某小学英语语法报告 5页

小学英语语法总结（含练习部分）一、名词复数规则      1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds      2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches      3．以“辅音字母y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries      4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives]      Leaf——leaves      5．不规则名词复数：      man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,      child-children      foot-feet,.tooth-teeth      fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese      写出下列各词的复数      I_________him_________this___________her______      watch_______child_______photo________diary______      day________foot________book_______dress________      tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____      peach______sandwich______dish_______bus_______      man______woman_______      二、一般现在时      一般现在时基本用法介绍      【No.1】一般现在时的功能      1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。      2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我天天六点起床。      3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。      一般现在时的构成      1.be动词：主语be(am,is,are)其它。如：      Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。      2.行为动词：主语行为动词(其它)。如：      WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。      当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。      【No.2】一般现在时的变化      1.be动词的变化。      否定句：主语benot其它。      如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。      一般疑问句：Be主语其它。      如：-Areyouastudent?      -Yes.Iam./No,I"mnot.      非凡疑问句：疑问词一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?2.行为动词的变化。      否定句：主语don"t(doesn"t)动词原形(其它)。如：      Idon"tlikebread.      当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn"t构成否定句。如：      Hedoesn"toftenplay.      一般疑问句：Do(Does)主语动词原形其它。如：      -Doyouoftenplayfootball?      -Yes,Ido./No,Idon"t.      当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：      -Doesshegotoworkby bike?      -Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn"t.      动词s的变化规则      1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks      2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes      3．以“辅音字母y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies      一般现在时用法专练:      一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数      drink________go_______stay________make________      look_________have_______pass_______carry____      come________watch______plant_______fly________      study_______brush________do_________teach_______      wash_______      二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。      1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.      2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.      3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.      4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.      5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?      6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?      7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?      8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.      9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.      10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.      11.Mike_______(like)cooking.      12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.      13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.      14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.      15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.      16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.      17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.      18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.      19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.      20.－Whatday_______(be)ittoday?      －It’sSaturday      三、现在进行时      1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be动词ing.      3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。      4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。      5．现在进行时的非凡疑问的基本结构为：      疑问词不达意be主语动词ing?      但疑问词当主语时其结构为：      疑问词不达意be动词ing?      动词加ing的变化规则      1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking      2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting      3．假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping      现在进行时专项练习：      一、写出下列动词的现在分词：      play________run__________swim _________make__________      go_________like________write_________ski___________      read________have_________sing________dance_________      put_________see________buy_________love____________      live_______take_________come________get_________      stop_________sit________begin________shop___________      二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：      1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.      2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.      3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.      4.What_____you______(do)now?      5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.      6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.      7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.      8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.      9.It’s5o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow      10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.      四、将来时理论及练习      一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。      二、基本结构：①begoingtodo；      ②willdo.      三、否定句：在be动词（am,is,are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。      例如：I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、同义句：begoingto=will      Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.      练习：      填空。      1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。      I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.      I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.      2.我们将要学习英语      We_____________________learnEnglish.      We________learnEnglish.      五、一般过去时      1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。      2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：      ⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。（wasnot=wasn’t）      ⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（werenot=weren’t）      3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子      否定句：didn’t动词原形，如：Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.      动词过去式变化规则：      1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：work__-worked,cook-cooked      2．结尾是e加d，如：live____lived      3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped      4．以“辅音字母y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied      5．不规则动词过去式：      am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,swim-swam, sit-sat      过去时练习      写出下列动词的过去式      isam_________plant________are________      drink_________play_______go________make________      does_________dance________worry________ask_____      taste_________eat__________put______      kick_________pass_______do________      Be动词的过去时练习（1）      Name____________No.______Date__________      一、用be动词的适当形式填空      1.I_______atschooljustnow.      2.He________atthecamplastweek.      3.We________studentstwoyearsago.      4.They________onthefarmamomentago.      5.YangLing________elevenyearsoldlastyear.      6.There________anappleontheplateyesterday.7.There________somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.      8.Themobilephone_______onthesofayesterdayevening.      一、用be动词的适当形式填空      1.I______anEnglishteachernow.      2.She_______happyyesterday.      3.They_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.      行为动词的过去时练习（2）      Name____________No.______Date__________      一、用be动词的适当形式填空      1.I______(watch)acartoononSaturday.      2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.      3.We_________tozooyesterday,we_____tothepark.(go)      4.______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?      5.______he_______(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he______.      6.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.      7.I____________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______.      8.What______she_______(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She__________(find)abeautifulbutterfly.      六、人称代词和物主代词      主格宾格形容词性名词性      Imemymine      youyouyouryours      hehimhishis      sheherherhers      itititsits      weusourours      theythemtheirtheirs      习题      一.用所给词的适当形式填空      1.Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but_________isverybig.(I)      2.Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.(she)      3.Isthis_________watch?(you)No,it’snot_________.(I)      4._________ismybrother._________nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare_________.(he)      二、用am,is,are填空      1.I______aboy.______youaboy?No,I_____not.       2.Thegirl______Jack"ssister.      3.Thedog_______tallandfat.      4.Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher.      5.______yourbrotherintheclassroom?      6.Where_____yourmother?She______athome.      7.How_______yourfather?      8.MikeandLiuTao______atschool.      9.Whosedress______this?      10.Whosesocks______they?