2015届高三英语语法专题形容词 副词 8页

2015届高三英语语法专题形容词&副词LiWanmanSept.7,2014I、语法填空中的形容词、副词考点：1、形容词与副词的相互转换例1：…wedranktogetherandtalked(merry)tillfarintothenight.例2：Hewasvery(happily)abouthispurchaseandthepricewasreasonable.2、形容词、副词的比较级或最高级例3：…oneofthe(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher,MsChen.例4：Factoriesandbusinesslosemillionsofdollarseveryyearbecauseofsmokers.Smokershave(high)medicalbills.3、加前缀或后缀转变词性或词义例5：Withtheproblemsolved,Ifeltproudofmyachievement.(fortunate),IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minuteslefttocomplete.例6：…Idon’tknowifheplantedthepoemnexttothefailinggradeto(soft)theblow,butitworked.4、以-ing和-ed结尾的形容词的用法例7：Eachdaywewerelateforschool,andIremembertheteachergotvery.(annoy)例8：Gamesareoften(excite)anddramatic,buttheygenerallyaren’tveryintellectual.5、考查比较级的修饰语例9：Timdroveverycarefully,butJohndrovemorecarefullythanTimdid.针对性练习：1.Seatedinacomfortablechair,listeningtothepeacefulmusic,you’llbebroughtintoa_______(relax)stateofmind.2.“Howmuchisadishofplainicecream?”heasked.Somepeoplewerenowwaitingforherserviceandthewaitressgrewabit(patience).“Thirtyfivecents”,shesaid(rude).3.Thiswas(large)becausepetownerstendedtobethemiddleage,whohavelesseducationandmorehealth-risefactors.4.Someoftheseuniversitieshavefortythousandor(many)students.5.Theyaremadefromavarietyofmaterials,suchaswaxandglass,so(skill)thattheycanscarcelybedistinguishedfromnaturalflowers.6.Itmaynotbeagreatsuggestion.Butbeforea_______(good)oneisputforward,we’llmakedowithit.7.IthinkwatchingTVeveryeveningisawasteoftime—thereare________(meaningful)thingstodo.8.Tonycanhardlyboilanegg,still_________(little)cookdinner.9.Theresultisnotveryimportanttous,butifwedowin,thensomuch,the____(good).10.Nexttobiology,Ilikephysics________(good).11.Mr.Stevensonisgreattoworkfor—Ireallycouldn’taskfora________(good)boss.12.HainanIslandisaverylargeisland.Itisthesecond________(large)islandinChina.13.InHawaii,itisveryhotinJuly,butitiseven_________(hot)inAugust.8 14.30,000dollarsisalargesumofmoneybutitisfar________(little)thanweneed.15.Don’tlaugh,however_________(fun)itmaybe.II、完形填空中的形容词、副词考点：16.（2014安徽卷）27．MygoodperformanceinthejobinterviewleftmeaboutmyfutureandaboutwhatIcandohere.A.puzzledB.sensitiveC.optimisticD.embarrassed17.（2014安徽卷）33．It"sourhopethatwewillplayagreaterroleinthemarketplaceand,,supplymorejobs.A.howeverB.anywhereC.thereforeD.otherwise18.（2014大纲卷）27.Raymond’sparentswantedhimtohave______possibleeducation.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest19.Henrywasawayfromhomeforquiteabitand_____sawhisfamily.A.frequentlyB.seldomC.alwaysD.usually20.（2014福建卷）24.Withonlineshoppingincreasinglypopular,theInternetisseenasa(n)wayofreachingtargetcustomers.A.temporaryB.complexC.accurateD.efficient21.（2014湖北卷）27.Whatwasso______aboutJasmineWestland’svictorywasthatshecamefirstinthemarathonbare-footed.A.awfulB.essentialC.impressiveD.obvious22.Mistakesdon’tjusthappen;theyoccurforareason.Findoutthereason,andthenmakingthemistakebecomes_________.A.favourableB.preciousC.essentialD.worthwhile23.（2014湖北卷）28.Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbrokenthevase,shegavehima______smileandlethimgo.A.cautiousB.gratefulC.tolerantD.wild24.I’mnotsurprisedthathebecameawriter.Evenasachildhehada_____imagination.A.clearB.cautiousC.funnyD.vivid25.（2014湖北卷）29.HardlyhadSabrinafinishedherwordswhenAlbertsaid______,“Don’tbesomean,”pointingafingerofwarningather.A.dreadfullyB.guiltilyC.indirectlyD.sharply26.PeoplesaythatyoungChinesestudents’eyesightkeepsdropping_________becauseofbothtoomuchhomeworkandpoorlearningconditions.A.sharplyB.narrowlyC.automaticallyD.roughly27.（2014江苏卷）28.Theidea"happiness",,willnotsitstillforeasydefinition.A.toberigidB.tobesureC.tobeperfectD.tobefair28.Thanksforyourdirectionstothehouse;wewouldn’thavefoundit________.A.nowhereB.howeverC.otherwiseD.instead29.（2014浙江卷）4.Joeisproudand______,neveradmittingheiswrongandalwayslookingforsomeoneelsetoblame.A.strictB.sympatheticC.stubbornD.sensitive30.（2014浙江卷）13.Theaimofeducationistoteachyoungpeopletothinkforthemselvesandnotfollowothers______.8 A.blindlyB.unwillinglyC.closelyD.carefully31.Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestood________tohermother.A.closeB.closelyC.closedD.closing2015届高三英语语法专题形容词&副词答案详解I、语法填空中的形容词、副词考点：1.形容词与副词的相互转换例1：…wedranktogetherandtalked________(merry)tillfarintothenight.(2007年广东高考)解析：修饰动词talked，用副词形式，故填merrily。例2:Hewasvery________(happily)abouthispurchaseandthepricewasreasonable.解析:在系动词be后作表语，用形容词，故填happy。核心提示：作定语、表语、或作补足语时，通常要用形容词；修饰动词、形容词、或整个句子等作状语，用副词。2.形容词、副词的比较等级例3：…oneofthe________(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher,MsChen.解析:由Ievermade可知，用bad的最高级，故填worst。例4:Factoriesandbusinesslosemillionsofdollarseveryyearbecauseofsmokers.Smokershave________(high)medicalbills.解析:由语境可知，吸烟者的医疗费用与工厂企业费用作比较，故填比较级higher。核心提示:熟记形容词与副词的比较级和最高级形式，并注意根据语境判断用原级、比较级，还是用最高级。3.加前缀或后缀转变词性或词义例5：Withtheproblemsolved,Ifeltproudofmyachievement.________(fortunate),IthennoticethatIhadjust10minuteslefttocomplete.解析:通过上文achievement和下文just10minutesleftt对比，可判断两者是一个转折关系，故要考虑把fortunate变成unfortunate；另外，fortunate放在句首修饰整个句子作状语，要用副词形式，故填Unfortunately。例6:…Idon’tknowifheplantedthepoemnexttothefailinggradeto________(soft)theblow,butitworked.解析:此处的to是不定式符号，后接动词原形，作目的状语，形容词soft加后缀en可变成动词，故填soften。核心提示:注意归纳由形容词或副词加上前缀或后缀后演变的各种词形变化,做题时仍然以语境分析为主。4.以-ing和-ed结尾的形容词的用法例7：Eachdaywewerelateforschool,andIremembertheteachergot8 very________(annoy)例8:Gamesareoften________(excite)anddramatic,buttheygenerallyaren’tveryintellectual.解析：两题都需填形容词构成系表结构,例7填指人(老师)“感到生气的”，填annoyed；例9指事物(比赛)“令人兴奋的”，故填exciting。核心提示:表示人“感到……的”用-ed形容词；表示事物“令人……的”用-ing形容词。充当定语时，ing表主动、进行或说明名词的用途，ed表被动、完成。充当表语时，-ing表性质，-ed表状态。5.考查比较级的修饰语例9：Timdroveverycarefully,butJohndrove________morecarefullythanTimdid.解析:由句意可知是“小心得多”或“更加小心”，故可填much/even/far。核心提示:比较级前可用much,far,agreat/gooddeal,alot,等表示“得多”，用abit,alittle,rather,some,any等表示“一点”，用even,far,still等表示“更加”等；在最高级前可用byfar,thesecond,thevery,muchthe等修饰。通过这些修饰语，也可以判断形容词或副词该用比较级还是最高级。针对性练习：1.relaxed2.impatient,rudely3.largely4.more5.skillfully6.better7.moremeaningful8.less句意：Tony不会煮蛋，更不用说做饭了。stillless为固定搭配，常与否定句连用，意为：更不用说，何况9.better10.best11.better12.largest13.hotter14.less15.funnyII、完形填空中的形容词、副词考点：16.（2014安徽卷）27．MygoodperformanceinthejobinterviewleftmeaboutmyfutureandaboutwhatIcandohere.A.puzzledB.sensitiveC.optimisticD.embarrassed【考点】考察形容词词义辨析【答案】C【解析】形容词puzzled困惑的；sensitive敏感的；optimistic乐观的；embarrassed尴尬的；句义：在工作面试中良好表现让我对自己的未来和在这里能够做的事情很乐观。根据Mygoodperformanceinthejobinterview表现良好，说明我对自己未来很有信心，故C正确。17.（2014安徽卷）33．It"sourhopethatwewillplayagreaterroleinthemarketplaceand,,supplymorejobs.A.howeverB.anywhereC.thereforeD.otherwise【考点】考察副词词义辨析8 【答案】C【解析】副词however然而；anywhere无论何处；therefore因此；otherwise否则，要不然；另外一方面；句义：在市场上起着更重要的作用是我们的希望，因此通过更多的工作。我们要想在市场上起着更重要的作用是通过提供更多的工作实现的。上下文之间是因果关系。故C正确。18.（2014大纲卷）27.Raymond’sparentswantedhimtohave______possibleeducation.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest【考点】考察形容词用法和常识【答案】D【解析】句义：Raymond的父母亲想要他得到最好的可能的教育。本句是常识，父母亲当然希望自己的孩子能够得到最好的教育，有最好的发展前途。故D正确。19.（2014大纲卷）34.Henrywasawayfromhomeforquiteabitand_____sawhisfamily.A.frequentlyB.seldomC.alwaysD.usually【考点】考察副词词义辨析【答案】B【解析】副词frequently频繁地，经常地；seldom很少；always总是，一直；usually通常。句义：Harry已经离开家有一段时间了，他很少看见他的父亲。根据句义可知他已经离开家了，那么很少有和父亲见面的机会。故使用副词seldom表示否定。故B正确。20.（2014福建卷）24.Withonlineshoppingincreasinglypopular,theInternetisseenasa(n)wayofreachingtargetcustomers.A.temporaryB.complexC.accurateD.efficient【考点】考察形容词词义辨析【答案】D【解析】本题考察的是形容词词义辨析temporary暂时的；complex复杂的；accurate准确的，精确的；efficient高效的；句义：随着网络购物越来越流行，因特网被看作是找到目标客户的高效的方法。根据前半句可知网络购物的流行让我们很容易就会找到目标客户，所以因特网是一个很高效的方法。故D正确。21.（2014湖北卷）27.Whatwasso______aboutJasmineWestland’svictorywasthatshecamefirstinthemarathonbare-footed.A.awfulB.essentialC.impressiveD.obvious【考点】考察形容词词义辨析及语境理解【答案】C【解析】本题主要考察的是形容词词义辨析。A糟糕的，可怕的，极坏的；B必要的；基本的；D留有深刻印象的；D明显的，显然的；句意：关于JasmineWestland的胜利给人印象最深刻的是他赤脚得到了马拉松比赛的第一名。根据句意JasmineWestland赤脚获得第一名，这是最让人难忘的事情。故C项符合上下文串联。22.Mistakesdon’tjusthappen;theyoccurforareason.Findoutthereason,andthenmakingthemistakebecomes.8 A.favourableB.preciousC.essentialD.worthwhile〖答案〗D〖考点〗形容词词义辨析,同时也涉及到构词法〖解析〗“worthwhile”表示“值得的,有价值的”表示犯错误是值得的。A表示“喜爱的,赞同的”,B“珍贵的”C“本质的”,只要知道词义,并联系生活常识,该题还是很容易得出答案的。23.（2014湖北卷）28.Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbrokenthevase,shegavehima______smileandlethimgo.A.cautiousB.gratefulC.tolerantD.wild【考点】考察形容词词义辨析和语境理解【答案】C【解析】本题主要考察形容词词义辨析。A谨慎的，小心的；B感激的：C宽容的；容忍的，忍受的；D野生的，野蛮的；句意：她并没有责备打破花瓶的那个孩子，相反她对他宽容地笑了一下，并让他离开了。根据Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbrokenthevase她并没有责备他，说明她很宽容。故C项正确。24.I’mnotsurprisedthathebecameawriter.Evenasachildhehada_____imagination.A.clearB.cautiousC.funnyD.vivid〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查形容词的辨析。〖解析〗句意为：我对他成为一位作家一点也不奇怪，甚至他还是一个小孩时就有很强的想象能力。vivid鲜艳的，鲜明的，强烈的，清晰的。25.（2014湖北卷）29.HardlyhadSabrinafinishedherwordswhenAlbertsaid______,“Don’tbesomean,”pointingafingerofwarningather.A.dreadfullyB.guiltilyC.indirectlyD.sharply【考点】考察副词词义辨析及上下文串联【答案】D【解析】本题主要考察副词词义辨析。A可怕地，恐怖地；B有罪地；内疚地；C简接地；D严厉地，明确地；句意：Sabrina一说完她的话，Albert就手指着她严厉地说“不要这么苛刻吧！”根据“Don’tbesomean,”不要这么苛刻。以及pointingafingerofwarningather。说明Albert说话的语气很严肃。故D正确。26.PeoplesaythatyoungChinesestudents’eyesightkeepsdropping_________becauseofbothtoomuchhomeworkandpoorlearningconditions.A.sharplyB.narrowlyC.automaticallyD.roughly【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查副词。A急剧地；B严密地；C自动地；D粗略地。句意：据说因为中国年轻的学生由于太多的家庭作业和简陋的学习条件视力急剧下降。故A正确。27.（2014江苏卷）28.Theidea"happiness,",willnotsitstillforeasydefinition.A.toberigidB.tobesureC.tobeperfectD.tobefair8 【考点】考察形容词词义辨析。【答案】B【解析】本题考察的是形容词词义辨析。Rigid僵硬的，死板的；sure确信的，肯定的，有把握的；perfect完美一的；fair公平的；句意：“幸福，“可以肯定的是，不是个静态简单的定义。根据句意说明B项符合上下文串联。28.（2014江西卷）23Thanksforyourdirectionstothehouse;wewouldn’thavefoundit___.A.nowhereB.howeverC.otherwiseD.instead【考点】考察副词词义辨析【答案】C【解析】本题考察的是副词词义辨析。nowhere任何地方都不，无处；however然而；otherwise否则，要不然；instead代替，而不是；句义：多亏了你房子的说明，要不然，我们会找不到的。本句实际上是一个含蓄条件句的虚拟语气，表示的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句使用的“情态动词+havedone”，otherwise=iftherehadnotbeenyourdirectionstothehouse。故C正确。29.（2014浙江卷）4.Joeisproudand______,neveradmittingheiswrongandalwayslookingforsomeoneelsetoblame.A.strictB.sympatheticC.stubbornD.sensitive【考点】考察形容词词义辨析【答案】C【解析】本题考察的是形容词词义辨析。Strict严格的；sympathetic同情的，富有同情心的；stubborn固执的；sensitive敏感的。降雨：Joe很骄傲很固执，从来都不承认他错了而且总是责备别人。根据neveradmittingheiswrongandalwayslookingforsomeoneelsetoblame可知他很固执。故C正确。30.（2014浙江卷）13.Theaimofeducationistoteachyoungpeopletothinkforthemselvesandnotfollowothers______.A.blindlyB.unwillinglyC.closelyD.carefully【考点】考察副词词义辨析【答案】A【解析】副词blindly盲目地，没有目的地；unwillingly不愿意地；closely亲密地；紧密地；carefully细心地；句意：教育的目的是教会别人自己思考而不是盲目地追随他人。根据句意说明A正确。31.Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestood________tohermother.A.closeB.closelyC.closedD.closing〖答案〗A〖考点〗本题考查形容词及其比较级的用法。〖解析〗先根据动词的搭配关系,可排除c、D两个选项；选项A可作动词、形容词或副词,作副词时,意思是“近地,靠近,接近”；而选项B也是副词,它是由close+ly而来,意思是“亲密地,密切地”。再根据句子的意思,选出正确答案A。译文：天下着大雨,LittleMary感到很冷,8 所以她紧紧站在母亲身旁。8