迅速攻克高中英语语法从句 15页

第三讲从句作者：颜晩照一、句了成分主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语。二、名词性从句（主语、宾语、表语、同位语）一个句子在连词的引导卜-在另一个句子中充当名词使用。从句一律保持陈述句语序。1.主语从句从句在句屮充当主语成分从属连词：that,whether,讦连接彳弋词：who,whose,which,what,whoever,whatever,whichever连接副词：when,where,why,how,whenever,however,wherever（1）从属连词引导（在从句中不充当成分）Thathewillcometotheconferencehasexcitedeveryone・Itisreportedthatthecoralreefsarebeingdestroyed.Whethertheworkcanbecompletedontimeisdoubtful.Itisdoubtfulwhether/iftheworkcanbecompletedontime.（2）连接代词引导（在从句中充当名词）Whatweshoulddonextremainsunknown,（what在从句屮作宾语）Whowillbeinchargeoftheprojecthasn"tbeendecidedyet.（who在从句中作主语）（3）连接副词引导（在从句中作状语）Whenthenewroadisopentothetrafficisreported.（when在从句中作状语）Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting.（how在从句中作状语）注意：①if不能引导主语从句②主语从句中的that-般不能省略2.宾语从句从句在句屮充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）。从属连词:that,whether,if连接彳弋词：who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever连接昌9词：when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however（1）从属连词引导Hetoldusthattheywouldhelpusthroughthewholework.IfeelitapitythatIhaven"tbeentotheparty.Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweadmitstudentsintoourclub・（2）连接代词引导Doyouknowwhowonthefirstprize?（who在从彳U中作主语）Katewasinterestedinwhatshehadseenattheexhibition,（what在从句中作宾语）（3）连接副词引导 Hedidn"ttellmewherethemeetingwouldbeheld.（where在从句中作状语）PleasefindoutwhentheshipsailsforNewYork,（when在从句屮作状语）Hehasn"tmadeitclearwhenheisgoingtogetmarried.注意：①若宾语从句由wh■引导，其后有tobe短语作宾语补足语时，则不可用it代替。Weallconsiderwhatyousaidtobeunbelievable.(对)Weallconsiderittobeunbelievablewhatyousaid.(错)②sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied,sorry等表示"IW感的形容词后的从句常被视为宾语从旬Fmnotsurewhetherhewillagreewithus.Fmsatisfiedthattheyaretellingthetruth.Hewasgladthatshe"dcome.FmextremelysorrythatIhavetroubledyousomuch.③能用whether不能用if的情况:介词后的宾语从句decide,discuss,put,leave等动词后的宾语从句与ornot连用置于句首的宾语从句容易产生歧义时(Letmeknowwhetheryoucancome.)④不能省略that的情况learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,mean等动词后的宾语从句较长的宾语从句状语至于宾语从旬之前时(Irealizedatoncethat...)宾语从句中的状语置于该从句句首时(Hetoldusthat,if.)主句谓语动词打宾语从句Z间有插入语吋(Hefound,however,that...)多个并列的that引导的宾语从句时除第一个(Hesaid(that)...,andthat...)宾语从句中的主语是this,that或有this,that修饰时(Hethinksthatthisbook...)宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或从句(Theycannotbelievethatwhathesaidwastrue)主句中的谓语动词是固宦短语时(Hemadeuphismindthat...)宾语从句用it做形式宾语替代时(Iconsideritveryimportantthat...)引述动词把直接引语中的主语与宾语从句隔开时(“Ineedtotellyou,^^themansaid,“thatyou...^^)④宾语从句的否定转移Idon"tthinktheywillstickouttothelastminute.Idon"tsupposethat"shisfault.⑤宾语从句中的时态——从句时不早于主句1.表语从句从句在句屮充当表语成分，一般放在联系动词之后，对主语进行解釋说明。从属连词：that,whether,asif/though,as连接彳弋who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever连接副词：when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however,because(1)从属连词引导Thereasonforyourmistakeisthatyoulackconfidenceinyourself. Thequestioniswhetherwecanreducethecostoftheproduction.Itlooksas讦itisgoingtorain.(1)连接代词引导ThatiswhatI"minterestedin.（what在从旬屮作宾语）Thedoubtiswhogotawaywiththedocument,（who在从句中作主语）Actually,girlscanbewhatevertheywanttobejustlikeboys.（whatever在从句中作宾语）（3）连接副词引导Thatwaswherewecampedlasttime.（where在从句屮作状语）Thequestionishoweverwccandotheworkbetter.（however在从句中作状语）Hehaslungcancer.Thatisbecausehehasbeensmokingtoomuch.ThatiswhyIwaslate.注意：①主语为名词reason时，表语从句的引导词用that,而不用why或becauseThereasonforsuchaseriousaccidentisthatthedriverwasdrunk.②主句主语是advice,suggestion,order,request,requirement,insist时谓语用（should）+动词原形Mysuggestionisthatwe（should）haveadiscussionaboutthismatter.1.同位语从句从句在句中充当同位语成分，用以解釋某一名词的内容和或实质。从属连词:that,whether连接代词：who,whom,what,which连接副词:when,where,why,how（1）从属连词引导Thefactthatsomecountriesarestillsufferingfrompovertyisreallyabigproblem.（2）连接代词引导Ihavenoideawhowillbeinchargeofthecompanywhenthemanagerisaway・Ihavenoideawhatwcshoulddonext.Ihavenoideawhichpenismine・Ihavenoideawhomtheyaretalkingabout.（3）连接副词引导Thequestionwhysomanypeoplewouldchoosetoliveinthecountrysideisstillunderdiscussion.三、定语从句从句在句了屮担任定语功能修饰主句屮的某一名词或代词（先行词）。关系代词：who,whom,whose,that,which,as关系副词:where,when,why1.关系代词引导——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语（1）who/whomwho在定语从彳U屮作主语、宾语；whom在定语从旬中作宾语。Theboywhowasintheofficeyesterdayismybrothe匚Heisthepersontowhomyououghttoaddresstherequest.Doyouknowtheman（who/whom）theyaretalkingabout?注意：定语从句屮作宾语的关系代词whom不位于介词后时可用who代替，也可省略；在非限制性定语从句屮，whom不可用who代替。 （2）whosewhose在定语从句中作定语。Youaretheonlyonewhoseadvicehemightlistento.Thehousewhosewindowsfacethestreetismyuncle"s.注意：定语从句中，“whose+名词”常可用“the+名词+of+关系代词”代替。Iwilltalktothosestudentswhosehomework/thehomeworkofwhomhasn"tbeendone.(1)whichwhich在定语从句屮作主语、宾语，偶尔作定语。Theriverwhichrunsthroughthecenterofthecityhasbeenpollutedseriously.(作主语)Theystayedwithmefor3weeksduringwhichtimetheydrankallthewineIhad.(作定语)(2)thatthat在定语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。that指人时,可与who,whom互换;指物时,可与which互换。Thetrainranoverandkilledaboyandhisdogthatwerejustcrossingthetrack.(作主语，扌旨人)Thepicture(that)wearelookingatwasdrawnbya15-years-oldstudent.(作宾语，指物)注意：that在作介词宾语时，介词不可提到thatZ前。在限制性定语从旬屮，作宾语、表语的关系代词一般可以省略，但跟在介词示的关系代词及非限制性定语从句中的关系代词不可省略。Generationgapisaproblem(that/which)peoplearcinterestedin.(3)asas在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语等,常出现于先行词被thesame,such,as,so等修饰的限制性定语从句或先行词是整个主句的非限制性定语从旬中。Theexplorertookonlysuchmenandthingsashereallyneedintothejungle.Suchpeopleashavemadegreatcontributionstotheworldshouldbegreatlyrespected.Shakespeareisafamouswriter,aseverybodyknows.1.关系副词引导——在定语从句屮作状语(1)where代替表示地点的先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语，此时常可用inwhich,onwhich,atwhich,towhich等取代。Potatocanbegrowninplaceswhere/inwhichitistoocoldtogrowrice.(2)when代替表示时间的先行词，在定语从句屮作时间状语。此时常可用inwhich,onwhich,atwhich,duringwhich等代替。Ishallneverforgetthedayswhen/inwhichwcworkedonthefarm.(3)why一般跟在先行词reason后，在定语从句中作原因状语，可用forwhich代替。Ihavecomearoundtoexplainthereasonwhy/forwhichIwasabsentfromthemeeting.Canyoutellmethereasonwhy/forwhichthecarbrokendown?注意：引导非限制性定语从句吋不能用why,只能用forwhicho2.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 根据定语从句与先行词之间的关系紧密程度区分。(1)限制性定语从句限制性定语从旬与先行词Z间的关系非常密切，它所修饰的先行词代表一个、一些或i类特指的人或物，说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等状况。如果去掉，原句意思会含糊不清。Anurseisapersonwholooksafterpatients.Shehasfoundthenecklacethatshelosttwoweeksago.(2)非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句起补充说明的作用，去掉也不会影响对全句的理解。非限制性定语从句的前面往往有逗号与先行词隔开，若置于句子中间，具前后都要用逗号隔开。YesterdayJimmyleftforCanada,wherehehadstayedtwoyears.Tom"sfather,whoissixty,stillworksharddayandnight.使用非限制性定语从句的情况：①关系代词指代整个主句内容时Shesaidshehadfinishedherwork,whichIdoubtedverymuch・②先行词指的是世界上独一无二的事物或专有名词吋③先行词指的是某人仅冇的一个亲属时④“名词/代词/数词/形容词最高级+介词+关系代词”的结构常用非限制性定语从句Ihavethreeforeignteachers,twoofwhicharefromCanada.Hehasfourdaughters,thetallestofwhomisLily.Herearethequestions,someofwhich/ofwhichsomeIthoughttoodifficultforyou.1.定语从句中that和which的区别(1)用that不用which①当先行词是不定代词如anything,nothing,everything,all,much,few,any,little或被它们修饰时。Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone・Youcan*tbelieveanythingshesays・There"snothingyoucandotohelp.IhopethatthelittlethatTvebeenabletodohasbeenofsomeuse・Thisreferencebookcontainsmuch(little)thatisuseful.②当关系代词在定语从句中作表语吋Mytypewriterisnotthemachine(that)itwas.②当主句以here,there,which开头吋Hereisthehotelthatyou"vebeenlookingfor/Thereisaseatinthecornerthatisstillnottaken.WhichisthecarthatwasmadeinBeijing?③当先行词被序数词或thevery,theonly,thelast修饰时Thisisthefirsttime(that)Pveheardhersing.That"stheseventeenthbeer(that)youvedrunkthisevening・Thisistheverypenheusedwhenhewaswritingthebook・ThisisthelastthingonecansayaboutiLTheonlythingthatmattersistofindourwayhome・ ②当先行词被thesame修饰吋，用that表示同一件物品，用as表示相类似的一件物品。Isawthemistakeatthesamemomentthatshedid.Iboughtthesamecarasyours・Thisisthesameoneas/thatyouhadbefore・这跟你以前的一样/这就是你以前的那一个。You"vemadethesamemistakesaslasttimc/thatyoumadelasttime.你又犯了上次所犯的同一错误O③当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词的最高级形式所修饰时。Thisisthemostexpensivewatch(that)Fveeverowned・Thisisthebestarticlethathaseverbeenwrittenonthissubject.④当先行词既指人乂指物时。Ilikethewritersandtheirworksthatyoumentionedtheotherday.Theyweretalkingaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedintheschool.(1)用which不用that①引导非限制性定词从句时。Football,whichisapopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld・②关系代词总接放在介词后而吋，要用whichoReadthepassagetowhichIreferredinmytalk.1.定语从句与同位语从句的区别(1)that引导的定语从句与that引导的同位语从句定语从句用来说明名词的性质、特征、来源等；同位语从句用来说明名词所表示的具体内容。定语从句中的that是关系代词，在从句中充当句了成分；同位语从句中的that是连词，在从句中不充当成分。Thefact(that)hepresentedwasastrongproof.Thefactthatshehadn"tsaidanythingsurprisedusall.(2)when,where,why引导的定语从句与同位语从彳)J定语从句屮先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的名词，关系词在从句中作状语；同位语从句中的when,where,why有疑问意义且前面的名诃不是表示吋间、地点、原因的。IwillrememberthetimewhenIwonthefirstprizeintheNationalMathsCompetitionforever(定语从句)Wehaven^tsettledthequestionwhenweshouldstart.(同位语从句)Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslate?(定语从句)Ihavenoideawhyhewaslate.(同位语从句)2.as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别as和which引导非限制性定语从句时，可用整个主句作为具先行词，指代上文或卜-文屮所说的一件事。①as引导的从旬表示说话人对话语的看法、态度、解释或评论ShanghaiisabigcityinChina,asweallknow・Sheisverypatient,asisshowninherwork. Therewasanetbararoundhere,asIremembe匚Asweallexpected,theplanturnedouttobeverysuccessful.①as可位于句首、句尾或句小，which只能位于句尾Asweallexpected,theplanturnedouttobeverysuccessful.Thenaughtyboyisalwaysknockingatmydoor,whichannoysmeverymuch・②which引导的非限制性定语从句可以对主句所叙述的事情进行补充说明，表明事物存在的状态或引起的结果。Theboyhadafevereverynight,whichworriedhisparentsverymuch・③不能省去非限制性定语从句中的动词be吋用which,反Z用as。Janetoldmeshewonthematch,whichwasalie.Asplanned,wemetattheairport・④当从句的谓语动词是否定形式或从句谓语动词后有复合宾语时，一般用Which不用asoHedislikeseveryoneintheclass,which1thinkisquitestrange.三、状语从句在句中作状语，可以修饰谓语、定语、状语或整个句了。由连词引导。1.时间状语从句when,while,as,after,before,since,eversince,till,until,assoonas,once,whenever,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,themoment,bythetime,hardlywhen,directly,immediately,instantly(1)when,while,aswhen表示“当……时”，谓语既可以用持续性动词，也可以用终止性动词。Whenthefirebrokeout,allthestudentsweresleepingsoundly.Whenyoumeetanewword,consultthedictionary.while表示“当……时”，强调动作同时发生或主句动作发生在从句动作进行的过程屮;从句动词必须是持续性的或表示状态的动词。TheweatherwasfinewhilewcwereinShanghai.FatherwaspreparingareportwhileIwasplayinggames・as表示“当……时”，常指从句动作未结束，主句动作就已发牛；从句中多用表示动作的动词，一般不用be动词或表示心理活动或状态的动词；当一个主语同时进行两个平行的动作,表示“一边……一边……”时用as。MycapwasblownawayasIstoodup.Wesangaswewalkedalong.(2)until/till(until可置于句首,till不可)农示“直到……”。主句是否定句吋谓语常用终止性动词，表示从句动作结束吋主句动作才开始；主句是肯定句时谓语常用持续性动词，表示从旬动作结束时主旬动作随Z结束。Ididn"tknowanythingaboutituntil/tillyoutoldme.Fllwaituntil/tilltheconcertisover.(3)since表示“自从……”，主句常用完成时或完成进行时。 Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceyouleftthecity・(1)before表示“在……之前”。ImustfinishtheletterbeforeIgohome.(2)表示时间的名词短语(相当于定语从句屮省略when)thetime,themoment,theminute,theday,theyear,thefirsttime,bythetime,eachtime,everytime,nexttimeThedayhereturnedhome,hisfatherwasalreadydead.Everytime1seehim,heisworkinghard・HewasmuchbetterthelasttimeIsawhim.IrecognizehimtheminuteIsawhim.(3)assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly,nosooner...than...,hardly...when表示“一……就……”。AssoonasIgettoBeijing,Fllwritetoyou.PHgiveyouananswerimmediatelyFvcfinishedreadingyourreport・Directlyyoufeelanypains,youmustgotoseethedoct0匚Nosoonerhad1seenhimthanIaskedhimaboutthematter.Hardlyhadtheyarrivedattheairportwhentheplanestartedtoleave.1.地点状语从句where,whereverWclivewheretheroadcrossestherive匚Hemustgowhereverwesendhim・可以转化为定语从句：Weliveinaplacewheretheroadcrossestherive匚Hemustgotoanyplacewherewesendhim.2.原因状语从句because,as,since,nowthat,inthat(1)because语气最强，常用来冋答why引起的提问，可与强调词only,merely,justJJc否定词not连用。Hewasabsentfromtheschoolbecausehewasill.(2)as语气最弱，较口语化，所表达的原因比较明显，或是己知事实。Ashewasinahurry,heleftthisbaghome.(3)since语气较弱，常表示对方已知的事实，意为“既然”。Sinceshecan^answerthisquestion,youhadbetterasksomeoneelse.(4)nowthat农示微弱的原因，主要用于口语，主句与从句的因果关系不明显；th亚有时可省略。Now(that)youunderstand,Idon^tneedtoexplainagain.3.冃的状语从句sothat,inorderthat,forfear(that),incase 1hurriedthroughmyworkinorderthatIcouldbeintimeforTVprograms.Speakloudersothatthepeopleinthehallcanallhearyou.PmstudyinghardforfearthatIshouldfair.Dorftplaybytheriverincaseyoufallin.注意：可与inorderto,soasto或表目的的不定式互相转换。1.结果状语从句so,sothat,so...that...,such...that...ThereissolittletimeleftthatIhavetotellyouaboutitlater.Hetoldussuchaninterestingstorythatwcalllaughed.2.条件状语从句if,unless,as/solongas,once,incase,onconditionthat,providing(that),provided(that),given(that)Ifitsnowstomorrow,wewillbuildasnowman.YouTlbelateagainunlessyouhurry.As/solongasyoupromisetocome,Fllwaitforyou.Providing/Given/Provided(that)youpromisenottotellanyoneelse,I"llexplainthesecretIncaseitrains,donotexpectme.Iwilldoitonconditionthatyouhelpme.3.让步状语从句though,although,eventhough,evenif,as,while,疑问词-ever,nomatter+疑问词Thoughshegavenosign,Iwassureshehadseenme.WhileI"mwillingtohelp,Idonothavemuchtimeavailable・Callmewhenyouarrive,nomatterwhattimeitis.Eventhough/ifyousayso,Idonotbelieveit.Popularstaras/thoughsheis,shestillneedstoimprove・Failas/thoughIdid,Iwouldnevergiveup.Fllwaitforyouhoweverlateitis.=F11waitforyounomatterhowlateitis.&比较状语从句as,than(从句中有时使用省略，只保留被比较的对象)Thereareasmanypeopleinourtownas(thereare)inyourtown.Hishandwritingisnotasgoodasyours(is).Hewasmoresuccessfulthanwehadexpected.9.方式状语从句as,asif,asthoughWillyoupleasedotheexperimentas1amdoing?Sheclosedhereyesasif/thoughshewastired・10.状语从句小的省略省略原则：从句主语和主句主语一致或从句主语为it,且从句的谓语部分有be动词,就可以省略从句中的主语和谓语的一部分或全部。Whenever(itis)possible,youshouldcomeandhelp・While(Iwas)atcollege,Ibegantoknowhim・Don"tcomeinuntil(youare)askedto. Shehasfinishedtheworkearlierthan(ithasbeen)expected.考点及习题：一.What与that在名词性从句中用法比较：ThatTomfelloffhischairbyaccidentgottheclassmateslaughing・WhatTomlearnedinuniversityhelpshimalotinhisjob・WehavereachedwhatiscalledXinJiekou.二.有些不可直接跟宾语从句的动词Ihateitwhen...;Idislikeitwhen…；I"dappreciateitif…Iwillseetoitthat…三.几个表语从句的切换Thereasonwhyhecamelateisthathiscarbrokedownonthehalfway. Hecamelate・That^sbecausehiscarbrokedown.Hiscarbrokedownonthehalfway.That"swhyhecamelate.一.Whether和if的区别二.定语从句中which和that的用法区别三.非限制性定语从句中的which和as四.介词+关系代词五.状语从句从属连词的含义九・Nomatterwh•和vvh-ever十・各种从句的混杂C1•Wehaven"tsettledthequestionofitisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD・thatC2.Thequestioncameupatthemeetingwehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.A.thatB.whichC.whetherD.IfB3.themeetingshouldlasttwodaysorthreedaysdoesn"tmatter.A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.WhereD4.Weallknowthetruththereareair,waterandsunlighttherearelivingthings.A.whereB.whereverC・thatD.thatwhereverA5.IthasnotbeendecidedtheywillleaveforNewYork.A.whenBwhyCthatDwhatB6.Informationhasbeenputforwardmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.AsB7.Theordercamethesoldiersthesmallvillagethenextmorning.A.that;hadtoleaveB.that;shouldleaveC./;mustleaveD.when;shouldleaveA8.Heinsistedthatheingoodhealthandtoworkthere.A.was,besentB・is,issentC.be,wassentD.be,sendB9.ThereasonIplantogoisshewillbedisappointedifIdon"t.A.becauseB.thatC.thankstoD.What A.thatB.whatC.thatD.it9.isstillaquestionwillwin.A.It;thatB.It;whoC.That;whoD.This;that10.getshomefirstistocookthesuppe匚A.WhoBWhomC.ThosewhoD.Whoever11.Thinkingyouknowinfactyoudon"tisaterriblemistake・A.that;thatB.what;whatC.that;whatD.whatthat12.Whenandwhyhecamehereyet.A.isnotknownB.arcnotknownC.hasnotknownD.havenotbeenknown13.isnoreasonfordismissingher.A.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateB.OwingtoafewminuteslateC.ThefactthatshewasafewminuteslateD.Beingafewminuteslate14.youdiditisnotknowntoall.A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.Which15.DavidsayssoundsrighttoHelen.That"swhyshehasmadeuphermindtolivewithhimhappens・A.whatever;whateverB.Nomatterwhat;whateverC.Nomatterwhat;NomatterwhatD.Whatever;however16.Itissaidwasallhesaid.Athat;that;thatBwhat;what;whatCthat;which;whatDthat;that;which17.hedocshasnothingtodowithme.A.whateverB.NomatterwhatC.ThatD.If18.Ishesaidreallytrue?A.thatB.whatC.whyD.Whether19.alltheinventionshaveincommonistheyhavesucceeded・A.What;whatB.That;thatC.what;thatD.That;what20.haspassedthetestwillgetaprize・A.WhoeverB.NomatterwhoC.WhomeverD.Who21.youdoshouldbewelldone.A.HowB.ThatC.WhateverDWhy 9.Insomecountries,arecalled"publicschools"arenotownedbythestate.A.thatB.whichC.asD.What10.wastheideathewifethoughtofisunknown.A.What...thatB.That...whatC.How…whyD.Why...how11.TheexactyearAnglclaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas200&［14•安徽］A.whenB.whereC.whyD.which12.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitiestheycangainexperienceforgrowth.［14•福建］A.whoB.whenC.whichD.where28.1amlookingforwardtothedaymydaughtercanreadthisbookandknowmyfeelingsforher.［14・湖南］A.asB.whyC.whenD.where29.Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatworkagoodimpressionisamust,f14•江苏］A.whichB.whenC.asD・where30.Amongthemanydangerssailorshavetoface,probablythegreatestofallisfog.A.whichB.whatC.whereD.when［14•江西］31.Acompanyprofitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.A-whichB.whoseC.whoD-why［14•山东］32.Pleasesendusalltheinformationyouhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what［14・陕西］33.Untilnow,wehaveraised50,000poundsforthepoorchildren,isquiteunexpected.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.it［14•四川］34.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,usesitdifferently.A.allofwhichB.eachofwhichC.allofthemD.eachofthcm［14・天津］35.Wellreachthesalestargetsinamonthwesetatthebeginningoftheyear.［14•重庆］A.whichB.whereC.whenD.what36.Anecosystemconsistsofthelivingandnonlivingthingsinanarea—interactwithoneanother.A.thatB.whereC.whoD.what［13海］37.Themuseumwillopeninthespringwithanexhibitionandaviewingplatformvisitorscanwatchthebigglasshousesbeingbuilt.［13浙江］A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why3&Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostofarefamilymembers.［13重庆］A.themB.thatC.whichD.whom39.isoftenthecasewithchildren,Amywasbetterbythetimethedoctorarrived・A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As［13•陕西］40.Hemaywinthecompetition,heislikelytogetintothenationalteam・A.inwhichcaseB.inthatcaseC・inwhatcaseD.inwhosecase［13辽宁］41.Happinessandsuccessoftencometothosearegoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which［13湖南］ 39.Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthoseliveswereaffected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which［13福建卷］40.MoYanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein2012,madeoneoftheChinesepeople"slong-helddreamscometrue・[13安徽]A.itB.thatC.whatD.which41.Alotoflanguagelearning,hasbeendiscovered,ishappeninginthefirstyearoflife.A.asB.itC.whichD.this[12安徽]42.Salesdirectorisapositioncommunicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where[12重庆]43.By16:30,wasalmostclosingtime,nearlyallthepaintingshadbeensold.A.whichB.whenC.whatD.that[12江西]44.Weliveinanagemoreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore・A.whyB.whenC.towhomD.onwhich[12浙江]45.Ellenwasapainterofbirdsandofnature,,forsomereason,hadwithdrawnfromallhumansociety.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.whom[12浙江]46.Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea,urgentlyneededcleanwater,medicineandsheltertosurvive.[12江苏]A.whichB.whoC.whereD.what47.You"llfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstationyoucanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.A.whichB.whereC・whenD.as[11上海」5LItookmydrivinglicensewithmeonholiday,Iwantedtohireacar.A.incaseB.evenifC.eversinceD.ifonly[2013北京]52.Youmustlearntoconsultyourfeelingsandyourreasonyoureachanydecision.A.althoughB.beforeC.becauseD.unless[2013湖南]53.Intheglobaleconomy,anewdrugforcancer,itisdiscovered,willcreatemanyeconomicpossibilitiesaroundtheworld・A.whateverB.whoeverC.whereverD.whichever[2013江苏]54.Onecanalwaysmanagetodomorethings,nomatterfullone，sscheduleisinlife.A.howB.whatC.thatD.where[2013辽宁]55.Theypromisedtodevelopasoftwarepackagebytheendofthisyear,theymighthave.A.howeverdifficultB.howdifficultC.whateverdifficultyD.whatdifficulty[2013上海]56.Heissobusy.Hecannotaffordenoughtimewithhissonhewantsto.A.evenifB.as讦C.becauseD.before[2013四川]57.wehaveenoughevidence,wecan"twinthecase・A.OnceB.AslongasC.UnlessD.Since[2013重庆]58.Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisentherewasnothingayearagobutruins・A.whenB.whereC.beforeD.until[2012山东]59.Youcanborrowmycaryoupromisenottodrivetoofast. A.unlessB.evenifC.incaseD.aslongas60.1hadhardlygottotheofficemywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce・A.whenB.thanC.untilD.after[2012全国]61.Ifalotofpeoplesayafilmisnotgood,Iwon"bothertoseeit,orFllwaititcomesoutonDVD.A.wheneverB.afterC.sinceD.until[2011上海]62.Thepoliceofficersinourcityworkhardtherestofuscanliveasafelife.A.incaseB.astoC.inorderthatD.onlyif[2011上海]63.FrankinsistedthathewasnotasleepIhadgreatdifficultyinwakinghimup.A.whetherB.althoughC.forD.so[2011四川]64.Nomatterhow,itisnotnecessarilylifeless・A.adesertmaybedryB・dryadesertmaybeC.mayadesertbedryD.drymayadesertbe[2011辽宁]65.Timisingoodshapephysicallyhedoesn"tgetmuchexercise.A.as讦B.eventhoughC.unlessD.aslongas[2010湖南]