中考英语语法专题形容词副词 7页

形容词副词的比较等级课题：形容词副词的比较等级重点：形容词副词的比较级和最高级难点：倍数的表达一、以练习导课【热身练习】【2012湖北襄阳】27.—Yourroomisverydirty.Youshouldkeepit_____.—OK.I’llsweepitrightaway.A.cleanB.dryC.quietD.warm【2012山东聊城】33.TheInternetisreally_________tous.Wecandownloadalotofthingsfromit,A.UsefulB.difficultC.differentD.safe【2012浙江丽水】23—whyareyoudrivingso____.Tony?I"mfeelingsick.—Sorry,butthetrainisleavingin20minutes.Wehavetohurry.A.oftenB.fastC.hardD.slowly【2012山东日照】30.Idon’tthinkfastfoodisgoodforourhealth,soI_______gotoMacDonald.A.seldomB.alwaysC.usuallyD.often【2012山东·东营市】24.Nomatterwhathappens,thefactthatHuangyanIslandbelongstoChinawillchange.A.everB.neverC.stillD.hardly【2012湖北省荆州市】22.—Howoftendoyouexercise?—ever.BecauseIamverybusywithmywork.A.HardlyB.NearlyC.AlwaysD.Almost[来【2012重庆市】31.Helenwassoexcitedatthenewsthatshecouldsayaword.A.everB.almostC.hardlyD.always【2012重庆市】28.TheflowersmellsandIlikeitverymuch.[中国教育出&版*^#@网]A.wellB.goodC.badD.badly【2012浙江嘉兴】24.Thefirelastnightdestroyedmanybuildings.,noonewaskilled.A.ActuallyB.SimplyC.LuckilyD.Immediately【2012年广东省】30.---didyougotothecinematosee3DTitanniclastnight?----No,I________gotothecinema.TheticketsaretooexpensiveA.hardly      B.nearly       C.still     D.only【2012山东济南】40.—Sonia,doyouthinkyouaredifferentfromLinda?—Yes.I"m______atdrawingthanher.A.betterB.goodC.wellD.best 【总结】形容词副词的用法形容词的用法：1、形容词修饰名词，作定语2、形容词跟在系动词或连系动词后面作表语3、形容词+不定式，作后置定语副词的用法：1、副词修饰实义动词、形容词和其他副词2、表示时间、程度的副词可修饰整个句子3、时间、地点、方式等连接副词（即Wh-和How类的特殊疑问词）引导从句或后跟不定式【注意】从形容词到副词的变化此类副词修饰实义动词。1、一般情况下，给形容词后+ly2、以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词变y为i，再+ly二、形容词和副词比较等级（一）形容词副词的比较级和最高级的构成1．单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成规则构成方式原级比较级最高级一般情况加-er或-estnewlongnewerlongernewestlongest以e结尾的词加-r或-stfinelatefinerlaterfinestlatest以“辅音+y”结尾的词变y为i再加-er或-estearlyhappyearlierhappierearliesthappiest重读闭音节的词末尾只有一个辅音字母先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-esthotthinfathotterthinnerfatterhottestthinnestfattest2．多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或most。如： 原级   比较级        最高级   useful                 moreuseful              themostuseful    difficult               moredifficult          themostdifficult    delicious              moredelicious         the  mostdelicioushappilymorehappilythemosthappilycarefullymorecarefullythemostcarefully3．不规则变化     原级                   比较级                    最高级good/well              better                      thebestbad/badly             worse                      theworstmany/much              more                      themostlittle               less                       theleastfar                   farther /further        thefarthest/furthes（二）比较级 1．比较级可以单独使用：  Bemorecarefulnexttime. 下次小心点。2．比较级+than，表示两者相比，than后可以跟：a. 名词或代词：Heisolderthanme/I.他年龄比我大。b. 动名词：Skiingismoreexcitingthanskating.滑雪比滑冰更刺激。c. 从句：Iwasabettersingerthanhewas.我唱歌比他好。（三） 比较级的修饰词1.常修饰比较级的词：rather，much，still，even，far，alot，alittle，abit等2．比较级前表数量：Mysisteristenyearsyoungerthanme. 我妹妹比我小十岁。3．the+比较级，the+比较级：　表示越…越...；比较级+and+比较级：表示越来越...　   Theharderyouwork，thegreaterprogressyou"llmake.越努力，进步越大。1)nomorethan至多、不超过、不比...更。如：TheofficialscouldseenomorethantheEmperor.2）more...than...意为：与其.....不如.....；morethan意为：不仅仅...，不止...Sheismoreshythanunfriendly，Ithink.　　Therearemorethantwothousandpeopleinthehall.3)lessthan 不到…不太：Itwasreadyinlessthanaweek. 4)nolessthan多达 、不少于、和...一样：Nolessthan2millionpeoplecame. 5)moreorless基本上 大体上 大约或多或少  Theworkismoreorlessfinished.这项工作基本上完成了。 4．as+形容词或副词原级+as：和.....一样1)not…so/as…as：与....不一样如Hecannotrunso/asfastasyou.对比：thesame...as...与....相同;bedifferentfrom...与.....不同2)当as…as中间有名词时采用以下格式：①as+形容词+a+单数名词/；Thisisasgoodanexampleastheotheris.②as+many/much+名词。例如：Icancarryasmuchpaperasyoucan.3）as+形容词+as+数量词=数量词+形容词Sheisastallas1.6metres.=Sheis1.6meterstall.Yourroomisthesamesizeasmine.　你的房间和我的一样大。4)倍数的表达①....once/twice/基数词+times+as+形容词/副词原级+as...如：Thisroomistwiceasbigasthatone.这房间的面积是那间的两倍。②...once/twice/基数词+times+形容词/副词比较级+than...【固定搭配】aslongas只要，有....之久；asfaras到....地点，就....而言；assoonas一....就；aswellas既...又；asgoodas（=verynearly）几乎，简直，与....简直一样【练习】--Howfarapartdotheylive?---____Iknow,theyliveinthesameneighborhood.A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.AswellasD.Asoftenas Themanwaslyingontheground,___dead.A.aspossibleasB.aswellasC.assoonasD.asgoodas5.The+比较级+ofthetwo+名词表示两个中较.....的如：Thetallerofthetwoboysismybrother.用介词by表示相差的程度如;Imissedthelasttrainbyoneminute.我差一分钟就赶上了最后一班火车。【中考在线】【2010河北省卷】34.Sometimeswalkingiseven________thandrivingduringthebusytraffictime.A.fastB.fasterC.slowD.slower【2010福建•晋江】39.--Thecakeistooexpensive.Wouldyouliketoshowmea_______one?--Sure.Hereyouare.A.cheapB.cheaperC.cheapest【2010湖北·咸宁】26.—Healthismoney.—ButIthinkitismoney.A.asimportantasB.moreimportantthanC.soimportantthanD.thesameas【2011重庆江津】25.Ithinkthesecardsarethanthosecards.A.niceB.nicerC.nicestD.thenicest【2011四川乐山】28.–Susan,youknowwhat?Wecanhaveadog!–Great!ButIprefertohaveacat.Itismuch_______tolookafter.A.easyB.easierC.easiest【2011山东泰安】29.—Whichdoyoulike,summerorwinter?—Iprefersummer.A.goodB.wellC.betterD.best【2011广东】30.—Steveisgoodatwritingshortstories.—Soheis.Buthewrites_______thanus.Sohecan’tgetgoodgradesinwriting.A.mostcarefullyB.morecarefullyC.lesscarefullyD.leastcarefully【2012.安徽省】32.Welostthematchbecausetheyhad______players.theyhadelevenandwehadonlynine.A.strongerB.youngerC.fewerD.more【2012北京】28.Iworkhardthisterm,butPeterworksmuch____.A.hardB.harderC.hardestD.thehardest【2012贵州安顺】22.Hisgrandparentslive____inasmallhouse,buttheydon’tfeel_____．A．lonely;aloneB．alone;lonelyC．lonely;lonelyD．alone;alone【2012贵州铜仁】34.TheweatherinGuiyanginsummeris______thanthatinTongren.They’redifferent.A.coolB.muchcoolerC.hotD.muchhotter【2012黑龙江齐齐哈尔】34._____exerciseyoutake,_____you’llbe.A.Thefewer,thefatterB.Theless,thefatterC.Theless,themorefatter 【2011湖北恩施】23.Farmershavebecome______inourhometowninrecentyears.A.moreandmorerichB.richerandricherC.morerichandmorerich（四）最高级11．the+最高级+in/of的比较范围1）最高级前通常必须用定冠词the，例如：TheSaharaisthebiggestdesertintheworld.撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠注意：形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。例如：Itisamostimportantproblem.=Itisaveryimportantproblem.这是个很重要的问题2）最高级的修饰语常见的词有：序数词，byfar,nearly，almost，bynomeans，notreally，notquite，nothinglike等如：Thishatisnearly/almostthebiggest.这帽子差不多是最大的了。3）否定+比较级=最高级如：Thereisnogreaterlovethanthatofamanwholaysdownhislifeforfriends.为朋友而放弃生命的爱是最伟大的爱。◎注意：序数词通常只修饰最高级。例如：　　　　Africaisthesecondlargestcontinent.非洲是第二大洲。4）最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。例如：　　 Mikeisthemostintelligentinhisclass.或者：　　 Mikeismoreintelligentthananyotherstudentsinhisclass.2.形容词最高级可用作表语，这时定冠词the可以省略。  例句：Ithinkherplanisbest.我认为她的计划最好。  3.形容词最高级还可和at构成许多短语作状语，如atbest,atleast,atmost等。    例句：I’llbewithyouatlatestbyten. 我最迟十点钟就来陪你。enough的用法：即可做形容词，又可做副词用1.做形容词时，修饰名词enoughfood2.做副词时，修饰形容词和其他副词，且后置。Braveenough足够勇敢strangelyenough很奇怪...3.Enoughtodosth足够做某事4.cannot...enough/cannot（never等否定词）...too表示再....也不为过例：Treesaregoodforhumanbeing，sowecan’tplantthem___many.A.soB.suchC.tooD.enoughInarelayrace,aplayercan’trunfast__A.soB.tooC.muchD.enough【中考在线】【2012天津】36.Wholistens_________,Tom,JackorBill?[来@^&源*:#中教网]A.themostcarefullyB.morecarefullyC.themostcarefulD.morecareful【2012江苏连云港】5.—HaveyouboughtforLinda’sbirthday? —Notexactly.Justsomeflowers.A.somethingunusualB.anythingunusualC.unusualsomethingD.unusualanything【2012重庆市】39.－Whatdoyouthinkofthefilmyousawyesterday?－Oh!It’soneoffilmsI’veeverseen.A.interestingB.moreinterestingC.mostinterestingD.themostinteresting【2012.山东菏泽】3.A100－year－oldmanranamarathoninTorontoonSunday.Hebecamethe______persontocompletethelong－distancerunningintheworld.A.youngestB.bestC.biggestD.oldest【2011河南】25.YaoMingis_______ChinesebasketballplayerthateverplayedinNBA.A.tallB.tallerC.tallestD.thetallest【2011雅安】11.—Whichmonthhas______daysinayear?—February.A.fewB.littleC.theleastD.thefewest【2010福建•晋江】37.--Don’tworry.Mymotherwilllookafteryourbaby__________.--Thanksalot.A.carefulenoughB.enoughcarefulC.carefullyenough【2010甘肃•兰州】29.—Wherewouldyouliketogoonyoursummerholiday,Mike?—I’dliketogo______.A.nowhereinterestingB.interestinganywhereC.somewhereinterestingD.interestingsomewhere【2010宁夏】24.Sheisverygoodatpainting.Shecanpaint_______herteacher.A.asbetterasB.aswellasC.asgoodasD.sowellas【2010湖北•荆州】18.—Whichprovinceisthe________oneinwinter?—ItshouldbeHainanProvince,Ithink.A．coldestB．hotterC．warmestD．cooler【总结】1、形容词副词比较等级的变化规则以及不规则变化的几个词2、形容词副词的比较级：比较级+thanas...as...结构,（注意：此结构中时形容词副词的原级）much,alittle,even,quite,abit等修饰比较级倍数的表达3、形容词副词的最高级：the+最高级+in...The+最高级+of...4、形容词/副词enough的用法 【基础练习】()1Yourroomis_______thanmine.A.threetimebigB.threetimesbigC.threetimesbiggerD.biggerthreetimes()2Whenspringcomes,itgets_______.A.warmandwarmB.colderandcolderC.warmerandwarmerD.shorterandshorter()3______hereadthebook,_______hegotinit.A.Themore;themoreinterestingB.Theless;themoreinterestingC.Themore;themoreinterestedD.More;moreinterested()4Ilike______oneofthetwobooks.A.theolderB.oldestC.theoldestD.older()5Whichdoyoulike_______,teaorcoffee?A.wellB.betterC.bestD.most()6Thisworkis_______formethanforyou.A.difficultB.mostdifficultC.muchdifficultD.moredifficult()7Whojumped_______ofall?A.farB.fartherC.farthestD.themostfar()8LiLeiis_______studentinourclass.A.tallB.tallerC.tallestD.thetallest