高考英语语法填空题有提示词解题技巧 5页

第二部分：有提示词考点五：谓语动词(与主语构成主谓结构)1.1wascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.2.Hisfearoffailure(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.3.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.［解题技巧］当句中缺少谓语动词时，括号中的动词就是谓语动词。此时要考虑、、、等四个方面。【鬲定时态的3条很鬲】：(1)依据上下文吋态一致。看上下文谓语动词是什么吋态(过去/现在/将来)，空格要填的动词时态一般应与上下文的时态一致。这是高考语法填空中确定时态的最重要的依据。但需注意：客观事实或真理可能时态不一致；直接引语的时态会与引号外的时态不一致。(2)依据并列谓语动词的时态一致。(3)依据吋间状语。如recently,sofar,uptonow,uptothepresent,inthepastfewyears常与现在完成时连用；bytheendof,since1980,forthreeyears常与完成时连用。提示：尽管课标或考纲中列岀了10种时态，但近两年全国卷和九年广东卷的高考真题只考查了一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态o［练习］1.(2013广东卷)Suddenly,he(find)thathehadrunoutofsalt.SoNickcalledtohisson,"Gotothevillageandbuysomesalt2.(2010广东卷)Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman(present)thewatertotheoldman.Histeachertookadeepdrink...3.Whatevershe(say)willnotmakeanydifferencetoourarrangements.4.(2015卷I)ItwasraininglightlywhenI(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn^tcare.5.(2015卷I)Yangshuo(be)reallybeautiful.AstudyoftravelersconductedbythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.6.(2015卷II)Atthesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.Thiscycle(go)dayafterday.Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandthusalwaysatimelyoffset(抵V肖)fortheoutsidetemperatures.7.(2014卷I)In1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland,Ohio.It(be)unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.8.(2014卷II)Aboyonabike(catch)myattention.Hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.9.(2014广东卷)...butthemanatthefrontdesksaidtherehadbeenamistake.We(tell)thatourroomshadn"tbeenreservedforthatweek...10.ltisreportedthataspacestation(build)onthemooninyearstocome. 考点六：非谓语动词(与主语构成主谓结构)1.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson[32](receive)thegift.2....IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft(complete)therest!3.Mypupils,Donnie[40](include),adoredher.4.Beforethewaitresscouldevenfinishdescribingthemenu,myfriendlookedatmewithhiseyebrows(眉毛)(raise).[解题技巧]当句中己有谓语动词，横线前又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。此吋，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式(doing,done,todo)。[练习]1.(2015卷I)Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysitregularlyarrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.2.(2015卷II)Theadobedwellings(土坯房)(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredby...3.(2015卷II)Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough(cool)thehouseduringthehotday.4.(2014卷I)Buttheriverwasn"tchangedinafewdaysorevenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofwork(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.5.(2014卷II)Onemorning,Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedabout(be)lateforschool.6.(2014卷II)Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefused(stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.7.(smoke)maycausecancer,soyoushouldgiveitup.S.Jack,ahard・woi・kingstudent,isalwaysthefirst(come)toschoolandthelasttoleave.9.Sincetheplantstookawhiletogrow,hestartedcuttingdowntrees(sell)thewood.(2015广东卷)1.Lastweek,ItookpartinanEnglishspeechcontest(hold)inourschool.考点七：词性转换（介词、冠词、所有格后接名词；形容词修饰名词；副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子）1."Thirty-fivecents/9shesaid[36](rude).2.AsfarasIamconcerned,my[37](suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishwithineasyreach・3.Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir(nature)course.4.(doubt),althoughthereisstillroomforimprovementtothispolicy,Ithinkitisstillagoodonewhichbringsmoregoodthanharmtothestudentsandthenation.[解题技巧]当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时，就需要词类转换。这类题一般可根据以下5点顺利解决： (1)作主语或宾语用形式。(2)在形容词性物主代词、冠词(+形容词)、不定代词(some,any,alotof等)、介词后还没有名词时，就用形式。(3)作定语、表语或补足语用形式。(4)作状语，修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，或放在句首修饰全句，用。(5)当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时，无需改变词性，而可能是只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀或后缀，也可能用其比较级或最高级。［练习］1.(2015卷II)Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir；(able)to"aircondition^ahousewithoutusingelectricequipment.2.(2015卷II)Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat(slow)duringcoolnights,thuswarmingthehouse.3.(2015卷II)As(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.4.(2014卷I)Justbe(patience).5.(2014卷II)Everyoneonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddone,andthecrowdofstrangers(sudden)becamefriendlytooneanother.6.1considerit(use)forustouseEnglish-Englishdictionary.7.InAlaska,thewolfalmost(appear)afewyearsago,becausehunterswerekillinghundredsofthemforsport.&Hefailedhismathsexaminationbecauseofhis(care)work.9.Thenumberofforeign(visit)rosefrom23,480in2009to116,209in2013.10.Heexperiencedgreat(difficult)ingettingavisatoleavethecountry.考点八：形容词副词的比较等级（通常，有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级）1.Oneofthe［33］(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher•…2••…Wewerebothlaughingthewholetimeatourcompleteinabilitytocommunicateinwords.Whenitwastimetoleave,Isaid“thankyou”inKorean,usingsomeofthefewwordsIhadlearned・Ifelt(lonely)thanIhadexpectedthatnight.3.LucilleCliftonisanaward-winningpoetandwriter.Criticscallheroneofthe(great)writersofourtime.I解题技巧］当括号中所给词是形容词或副词，且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，要根据语境，理解句意，若该词意思不变，逻辑上讲得通，就很可能填该词的比较级或最咼级。注意：要善于分析语境，辨别省略了than…的隐性比较级。［练习］1.(2014I)Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris(clean)thanever・2.(2011广东卷)IleftitearlybecauseIhadanappointment(late)thatday. 1.(2010广东卷)“---Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe(sweet).”2.(2008广东卷)・・・hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.Hedidsothenextclay…hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow"(high).3.Youryardisbig,butIthinktheirsis(big).考点九：名词(做主语或宾语)1.(2015卷1-65)・..seekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiverwhicharepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese(painting).2.(2014卷1-49)Whilethereareamazingstoriesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthe(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.［解题技巧］名词在句中的典型用法就是作主语或宾语(位于及物动词或介词后)。如果括号中所给词是名词，又是在句中作主语或宾语时，就无需作词类转换，应考虑是否需要用复数形式。［练习］1.Wewillbeexploringdifferent(approach)togatheringinformation.2.Ibrokethechocolateinto(half)andhere"syourhalf.3.Thesistersweretreatedaslocal(hero)afterrescuingatwoyea「oldboyfromdrowning.4.Theclubprovidesawidevarietyof(activity)includingtennis,swimmingandcycling.5.Sometimestheyattributetheir(student)poorcomprehensiontoalackofintelligence.【巩固练习】1.1firstmetTom10yearsago.He(work)inaradiofactoryatthattime.2.Nowadays,basichealthcareservicesare(access)toalmostalltheChinesepeople.3.Thoughmanyextratrainsandbusesareusedtocarrypassengers,traffictoolsarestill(bad)neededduringtheSpringFestival.4.Mr.Stevensonisgreattoworkfor—Ireallycouldn"taskfora(good)boss.5.Wedranktogetherandtalked(merry)tillfarintothenight.6.PeoplebelievethattheChinaDreamisnotverydifficult(realize)solongasthewholenationworkshardforit.7.Curiousand(astonish),IrushedoutofmydormitorywhenIheardthenoiseofthreegunshots.8.Unlesshe(promise)tohelpus,weshalllosethegame.9.Notlongagohesent(word)thathewouldreturnwithhisfamily.10.Thenumberoflanguagesisgettingsmallerallthetimebecauseofthesteady_(grow)ofbiggerlanguages.11.Edisonwasagreat.Duringhislifehehadmany.(invent)12.Theteacherwaspleasedwithher.(honest) 13.1can"timagine(live)withoutwater.14.Theperformance(true)excitedtheaudience.