小学英语语法大全（6） 3页

第17讲听力人类交际中80％以上是通过口头进行的，而听懂对方的话语是进行有效交际的前提和关键。因此，听力至关重要，它位于“听说读写”四种能力之首。英语听力测试一般有以下题型：1．听音辨词2．听录音给图或句子排序3．听问句选答句4．听短文或对话进行选择或判断5．听录音填空第18讲话题1、介绍MynameisTom.I’mGaoShan.ThisisDavid.Themaninawhitecoatismyfather.2、问候、告别Hello!/Hi!Goodmorning!/Goodafternoon!/Goodevening!Howareyou?---Fine,thankyou./Notbad,thankyou./Notsogood.Nicetomeetyou.---Nicetomeetyou,too.Howdoyoudo?---Howdoyoudo?Goodbye!/Bye!/Bye-Bye!Seeyou(tomorrow/later).Goodnight.3、谈论人或物What’syourname?/Yourname,please?Whoishe?What’sthisinEnglish?Howoldareyou?Whereareyoufrom?/AreyoufromtheUSA?What’syourjob?Whatisshe?4、请求、劝告、建议、征求MayIcomein?CanIhavealook?Yes./Sure.Sorry,youcan’t.Don’tforgettoclosethewindows.Wemustgohomenow.Let’sgotoschool.Shallwegonow?Whydon’tyoubuyanewone?Whataboutacupoftea?Wouldyoulikeahamburger?Whatwouldyoulike?Yes,please./Yes,I’dliketo./Yes,I’dloveto. No,thanks.5、道歉、感谢、赞扬Excuseme.Sorry./I’msorry.---That’sOK/allright./It’sdoesn’tmatter.Thanks./Thankyou./Thankyouverymuch.Notatall./You‘rewelcome./It’smypleasure.It’spretty/smart/nice.Hownice!6、询问时间、星期及日期What’sthetime?/whattimeisitnow?---It’stwelveo’clock.It’stimetohavelunch.Whatdayisittoday?---It’sSunday/Monday/Tuesday/Wednesday/Thursday/Friday.Whatdateisittoday?---It’sthe12thofJuly.7、购物CanIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?/Whatwouldyoulike?---I’dlikea/an/some…Anythingelse?Whatabouttheredone?Howmanykilos?---Fivekilos,please.Howmuchisit/arethey?---It’s/They’retwentyyuan.Here’syourchange.8、打电话Hello,mayIspeaktoNancy?---ThisisNancyspeaking.IsthatTom(speaking)?---Yes,thisisTomspeaking.Who’sthat(speaking)?---It’sLiuTaohere.Waitforaminutes./Holdon,please.Sorry,sheisn’tin.9、问路、指路Excuseme.Where’sthenearestpostoffice？HowcanIgettothenearestpostoffice?Canyoushow/tellmethewaytothenearestpostoffice?Howfaristhenearestpostofficefromhere?Howmanystopsarethere?Goalongthisroadandthenturnright/leftatthethirdcrossing.Thepostofficeisonyourright/left.It’soverthere.NeartheBankofChina.YoucantakebusNo.8andgetoffatthethirdstop.Sorry,Idon’tknow.Youcanaskthepoliceman.11、谈论兴趣爱好Doyouhaveanyhobbies?What’syourhobby?Doyoulikeswimming?I(don’t)likeswimming.Wehavethesamehobby.12、谈论天气What’stheweatherliketoday?Howistheweather?It’ssunny/rainy/cloudy/windy/warm/cool/hot/cold.Whichseasondoyoulikebest? 13、询问和表达感觉What’sthematter?/What’swrongwithyou?/Howdoyoufeelnow?I’mtired./Ifeelill./I’vegotabadcough.I’msorrytoherethat./Ihopeyougetbettersoon.Takesomemedicineandhavealotofrest.Here’ssomemedicineforyou.Icangetsomefruitforyou14、谈论节日When’sChristmas?---It’sonthe25thofDecember.WhatdopeopleusuallydoonChristmasday?What’syourfavouriteholiday?第19讲构词法英语中的三种主要构词法：1、合成法：由两个或更多的词合成一个词。如：basket（篮子）+ball（球）＝basketball（篮球）post（邮寄）＋office（办公室）＝postoffice（邮局）pencil（铅笔）＋box（盒子）＝pencil-box（文具盒）2、派生法：由词根加前缀或后缀构成一个新词。如：un+usual（寻常）=unusual（不寻常）usual（寻常）+ly=usually（寻常地）3、转化法：由一种词性转化为另一种词性。如：water水（名词）―――water浇水（动词）light灯（名词）―――light轻的（形容词）book书（名词）―――book预订（动词）hand手（名词）―――hand上交（动词）