高中英语语法-状语从句 10页

高中英语重点语法复习状语从句一．状语从句的定义与分类：在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句。状语从句通常由一个连词引起，也可以由一个起连词作用的词组引起.状语从句一般分为九大类——状语从句——状语从句——状语从句——状语从句——状语从句——状语从句——状语从句——状语从句——状语从句重点与难点从句：时间，条件，让步从句二．状语从句的分类用法：A．时间状语从句：可以引导时间状语从句的连词很多，根据意义和主从句之间的时间关系，又可分类如下：（1）表示同时性，即主从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。其连词有：A】.when（当……的时候）,while（当……的时候）,as（当……的时候）(三者区别如下表)B】.bythetime（到……时候为止）,nexttime,thefirsttime,thelasttime，every/eachtimelBythetimehegotthere,theplane_________________（takeoff）.lEverytimeIwenttohishouse,hewasout.C】.themoment/theminute（一……就）,assoonas,immediately（一……就……）,instantly（一……就……）,directly（一……就……）lHemadeforthedoordirectly/immediately/instantlyheheardtheknock.lSherushedintotheroomtheminute/themomentsheheardthenoise.lI’llringyouupassoonasIgetananswerfromhim.D】.hardly…when…（一……就……）,nosooner…than…（一……就……）【注意★这一对关联词引起的句子中，前面常用过去完成时，后面用一般过去时】lNosooner____________________(她一到家)thanshestartedcomplaining.=Hehad____________comehome_______shestartedcomplaining.lHardly___he______speaking______someonerosetorefusehispoints.(他一说完，有人就站起来反对)注意★as、when、while用法一览表类别作用例句asas表示“当……的时候”，它着重强调主句与从句的动作同时或几乎同时发生。可译为“一边......，一边......”；“随着”Helookedbehindfromtotimeashewent.他一边走，一边不时地往后看。Astimegoeson,it’sgettingwarmerandwarmer.when①“当…的时候”(既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内。②when“justatthatmoment”的意思Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.(指时间点)Whenwewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.(在一段时间内)WewerewatchingTVwhensuddenlythelightswentout.while①while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。从句中的动词一般要用________动词。②“趁……”②当主从句之间表示_________关系：“然而”Hefellasleepwhile/whenreading.Striketheironwhileitishot.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,Whileinfact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.10 ④表“虽然”,用whileWhileweadmitheisnotperfect,westilllikehim.（2）表示先与后时，即主句的谓语动作发生在从句之前或之后。主要连词有：after（在……之后，before（在……之前）,等。如：lAfterthechildren________________(go)tobed,shebegantoprepareherlessons.lHe______(learn)EnglishforthreeyearsbeforehewenttoLondon.注意★常用句型：Itis/was/willbe+时间段before…要过多久才…Itisn’t/wasn’t/won’tbe+时间段before…没有过多久就…l___________________beforewefinishthistask.要再过5天我们才能完成这个任务。l_______________beforeIforgotitall.我没有过多久就全忘了。(3）表示持续性主要连词有：since（自从）,eversince（自从）,until（直到……才/为止,till（直到……才/为止）A】.since（自从）,eversince（自从）常与________或_________________时态lYou__________tomeeversinceJameswentout.自从James走后你一直在给我朗读。lThebigclockwhichusedtostrikethehoursdayandnightwasdamagedduringthewarand______________（be）silenteversince.(eversince可以放在句末，since则不能)lMyunclewenttoTibetin1951.He_______________(live)thereeversince.★常用句型:Itis+时间段since…lItisjustaweek__________________________________..我们到这儿刚刚一星期。B】.until①肯定句中，until和till都可表示“直到．．．．．．为止”，与持续性动词连用。如：lHewaiteduntil/till__________________________________他一直等到我们吃完饭。lTomworkedtill______________________________(他儿子大学毕业)。②否定句中，until和till表示“直到．．．．．．才．．．．．．”时，通常与短暂动词连用，如：lIdidn’tleaveuntil__________________________直到她回来，我才离开的。注意★当notuntil位于句首时，主句中的主语、谓语要使用倒装语序：lIdidn’tleaveuntilshecameback.=Not（never）untilshecameback________I____lHedidnotrealizehismistakeuntilIpointeditout.=Notuntil_______________________________________________________.注意★其强调句型为“Itwasnotuntil...that...”lIdidnotrealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherglasses.=Itwas______shetookoffherdarkglasses_______Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.2．地点状语从句由where（在……的地方）,wherever（无论哪里）引导的：lWuhanlieswheretheYangtzeandtheHanRivermeet.lHewouldkeepintouchwithus____________________________（不管他在哪里）注意★where引导定语从句与状语从句区别)lThelabwherehedidtheexperimentwasbright.(______从句；where=_________)lYou’dbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.（________从句;where≠____）3．原因状语从句表示原因的状语从句可以由as（由于）,because(因为),since（既然）,nowthat(既然),for注★：because不能与so连用lIdoitbecauseIlikeit.lNowthat/Sinceyouareallhere,let’stryandreachadecision.lAsshewasill,shedidn’tcometotheparty.10 4．目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的主要连词有:sothat（以便）,inorderthat（为了）,incase（以防万一）注意★目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词can,could,may,might,should连用lLet’stakethefrontseats___________________（以便能看得）moreclearly.lPleasetakeyourumbrellawithyou________(万一)itrains/shouldrain.5．结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的主要连词有：so…that(如此……以致……),such…that(如此……以致……)等。注意★so+形容词/副词+that从句；such+　(adj)+名词+that从句.但是，当名词前有many,much,few,little(少)修饰时，要用so,不能用suchsuch+a/an+adj+n=so+adj+a/an+n.lWeleftin____ahurrythatweforgottolockthedoor.lThevillageis____smallthatitcannotbeshowninthemap.lJennyissuchaclevergirlthatalltheteacherslikeherverymuch.=Jennyis__________________________girlalltheteacherslikeherverymuch.lIhavehad________________(这么多)falls(摔跤)thatIamblackandblueallover.lHehasso__________________（朋友少）thatheoftenfeelslonely.lIhad_____littlemoneythenthatIcouldn’taffordalittlepresent.6．方式状语从句方式状语从句常由as（像…一样）,asif（仿佛，好像）=asthough（仿佛，好像）引导：lDoinRomeastheRomansdo.入乡随俗。lLeavethingsastheyare.让一切顺其自然。注意★由asif或asthough引导的从句中可用虚拟语气Shestoodatthedoorasif(=asthough)shewerewaitingforsomeone.7．条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的从属连词：(1)if;unless=(if...not如果不；除非......,否则......)；lItisknowntoallthat_____youexerciseregularly,youwon’tkeepgoodhealth.A.unlessB.wheneverC.althoughD.if(2)so/aslongas(只要);onlyif(3)once一旦(4)onconditionthat(条件是)，suppose/supposing（如果，），providedthat（如果）8．让步状语从句1.although/though(尽管，虽然)，eventhough/evenif(即使)引导的让步状语从句。Although/though可和yet,still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。lThoughheisinhissixties,______heworksashardasayoungman.A.yetB.butC.andD.andyetlAllowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,___theyaredifferentfromyourown.A.untilB.evenifC.unlessD.asthough2.as引导让步状语从句,用倒装:n./表语adj//adv状语/动词原形+as/though+S+VNotes:lChild____heis,hehaslearntadvancedmaths.A.whileB.asC.althoughD.Despite3.whether...or...（不管......还是…）;疑问词(when//how/what/who+ever=nomatter+疑问词重点：However+adj/adv+S+V：10 Whatever(+n)+S+V：lIfweworkhard,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,nomatter____greatitis.lIfweworkhard,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,____greatitis.lIfweworkhard,wecansolveanyproblem,____difficultythereis.lIfweworkhard,wecansolveanyproblem,nomatter____difficultitis.lA.whatB.howC.howeverD.whateverlTheoldtowermustbesaved,______thecostis.A．howeverB．whateverC．whicheverD．wherever4.while也可作从属连词，相当于althoughl__Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idolikehim.A.WhileB.AsC.BeforeD.Unless注意★:状语从句的省略现象：状语从句中如其主语与主句主语一致，而且从句动词中又含有be;或从句主语是itis/was时，则省略从句主语和be动词，或itis/was.1】.时间状语从句中常见的省略现象：While（_______）inBeijing,IpaidavisittotheSummerPalace.Iprefermymilkalittlesweetenedwhenever（______）possible.Shealwayssingswhile（______）doingherwork.As（________）achild,heusedtoswimintheriver.2】.条件状语从句中常见的省略现象：Cometomorrowif（________）possible.If（_________）so,youmustgobackandgetit.Unless（___________）repaired,themachineisofnouse,3】.方式状语从句中常见的省略现象Someflowersshutupatnightasif(___________)tosleepShestoodatthegateasif(____________)waitingforsomeone.Thewomanteacherlefttheclassroomsilentlyasthough(___________)angry.4】.其他状语从句的省略现象：Though（_______________）explainedmanytimes,hestillfeltpuzzled.9．比较状语从句①The+比较级，the+比较级②倍数句型：倍数+as….as…；倍数+比较级+than…；倍数+the+n(size/weight/length/width/height)of…倍数+n(pron)；倍数+thatof…；倍数+what从句10 题组训练A1._____shelikestheshort,butshecannotaffordit.A.MuchalthoughB.MuchasC./D.Although2._____timewentby,histheoryprovedcorrect.A.AsB.WithC.ForD.Because3.Young____heis,hehaslearntalotaboutcomputer.A.whileB.asC.althoughD.Despite4._____agrowingnumberofpeoplecanaffordacarnowadays,thismaycausemoreproblemsinvolvedintrafficaccidents.A.AsthoughB.WhileC.AsD.Evenif5.Theoldtowermustbesaved,______thecostis.A．howeverB．whateverC．whicheverD．wherever6.Though_____manytimes,hestillfeltpuzzled.A.toexplainB.explainedC.havingexplainedD.beingexplained7.Fatherwas________busyinworking__________heoftenforgotrestormeals.A.very,thatB.so,thatC.such,asD.enough,as8.Iwillneverforgetthatterribleaccident_________ithappenedsolongago.A.onlyifB.eventhoughC.onlywhenD.eversince9.—Shallwegoonworking?—Yes,______Iprefertohavearest.A.whenB.ifC.becauseD.though10.IusuallywatchTVintheevening____________Ihavetostudyforanexamination.A.becauseB.unlessC.whileD.themoment11.Marymadecoffee________herguestswereenjoyingtheirmeal.A.sothatB.althoughC.whileD.asif12.Themanpaid3timesasthewomanaskedfor.A.ashighapriceB.ashighasapriceC.ashighlyapriceD.asahighprice13．Peopleinthatcountryeatastheyactuallyneedeveryday.A.twicemeatasmuchB.twiceasmuchmeatC.astwicemuchmeatD.meatasmuchtwice14.I’llacceptanyjob,_____Idon’thavetogetupearly.A.eventhoughB.thoughC.incaseD.aslongas15.—Whydoyoudrinksomuchcoffee?—Well,_________itdoesn’tkeepmeawakeinthenights,Iseenoharminit.A.althoughB.ifC.unlessD.while16.Itistenyears____________Ilefthome.A.whenB.afterC.sinceD.as17.HespeaksEnglish_____________hespeakshismothertongue.A.sogoodasB.asgoodasC.sowellasD.aswell18.__________Isawthecomputer,Ishowedgreatinterestinit.A.AtfirstB.ForthefirsttimeC.UntilD.Thefirsttime19.Idon’tthinkyou’llbeabletounderstandthisformula(公式)____________youfinishschool.A.asifB.onlywhenC.evenD.evenwhen20.IoftenvisitedTian’anMenSquare____________IwasstayinginBeijing.10 A.untilB.duringC.whileD.throughout21.HealwaysthinksI’mwrong,_____________Imaysay.A.nomatterwhateverB.whateverC.whatD.that22.__________therainhasstopped,let’scontinuetowork.A.ForB.NowthatC.ThatD.Because23.----DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?----Yes.Igaveittoher______Isawher.A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once24.IknewMr.Green_____________IknewMrs.Green.A.longbeforeB.beforelongC.longagoD.afterlong25.__________oftenyouring,noonewillanswer.A.HowB.HoweverC.WhomD.Whenever26.Once____,itcanneverbeforgotten.A.seenB.toseeC.seeingD.havingseenThough_____manytimes,hestillfeltpuzzled.A.toexplainB.explainedC.havingexplainedD.beingexplained题组训练B1.hemetwiththedifficultydidherealizetheimportanceofourhelp．A．EventhoughB．NeveruntilC．OnlybeforeD．Eversince2.Theywaited_____itwasdarkbeforeleaving,____theydidn’twantanyonetoseethemleave.A.since;becauseB.until;asC.unless;forD.so;because3.—Takeacigarette,please.—No,thanks.It’sthreeyearsIsmoked.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when4．Ihaverealizedthetruthfrommylifestorythatsufferingkillsyou,itmakesyoustronger.A．thoughB．beforeC．ifD．unless5.----Areyousurethatheisabletodotheworkwell?----_______hecouldgivehismindtoit.A.IncaseB.IfonlyC.OnconditionthatD.Unless6.Wemusttakemeasurestoprotectendangeredwildlife___itistoolate.A.nowthatB.aslongasC.unlessD.before7.Whenyoudotheexperimentagain,bemorecareful____youmadeamistake.A.whenB.whyC.whereD.incase8．hesaidwasrighttoherandthatwaswhyshedecidedtomarryhimhappened.A．Nomatterthat;nomatterthatB．Whatever;whicheverC．Nomatterwhat;nomatterwhatD．Whatever;whatever9．—Thethreadofmykitebrokeanditflewaway．—Itoldyouitwouldeasilybreakitwastheweakest．A．whenB．thereC．thatD．where10．Youcan,theskyisclear,seeasfarastheoldtempleontopofthemountain,butnottoday.A．whenB．whereC．thoughD．because11．---WillyougotoTom"sbirthdaypartytomorrow?---No,_____invitedto.A.ifB.untilC.whenD.eventhough12.Thefamousscientistwasgoingout_____hefoundhimselfsurroundedbylotsofyoungpeople.10 A.whenB.beforeC.whileD.after13.______lifeinanewcountrycanbedifficult,itcanbroadenaperson’sviewoftheworld.A.If   B.As C.Because   D.While14.Itwasfiveo’clockintheafternoon____theyarrivedatthehotel.A.since    B.before   C.that    D.when15.______youdecidetotakeup,youshouldtrytomakeitasuccess.A.IfB.WheneverC.UnlessD.Whatever16.Itisfoolishtotakeataxiyoucaneasilywalktothestation.A.beforeB.thatC.unlessD.when17.Wemadeadecision__________thereshouldberain,wewouldstayathome.A.thatB.ifC.thatifD.whether18.___________problemsyouhave,youcanalwayscometomeforhelp.A.WhatB.WhateverC.WhicheverD.Which19.____________,Iamsurethattheboyishonest.A.WhateverpeoplesayB.NomatterpeoplesayC.WhatpeoplesayD.Itdoesn’tmatterpeoplesay20.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecansolveanyproblem,_______harditis.A.whatB.howC.howeverD.whatever21.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver__________howseriousthepollutionwas.A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didn’tthevillagersrealize22.Itwas__________itrainedheavilythattheydidn’tcome.A.asB.becauseC.forD.since23.Try_______hemight,hecouldn’tgetoutofdifficulty.A.whenB.whereC.tillD.as题组训练C(高考题组)1.Iwon’tcallyou,________somethingunexpectedhappens.（全国卷I）A.unlessB.whetherC.becauseD.while2.Weallknowthat,__________,thesituationwillgetworse.（全国卷I）A.notifdealtcarefullywithB.ifnotcarefullydealtwithC.ifdealtnotcarefullywithD.notifcarefullydealtwith3.____hehadnothurthisleg,Johnwouldhavewontherace.（全国卷II）A.IfB.SinceC.ThoughD.When4.Popmusicissuchanimportantpartofsociety___ithaseveninfluencedourlanguage.（上海卷）A.asB.thatC.whichD.where5.Smallsailboatscaneasilyturnoverinthewater___theyarenotmanagedcarefully.（上海卷）A.thoughB.beforeC.untilD.if6.________Ireallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.（山东卷）A．AsB．SinceC．IfD．While7.ThefieldresearchwilltakeJoanandPaulaboutfivemonths;itwillbealongtime_____wemeetthemagain.（安徽卷）A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.when8.Leaveyourkeywithaneighbor___youlockyourselfoutoneday（北京卷）A.eversinceB.evenifC.soonafterD.incase9.—Where’sthatreport?—Ibroughtittoyou____youwereinMr.Black’sofficeyesterday.（北京卷）A.ifB.whenC.becauseD.before10 10.Theengineersaresobusythattheyhavezerotimeforoutdoorsportsactivities,________theyhavetheinterest.（安徽）A.whereverB.wheneverC.evenifD.asif11.Mostbirdsfinditsafetosleepinthetrees,but________theyhaveeggsoryoungchicks,theydon’tuseanest.（湖南卷）A.whyB.howC.unlessD.where12.Hewastoldthatitwouldbeatleastthreemoremonths___________hecouldrecoverandreturntowork.（江西卷）A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.that13.thereisasnowstormorsomeotherbadweather,themailalwayscomesontime.（上海春）A．BecauseB．IfC．WhenD．Unless14.tomorrow,ourshipwillsetsailforMacao.（上海春）A．HowevertheweatherislikeB．HoweveristheweatherlikeC．WhateveristheweatherlikeD．Whatevertheweatherislike15.Itisdifficultforustolearnalessoninlife__we’veactuallyhadthatlesson.（天津卷）A.untilB.afterC.sinceD.when16.Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice,_______theyknewittobevaluable.（浙江卷）A.asifB.nowthatC.eventhoughD.sothat17.Myparentsliveinasmallvillage.Theyalwayskeepcandlesinthehouse_____thereisapowerout.（重庆卷）A.ifB.unlessC.incaseD.sothat18.Wehadtowaithalfanhour_____wehadalreadybookedatable.（辽宁卷）A.sinceB.althoughC.untilD.before19—Ourholidaycostalotofmoney.—Didit?Well,thatdoesn’tmatter______youenjoyedyourselves.（全国Ⅰ）AaslongasBunlessCassoonasDthough20.youmayhave,youshouldgatheryourcouragetofacethechallenge.(上海秋季卷)A.HoweveraseriousproblemB.WhataseriousproblemC.HoweverseriousaproblemD.Whatseriousaproblem21.(上海春季卷,)somepeoplestayedhereforashortbreak,othershavedecidedtostayforever.A．BecauseB．IfC．OnceD．While22.—Haveyougotanyideaforthesummervacation?（全国I卷）—Idon’tmindwherewego______there’ssun,seaandbeach.A.asifB.aslongasC.nowthatD.inorderthat23.-Doyouhaveaminute?I’vegotsomethingtotellyou.-Ok,_youmakeitshort（安徽）.A.nowthatB.ifonlyC.solongasD.everytime24.（13重庆）_____wehaveenoughevidence,wecan’twinthecase.A.OnceB.AslongasC.UnlessD.Since25.Nancyenjoyedherselfsomuch______shevisitedherfriendsinSydneylastyear.（福建卷）A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where26._____theInternetisofgreathelp，Idon’tthinkit’sagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeonit.（湖南卷）A.IfB.WhileC.BecauseD.As27.Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,_____hiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.（山东卷）10 A.thoughB.forC.butD.so28.You’dbetternotleavethemedicine______kidscangetatit.（山东卷）A.evenifB.whichC.whereD.sothat29.______hungryIam,Ineverseemtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.（辽宁卷）A.WhateverB.WheneverC.WhereverD.However30.Iusedtolovethatfilm_Iwasachild,butIdon’tfeelitthatwayanymore.（辽宁卷）A.onceB.whenC.sinceD.although31.Asmallcarisbigenoughforafamilyofthree___youneedmorespaceforbaggage.(全国II)A.onceB.becauseC.ifD.unless32.Thereweresomechairsleftover_____everyonehadsatdown.(四川卷)A.whenB.untilC.thatD.where33.Don’tpromiseanything______youareonehundredpercentsure.（浙江卷）A.whetherB.afterC.howD.unless34.—DidyoureturnFred’scall?（北京卷）—Ididn’tneedto____I’llseehimtomorrow.A.thoughB.unlessC.whenD.because35.I’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong,butit’llstillbesometime____Briangetsback.（北京卷）A.beforeB.sinceC.tillD.after36.We’llhaveapicnicintheparkthisSunday_____itrainsorit’sverycold.（天津卷）A.sinceB.ifC.unlessD.until37.---AreyoureadyforSpain？(上海卷)   --Yes,Iwantthegirlstoexperiencethat___theyareyoung.A.whileB.untilC.ifD.before38. ___wellpreparedyouare,youstillneedalotofluckinmountainclimbing.(上海卷)A.howeverB.whateverC.nomatterD.although39.Thegirlhadhardlyrungthebellthedoorwasopenedsuddenly,andherfriendrushedouttogreether.（福建）A.beforeB.untilC.asD.since40.ourmanagerobjectstoTom"sjoiningtheclub,weshallaccepthimasamember.（上海）A.UntilB.UnlessC.IfD.After41.Theschoolrulesstatethatnochildshallbeallowedoutoftheschoolduringtheday,accompaniedbyanadult.(山东卷)A.onceB.whenC.ifD.unless答案训练A10 训练B高考题10