考点频繁出现。在定语从句中，作定语的关系代词用whose，在表示某物吋，相当于the+n.+ofwhich或ofwhich+the+n.Q基石出再练用适当的关系词填空：①Doyouknowthemanincarshecamehere?©Themanpulledoutagoldwatch，handsweremadeofsmalldiamonds.=Themanpulledoutagoldwatch，thehandsofweremadeofsmalldiamonds.=Themanpulledoutagoldwatch，ofthehandsweremadeofsmalldiamonds. 【答案】①whose②whose;which；which找准先行词11一般说来，定语从句是跟在它所修饰的先行词之后，但有吋也会出现先行词和定语从句被-个词或一个短语所分隔，或者谓语太短等情况，这时我们要根据定语从句的句意判断哪一个词是先行词。基石出再练用适当的关系词填空：①I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschoolImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.②She’llneverforgetherstaythereshefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.③Thedaysaregoneweusedtheforeignoil.【答案】①whom/who②when③when“theone+that/which/where”和that，which,where的区别完成下列句子： ①Isthisthemuseumyouvisitedlastyear?Isthismuseumyouvisitedlastyear?②Isthismuseumyouworkedlastyear?Isthisthemuseumyouworkedlastyear? 12【答案】①that/which/不填；theonethat/which或theone②theonewhere/where；where/inwhichfromwhere和sincewhen结构的区别完成下列句子：①Theystoodatthewindow,fromtheycouldseewhatwashappeninginthestreet.②Thebookwaswrittenin1946，sincetheeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatchanges.【答案】①where②when经典尋•引中1.（2014."江迅:卷）Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatworkagoodimpressionisamust.A.whichB.whenC.asD.where2.（2014•江丙卷）Amongthemanydangerssailorshavetoface，probablythegreatestofallisfog.A.whichB.whatC.whereD.when3.（2014-陝西卷）Pleasesendusalltheinformationyouhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what4.（2014•重庆卷）We’llreachthesalestargetsinamonthwesetatthebeginningoftheyear.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.what5.（2014-安徽卷）TheexactyearAngolaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.A.whenB.whereC.whyD.which6.（2013•"江弟、卷）ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksayshehasapassionforChina，heremembersstartingasearlyashischildhood.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when7.（2013•浙江卷）Themuseumwillopeninthespringwithanexhibitionandaviewingplatformvisitorscanwatchthebigglasshousesbeingbuilt.A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why8.（2013•安徽卷）MoYanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein2012，madeoneoftheChinesepeople’slong-helddreamscometrue.A.itB.thatC.whatD.which9.（2013-P夹西卷）isoftenthecasewithchildren,Amywasbetterbythetimethedoctorarrived.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As 1.（2012."｝丁•苏卷）Aftertheflooding，peopleweresufferinginthatarea，urgentlyneededcleanwater，medicineandsheltertosurvive. A.whichB.whoC.whereD.what【答案】l.D2.A3.A4.A5.D6.B7.B8.D9.D10.B巩固提升D.thatIspoke_helpIwouldn’tbesoexcellent.1.DoyouknowthemanA.whomIspokeB.towhoIspokeC.Ispoketo2.1amverygratefultomyhighschoolteachers,without_A.whomB.themC.whichD.whose3.—WheredidyoumeethimwhileinBeijing?—ItwasinthehotelIstayed.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where4.Thesettlementishometonearly1，000people,manyofleavingtheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.A.whomB.whichC.themD.those5.ThetimeisnotfarawaymoderncommunicationswillbecomewidespreadinChina’svastcountryside.A.asB.whenC.untilD.before6.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersonstheyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what7.Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,shewantedtobe.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which8.I’mtoldthatlanguagepractising.comisafreewebsitelearnerscannotjustlearnvariouslanguagesbutalsochatonline.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what9.Thewayhelooksatproblemsiswrong.A.whichB.whoseC.whatD./10.Byservingothers,apersonfocusesonsomeoneotherthanhimselforherself,—openingandrewarding.canbeveryeyeA.whoB.thatC.whichD.what1.Myneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,wasverykindofthem.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.it2.He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituationheislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why3.Youngpeoplewhohavegotjobsmayrealizeuniversitylessonscan’tbetheonlypreparationforallofthesituationsappearintheworkingworld.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what4.ThemanagerhadtogotoBeijingonbusinessonJune23,happenedtobehisonlyson"sbirthday.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.what5.ThepictureoftenremindsmeofthehappyhourstimeandagainIwasplayinghappilywithmyfriendsduringtheholidays.A.howB.thatC.whenD.where6.Nowadaysteenagersliketogotofastfoodrestaurants,servejunkfood.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.where7.Tsthisresearchcentreyouvisitedthemodernequipmentlastyear?A.whichB.thatC.theonewhereD.theonethat 1.Sheissuchagoodteacherweallloveandrespect.A.thatB.asC.soD.who2.Thevolunteerspaidavisittoalltheseniorcitizensinthecommunity，mostofareagedfrom70toover90yearsold.A.whomB.thoseC.themD.which3.Lastweek，wewatchedBeijingOpera，stylewasunfamiliartomostofus.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.whose4.Theschoolshop,customersaremainlystudents，isclosedfortheholidays.A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where5.Mypenfriendsentmeane—mailyesterdayhedescribedhowhespenthissummerholiday.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.which6.LasttermourEnglishteachersetsodifficultanexaminationproblemnoneofusworkedout.A.asB.thatC.whichD.whose24.Thatevening，Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when25.TherewasatimeinmvlifeIhatedtogotoschoolbecauseIdidn’tgetonwellwithmyclassmates.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.which26.You’llfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstationyoucanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.as27.Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator，itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.while28.Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareersheneededtodecidewhattodo.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where29.Womendrinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthosedon’t.A.who;/B./;whoC.who;whoD./;/30.Lastmonth,partofSouthernAsiawasstruckbyfloods，fromeffectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.what【答案】l.C2.D3.D4.C5.B6.B7.D8.A9.D10.C11.B12.A13.C14.C15.C16.A17.C18.B19.A20.D21.B22.B23.A24.B25.B26.A27.C28.D29.C30.B