完整版专四英语语法考点分析报告解析汇报 15页

实用标准文案语法考点之一：虚拟语气考点1.If从句中的虚拟语气1、与过去事实相反：从句sbhaddone，主句sbwould(should,could,might)+havedone；2、省略if，从句的语序用到装，即将were,had或should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。3、与将来事实相反：从句sbdid(should+do或were+todo)，主句sbwould(should,could,might)+do。4、错综条件句：主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段。比如：从句对过去虚拟，而主句对现在虚拟，即从句sbhaddone，主句sbwould(should,could,might)+do；考点2：表示建议、要求、命令等动词如insist,order,command,suggest,advise,propose,ask,require,request,demand引导的从句及it引导的相应的分词、名词和形容词从句，谓语用（should)+动词原形。考点3：Itis+advisable,essential,important,imperative,incredible等从句，谓语用（should）+动词原形。考点4：itis(high/about)timethat的结构中，从句使用一般过去式。例如:考点5：muchas"尽管，虽然"引导让步状语从句，从句中用wouldhavedone表示假设。考点6：ifonly,wish,asif/asthough引导从句，与过去事实相反：had+done；与现在事实相反：动词过去式；与将来事实相反：could/would+do考点7：wouldrather/sooner从句中使用一般过去式或过去完成式分别表示对现在或过去的虚拟考点8：lest/forfearthat+(should)+原形动词。语法考点之二：情态动词*情态动词:will（愿意）,shall（将）,must（必须）,can,may,would,should(应该),might,could,oughtto,usedto（过去常常）,need（需要）,dare（竟敢），haveto（不得不）考试中，情态动词部分重点测试以下内容：（1）情态动词+行为动词完成式（表示推测）（2）某些情态动词的特殊用法　考点1.情态动词＋have＋过去分词结构表示推测(1)musthavedone表示推测过去某事“一定”发生了。否定形式为：can’t/couldn’thavev-ed,表示过去不可能发生某事。(2)couldhavedone表示推测过去某动作“很可能”发生了。(3)may/mighthavedone表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了.(4)oughtto/shouldhavedone和oughtnotto/shouldn’thavedone用于对已发生的情况表示文档 实用标准文案“责备”、“不满”，分别表示“本应该…”和“本不应该…”(5)needn’thavedone表示过去做了某事，但没有做的必要，意为“本没必要…”。*didnotneedtodo动作并没发生。考点2.特殊用法　(1)should表示惊讶1.Iamsurprised__thiscityisadullplacetolivein.2006A.thatyoushouldthinkB.bywhatyouarethinkingC.thatyouwouldthinkD.withwhatyouwerethinking(2)Can’tbut+V.,表示不得不，与haveto同义。Can’thelp+Ving忍不住。(3)cannot…too/enough表示“无论怎么……也不算过分”、“越……越好”(4)may/mightaswell+动词原形”意为“最好，满可以，倒不如”，相当于hadbetter(5)maywell+动词原形”，意为“（完全）能，很可能”(6)mayaswellas还是…好了语法考点之三：非谓语动词考点1：不定式(1)考察哪些动词接不定式；(2)考察哪些短语接不带to的不定式；Hadbetter/hadbestWouldrather/wouldrather…than/ratherthan/wouldsooner/wouldsooner…thanCannotbut/cannothelpbut/donothingbut/donothingbesides/donothingthanWhy引导的疑问句(3)考察动词不定时的时态和语态：进行式tobedoing,完成式tohavedone;一般式被动语态tobedone;完成式被动语态tohavebeendone。另外，不定式短语有将来时的意思；考点2：动名词(1)常接动名词做宾语的词：mind(介意),miss(逃过),mention(提及),prevent,postpone,practice,risk(冒险),resist(抵制),consider(考虑),admit(承认),avoid(避免),appreciate(感激),fancy(幻想),finish(完成)，feellike(喜欢),escape(逃脱),ensure(确保),delay(延迟),deny(否认),resent,detest,imagine(想象),suggest(建议)(2)介词后的ing：prevent/stop/keepsb/sthfromdoing阻止…做…spend/wastetime/moneyindoing在做…方面花钱、浪费时间或金钱；how/whataboutdoingsth做…怎么样了？Havesomedifficulty/troubleindoing在…方面有些困难；Thereisnosenseindoing(做…是没有理由的)Thank/admire/praise/blame/scold/punishsbfordoingsth因做某事而感谢、羡慕、表扬、责备、惩罚某人(3)接动名词做介词to的宾语：applyoneselfto致力于；beaccustomedto习惯于；confessto供认；cometo谈到；devoteoneselfto献身于；getdownto着手做；givewayto对…让步；leadto导致；lookforwardto期待；nextto几乎；objectto反对；payattentionto注意；stickto坚持；standupto勇敢面对；turnto求助于；be文档 实用标准文案usedto习惯于考点3：分词(1)从语态上看，现在分词一般表主动，过去分词一般表被动；(2)从时态上看，现在分词表示进行，过去分词表示过去。如果分词动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之前，分词用完成时。（3）现在分词的否定形式是not放在分词之前。*非谓语动词解题三步曲：一、首先确定主句；二、分析主动被动；三、分析动作先后1._____shouldnotbecomeaseriousdisadvantageinlifeandwork.2010A.TobenottallB.NotbeingtallC.BeingnottallD.Nottobetall2."Themanpreparingthedocumentsisthefirm"slawyer"hasallthefollowingpossiblemeaningsEXCEPT.2009A.themanwhohaspreparedthedocuments...B.themanwhohasbeenpreparingthedocuments...C.themanwhoispreparingthedocuments...D.themanwhowillpreparethedocuments...3.______atinthisway,thesituationdoesnotseemsodesperate.2000A.LookingB.lookedC.BeinglookedD.tolook4.Ifnot____withtherespecthefeelsduetohim,Jackgetsveryill-temperedandgrumblesallthetime.2004A.beingtreatedB.treatedC.betreatedD.havingbeentreated5.______,hecannowonlywatchitonTVathome.1998A.ObtainingnotaticketforthematchB.NotobtainingaticketforthematchC.NothavingobtainedaticketforthematchD.Notobtainedaticketforthematch6.Hewasn’taskedtotakeonthechairmanshipofthesociety,______insufficientlypoplarwithallmembers.1996A.havingconsideredB.wasconsideredC.wasbeingconsideredD.beingconsidered7.Henoticedthehelicopterhoveringoverthefield.Thentohisastonishment,hesawaropeladder______outandthreemenclimbingdownit.1995A.throwingB.beingthrownC.havingthrownD.havingbeenthrown8.Thismissileisdesignedsothatonce_____nothingcanbedonetoretrieveit.1995A.firedB.beingfiredC.theyfiredD.havingfired文档 实用标准文案考点4：独立主格（句中没有连接词，逗号分开两个句子，存在两个主语。形式：名词/代词＋分词）。(1)分词短语作状语时，有自己独立的逻辑上的“主语”，相当于各种形式的状语，表示一种伴随的动作、情况或表原因(2)介词（with）+名词+形容词/副词+分词，表示伴随行动做或补充说明1.Agricultureisthecountry’schiefsourceofwealth,wheat______byfarthebiggestcerealcrop.2003A.isB.beenC.beD.being2.Time______,thecelebrationwillbeheldasscheduled.2003A.permitB.permittingC.permittedD.permits3.There____nothingmorefordiscussion,themeetingcametoanendhalfanhourearlier.2000A.tobeB.tohavebeenC.beingD.be4._____nocauseforalarm,theoldmanwentbacktohisbedroom.1996A.TherewasB.SinceC.BeingD.Therebeing5.Thecountry’schiefexportsarecoal,carsandcottongoods,cars______themostimportantofthese.1994A.havebeenB.areC.beingD.arebeing6.Thetaperecorder___outoforder,thestudentsdidnotknowwhattodo.1990A.wasB.BeingC.hasbeenD.wasbeing语法考点之四：定语从句关系代词：which（指sth作主语或宾语），that（指sb或sth作主语或宾语），who（指sb作主语或宾语），whom（指sb作宾语），whose（指sb或sth，作定语）,as（指sb,sth作主语或宾语）;做宾语的时候，关系代词可以省略。关系副词：when（指时间onwhich），where（指地点atwhich），why（指原因forwhich）考点1.先行词为人时引导词who和that(1)只能用who不用that：1)当先行词为one(s),anyone,those时；2)当先行词为人称代词时。(2)只能用that不用who：1)当主句已经出现who时。2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。1.Heisquitewornoutfromyearsofhardwork.Heisnottheman_______hewastwentyyearsago.2003文档 实用标准文案A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom考点2.先行词为物时引导词that和which(1)只能用that不用which：1)先行词为much,little,few,nothing,none,anything,no,all等不定代词。2）先行词既有人又有物。3）先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰。4）先行词被thevery,theonly,thelast,just,all,any,every,no等修饰。5）关系代词在从句中作表语。6)在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中。7)主句是therebe句型。1.Iwasveryinterestedin_____shetoldme.2009A.allthatB.allwhichC.allwhatD.That2.Thereisnooneintheworld______.1991A.thatevermademistakesB.thathasevermademistakesC.thatnevermakesmistakesD.thatsometimesmakesmistakes(2)只能用which不用that:1)定语从句中的介词前置时关系代词只能用which;Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.2)引导非限制性定语从句时只能用which,其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。1.Theyovercameallthedifficultiesandcompletedtheprojecttwomonthsaheadoftime,_____issomethingwehadnotexpected.2003A.whichB.itC.thatD.what2.We’vejustinstalledtwoair-conditionersinourapartment,____shouldmakegreatdifferencesinourlifenextsummer.2002A.whichB.whatC.thatD.They考点3：介词+关系代词(which/whom)(1)关系代词前介词的确定方法：定语从句的动词与先行词的逻辑关系，或者从句的动词、形容词的习惯性搭配。1.Theparty,__Iwastheguestofhonour,wasextremelyenjoyable.2006A.bywhichB.forwhichC.towhichD.atwhich2.I’veneverbeentoLhasa,butthat’sthecity_______.1999A.I’dmostliketovisitB.whichIliketovisitmostlyC.whereIliketovisitD.I’dlikemuchtovisit3.IhaveneverbeentoLondon,butthatisthecity________.1997A.whereIliketovisitmostB.I"dmostliketovisit.C.whichIliketovisitmostlyD.whereI"dlikemosttovisit文档 实用标准文案(2)Whose从句1.Abovethetreesarethehills,_______magnificencetheriverfaithfullyreflectsonthesurface.2003A.whereB.ofwhoseC.whoseD.which考点4：关系副词的运用⑴先行词为“时间的名词”用when1.Sherememberedseveraloccasionsinthepast____shehadexperiencedasimilarfeeling.1998A.whichB.beforeC.thatD.when⑵先行词为“表示地点的名词”用where1.Haveyoueverbeeninasituation_____youknowtheotherpersonisrightyetyoucannotagreewithhim?2002A.bywhichB.thatC.inwhereD.Where⑶先行词为“表示原因的名词”why：reason＋why…（表示原因的名词只有一个）考点5：as与which引导的定语从句as放在句首句中都可以，which必需放在句中，但下列情况多用as:1)关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。Asisknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.2)当与suchas或thesame连用时，一般用as。3)as引导的定语从句应与主句在意义上和谐一致，which无此限制：Hewentabroad,as[which]wasexpected.他出国了，正如大家预料到的。Hewentabroad,whichwasunexpected.他出国了，这让大家感到很意外。(不用as)1.Onlytaketheseclothes______reallynecessary.1994A.aswereB.astheyareC.astheywereD.asare2._____isoftenthecasewithanewidea,muchpreliminaryactivityandoptimisticdiscussionproducednoconcreteproposals.1994A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.As注意：定语从句中主谓一致问题：从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。HeisoneoftheteacherswhoknowEnglishwell.HeistheonlyoneoftheteacherswhoknowsEnglishwell.(特殊)语法考点之五：状语从句考点1：时间状语从句文档 实用标准文案连接词：when,while,as,till/until,before,after,since,once,assoonas,everytime,themoment,theminute,nosooner..thanhardly…when等(1)whenever1.Comeandseemewhenever_____.(1997)A.youareconvenientB.youwillbeconvenientC.itisconvenienttoyouD.itwillbeconvenienttoyou(2)Nosoonerthan/hardly..when/scarcely..when一.就..用于句首要求倒装1.Thecouplehadnosoonergottothestation_____thecoachleft.2009A.whenB.asC.untilD.Than考点2：条件状语从句连接词：if,unlessso/aslongas,onconditionthat（条件是），as(so)faras(据..所知),providedthat（要是，如果），incase(假使，如果)，onlyif（只有）等onlyif只有1.____bothsidesaccepttheagreement____alastingpeacebeestablishedinthisregion.2004A.Onlyif,willB.Ifonly,wouldC.Should,willD.Unless,wouldunless除非1.Youwon’tgetaloan______youcanoffersomesecurity.1996A.lestB.incaseC.unlessD.otherthan2.___Iwasverymuchmistaken,therewassomethingwrongwithLouise.1995A.UnlessB.AsC.ThoughD.Since考点3：原因状语从句连接词：Because,since,as(放句首),for,nowthat(既然，由于）,when(既然),consideringthat（顾及到---）,seeingthat（由于），inthat因为,既然1.Mendifferfromanimals____theycanthinkandspeak.2008A.forwhichB.forthatC.inthatD.inwhich2.Barryhasanadvantageoverhismother____hecouldspeakFrench.(2001)A.sincethatB.inthatC.atthatD.sothat考点4：让步状语从句连接词:though,although,as,evenif/though,whatever,however,wherever,while等引导。(1)while尽管1.______Isympathize,Ican’treallydoverymuchtohelpthemoutofthedifficulties.2001A.aslongasB.asC.whileD.even(2)as/though引导让步状从倒装As/though引导让步状语从句时，必须将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面。Tryagainas/thoughhewill,hecan’tsucceed.此时应注意：一、若提前的表语是没有形容词修饰的单数可数名词，要省略不定冠词；文档 实用标准文案Childas/thoughheis,heknowsmuchaboutthesociety.二、若提前的是动词原形(多为不及物动词)，与之连用的通常是may,might,will,would等，这些词都要保留在原来的位置上(主语后)。Swimas/thoughhecan,hecan’tswimsofar.三、as引导的让步状语从句一定要倒装，though引导的让步状语从句不一定要倒装，although引导的让步状语从句不要倒装。四、让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是though和yet可连用。1.Fool____Jerryis,hecouldnothavedonesuchathing.2010/2002A.whoB.asC.likeD.that2._________,Mr.Wellsisscarcelyinsympathywiththeworkingclass.2005A.AlthoughheisasocialistB.EvenifheisasocialistC.BeingasocialistD.SinceheisasocialistEvenif即使，让步(3)muchas虽然，尽管1.____hewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsattheweekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhisassignment.2008A.MuchthoughB.MuchasC.AsmuchD.Thoughmuch2._______IlikeeconomicsIlikesociologymuchbetter.2003A.AsmuchasB.SomuchC.HowmuchD.Muchas3.____heneededmoneyforanewcar,hedecidednottoborrowitfromthebank.(1998)A.MuchasB.MuchthoughC.AsmuchD.thoughmuch(4)forall+n尽管1._____,heisreadytoacceptsuggestionsfromdifferentsources.(1997)A.InsteadofhiscontributionsB.ForallhisnotablecontributionsC.HismakingnotablecontributionsD.Howeverhisnotablecontributions(5)however+adj./adv.1.____healwaystrieshisbesttocompleteitontime.(1999)A.HoweverthetaskishardB.HoweverhardthetaskisC.ThoughhardthetaskisD.Thoughhardisthetask考点5：地点状语从句:where/wherever（wherever---无论哪里）考点聚焦：地点状语从句和where定语从句的区别：Tips:判断是定语从句还是地点状语从句，要看从句前是否有先行词，有先行词的是定语从句，否则是状语从句。考点6：方式状语从句文档 实用标准文案1.Shedidherwork_____hermanagerhadinstructed.2002A.asB.untilC.whenD.though考点7：结果状语从句连接词：sothat(=inorderto),so…that,such…that（太…以至于）(1)somuchsothat到这样程度以致…1.-----DoesAlanlikelimburgers?2003-----Yes.Somuch______thatheeatsthemeveryday.A.forB.asC.toD.so(2)suchthat达到这样的程度以致1.Thebrillianceofhissatireswas_____makeevenhisvictimslaugh.1996A.soastoB.suchastoC.sothatD.suchthat考点8：目的状语从句连接词：sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat（为了防止）,lest（以防）1.Loudspeakerswerefixedinthehallsothateveryone__anopportunitytohearthespeech.2006A.oughttohaveB.musthaveC.mayhaveD.shouldhave语法考点之六：名词从句一、、常见考点：考点1：主语从句(1)that引导主语从句句型：that引导的主语从句直接放在句首的较少，更常见的是用it作形式主语置于句首，而将that引导的主语从句放在句末，因此，下列都是常见的主语从句句型：1)Itis+过去分词+that从句：Itisreportedthat…Itisbelievedthat…Itisgenerallythoughtthat…Itshouldbenotedthat…Ithasbeenfoundthat…Itmustbepointedoutthat…同样可用的动词还有:say,expect,know,estimate,forecast2)Itis+形容词+that从句：Itisclearthat…Itislikelythat…Itispossiblethat…Itisnaturalthat…Itiscertainthat…Itisstrangethat…Itisfortunatethat…Itisnecessarythat…3)Itis+名词短语+that从句：Itisapitythat…Itisafactthat…Itisgoodnewsthat…Itisagoodthingthat…Itisnowonderthat…Itisashamethat…Itisanhonorthat…Itiscommonknowledgethat…Itismybeliefthat…Itisamiraclethat…4)It+不及物动词+that从句：Itseemsthat…;Itfollowsthat…;Ithappensthat…;Itturnsoutthat…;Itcomesaboutthat…5)其他结构：Itdawnsupon/onsbthat…;Itoccurstosbthat…;Itmakesnodifferencethat…;Itdoesn’tneedtobebotheredthat…;Itisoflittleconsequencethat…(2)whether及连接代词或连接副词引导主语从句一般放在句首。考点2：宾语从句what/whatever/whoever/whomeverwhoever是人称代词的主格形式，一般在句子中作主语；whomever是人称代词的宾格形式，故一般作宾语。这两个词都等于thepersonthat。what/whatever等于thething(s)that。可以理解为“先行词+that”。1._____thebosssays,itisunreasonabletoaskmetoworkovertimewithoutpay.2009A.WhateverB.WheneverC.WhicheverD.However文档 实用标准文案2.Thegovernmenthaspromisedtodo____liesinitspowertoeasethehardshipsofthevictimsinthefloodstrickenarea.(2004)A.howeverB.whicheverC.whateverD.wherever3.Shemanagedtosave___shecouldoutofherwagestohelpherbrother.2002A.howlittlemoneyB.solittlemoneyC.suchlittlemoneyD.whatlittlemoneyShegavehimwhatmoneyshehad.Youmaybringwhatphotosyoulike.what用作关系形容词，通常与表示少量含义的little，few连用(注：不能与表示多量含义的many，much连用)，表示“虽然少，但把所有的都⋯⋯”。例如：Thescholarspentwhatlittlemoneyhehadonbooks.IspentwhatlittletimeIhadwithmyfamily．IwillgivewhatlittlehelpIcan．“Itwasbuiltbyworkingmenandwomenwhodugintowhatlittlesavingstheyhadtogive$5and$10and$20tothecause.”4.After___seemedanendlesswait,itwasherturntoenterthepersonnelmanager’soffice.(1999)A.thatB.thereC.whatD.it5.Wecanassignthetaskto_____iscapableandtrustworthy.(1994)A.whomeverB.whoC.whomD.Whoever考点3：表语从句(1)表语从句通常是置于系动词，尤其是is后边。1.Qualityis____countsmost.2008A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where考点4：同位语从句(1)“名词+that+陈述句”句型：(2)nodoubt+that/doubt+whether1.Thereisnodoubt____thecompanyhasmadetherightdecisiononthesalesproject.(2001)A.whyB.thatC.whetherD.when语法考点串讲之七：主谓一致1)“就远原则”:在“A+(with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,but,except,besides,like,including,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan)+B”结构中，谓语动词的单复数与之B一致。1.MrWells,togetherwithallthemembersofhisfamily,____forEuropethisafternoon.2004A.aretoleaveB.areleavingC.isleavingD.Leave2)就近原则：neither…nor…,(either)…or…,notonly…butalso…,not…but…等并列结构作主语时采取就近原则：谓语动词的数由与其最接近的那个主语的数决定。1.Itisfutiletodiscussthematterfurther,because____goingtoagreeuponanything文档 实用标准文案today.2003A.neitheryounorIareB.neitheryounormeisC.neitheryounorIamD.neithermenoryouare3)morethanone+n/Manya+n/EveryAandeveryB/NoAandnoB/oneandahalf+n谓语动词用单数。注意：more复数名词+thanone用复数，Moremembersthanoneareagainstyourplan.4)由and连接的多个成分，若表示一种事物或一种概念时，用单数动词；若表示的是多个不同的概念时，则用复数动词。并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:breadandbutter,breadandcheese,aknifeandfork,acartandhorse,needleandthread,lawandorder,fishandchips,meatandpotatoes5)如果主语由“the＋形容词”结构担任时,表示一类人，为复数概念，谓语用复数。6)people,police,cattle,militia是复数名词,接动词复数形式。Peoples指民族。sheep,deer,fish,means,aircraftworks单复数同形,动词根据名词的单复数决定。7)常见的表示成对概念的复数名词，如：pants,trousers,scissors,scales（天平），glasses,binoculars(双筒望远镜)，spectacles,bifocals（双光眼镜）。谓语动词用复数。8)形式上是复数（词尾加s）,但表示单数概念的词，谓语用单数。Works(工厂)、gallows(绞刑架)、politics,statistics,measles,diabetes。若statistics不表示学科，而表示“统计数据”时，则需要复数。1.Thestatistics___thatlivingstandardsintheareahaveimproveddrasticallyinrecenttimes.2006A.provesB.isprovingC.areprovingD.prove9)书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。1.AllthePresident’sMen______oneoftheimportantbooksforhistorianswhostudytheWatergateScandal.2007A.remainB.remainsC.remainedD.isremaining10)“数量词+名词”结构的主谓一致只与可数名词连用只接单数的EachEvery单数谓语只接复数的Acoupleof，Several,Anumberof复数谓语只与不可数名词连用Agreatdealof，单数谓语文档 实用标准文案Alargeamountof与可数名词复数或不可数名词连用均可Notany,Some,Alotof,Plentyof,Most,all,apairof接可数复数名词时用复数谓语；接不可数名词时用单数谓语。语法考点之八：倒装句考点1：全部倒装(1)在以now,down,away,here,there等副词开头的句子里。Therestandsatalltreeinfrontofourschoolgate.Nowcomesyourturn.(2)表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。考点2：部分倒装(1)Only+状语位于句首时Onlyinthiswaycanwemakegreatprogress.(2)否定副词及短语位于句首时。常考的词或词语有not,seldom,hardly,little,nowhere,bynomeans,innotime等。1.Little_____aboutherownsafety,thoughsheherselfwasingreatdanger.2009A.shecaredB.shemaycareC.mayshecareD.didshecare(3)soneithernor位于句首时。1.So+助动词+主语：…也一样。2.So+主语+助动词：…确实如此。承前肯定so只能指定一件事情，两件事情用soitis(thesame)withsb1.Itisgoingtobefinetomorrow._______.2009A.Soisit.B.Soitis.C.Soitdoes.D.Sodoesit.3.Neither和Nor用于否定句，表示“也不，也没有”。NeitherNor+助动词+主语1.Heisnotunderarrest,_____anyrestrictiononhim.(1995)A.orthepolicehaveplacedB.orhavethepoliceplacedC.northepolicehaveplacedD.norhavethepoliceplaced(4)在“so+adj./adv.+that…”句式中，将“so+adj./adv.”放在句首时的倒装。1.Sobadly_____inthecaraccidentthathehadtostayinhospitalforafewmonths.(1994)A.didheinjureB.injuredhimC.washeinjuredD.hewasinjured(5)notonly…butalso…;not...until句式的倒装(前倒后不倒)1.Notuntilamonkeyisseveralyearsold__toexhibitsignsofindependencefromitsmother.(1991)A.itdoesbeginB.whenitbeginsC.doesitbeginD.beforeitbegins语法考点之九：反义疑问句1）情态动词：文档 实用标准文案(1)反意疑问句的陈述部分谓语有haveto时，附加疑问句通常用助动词do；反意疑问句的陈述部分为usedto时，附加问句用助动词did。1.Thereusedtobeapetrolstationnearthepark,__?2006A.didn’titB.doesn’tthereC.usedn’tit?D.didn’tthere(2)反意疑问句的陈述部分谓语有need时，need做情态动词，附加疑问句仍用need，need做实义动词时，附加问句用助动词do。(3)陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may+主语Iwishtohaveawordwithyou,mayI?2)祈使句的反义疑问句：(1)do...,don"t...?;don"t...,do...,?1.Whenyouhavefinishedwiththatbook,don"tforgettoputitbackonmydesk,_____?2008A.doyouB.don"tyouC.willyouD.won"tyou2.Whenyouhavefinishedwiththatvideotape,don’tforgettoputitinmydrawer,_____?1997A.doyouB.willyouC.don’tyouD.Won’tyou3.Dohelpyourselftosomefruit,______you?2000A.can’tB.don’tC.wouldn’tD.won’t3)陈述部分用no,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,rarely,little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。1.Sheseldomgoestothetheatre,_____?2010A.doesn"tsheB.doessheC.wouldsheD.wouldn"tshe4)否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式5)复合句的反疑疑问句(1)带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定1.Shewouldhavebeenmoreagreeableifshehadchangedalittlebit,______?2003A.hadn’tsheB.hasn’tsheC.wouldn’tsheD.didn’tshe(2)上述部分主句谓语是I/wethink,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引导的宾语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句：前肯定句，后用否定句；前有否定句，后面附加问句用肯定。Idon"tthinkheisbright,ishe?语法考点之十：形容词比较级和比较结构考点1：原级比较一般结构as…as;notas…as;thesame…as;1.Thereareasgoodfishinthesea_____evercameoutofit.2007A.thanB.likeC.asD.so考点2：AistoBwhat/asXisY;1.Nineistothree_____threeistoone.2008A.whenB.thatC.whichD.what2.Intellectistothemind____sightistothebody.(2001)A.whatB.asC.thatD.Like3.Twelveistothreefouristoone.1998A.whatB.AsC.ThatD.like考点3：倍数或几分之几“A+be+Xtimes+计量形容词比较级+than+B”“A+be+Xtimes+as+计量形容词原级+as+B”。文档 实用标准文案1.Somedietersfindthataftertheirdietingisover,theyeattwice_______theydidbeforetheirdiet.1993A.morethanB.asmanyasC.muchthanD.asmuchas“A+be+Xtimes+the+计量名词+of+B1.Anewlaptopcostsabout_____ofasecond-handone.2009A.thepriceofthreetimesB.threetimesthepriceC.asmuchasthethreetimespriceD.threetimesmorethantheprice2.Thesquareitselfisfivehundredyardswide,fivetimes____thesizeofSt.Peter"sinRome.2008A./B.thatofC.whichisD.of考点4：(1)morethan“不仅是，非常，十分”等，用法和意义较多。1.Itwas____wehadhoped.2006A.moreasuccessthanB.asuccessmorethanC.asmuchofasuccessasD.asuccessasmuchas(2)moreofa+可数名词单数+than更称得上1.DoyouknowTim’sbrother?Heis____thanTim2005.A.muchmoresportsmanB.moreofasportsmanC.moreofsportsmanD.moreasportsman(3)not…anymorethan和…同样都不1.Fatcannotchangeintomuscle______musclechangesintofat.1999A.anymorethanB.nomorethanC.nolessthanD.muchmorethan(4)notmore….than不超过；前者不如后者1.Overpopulationposesaterriblethreattothehumanrace.Yetitisprobably_____athreattothehumanracethanenvironmentaldestruction.2007A.nomoreB.notmoreC.evenmoreD.muchmore(5)nolessthan=asmuchas1.Johnis______hardworkingthanhissister,buthefailedintheexam.1998A.nolessB.nomoreC.notlessD.noso考点5：在more…than结构中，than有时可看作关系代词，相当于thanwhat…1.Theresearchrequiresmoremoneythan_______.2007A.havebeenputinB.hasbeenputinC.beingputinD.tobeputin2.Thereoughttobelessanxietyovertheperceivedriskofmountainclimbingthan________inthepublicmindtoday.1999A.ExistsB.ExistC.ExistingD.toexist考点6：asmuchasLanguagebelongstoeachmemberofthesociety,tothecleaner__totheprofessor.AasfarasBthesameasCasmuchasDaslongas考点7：not…somuchas与其说，不如说 1.Itisnot____muchthelanguageasthebackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.2007文档 实用标准文案A.thatB.asC.soD.very2.Thattrumpetplayerwascertainlyloud.ButIwasn’tbotheredbyhisloudness____byhislackoftalent.2004A.somuchasB.ratherthanC.asD.than3.Itisnotsomuchthelanguage______theculturalbackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.1999A.butB.norC.asD.like考点8themore…themoreThelessthesurfaceofthegroundyieldstotheweightofafully-loadedtruck,______tothetruck.A.thegreaterstressisB.greateristhestressC.thestressisgreaterD.thegreaterthestress文档