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小学英语语法总结(含练习部分)一、名词复数规则 1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds 2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches 3.以“辅音字母y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries 4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:knife-knives] Leaf——leaves 5.不规则名词复数: man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen, child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese 写出下列各词的复数 I_________him_________this___________her______ watch_______child_______photo________diary______ day________foot________book_______dress________ tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____ peach______sandwich______dish_______bus_______ man______woman_______ 二、一般现在时 一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No.1】一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:Igetupatsixeveryday.我天天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如:Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成 1.be动词:主语be(am,is,are)其它。如: Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词:主语行为动词(其它)。如: WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 【No.2】一般现在时的变化 1.be动词的变化。 否定句:主语benot其它。 如:Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句:Be主语其它。 如:-Areyouastudent? -Yes.Iam./No,I"mnot. 非凡疑问句:疑问词一般疑问句。如:Whereismybike?2.行为动词的变化。 否定句:主语don"t(doesn"t)动词原形(其它)。如: Idon"tlikebread. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn"t构成否定句。如: Hedoesn"toftenplay. 一般疑问句:Do(Does)主语动词原形其它。如: -Doyouoftenplayfootball? -Yes,Ido./No,Idon"t. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如: -Doesshegotoworkby
bike? -Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn"t. 动词s的变化规则 1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks 2.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes 3.以“辅音字母y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:study-studies 一般现在时用法专练: 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink________go_______stay________make________ look_________have_______pass_______carry____ come________watch______plant_______fly________ study_______brush________do_________teach_______ wash_______ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome. 2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne. 3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday. 4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday. 5.______they________(like)theWorldCup? 6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays? 7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday? 8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays. 9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening. 10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle. 11.Mike_______(like)cooking. 12.They_______(have)thesamehobby. 13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully. 14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell. 15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed. 16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday. 17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE. 18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening. 19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm. 20.-Whatday_______(be)ittoday? -It’sSaturday 三、现在进行时 1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be动词ing. 3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 5.现在进行时的非凡疑问的基本结构为: 疑问词不达意be主语动词ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为: 疑问词不达意be动词ing? 动词加ing的变化规则 1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking 2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making,taste-tasting 3.假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running,stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习: 一、写出下列动词的现在分词: play________run__________swim
_________make__________ go_________like________write_________ski___________ read________have_________sing________dance_________ put_________see________buy_________love____________ live_______take_________come________get_________ stop_________sit________begin________shop___________ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空: 1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow. 2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom. 3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow. 4.What_____you______(do)now? 5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson. 6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow. 7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom. 8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic. 9.It’s5o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow 10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis. 四、将来时理论及练习 一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等。 二、基本结构:①begoingtodo; ②willdo. 三、否定句:在be动词(am,is,are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。 例如:I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、同义句:begoingto=will Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow(明天).=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow. 练习: 填空。 1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends. I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends. 2.我们将要学习英语 We_____________________learnEnglish. We________learnEnglish. 五、一般过去时 1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化: ⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。(wasnot=wasn’t) ⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(werenot=weren’t) 3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句:didn’t动词原形,如:Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday. 动词过去式变化规则: 1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:work__-worked,cook-cooked 2.结尾是e加d,如:live____lived 3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped 4.以“辅音字母y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied 5.不规则动词过去式: am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,swim-swam,
sit-sat 过去时练习 写出下列动词的过去式 isam_________plant________are________ drink_________play_______go________make________ does_________dance________worry________ask_____ taste_________eat__________put______ kick_________pass_______do________ Be动词的过去时练习(1) Name____________No.______Date__________ 一、用be动词的适当形式填空 1.I_______atschooljustnow. 2.He________atthecamplastweek. 3.We________studentstwoyearsago. 4.They________onthefarmamomentago. 5.YangLing________elevenyearsoldlastyear. 6.There________anappleontheplateyesterday.7.There________somemilkinthefridgeonSunday. 8.Themobilephone_______onthesofayesterdayevening. 一、用be动词的适当形式填空 1.I______anEnglishteachernow. 2.She_______happyyesterday. 3.They_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth. 行为动词的过去时练习(2) Name____________No.______Date__________ 一、用be动词的适当形式填空 1.I______(watch)acartoononSaturday. 2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight. 3.We_________tozooyesterday,we_____tothepark.(go) 4.______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival? 5.______he_______(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he______. 6.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday. 7.I____________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______. 8.What______she_______(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She__________(find)abeautifulbutterfly. 六、人称代词和物主代词 主格宾格形容词性名词性 Imemymine youyouyouryours hehimhishis sheherherhers itititsits weusourours theythemtheirtheirs 习题 一.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but_________isverybig.(I) 2.Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.(she) 3.Isthis_________watch?(you)No,it’snot_________.(I) 4._________ismybrother._________nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare_________.(he) 二、用am,is,are填空 1.I______aboy.______youaboy?No,I_____not.
2.Thegirl______Jack"ssister. 3.Thedog_______tallandfat. 4.Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher. 5.______yourbrotherintheclassroom? 6.Where_____yourmother?She______athome. 7.How_______yourfather? 8.MikeandLiuTao______atschool. 9.Whosedress______this? 10.Whosesocks______they?