高中英语语法一点通——情态动词 13页

老屮英错错泾一丘通——精态劭铜知识清单J一、熬斥饨力情态动词can和could常用來表示"能力”，强调能够做某事，can表示现在的能力，could表示过去的能力。另外，beableto表示经过一番努力能够做某事，而且成功做了某事。Iamveryhungry.Icaneattwobowlsofrice.Whenhewasyoung,hecouldcarrytheheavybox.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelquicklybuteveryonewasabletogetout.二、素示雅測情态动词表示推测时，对现在情况的推测用“情态动词+动词原形”，对过去情况的推测用“情态动词+havedone^o情态动词表示推测时，可能大小排序如下：must（一定）＞will（很可能）＞should/oughtto（应该）＞can（可能）＞may（也许）＞might（说不定）Hemustknowmyaddress-Hecan^tknowmyaddress.Hemayknowmyaddress.Hemaynotknowmyaddress.Howcanitbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony.（表示疑惑、惊讶）Heisnotsure.Hemightgotothecinemainstead. Theroadsshouldbelesscrowdedtoday.特别提示：表示推测时，may常用于肯定句中，也可以用于否定句中(maynot表示“可能不”)，must用于肯定句屮，一般不用于否定句和疑问句屮，can和could常用于否定句和疑问句1+1,表示疑惑、惊讶或者不相信等意思。2、熬示ft痂、允许、允错1>may,might,can,could,will,would用于问句中，表示请求、许可或者提出建议；could/might/would表示请求时，语气更加委婉，肯定回答时，需要用can/may/willo—Could/MightIuseyourbiketomorrowmorning?—Yes,youcan/may(No,youcan^/mustn"t).2、shall在疑问句屮与第一人称连用时，表示征求对方意见；在陈述句中与第二、三人称连用吋，表示说话者的命令、指示、威胁、允诺、警告等。Youshallleavetheroomatonce.Anyonethatdisobeystheruleshallbefined.Tom"sfatherpromisesthatheshallbuyhissonanewbikeonhisbirthday.四、素斥必要、偏要must表示主观上必须做某事，mustn*!表示“禁止、一定不可以”，还可以表示“偏偏、偏要”，haveto表示受客观条件的限制，不得不做某事oshould表示应该做某事，有义务做某事，此外，should还可以表示“竟然、居然”。Childrenmustn"tplaywithfire.Shemustdoanythingagainstherparents"will.Youshouldgoandvisithimthisafternoon.Itisunbelievablethatthepoormanshouldhelpothers. Whyshouldyoubesolatetoday? —MustIworkouttheproblemtonight?—No,youneedn^t/don^thaveto.A.总它类精态劭祠1>need和dareneed和dare既可以用作情态动词也可以用作行为动词，用作情态动词时，常用于疑问句和否定句中；作行为动词吋，有人称和数的变化，可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句中，构成否定句和疑问句时，要借助助动词。另外，dare的过去式dared也可以用作情态动词。HeneedrTtdoit.Hedoesn"tneedtodoit.Hedidn"tdaretolookatherintheface.Hedarednotlookatherintheface.2>mayaswell和maywellmayaswell意为“最好、倒不如”，maywell表示“很可能”。Youmayaswelldoitatonce.Herappearancehaschangedsomuchthatyoumaywellnotrecognizeher.难点突破"槁态幼词/wouldrather/wouldlike(love)+havedone"用诙◊musthavedone“过去一定做过某事”，对过去发生动作的肯定推测，否定式为：carft/couldrft havedone“过去肯定没有做过某事”。 Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadisquitewetandmuddy.◊can/couldhavedone"过去本能够做某事，实际上并没有做”。Youcouldhavedonebetter,butyoudidn^ttryyourbest.◊may/mighthavedone"过去也许已经做过某事”，否定形式may/mightnothavedone表示“过去可能没做过某事mighthavedone还表示“过去木可能做某事，实际没有做”。It"stoolate.Ithinkhemayhavegonetobed.Hemay/mightnothavefinishedthework・ButIthinkyoumighthavetoldushalfanhourago.◊should/oughttohavedone表示"本应该做某爭，实际上没有做”。Yououghttohavedonethisexercisemorecarefully.◊shouldnot/oughtnottohavedone表示“本不应该做某事，实际做了某事”。Youshouldn"thavetoldherthetruth.◊needn^havedone“本不需要做某事，实际上做了某事”。Youneedifttakeataxihere,foritwasveryneartomyhome.◊wouldratherhavedone"宁愿做过某事，实际上当时并没有做”；否定形式wouldrathernothavedone“宁愿过去没做过某事，实际上已经做了某事”。Iraisedobjectionsatthemeeting,butnowIwouldrathernothavedonethat.◊wouldlike/lovetohavedone"本过去本想要做某事，实际上并没有做”。Iwouldlovetohavegonetothepartylastnight,butIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport. pa 认真审题，结合所给的语境，正确把握说话者的语气，情感、态度、观点等。认真思考所给选项中情态动词的基本特征和用法，并结合语境推敲答案。()21.——MayIsitbesideyou,sir?—No,you・Mygirlfriendiscomingsoon.A.cantB.mustntC.needn"tD.shouldnt()22.—_IspeaktoMary,please?—Sorry,she_cometothephonebecausesheisntin.A.Might;wontB.Can"t;mustn"tC.May;cantD.Couldnt;shouldnt()23.---1wanttoknowifIsmokehere.—Nozyou.Couldyouseethesign"NOSMOKING"there?A.can;needntB.must;cantC.shall;wontD・may;mustnt()24.Myw讦eneverremembersmytelephonenumber.Shealwayslookitup.A.mayB.shouldC.wouldD.hasto()25.youpassmetheEnglishmagazine,please?―Sure・Hereyouare・ A.CouldB.NeedC.MustD.Might()26.…MustIgotoworkwithyou?…No,you•Lindagowithme.A.mustnt;canB.cant;hastoC.darent;shouldD.neednt;may()27.—ItellMarythetestresults?—No,you・Shesalreadygotthescore.A.Will;wontB.shall;needntC.May;mustnt0.Can;dont()28.Youbecarefulwhencrossinghere・Thetrafficlightsarentworking・A.mightB.oughttoC.couldD.may()29.―CouldIborrowyourbicycle?—Yes,ofcourseyou.A.willB.shouldC.canb.need()30・Joancomewithusthisafternoon,butsheisntverysureyet.A.canB.mayC.must0.will()31・IaskyouthequestionbecauseIthinkIbewrong.A.darent;mustB.mustnt;canC.neednt;mayD.cant;should()32."Theinterestbedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides."declaredthejudge・A.mayB.shouldC.mustb.shall ()33.——IsawAnnieinthesupermarketyesterday. —Youher;sheisstillstudyingabroad.A.mustntseeB.canthaveseenC.mustn"thaveseenD.couldntsee()34.——Whatdoyouthinkofthisanswer?…Idon*tthinkitberight.A.shouldB.mightC.mustD.can()35.Whenweworkedinthesameoffice,weoftenhavecoffeetogether.A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.oughtto()36.Hedoesnthavetoworktomorrow,butyouhavegotto,you?A.dontB.haven"tC.haven"tgotAcan"t()37.YouwakemeupwhenIfallasleep,you?A.haventbetter;haveB.wouldnotrather;wouldC.hadbetternot;shouldD.hadnotbetter;must()38.—Why!Icouldntgetyouonthephonethismorning.—Wetennisintheyardwhenyouphoneme.A.couldbeplayingB.mustbeplayingC.musthavebeenplayingD.shouldhaveplayed()39.・一MayIsmokehere?—Ifyouzchooseaseatinthesmokingsection.A.mustB.mayC.canD・should()40.—Icameherebytaxiandthedriverchargedme50yuan. ——Really?Youhavecomebybus.A.couldB.mustC.may0.should()41.—boyoustillrememberwhenwewenttotheGreatWall?—Icantrememberitwell,butithavebeensometimelastMay?A.shouldB.mustC.couldD.would()42.wonderwhyMr.Lindidntcometowork.—HehavebeenillA.needntB.shouldC.mightD.can()43・—Noonepassedthemathematicsexaminationtoday.―Iguesswetheexerciselastnight・A.couldreviewB.shouldreviewC.mightreviewD.shouldhavereviewed()44.Shethehospitalsosoon,forshehasntyetrecovered.A.wouldn"thaveleftB.shouldnthaveleftC.needrftleaveD.hadn"tleft()45.―Whydidntyoutellmetherewasnomeetingtoday?■一Iallthewayherethroughtheheavysnow.A.neednthavedrivenB.canthavedrivenC.musthavedrivenD.shouldn"thavedriven.()46.Thebookisneitheryoursnormine.Whosebookitbe?A.mustB.mayC.shouldD.can ()47.Itissurprisingthathehavebeensofoolish.A.mustB.couldC.should0.can()48.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,it?A.mustrftB.can*+C.hasn"tD.didn"t()49.Wearesorrythatyoufeeluncomfortable.A.willB.couldC.mustD.should()50.AreyoucomingtoJeffsparty?—Imnotsure・Igototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might