2019高考英语语法填空＋短文改错组合练 精编优选练（十一） ---精校解析Word版 5页

精编优选练(十一)　“语法填空＋短文改错”组合练11(限时：30分钟)[题组一]Ⅰ.语法填空HarvardisolderthantheUnitedStates.Intheearly1630ssomesettlerssuggestedthatauniversity1.____________(found)justtoimprovethequalityoftheirdescendantssothattheycould2.____________(well)buildthenewhome.Thus,itwasestablishedin1636byvoteoftheGreatandGeneralCourtoftheMassachusettsBayColony.Likemanyother3.____________(university)atthattime,theHarvardattheearlystageoftenranintofinancialcrisis.TheschoolboardoftenhadtogotoEuropetoraise4.____________(donate),butasyoucanpredict,theyoftencameback5.____________theirhandsempty.In1638,JohnHarvard,pastorofCharlestown,passedaway.Helefthislibraryandhalfhisestatetotheinstitution,6.____________werethebiggestdonationeversinceitsestablishment.Therefore,theuniversitywasnamedafterhisname.Today,youcanfindastatueofJohnHarvard7.____________(stand)infrontoftheUniversityHallinHarvardYard,anditisperhapstheUniversity"sbest8.____________(know)landmark.Likeotherworldfamousuniversities,HarvardalsohasmanycollegesandHarvardBusinessSchoolisoneofthem.Thereis9.____________sayingineducationthatHarvardisthecrownofAmericaneducation10.____________HarvardBusinessSchoolistheshiningdiamondonit.[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。哈佛大学历史悠久，是当时的殖民者为了提高他们后代的文化素质而建立的。文章介绍了哈佛大学创建初期遇到的困难、名称的来历及其地位。1．解析：考查被动语态和虚拟语气。主语auniversity和动词found之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态；suggest表示“建议”时，后接从句，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形。答案：befounded　2．解析：考查副词的比较级。十七世纪三十年代早期，一些殖民者建议建立一所大学以提高他们后代的素质，这样他们就能更好地建造新的家园。根据语境可知，空处表示“更好地”，故用副词比较级。答案：better　3．解析：考查名词的复数形式。和当时的其他许多大学一样，早期的哈佛大学经常遭遇金融危机。university为可数名词，该处表示“其他许多大学”，故该处用复数形式。答案：universities　 4．解析：考查名词。学校董事会经常不得不去欧洲筹集捐款，但正如你所能预测的，他们经常空手而归。根据该句中的及物动词raise可知，空处作该及物动词的宾语，故用名词形式。答案：donation(s)　5．解析：考查介词。with表示“具有，带有”，符合语境。答案：with　6．解析：考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，句中hislibraryandhalfhisestate为先行词，故用which引导该定语从句。答案：which　7．解析：考查现在分词。今天，你可以在哈佛校园的大学礼堂前找到一尊站立着的JohnHarvard的雕像，这也许是这所大学最著名的地标。astatueofJohnHarvard和动词stand之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。答案：standing　8．解析：考查形容词。根据空处后的名词“landmark”可知，空处修饰该名词，表示“知名的，著名的”，故用形容词known。答案：known　9．解析：考查不定冠词。该处泛指“一句格言”，且saying的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。答案：a　10．解析：考查连词。在教育界有一句名言：哈佛是美国教育的王冠，哈佛商学院是它的闪亮之星。空前的“HarvardisthecrownofAmericaneducation”和空后的“HarvardBusinessSchoolistheshiningdiamondonit”为并列关系，故用连词and。答案：and　Ⅱ.短文改错DearMom，I"mnowintheUnitedStates,acountrysodifferentlyfromChina.Everythingisfreshbutinteresting!Ihavemadesomefriendsthereandtheyareverykind.Still,youknowhowmuchImissyouandyourcooking.Themerethoughtofthedishesyoupreparemakesmymouthtowater.Myfriendshadsomestrangewaysofdescribingtheirhungry.Forinstance，“Icaneatahorse！”It"salittleconfused,hmm?I"malsosendingyouafewrecordofourdailyconversations,fromthatyoucanhearrealAmericanEnglish.ItmaybeusefultoyouasEnglishteacher.答案：DearMom，I"mnowintheUnitedStates,acountrysofromChina.Everythingisfresh interesting!Ihavemadesomefriendsandtheyareverykind.Still,youknowhowmuchImissyouandyourcooking.Themerethoughtofthedishesyoupreparemakesmymouthwater.Myfriendssomestrangewaysofdescribingtheir.Forinstance，“Icaneatahorse！”It"salittle，hmm?I"malsosendingyouafewofourdailyconversations,fromyoucanhearrealAmericanEnglish.ItmaybeusefultoyouasEnglishteacher.[题组二]Ⅰ.语法填空Chinahasalwaysbeenfamousforbeinga“StateofEtiquette(礼仪)”.Accordingtohistoricaldocuments,asearlyas2,600yearsago,thisnationhasalreadyestablishedathoroughset1.____________diningetiquette.Afamous19thcenturyRussianwriter,AntonChekhov,onceinvitedaChineseman2.____________(have)adrinkinabar.Chekhovsaid，“Beforedrinkingfromhiscup,heheld3.____________withhishandsandpresentedtomeandthebarownerandbartenders,4.____________(say)‘qing(please)’.ThisisthecustomofChina.Theyarenotlikeustofinishitinonedrink,5.____________prefertodrinkbytakingasmallamountatatime.Witheverysip(一小口),he6.____________(eat)somefood.AfterwardshehandedmesomeChinese7.____________(coin)toshowgratitude.Thisisaratherinterestinglypolitenationality...”ThiswasthemostvaluableopinionofaChineseperson8.____________wasgivenbyaforeignertwocenturiesago.Chinesetraditionaldinnerproceduresusedtobelonganddealt9.____________(serious)with;the10.____________(important)theoccasion,themorecomplextheprocedureswere.[语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述一位俄罗斯作家邀请一个中国人在酒吧喝酒的经过，描述了中国人的就餐礼仪。1．解析：考查固定搭配。根据历史文献记载，早在2600年前，这个国家就已经建立了一套完整的就餐礼仪。asetof为固定搭配，意为“一套，一系列”。答案：of　2．解析：考查动词不定式。19世纪时一位名叫AntonChekhov的俄罗斯作家邀请一个中国人去酒吧喝酒。invitesb.todosth.是固定搭配，意为“邀请某人做某事”，故用动词不定式tohave。答案：tohave　3．解析：考查代词。根据该句中的“Beforedrinkingfromhiscup，heheld____3____with hishands”可知，空处指代该句中的“cup”，故用it。在喝酒之前，他手举着杯子，向“我”和酒吧老板及酒吧服务员说“请”。答案：it　4．解析：考查现在分词。该句主语为he，和动词say之间为逻辑上的主谓关系；空处和谓语动词held和presented之间为伴随关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。答案：saying　5．解析：考查连词。空前表示他们不像我们那样一口喝下，空后表示他们更喜欢一次喝一小口；根据上下文可知，空处前后为转折关系，故用转折连词but。答案：but　6．解析：考查动词的时态。根据该段第一句中的“Afamous19thcenturyRussianwriter,AntonChekhov,onceinvitedaChineseman”可知，该处叙述的是19世纪发生的事情，故用一般过去时。答案：ate　7．解析：考查名词的复数形式。coin为可数名词，根据该句中的“some”可知，空处用其复数形式。此处表示此后，他递给“我”一些中国硬币以表示感激。答案：coins　8．解析：考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，句中的opinionofaChineseperson为先行词，该先行词被最高级themostvaluable修饰，且在从句中作主语，故用that引导该定语从句。答案：that　9．解析：考查副词。根据空处前的动词dealt可知，空处修饰该动词，故用副词形式。答案：seriously　10．解析：考查形容词的比较级。此处表示场合越重要，则礼仪就越复杂。该句使用了“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”，表示“越……，越……”。答案：moreimportant　Ⅱ.短文改错Anopeningweekheldinourschoollastweeksothatwecouldshowagreatachievementswemadeinarteducation.TheartworksexhibitionwentonfromMondaytoFriday，exhibittheexcellentartworks,suchaspapercuts,paintingsandflowerarrangements.Bothoftheartworkswerecreatedbythestudentsofourschool.ThatattractedthepublicmostwasthesinginganddancingperformancesinFridayafternoon.Alltheseactivitiesdrawthecloseattentionofthepublicandparentsaswell,receivinghighpraisesfromthepublic.Throughtheseactivity,thepublichasabetterunderstandingofourschool.Asaresultof,weallthinkthattheopeningweekwasofgreatsuccessful. 答案：Anopeningweekheldinourschoollastweeksothatwecouldshowgreatachievementswemadeinarteducation.TheartworksexhibitionwentonfromMondaytoFriday，theexcellentartworks,suchaspapercuts,paintingsandflowerarrangements.oftheartworkswerecreatedbythestudentsofourschool.attractedthepublicmostwasthesinginganddancingperformancesFridayafternoon.Alltheseactivitiesthecloseattentionofthepublicandparentsaswell,receivinghighpraisesfromthepublic.Throughthese，thepublichasabetterunderstandingourschool.Asaresultof,weallthinkthattheopeningweekwasofgreat.