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新课标2016高考英语语法填空解题策略及解题思路

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新课标2016高考英语语法填空解题策略及解题思路。新课标高考英语语法填空解题策略及解题思路。(附2007-2015年高考英语语法填空真题)★无提示词的解题技巧技巧1名词/代词/动名词前设空,首先考虑限定词。a,an,the,my,your,his,which,whose,one’s,some,any,one,each,either,neither,another,other等例1.Iwonder__which_____teamwouldwin,BlackorRed?技巧2 及物动词后设空,此处缺宾语或宾语从句。应考虑名词,代词或宾语从句连接词。例1.Ifound____it____difficulttoexplaintohimwhathadhappened.技巧3 分析句子关系,正确使用____连接词____例1.Putthebookback____where_____itwas.★有提示词的解题技巧技巧1:首先要分析该空的句子成分, 再确定__词性和词形_。Iameagertosharemy_happiness____(happy)withyou.技巧2:句中缺失谓语,要考虑___时态和语态________ 。例1.Thefirstcard___wasdesigned________(design)bytheboylastweek.技巧3 :若提示词是动词,在句中不做谓语,需优先考虑____非谓语动词todo,doing,done  ___________________。例1.____Tocatch____(catch)thetrain,theboyisrunninglikeawildhorse.技巧4:adj. 或adv.最常考,___词形变换和级别____最重要。例1.Youhavemademuch____greater____(great)progressinEnglish.语篇型语法填空题备考思路大致有如下特点:语法填空题专项训练范例12 语篇型语法填空题的形式为:在一篇200词左右的语篇(短文或对话)中留出10处空白,部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式,要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式,所填写词语不得多于3个单词。考生须灵活运用语法知识,如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。  一、给出动词基本形态,填写词性词形转化(转为名词、形容词),或填写谓语部分,可能需要填写两个或三个词,或是填写非谓语动词;  二、给出形容词,需要填写比较级、最高级,或词性词形转化,转化为副词,或是填写反义词(前缀);  三、给出副词,填写比较级、最高级,或是填写反义词;  四、不给提示词,主要填写介词、连词、冠词和代词。  有提示词:考查谓语动词非谓语动词形容词副词  无提示词:考查冠词介词连词代词  2015年最新真题  (新课标一)  第二节阅读下面材料,用不多于1 个单词的正确形式填空  Yangshuo,China  ItwasraininglightlywhenI__61_________________(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn’tcare.Afewhours__62______________,I’dbeenathomeinHongKong,with__63__________(it)chokingsmog.Here,theairwascleanandfresh,evenwiththerain.  I’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver_64_________________arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese_65________________(painting).Instead,I‘dheadstraightforYangshuo.ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it’sonlyanhouraway__66_______________carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.  Yangshuo__67_______________(be)reallybeautiful.Astudyoftravelers_68____________(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.AndthetownisfastbecomingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleinAsia.Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysit_69_________________(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople_70__________________(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.  【答案】12   61.arrived62.before/earlier63.its64.that/which  65.paintings66.by67.is68.conducted{C}{C}  {C}69.regularly70.living  【解析】  试题分析:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者到中国阳朔游玩的经历和感受。  61.arrived 句意:就在天亮之前我到了阳朔,天下着小雨。根据前后句时态可知用一般过去时。  62.before/earlier 句意:几个小时前,我在香港家里。注意不可以用ago。  63.its 句意:带着窒息的烟雾。后面为名词,故用it’s。  64.that/which 句意:漓江被许多艺术家所绘画。考查定语从句。先行词为LiRiver,在从句中作主语.  65.paintings 句意:在如此多的中国绘画中。painting为可数名词,注意用复数形式。  66.by 句意:乘汽车只需要1个小时。bycar乘汽车。  67.is 句意:阳朔真的很漂亮。这里用一般现在时。  68.conducted句意:一项网站所进行的调查。过去分词作后置定语,表示被动关系。  69.regularly 句意:定期为人们安排这里适合旅行的地方。修饰动词,用副词修饰。  70.living 句意:住在上海和香港的人们。现在分词作后置定语。  2015年最新真题  (新课标二)第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Theadobedwellings(土坯房)61____________(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven 62__________mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir 63____________(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithout 64________(use)electricequipment.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat_65_________(slow)duringcool12 nights,thuswarningthehouse.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough__66_______(cool)thehouseduringthehotday;__67_______thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenightThiscycle_68_______(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandthusalwaysatimelyoffset(抵消)fortheoutsidetemperatures.As__69_____________(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly__70___________thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.  参考答案:  61.built62the63.ability  64.using 介词without后接动名词use去掉字母e再加-ing。  65.slowly 用slow的副词形式slowly修饰动词giveout.  66.tocool 形容词加enough后接不定式。  67.atatthesametime是固定词组。  68.goes 根据上下文,此处用一般现在时态。这种循环日复一日。  69.natural 形容词做定语修饰名词architects。  70.how 根据句意,应用how修饰形容词thick,连接宾语{C}{C}{C}{C}  {C}{C}从句。  2014年最新真题  (新课标一)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)  阅读下列材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。  Areyoufacingasituationthatlooksimpossibletofix?  In1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland,Ohio.It61________(be)unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriverwassopollutedthatit62__________(actual)caughtfireandburned.Now,yearslater,thisriverisoneof63__________mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.  Buttheriverwasn’tchangedinafewdays64__________evenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofwork65__________(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris66__________(clean)thanever.12   Maybeyouarefacinganimpossiblesituation.Maybeyouhaveahabit67_____________isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.Possiblyyoudrinktoomuchordon’tknowhowtocontrolyourcreditcarduse.Whenyoufacesuchanimpossiblesituation,don’tyouwantaquickfixandsomethingtochangeimmediately?  Whilethereare68______________(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthe69______________(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.Justbe70______________(patience).  参考答案:  was;actually;the;or;toreduce;cleaner;that/which;amazing;changes;patient.  (2014新课标二)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)  阅读下列材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。  Onemorning,Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedabout61_____________(be)lateforschool.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,62_______________someofthemlookedveryanxiousand63_______________(disappoint).Whenthebusfinallycame,weallhurriedonboard.Igotaplacenext64_______________thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalk.Aboyonabike65_____________(catch)myattention.Hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefused66________________(stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.Still,theboykept67______________(ride).Hewascarryingsomethingoverhisshoulderandshouting.Finally,whenwecametothenextstop,theboyranuptothedoorofthebus.Iheardanexcitedconversation.Thenthedriverstoopupandasked,“68________________anyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop?”Awomanonthebusshouted,“Ohdear!Itis69________________(I)”.Shepushedherwaytothedriverandtothelittleboy.Everyoneonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddone.Andthepassengers70_____________(sudden)becamefriendlytooneanother.  参考答案:  being;and;disappointed;to;caught;tostop;riding;Did;me/mine;suddenly.2014对话体(2014年新课标全国卷《考试说明》样题)Mum:(puttingonhercoat)I"mgoingtohavetogodowntotheshopformorebread.Alan:Why?12   Mum:I"mnotsurewhat 1 (happen).Imadesomesandwichesearlierandleftthemonthetable 2 Iwenttoanswerthephone.Butsomeonemusthavetakenthembecausethey"re 3 (go).  Alan:Oh,itmusthavebeenDad.I"msurehewasinthekitchen 4 (early).  Mum:No,hewentofftohistennismatchbeforeIfinished 5 (make)them,sohecouldn"thavedoneit. 6 ,hecouldn"tcarryaplateofsandwichesaswellasallhistennisstuff,soI"msure 7 wasn"thim.  Alan:(openingthefridgedoor)Well,itwasn"tme.ButMum,look!Aretheseyoursandwicheshereonthebottomshelfof 8 fridge?  Mum:Aretheythere?Oh,mygoodness.I 9 haveputthemintherewhenthephonerang.Oh,dear.Ireallymustbelosingmy 10 .Now,whydidIputonmycoat?  【答案与解析】  这是一篇对话。妈妈健忘,她接电话回来时,认为面包被人拿走了,故穿上大衣要去买面包。结果阿兰发现她把面包放进了冰箱里。妈妈在知道面包在冰箱时,竟然又忘了自己为什么要穿上大衣……。  1.happened考查动词时态。根据语境分析,该句句意:我不确定出什么事了。happen是指过去的动作,故用过去时态。  2.when考查连词。根据语境分析,该句句意为:我早就做好了些三明治,把它们放在桌子上,此时就去接电话了。when在此处为并列连词,意为“这时;此时”。while当……时,从句谓语动词多为延续性,且在句中不能修饰句子谓语动词made…andleft…,故不用while引导时间状语从句。  3.gone考查分词形容词。由上文的Butsomeonemusthavetakenthem 即可分析,后面解释的原因该是:因为面包不见了。而动词go的过去分词形式gone恰好可认为是形容词,含有“离去的;不见的;过去的”之意。故填入gone。  4.earlier 考查形容词。由上文的Oh,itmusthavebeenDad.分析,I"msurehewasinthekitchen是在“之前”。故该填入形容词early的比较级earlier,表示“之前,早些时候”,符合语境。  5.making考查非谓语动词。由句式结构和遣词造句分析,finish后需接动名词作宾语。故填入动词make的动名词形式。12   6.Anyway/Besides考查副词。句意:无论如何,他也不可能除了带上网球用品外,再带上一盘子三明治,因此我敢肯定不是他。根据语境可知anyway符合句意,而副词besides含有“此外”之意,也符合语境,但两个单词在书写时必须首字母大写。  7.it考查代词。由上文的Oh,itmusthavebeenDad.的语境也可分析,此处该用人称代词it,即强调“心中所指”的人。  8.the考查冠词。此处为特定的表达,即特指家里的冰箱,故用定冠词the。  9.must考查情态动词。由上文的语境leftthemonthetable也可分析,此处该是表示对过去的肯定推测,故用musthavedone,即表示“对过去事情的肯定推测”。此句句意:电话响的时候,我一定是把它们放在那里了。故填入情态动词must。  10.mind/memory根据语境可知,妈妈什么都不记得了,故认为自己失去了“记忆  语法填空专练  2013广东高考真题  Oneday,Nickinvitedhisfriendstosupper.Hewascookingsomedeliciousfoodinthekitchen.Suddenly,he 1 (find)thathehadrunoutofsalt.SoNickcalledtohisson,“Gotothevillageandbuysomesalt,butpayafairpriceforit;neithertoomuch 2 toolittle.”  Hissonlookedsurprised.“IcanunderstandwhyIshouldn’tpaytoomuch,Father,butifIcanpayless, 3 notsaveabitofmoney?”  “Thatwouldbeavery 4 (reason)thingtodoinabigcity,butitcoulddestroyasmallvillagelikeours,”Nicksaid.  Nick’sguests, 5 hadheardtheirconversation,askedwhytheyshouldnotbuysaltmorecheaplyiftheycould.Nickreplied,“Theonlyreasonamanwouldsellsalt 6 alowerpricewouldbebecausehewasdesperateformoney.Andanyonewhotookadvantageofthatsituationwouldbeshowingalackofrespect 7 thesweatandstruggleofthemanwhoworkedveryhardtoproduceit.”  “Butsuchasmallthingcouldn’t 8 (possible)destroyavillage.”  “Inthebeginning,therewasonly 9 verysmallamountofunfairnessintheworld,buteveryoneaddedalittle,always 10 (think)thatitwasonlysmallandnotveryimportant,andlookwherewehaveendeduptoday.”参考答案  2013广东高考真题12   1.found2. nor3. why4. reasonable5. who  6.at 7. for8. possibly9. a10. thinking  2012广东高考真题  Marywillneverforgetthefirsttimeshesawhim.Hesuddenlyappearedinclassoneday,__1_____(wear)sunglasses.Hewalkedinasifhe__2____(buy)theschool,andthewordquicklygotaroundthathewasfromNewYorkCity.  ForsomereasonhesatbesideMary.Maryfelt__3___(please),becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom.Butshequicklyrealizedthatitwasn’ther,itwasprobablythefactthatshesatin__4___lastrow.  ___5_____hethoughthecouldescapeattentionbysittingattheback,hewaswrong.Itmighthavemadeitalittle__6____(hard)foreverybodybecauseitmeanttheyhadtoturnaround,butthatdidn’tstopthekidsintheclass.Ofcoursewhenevertheyturnedtolookathim,theyhadtolookatMary,_7____madeherfeellikeastar.  “Doyouneedthoseglassesformedicalreasons?”theteacherasked.Thenewboyshookhishead.”ThenI’dappreciateitifyoudidn’tweartheminclass.IliketolookatyoureyeswhenI’mspeakingtoyou.”Thenewboylookedattheteacher__8____afewsecondsandalltheotherstudentswondered__9____theboywoulddo.Thenhetook__10____off,gaveabigsmileandsaid“Thatiscool."  2012广东高考真题  1.wearing 2.hadbought 3.pleased 4.the 5.Although/Though/if  6.harder 7.which 8.for 9.what 10.them  2011广东高考真题  OneSundaymorninginAugustIwenttoalocalmusicfestival.IleftitearlybecauseIhadanappointment__1__(late)thatday.Myfriendswalkedmetothebusstopandwaitedwithme__2__thebusarrived.Igotonthebusandfoundaseatneartheback,andthenInoticedaman__3__(sit)atthefront.He__4__(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.Hemustbe__5__(mental)disabled.  Behindhimwereotherpeopleto__6__hewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutes__7__walkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.12   Ididn’twanttobelaughedatfortalkingtohimbutIdidn’tlikeleavinghim__8__hisowneither.AfterawhileIrosefrommyseatandwalkedtothefrontofthebus.Isatnexttothemanandintroducedmyself.Wehad__9__amazingconversation.HegotoffthebusbeforemeandIfeltveryhappytherestofthewayhome.I’mgladImadeachoice.Itmade__10__ofusfeelgood.  2011广东高考真题  1. later2.until/till3.sitting4.waspretending5.mentally  6.whom7.they8.on9.an10.both  2010广东高考真题  Ayoungman,whiletravelingthroughadesert,cameacrossaspringofclearwater.__1__waterwassweet.Hefilledhisleathercontainersothathecouldbringsomebacktoanelder__2__hadbeenhisteacher.Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman__3__(present)thewatertotheoldman.Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled__4__(warm),andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.Theyoungmanwenthome__5__ahappyheart.  Afterthestudentleft,theteacherlet__6__studenttastethewater.Hespititout,__7__(say)itwasawful.Apparently,itwasnolongerfreshbecauseoftheoldleathercontainer.Heaskedhisteacher,"Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike__8__?"Theteacherreplied,"Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe__9__(sweet)."Weunderstandthislessonbest__10__wereceivegiftsoflovefromchildren.Whetheritisacheappipeoradiamondnecklace,theproperresponseisappreciation.Welovetheideawithinthegiftratherthanthething.  2010广东高考真题  1. The2.who3.presented4.warmly5.with  6.another7.saying8.it9.sweeter10.when  2009广东高考真题  Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficult__1__wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.Shewishedthathewasaseasy__2__(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot__3__pleasantexperience:peoplesteppedonyourfeetor__4__(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部),hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.Janepausedinfrontofacounter__5__someattractivetieswereondisplay.“Theyarerealsilk,”theassistanttriedtoattracther.“Worthdoubletheprice.”ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather__6__(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleased12 herfather.Janestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgathered.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes__7__sale.Shedidnothesitateforlong:althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease__8__.WhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutwell-chosenpresentinherbag,herparentswerealready__9__tablehavingsupper.Hermotherwasexcited.“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane__10__(inform).  2009广东高考真题  1. it2.toplease3.a4.pushed5.where  6.choice7.on8.him9.at10.wasinformed  2008广东高考真题  ChineseproverbsarerichandtheyarestillwidelyusedinChinesepeople’sdailylife.__1__theseproverbsthereareofteninterestingstories.Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop__2__(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.Itissaidthatashort—temperedmanintheSongDynasty(960—1279)wasveryanxioustohelp__3__ricecropgrowupquickly.Hewasthinkingabout__4__dayandnight.Butthecropwasgrowingmuchslowerthanheexpected.  Oneday,hecameupwithanidea__5__hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.Hedidsothenextday.Hewasverytired__6__doingthisforawholeday,__7__hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”__8__(high).Hissonheardaboutthisandwenttoseethecrop.Unfortunatelytheleavesofthecropbegantowither.  Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir__9__(nature)course.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften__10__(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.  2008广东高考真题  1. In /Behind2.tohelp3.his4.it/that5.that  6.after7.but /yet8.higher9.natural10.results  2007广东高考真题  IwasonmywaytotheTaiyetosMountains.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar__1__(break)downneararemoteandpoorvillage.Cursingmymisfortune,IwaswonderingwhereIwasgoingtospendthenightwhenIrealizedthatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingasto__2__shouldhavethehonorofreceivingme__3__aguestintheirhouse.Finally,Iacceptedtheofferofanoldwomanwholivedaloneinalittlehouse.Whileshewasgettingme__4__(settle)12 intoatinybutcleanroom,theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto__5__smalltownsome20kilometersaway__6__therewasagarage.  Ihadnoticedthreehensrunningfreelyinmyhostess"scourtyardandthatnightoneofthemendedupinadishonmytable.__7__villagersbroughtmegoat"scheeseandhoney.Wedranktogetherandtalked__8__(merry)tillfarintothenight.  Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinthevillage,Iwantedtorewardtheoldwoman__9__thetroubleIhadcaused__10__.  2007广东高考真题  1. broke2.who3.as4.settled5.a  6.where7.Other/Some8.merrily9.for10.her  2007广东高考样题  Sportsshouldhelpamantolearnfairness,notonlyingamesbutalsoinandforlife.Iftwoteamsplay__1__game,oneteammustlose.Ifadozenteamsattendanathleticcompetition,__2__teamwillgetthemostpointsandallthe__3__eleventeamswillget__4__points.Ifaschoolteamcomesoutlast,thatisnolossofface.__5__thatteamandthatschoolmustdoistoadmitthatit__6__(lose).Theonlyintelligentreaction__7__defeatmustbe:nextyearwewilldoourbesttocomeoutontop,becausefromnowonourteamwilldevote__8__toastrictercourseoftrainingundercompetentinstructors.  Lessons__9__(learn)insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople.Butevenmore__10__(value)arethelessonslearnedinextra—curricularactivitiesinschool:inspeech,dramaticandmusicalcontests,in“house”activities,and,especially,inthestudentcouncil.  2007广东高考样题  1. a2.one3.other4.fewer5.What  6.islost7.to8.itself9.learned10.valuable样卷(1)短文体Oneofmyfather"sfavorite 1 (say)asIwasgrowingupwas“Tryit!”Icouldn"tsayIdidn"tlikesomething,2 itmightbe,untilafterItriedit.OvertheyearsI"vecometorealize howmuchofmysuccessIowetomy3 (accept)ofthosewordsasoneofmyvalues.MyfirstjobwasjustoneIdecidedtotryforacoupleofyearsuntilIdeterminedwhatIwantedtodoasacareer(职业).4 (actual)IbelievedIwouldworkforafewyears,get5 (marry),stayhomeandraiseafamily,12 soIdidn"tthinkthejobItookmatteredthatmuch.Icouldn"t6moremistaken.Imasteredtheskillsofthat 7 (begin)levelpositionandIwasgiventheopportunity(机会)tomoveupthroughthecompanyinto 8 (differ)positions.Iacceptedeachnewopportunitywiththethought,“Well,I"lltryit;9 Idon"tlikeitIcanalwaysgobacktomy10 (early)position.”ButIwaswiththesamecompanyforthepast28years.  2007样卷1答案:  1.sayings2.whatever3.acceptance4.Actually5.married  6.havebeen7.beginning8.different9.if10.earlier样卷(2)对话体Mum:(puttingonhercoat)I"mgoingtohavetogodowntotheshopformorebread.Alan:Why?Mum:I"mnotsurewhat 1(happen).Imadesomesandwichesearlierandleftthemonthetable 2Iwenttoanswerthephone.Butsomeonemusthavetakenthembecausethey"re 3(go).Alan:Oh,itmusthavebeenDad.I"msurehewasinthekitchen 4 (early).Mum:No,hewentofftohistennismatchbeforeIfinished5 (make)them,sohecouldn"thavedoneit.6 ,hecouldn"tcarryaplateofsandwichesaswellasallhistennisstuff,soI"msure7 wasn"thim.Alan:(openingthefridgedoor)Well,itwasn"tme.ButMum,look!Aretheseyoursandwicheshereonthebottomshelfof 8 fridge?Mum:Aretheythere?Oh,mygoodness.I9 (put)themintherewhenthephonerang.Oh,dear.Ireallymustbelosingmy10 .Now,whydidIputonmycoat?  2007样卷2答案:  1.happened2.when3.gone4.earlier5.making  6.Anyway7.it8.the9.musthaveput10.mind/memory12