高中英语语法知识词法部分讲解------情态动词及练习 25页

高中英语语法知识情态动词情态动词表示说话人对动作或状态的各种观点和态度，如需要、猜测、意愿或怀疑等。情态动词有词义，但不完全，是所谓的“辅助性”动词，在句中不能单独充当谓语。一、 情态动词的特征和形式：A.情态动词的各种形式见下表：情态动词否定式简略否定式maymaynotmayn"t(老式英语，现在不常见)mightmightnotmightn"tcancannot/cannotcan"tcouldcouldnotcouldn"tmustmustnotmustn"thavetodonothavetodon"thavetooughttooughtnottooughtn"tto(否定句中to可省略)willwillnotwon"twouldwouldnotwouldn"tshallshallnotshan"t(只用于英国英语)shouldshouldnotshouldn"tneedneednotneedn"tdaredarenotdaren"tusedtousednotto/didnotusetousedn"tto/didn"tusetoB.情态动词的特征：除oughtto,usedto等外，后面只接不带to的不定式。1．情态动词+doeg.①Youshouldn"tbesocareless.你不该这样粗心大意。 ②Jessicatoldhimyesterdayshemightnotgoonthetrip.杰西卡昨天告诉他，她可能不去旅行了。 ③Difficultiescanandmustbeovercome. 困难能够而且必须克服。2．情态动词+bedoingeg.①Shemustbelisteningtopopmusic. 她肯定在听流行音乐。 ②Youshouldbereviewingyourlessons. 你应该在复习功课。 ③Mymothermay/mightbecookingnow. 我妈妈可能正在做饭。3．情态动词+havedoneeg.①TheymighthavevisitedtheGreatWall. 他们可能参观过长城了。 ②Hemusthavegotupveryearlytocatchthetrain. 他一定起得很早去赶火车了。 ③Yououghttohavecomeearlier. 你本该早一点儿来。4．情态动词+bedone/havebeendoneeg.①Thiswordcanalsobeusedasaverb. 这个词也可以用作动词。 ②Somethingmustbedonetostoppollution. 必须采取措施来制止污染。 ③Theworkoughttohavebeenfinishedlongago. 这工作早就该完成了。5.情态动词第三人称单数一般现在时没有词形变化。eg.①Yououghttoweararaincoat. 你应该穿件雨衣。 ②Sheoughttoweararaincoat. 她应该穿件雨衣。 ③Plantsmusthaveoxygeninordertolive. 为了存活植物必须有氧气。 ④Aplantmusthaveoxygeninordertolive. 为了存活植物必须有氧气。6.情态动词的时态并不是区分时间的主要标志。在一些场合中，情态动词的现在式和过去式都可以表示现在时间、过去时间25． 或将来时间。eg.①I"mafraiditmightraintonight. 我看今晚可能要下雨。 ②CouldIborrowyourthermos？ 我可以借用你的暖水瓶吗？ ③It"sanicedaytoday.Wecouldgoforawalk. 今天天气不错，我们可以出去散散步。 7.情态动词是互相排斥的，一般不允许两个意义相近的情态动词连用。【误】Soldiersmust/havetoobeyorders.【正】Soldiershavetoobeyorders.     军人必须服从命令。【正】Soldiersmustobeyorders.     军人必须服从命令。【误】CanIbeabletoborrowtwobooksatatime?【正】CanIborrowtwobooksatatime?     我能一次借两本书吗？【正】WillIbeabletoborrowtwobooksatatime ?    我能一次借两本书吗？二、 情态动词的意义和用法：A.may和might: 1．表示请求、许可，常译为“可以”。 在口语中可用can,could代替may，但在正式场合用may。表示允许时，也可用might代替，might不表示过去时，而是表示口气比较婉转。eg.①Youmaytakethisseatifyoulike. 如果你喜欢可以坐这个位置。 ②May/Can/Could/MightIhaveatalkwithyou ?我可以和你谈谈吗？ ③---May/MightIcomeintotheroomtoseemymother? 我可以进房间看我母亲吗？ ---No,youmustn"t.Sheneedstohaveagoodrest. 不，你不能进。她需要好好休息。提示：MayI...?问句常见的肯定回答和否定回答。肯定回答Yes,please. /Certainly./Yes,ofcourse./Sure.Goahead,please. 否定回答No,youcan"t.(最常见)/No,youmustn"t.(具有强烈禁止的意思)Pleasedon"t./You"dbetternot./Idon"tthinkyoucan./I"msorryit"snotallowed.2．表示推测，可译为“可能，也许”。eg.①Yourmathteachermay/mightbeinhisoffice.     你们的数学老师可能在办公室里。（一般情况下，might表示的可能性很小） ②Thelightisn"ton.Itmay/mightbebroken. 那盏灯没有亮，它可能坏了。 ③Theremay/mightbesomeinkleftinthebottle. 瓶子里也许还剩点儿墨水。 注意：用may表示推测一般不用于疑问句，在疑问句中通常用can来代替。 eg.①Canhebeathome? 他可能在家吗？②---Canitbetrue? 这可能是真的吗？---Itmaybe,ormaynotbe. 可能是，也可能不是。3．用在目的状语从句中，构成谓语。eg.①Hewantstotakeataxisothathemaygetthereintime.他想坐出租车，这样他就能及时到达那里。 ②IarrivedattheairportearlierinorderthatImightmeethim.我早早地就到了机场为了能接到他。4．有时可以用于祈使句表示祝愿。eg.①Mayyousucceed. 祝你成功 ②Mayyoubehappy. 祝你快乐。 ③Maythatdaycomesoon. 希望这一天早日到来。 5.may/might+aswell的意义：此结构用于说明一个人在没有更好的或更有趣的事可做的情况下，或以某种不快的心情不得不做的事，是一种非正式的文体，常译成“还是…的好”。eg.①Alltheshopsareclosed;wemayaswellgoback.②Youmightaswellspeakoutyourmind.你还是把你的想法说出来吧。25． 小测试：1.“MightIborrowyourdictionary?”“Yes,ofcourseyou_________.”A.mightB.mayC.canD.should2.“CouldIgowithyou?”“____________.”A.No,youcouldB.No,youcanC.I’mafraidnotD.Youmightnot3.“MayIpickaflowerinthegarden?”“______________.”A.No,youneedn’tB.No,pleaseC.No,youmustn’tD.No,youwould4.“CanIleavethedooropenatnight?”“You____________betternot.”A.shouldB.wouldC.couldD.had5.John,you_________playwiththeknife;you__________hurtyourself.A.won’t;can’tB.mustn’t;mayC.shouldn’t;mustD.can’t;shouldn’t6.Ithoughtyou___________likesomethingtoread,soI’vebroughtyousomebooks.A.mayB.mightC.couldD.must7.Peter___________comewithustonight,butheisn’tverysureyet.A.mustB.mayC.willD.can8.What___________Idoforyou,madam?A.shallB.canC.mayD.will9.He____________youmorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.A.mighthavegivenB.mightgiveC.mayhavegivenD.maygive10.“Whatdoyouthinkthenoisewaslastnight?”“It____________awolf.”A.maybeB.mightbeC.mustbeD.mighthavebeen11.“_____________you______________yourumbrellahome?”“I___________.”A.May;haveleft;mayhaveB.Could;haveleft;mightC.Could;haveleft;mighthaveD.Might;haveleft;may12.He_____________hispenanywhere;it_____________stolen.A.maynotlose;mustbeB.mightn’tlose;maybeC.mustn’thavelost;musthavebeenD.mightn’thavelost;musthavebeen13.YesterdayJanewalkedawayfromthediscussion.Otherwise,she____________somethingshewouldregretlater.A.hadsaidB.saidC.mightsayD.mighthavesaid14.It’sverycoldoutside,sowe__________inthehotel.A.maywellastostayB.mayaswelltostayC.mayaswellstayD.mayaswellasstaying15.Youneverlisten!I_____________tothewall.A.hadbettertotalkB.wouldrathertotalkC.mayaswelltotalkD.mightaswelltalk B.can和could: 1．表示能力，可译为“能，会”。eg.①Icanswim.我会游泳。②Thecinemacanseat1,000people. 这电影院能容纳1000人。③Emilycandancewellandhermothercoulddancewellwhenshewasyoung.艾米丽舞跳得很好，她妈妈年轻时舞跳得也很好。2.表示允许、许可，常用在口语中。could比can语气上要客气。 eg.①---CouldIuseyourdictionary? 我可以用一下你的字典吗？---Yes,goahead. 可以，用吧。(或Yes,youcan.但不能说Yes,youcould.)②Could/Canyoutellmehowtogettothezoo? 劳驾，你能告诉我怎么去动物园吗？③Heaskedmewhetherhecouldtakethebookoutofthereadingroom.他问我可不可以把书带出阅览室。3.表示推测，可用于肯定句(can罕见)、否定句和疑问句，但更常见于疑问句或否定句。在此种用法中can和could没有时态的区别，只是表示可能性的大小，can表示推测的可能性比could大。eg.①Canhebeillathome? 他会是生病在家吗？②Canthestorybetrue? 这个故事会是真的吗？ ③Hecannotbeathome. 他不可能在家。④Youmustn"tsmokewhileyouarewalkingaroundinthewoods.Youcouldstartafire.在林子里走时一定不要吸烟，那样可能会引起火灾。4.表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。eg.①Howcanyoubesocareless? 你怎么这么粗心？②Wherecan/couldtheyhavegone? 他们会去了哪里？ ③Hecan"t/couldn"tbeoversixty. 他不可能超过60岁。25． 5.could可以用在虚拟条件句中。eg.①IfIcouldfly,Ishouldbeveryhappy. 如果我能飞，我会很高兴。②Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youcouldhavefinishedit.如果你当时听我的，你早就做完了。③Ifyouhadtriedharder,youcouldhavepassedyourexam.如果你再努力些，你就能通过考试了。6.can与beableto的区别:(1)can表示“能力”时，和beableto相当，许多场合都可以互相替换。但当叙述过去经过一番努力才能完成的事情或前面有特殊说明，表示你有能力时，只能用beableto。【正】Canyouspeakanyforeignlanguages?     你会说外语吗？【正】Areyouabletospeakanyforeignlanguages?     你会说外语吗？【误】Thefirespreadthebuildingquicklybuteverybodycouldescape.【正】Thefirespreadthebuildingquicklybuteverybodywasabletoescape.     大火迅速蔓延到整幢大楼，但大家都逃了出来。【正】Thefirespreadthebuildingquicklybuteverybodymanagedtoescape.大火迅速蔓延到整幢大楼，但大家都想法逃了出来。(2)beableto比can有更多形式。eg.①Noonecouldanswerthequestion.没人能回答这个问题。(这里could可用wasableto代替） ②Whenhegrowsup,hewillbeabletosupporthisfamily. 他长大后就能养家了。 ③Frankisill.Hehasn"tbeenabletogotoschoolforoneweek.弗兰克病了，已经一周没去上学了。 ④I"msorryfornotbeingabletohelpyouintime. 对不起，不能及时帮你的忙。(3)could经常和动词see,hear,smell,taste,feel,remember,understand等连用。eg.①Whenwewentintothehouse,wecouldsmellsomethingburning. 当我们走进屋子时，我们闻到什么东西烧焦了。(不用wasableto) ②Shespokeinaverylowvoice,butIcouldunderstandwhatshesaid. 虽然她讲话的声音很低，但我还是明白了她说的话。(4)在谈论说话时发生的动作，用can，不用beableto。 【误】Look!I"mabletoswim.【正】Look!Icanswim.    看，我会游泳了！小测试：1.I__________cometohishelpbecauseIwasfreethatday.A.couldB.canC.amabletoD.wasableto2.Hedidn’tdiveintotherivertosavethemanthoughhe________.A.couldB.mustC.wasabletoD.wouldbeableto3.He’shurthisleg;he___________walkforalongtime.A.can’tB.couldn’tC.hasn’tbeenabletoD.can’thavebeenableto4.I____________workouttheproblemifIhaveagoodsleep.A.canB.canbeabletoC.amabletoD.willbeableto5.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone____________getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto6.Thisjob___________befinishedinsuchashorttime.A.can’tB.isn’tC.mustn’tD.don’tneed7.“Who___________itbeatthedoor?”“It____________beourteacher.”A.can;canB.could;couldC.can;mustD.must;can8.He____________beathomenow,forIsawhiminthestreetjustnow.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.won’t9.“What___________itbe?”“It_____________amailbox,foritismoving.It__________beacar.A.can;can’t;mustB.can;can;mustC.can;mustn’t;mustn’tD.must;mustn’t;can10.Ididn’tseetheprofessorinthemeeting-roomthismorning.He______________atthemeeting.A.mustn’thavespokenB.couldn’tspeakC.can’thavespokenD.shouldn’thavespoken11.Ididn’thearthephone;I_________________asleep.25． A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen12.Acomputer_____________thinkforitself;Itmustbetoldwhattodo.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.maynotD.mightnot13.“Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.”“It_________acomfortablejourney.”A.can’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen14.She_____________,soshedidn’tgoinfortherace.A.couldn’twinB.couldn’thavewonC.can’thavewonD.couldn’thavewon15.They_______________thereintime,buttheyhadanaccident.A.couldgetB.cangetC.couldhavegotD.musthavegot16._____________shehavegonetoschool?It’sSunday.A.ShallB.MustC.MayD.Can17.Jack___________yet;otherwisehewouldhavephonedme.A.mustn’thavearrivedB.shouldn’thavearrivedC.can’thavearrivedD.needn’thavearrived18.“CouldIborrowyourdictionary?”“Yes,ofcourseyou___________.”A.mightB.willC.canD.should19.“___________hehavemissedthebus?”“Yes,he______________.”A.May;mayhaveB.Can;mayhaveC.Can;mayD.May;canhaveC．must和haveto的区别:1．must表示有做某一动作的必要或义务，强调主观看法，可译为“必须，应该”。eg.①Everyonemustobeytherule. 人人都必须遵守制度。 ②Wemustdoeverythingstepbystep. 我们必须逐步做每件事。 ③Teachersmustbepatientenoughwiththeirstudents. 老师必须对学生有足够的耐心。2．haveto表示因客观需要促使主语不得不做某事。eg.①Youcan"tturnrighthere.Youhavetoturnleft. 你不能在这里右拐，你必须左拐。 ②Myeyesightisverypoor.Ihavetowearglassesforreading.我的视力很差，看书时不得不戴眼镜。 ③Youhavetopassatestbeforeyoucangetadrivinglicense.你在取得驾照之前必须先通过考试。提示：在口语中，我们可以使用havegotto来代替haveto.eg.①I"vegottoworkonSunday. 我不得不星期天工作。②WhenhasAnngottogo?安必须什么时候走？3.must与haveto的比较。 must与haveto在表示“必须”这个意思时意义相近，但在用法上有所区别。 (1)must含有说话者的强烈决意(表示主观的看法)，haveto则表示外力环境或习惯使然(即表示客观的必要，作“不得不”解)。eg.①Imuststudyhard. 我必须努力学习。(发自内心的决定) ②Ihavetostudyhard. 我不得不努力学习。(外界因素逼迫) ③Youmuststayforsupper. 你必须留下来吃晚饭。(becauseIwantyouto) ④Youhavetostayforsupper. 你得留下来吃晚饭。(becausethereisnowhereelsetogo) (2)must只有一种形式，而haveto可有多种时态。eg.①Theyhadtoputoffthesportsmeetduetothebadweather.由于坏天气，他们不得不推迟运动会。 ②Theselasttwodayshehashadtotakearestathome.这两天他必须一直在家休息。 (3)must的否定式和haveto的否定式的意思完全不同。eg.①Youmustkeepitasecret.Youmustn"ttellanyone.你必须保密，你不可以告诉任何人。(mustn"t表示“禁止”) ②Youdon"thavetotellmethesecret.你不必告诉我这个秘密。(don"thaveto意思是“没有必要”=don"tneedto)4．must用于表示推测，它的肯定程度比may,might,could大得多，一般只用于肯定句。 (1)mustdo(这里的do通常是状态动词或系动词)，表示对现在状态的推测。eg.①Hemustbeverylazy,forhisdeskisveryuntidy. 他肯定很懒，因为他的课桌很不整洁。 ②Carolmustgetveryboredwithherjob.Shedoesthesamethingeveryday. 卡罗尔肯定对她的工作厌烦了，她每天都做同样的事。25．  (2)mustbedoing表示对现在动作或状态的推测。 eg.Putonmoreclothes.Youmustbefeelingcoldwithonlyashirton.多穿点儿衣服，你只穿一件衬衣，肯定觉得冷。 (3)musthavedone表示对过去的动作或状态的推测。 eg.①Thegroundiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight. 地面是湿的，昨晚肯定下雨了。 ②Ididn"thearthephone.Imusthavebeenasleep. 我没听见电话铃响，我一定是睡着了。 提示：must表示推测只用于肯定句，否定句和疑问句要用can,could来代替must。eg.①He"sjusthadhislunch.Hecan"tbehungryalready.他刚吃过午饭，不会饿的。 ②Theyhavejustarrivedhere.Theycan"tknowmanypeople.他们刚到这里，不可能认识很多人。 ③Lesliewalkedpastmewithoutspeaking.Hecan"t/couldn"thaveseenme. 莱斯利从我身边走过而没打招呼，他肯定没看见我。5.must可用来表示根据逻辑推理必然要发生的事，可译为“必然会，总是会”。eg.①Weallmustdie. 我们都会死。②Truthmustbeout. 真相必然会大白的。③Wintermustbefollowedbyspring. 冬天到了，春天还会远吗？6.must有时可用来表示“偏偏”的意思。eg.①Whymustitraintoday? 为什么偏偏在今天下雨？ ②WhenIwastakinganap,astudentmustknockatthedoor.正当我午睡时，偏偏一个学生在这个时候来敲门。小测试：1.“Mustwedoitnow?”“No,you_____________.”A.won’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.mustn’t2.Theteachersaidthestudents____________smokeatschool.A.needn’tB.maynotC.mustn’tD.wouldn’t3.He____________gotoseeadoctorbeforeitistoolate.A.mustB.needC.mightD.shall4.“__________wefinishallthehomeworkinclass?”“Yes,you___________.”A.Shall;willB.Need;canC.Can;mightD.Must;must5.“MustIputmybikehere?”“No,you________________.”A.don’thavetoB.can’tC.mustn’tD.don’tneed6.Ididn’thearthephone;I____________asleep.A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen7.Whereismypen?I______________it.A.mightloseB.wouldhavelostC.shouldhavelostD.musthavelost8.Peter________comewithustonight;butheisn’tverysureyet.A.mustB.mayC.canD.will9.It’sseveno’clock.Jack_____________behereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can10.Isawhimtojustnow;he____________havegoneShanghaiA.mustB.mustn’tC.canD.can’t11.“Whataretheydoingoverthere?”“They_____________aboutyou.”A.musttalkB.musthavetalkedC.mustbetalkingD.musttalking12.WhenIgothomelastnight,it_________teno’clock.A.shouldbeB.couldbeC.mustbeD.musthavebeen13.Jack_____________already;otherwisehewouldn’thavetelephonedme.A.mustarriveB.musthavearrivedC.canarriveD.canhavearrivedD.will和would:1.will和would可用于第二人称疑问句，表示请求和建议等。would比will委婉客气。eg.①Willyouhavesometea? 你喝点茶，好吗？ ②Willyoushareyourhappinesswithus? 你可以把你的欢乐与我们共享吗？ ③Wouldyoupassthisbooktothestudentinthelastrow?请你把这本书传给最后一排的学生好吗？必背： Will/Wouldyou...?表示请求和建议的答复。肯定回答 Yes,please.是的，请。 Certainly.当然可以。 Sure.当然了。Allright.好啊！25． 否定回答I"msorry.Ican"t.对不起，不行。No,thankyou.不，不行。No,Iwon"t.不，不行。2.will和would可表示意志、愿望和决心，用于各种人称陈述句。eg.①Iwilldoanythingforyou. 我愿为你做任何事。 ②Iwillnevertellyouthesecret. 我永远不会告诉你这个秘密。 ③Noneissoblindasthosewhowon"tsee. 不愿看的人眼睛最瞎。 ④Theywouldnotlethiminbecausehewaspoorlydressed.他们不让他进去因为他衣着破旧。3.will和would可表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。will表示现在的习惯动作，would表示过去的习惯动作eg.①HewillsurftheInterneteverynight. 他每天晚上都在上网。 ②Theboywillsittherehourafterhourlookingatthetrafficgoby.那男孩常常坐在那儿好几个钟头，看着车辆行人通过。 ③Hewouldbenervouswhenhemetstrangers. 遇见陌生人时他总是很紧张。 ④Inclasshewouldasksomesillyquestions,andhisclassmateswouldlaughathim. 课上，他总是问一些蠢问题，他的同学们总是嘲笑他。4.will可表示固执坚持，这时will不可使用"ll的简略形式。用于非人称主语时，表示物体的固有性质和倾向eg.①Iwilltakethejob,andnoonecanstopme. 我就要这个工作，没有人可阻止我。 ②Hewon"tdowhathe"stold. 他就是不愿按所吩咐的去做。③Thewindowwon"topen. 窗子打不开。 ④Thisglasswillnotcrackunderheavypressure. 这种玻璃在重压下也不会破碎。5.will表示将来时间时，不可用于条件状语从句，但will表示意愿或决心时，可用于条件状语从句。eg.①Ifyouwillreadthebook,I"lllendittoyou. 如果你愿意读这本书，我会把它借给你。 ②Ifyouwillgiveupsmoking,yourhealthwillimprove.如果你愿意把烟戒掉的话，你的健康状况就会好转。6.will和would可表示推论或猜测。eg.①Thepatienttookthesleepingpillsanhourago.Hewillbeasleepnow.病人一小时前吃的安眠药，现在应该睡着了。 ②Itwouldbeabouttenwhenhelefthome.. 他大约在十点钟离开的家。 ③Ithoughthewouldhavetoldyouaboutit. 我认为他已告知你此事。 ④Itwouldberainingwhenshewenthome.. 她回家时可能正在下雨。比较：Wouldyoulike...?表示邀请 /Doyoulike...?表示习惯 eg.①——Doyoulikegoing/togothecinema? 你喜欢看电影吗？——Yes,Igotothecinemaalot.  是的，我经常去看电影。 ②——Wouldyouliketogotothecinematonight? 今天晚上去看电影好吗？——Yes,I"dloveto. 非常乐意。E.shall和should:1.shall (1)表示征询意见或请求指示，用于一、三人称疑问句。eg.①ShallIcarryitforyou? 我来帮你搬它，好吗？②Shallwesingasong? 我们唱一支歌，好吗？ ③Shalltheywaitoutside? 让他们在外面等吗？ ④Shallthewaiterbringmealstoyourroom? 要服务员把饭送到你房间去吗？提示：eg.①ShallIopenthewindow? 我打开窗子好吗？②Willyouopenthewindow? 你打开窗子好吗？ ③Shallheopenthewindow? 他打开窗子好吗？ (2)表示说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思，用于第二、三人称陈述句中。 eg.①YoushalldoasIsay. 按我说的做。(命令) ②Heshallbesorryforitoneday,Itellyou. 我告诉你，总有一天他会后悔的。(警告) ③Youshallfallbehindinyourexamifyoukeepplaying.如果你一直玩，你就会在考试中落后。 ④Nothingshallstopusfromcarryingouttheplan.什么也阻止不了我们执行这项计划。(决心)25．  ⑤HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishreading. 我看完这本书就给他看。(允诺) ⑥Ishalldomyhomeworkafterreadingthisstorybook.. 读完这本故事书后我就做作业。2.should (1)表示义务，意为“应该”(某件事宜于做)，用于各种人称。 eg.①Childrenshouldobeytheirparents. 儿童应该服从他们的父母。 ②Oneshouldn"tbeselfish. 人千万别自私。 ③Customerswhogetbadserviceshouldcomplain,shouldn"tthey?没有得到满意服务的顾客应该抱怨，不是吗？ (2)常与what,how,why等词连用，表示意外、惊讶等情绪。 eg.①HowshouldIknow? 我怎么会知道呢?②WhyshouldIfear? 我为什么会害怕？ ③Whatshouldshedobutcryforhelp? 除了呼救外，她还能干什么？ ④Idon"tknowwhyyoushouldthinkIdidit. 我真不知道你凭什么认为这件事是我干的。(3)表示对过去、现在或将来情况的某种推测，可译为“可能、照说应该”。 eg.①Itshouldbefinetomorrow. 明天可能天是晴天。②Heshouldbetakingabathnow. 他可能在洗澡。 ③It"snearlyseveno"clock.Jackshouldbehereatanymoment.已经快七点了，杰克随时都可能到这儿。 ④Thefilmshouldbeverygoodasitisstarringfirst-classactors.这部新电影是一流演员主演的，估计拍得很好。 (4)表示对现在或以前的动作的责怪、批评(应做的事却没做)。eg.①Theboysshouldn"tbeplayingfootball.Theyshouldbeatschool.这些男孩子不应该在踢足球，他们应该在上课。 ②Youshouldn"thaveenteredtheteachers"officewithoutpermission.没有允许你们不应该进老师办公室。 小测试：1.Where_____________thestudentswaitonSundaymorning?A.shallB.wouldC.needD.do2.Shedislikestheman;she___________nevermarryhim.A.shallB.willC.wouldD.should3.Ifyou___________studyhard,you’llfailintheexam.A.can’tB.shouldn’tC.won’tD.mustn’t4.Tellmethetruth,____________you?A.doB.don’tC.canD.will5.Howeverhetries,thecar_____________.A.won’tstartB.won’tbestartedC.can’tstartD.can’tbestarting6.“CanIhelpyou,sir?”“Yes,Iboughttheradiohereyesterday,butit_____________.”A.didn’tworkB.won’tworkC.can’tworkD.doesn’twork7.Motherpromisedmeshe__________buymeanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.A.istoB.willC.wouldD.shall8.____________youlikesomeonetotakemetothetheatre?A.WillB.MayC.WouldD.Shall9.People___________thinkthatthesunwentaroundtheearth.A.shouldB.wouldC.couldD.usedto10._____________youbekindenoughtohelpme?A.ShouldB.ShallC.WouldD.Will11.Ifyou____________seemyteacher,pleasegivemyregards.A.shallB.wouldC.shouldD.doF.oughtto:1．表示义务，意为“应该”(因责任、义务而该做)，口气比should稍重。eg.①Weoughttodefendourcountry. 我们应当保卫我们的国家。(每一个公民应尽的义务)②Yououghttorespectyourparents. 你应当尊敬你的父母。 ③Oughtn"twetodoeverythingpossibletostoppollution?难道我们不应当尽可能地制止污染?2.表示推测，暗含很大的可能，可译为“应该是，会是”。eg.①Pricesoughttocomedownsoon. 价格可能会很快下跌。 ②HanMeioughttoknowhistelephonenumber. 韩梅该知道他的电话号码。 ③There"safinesunset;itoughttobeafinedaytomorrow.今天有晚霞，明天应该是个好天。3.oughtto和should一样，表示对现在或以前应做的事却没做的责怪、批评。eg.①Yououghttobewashingyourclothes.WhyareyouplayingPing-Pong? 你应该在洗衣服(可是你没洗)。为什么你在打乒乓球？ ②Yououghttohavehandedintheexerciselastweek.你上周就应当交练习。(可你没交，含责备的意思。)25．  ③Heoughttohaveaskedmebeforehetookmybike. 他在用我自行车之前应该和我讲一声。4.oughtto与should的比较。 oughtto和should的含义较近，但不完全相同。oughtto表示“应该”，是从“义务”或“按理推断”的角度来讲的。should则是从说话人的个人看法这一角度来讲的。eg.①Youarehermother.Yououghttolookafterher. 你是她的母亲，你应当照管她。(是道义上的责任，不能和should互换。) ②Weshouldencouragehim,forwearehisclassmates.我们应该鼓励他，我们是他的同班同学啊！提示：表示“义务”时，我们在口语中可以用hadbetter或besupposedto来代替should和oughtto。eg.①Ifyouarenotwell,youhadbetteraskAlicetogoinstead.如果你不舒服，你最好叫艾丽丝代替你去。 ②I"msupposedtobethereat8o"clock. 我应该八点到那里。G.usedto:1.usedto表示过去的习惯或过去某时期的状况，但现在已不存在。eg.①Heusedtodrinkteabutnowhedrinkscoffee.他过去总是喝茶但现在他喝咖啡了。(强调现在不喝茶了) ②Iknowwherethereusedtobeariverhere. 我知道这儿以前哪里有条河。(现在没有河了) ③WhenIwasachild,Ididn"tusetoliketomatoes. 我小时候不喜欢吃西红柿。 ④Heisnotwhatheusedtobe.. 他已不是原来的他了。 ⑤Wheredidyouusetolivebeforeyoucamehere?来此之前你住在什么地方？2.would和usedto的用法区别。 (1)usedto表示过去与现在或过去某时与后来的情况有不同，强调“现已无此习惯了”，而would只表示过去的情况，与现在无关。eg.①Whenhewasyoung,hewouldsmokealot. 他年轻时总是吸许多烟。(不含有和现在比较，现在他也许还在抽，也许不抽了。) ②Heusedtoliveinthecountry,butnowhelivesinthecity.他过去住在乡下，现在住在城里。(2)usedto可表示过去的习惯动作或状态，而would只表示过去的习惯动作。 eg.①Kateusedtobeverythin. 以前凯特非常瘦。 ②Thereusedtobeabuildingatthestreetcorner,butithasbeenpulleddown. 街道拐角处过去有座楼房，现在拆了。(不用would)(3)usedto可泛指过去的习惯动作或状态，而would表示过去的习惯动作时，往往要带有一个特定的时间状语。【误】Wewouldplayhide-and-seekinthefields.【正】Weusedtoplayhide-and-seekinthefields.      我们过去常在田野里玩捉迷藏。【正】Wheneverwewereinthecountry,wewouldplayhide-and-seekinthefields.每当我们在乡下，我们都在田野里玩捉迷藏。H.dare:既可用作情态动词，也可用作行为动词，指勇气和胆量上的可能，可译为“敢”。1．情态动词dare (1)dare作为情态动词时主要用于疑问句和否定句，一般不用于肯定句中。eg.①Idarenot/daren"twalkthroughtheforestatnight. 我不敢在黑夜穿过森林。 ②---Dareyouwalkthroughtheforestatnight? 你敢在黑夜穿过森林吗？ ---Yes,Idare. 是的，我敢。---No,Idaren"t. 不，我不敢。 ③Hedarenotdrivetoofastontherainyday. 下雨天他不敢开得太快。 ④Hedarednotdoitlastyear. 去年他不敢做这事。(dare的过去时为dared)(2)可以用于表示怀疑的名词性从句中。eg.①Iwonderhowhedaresaysuchthings. 我真奇怪他怎么竟敢说出这样的话。 ②Wedon"tknowwhetherhedareclimbthemountain. 我们不知道他是否敢爬那座山。(3)可以用于条件状语从句中。25． eg.①Iftheenemydareenterthevillage,we"llfightagainstthemtotheend.果敌人敢进入村里，我们就和他们战斗到底。 ②Ifyoudarecheatinyourexam,Iwillgiveyousomepunishment.如果你们敢在考试中作弊，我就惩罚你们。2.行为动词dare (1)dare可以作为行为动词，多用于肯定句中，但也可用在疑问句和否定句中eg.①Hewilldareanydanger. 他敢面对任何危险。 ②Hedaredmetojumpoverthestream. 他激我跳过小溪。 ③Didanyonedaretoadmitit? 有人敢于承认吗？ ④Ihaveneverdared(to)gobacktotakealook.我再也不敢返回去看一眼了。（否定句中to可省略） (2)和其他行为动词一样，dare在句子中要随着主语的人称和数发生变化。eg.①Hedoesn"tdaretowalkatnight. 他不敢走夜路。（作行为动词） ②Hedaren"twalkatnight. 他不敢走夜路。（作情态动词） ③Doeshedaretowalkatnight? 他敢走夜路吗？（作行为动词） ④Darehewalkatnight? 他敢走夜路吗？（作情态动词） ⑤Hedidn"tdaretowalkatnightfifteenyearsago. 15年前他不敢走夜路。（作行为动词） ⑥Hedaren"twalk(=darednotwalk)atnightfifteenyearsago.15年前他不敢走夜路。（作情态动词） ⑦Willyoudaretodothesameexperimenttomorrow? 明天你敢做同样的实验吗？（作行为动词） ⑧Dareyoudothesameexperimenttomorrow？ 明天你敢做同样的实验吗？（作情态动词）必背：英语口语中dare的几个常用结构： ●Idaresay...  我想,大概,可能,或许…eg.Idaresaythingswillimprove.    我想情况会好转的。 ●Howdareyou...    你怎么敢……？eg.Howdareyouaskmesuchaquestion?    你怎么敢问我这样的问题？ ●Idareyou...    我谅你也不敢……eg.Idareyoutotellyourparents!我谅你也不敢告诉你父母！小测试：1.Theydidn’tdaretogothere,___________they?A.daredB.dareC.didD.do2.“Dareyougohomeatnight?”“_______________.”A.Yes,IdoB.No,Idon’tC.No,Idaren’tD.Yes,Idaren’t3.Dothey____________formoremoney?A.dareaskB.daredaskC.dareaskingD.daretoasking4.Henever____________thereagain.A.daresgoingB.daregoingC.daregoD.darestogoingI.need1.情态动词need need和dare一样，作为情态动词时，主要用于否定句和疑问句，一般不用于肯定句中(在肯定句中常被must,haveto,oughtto,should等情态动词取代)。作为情态动词，它的词形只有need一种形式。eg.①Youneedn"treturnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.　你现在不必还书， 如果愿意，你可以下周还。(needn"t=don"thaveto)eg.②NeedIhandinmyhomeworknow? 我现在就要交家庭作业吗？ ③---Needhefinishthearticlenextweek.　他要下个星期完成这篇文章吗？ ---Yes,hemust.　是的，他必须完成。---No,heneedn"t. 不，他不需要。(=hedoesn"thaveto)2.行为动词need need和dare一样，也可以作行为动词，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中。行为动词need有人称和数的变化。eg.①Plantneedswater. 植物需要水。 ②Myshirtneedsabutton. 我的衬衫需要一枚钮扣。 ③Mycarneedsrepairing. 我的车该修理了。 ④Hehasgrownup.Wedon"tneedtoworryabouthim. 他已经长大了，我们不必为他担心。 ⑤Youdon"tneedtobuysomanythingsforthepicnic. 你不必为这次野餐买这么多东西。 ⑥Patienceisneededforthatjob. 干那工作，需要耐心。提示：Need作为情态动态时，不要用于肯定句中。 【误】Sheneeddoherhomeworkbyherself.25． (need作为情态动词时，不用于肯定句中) 【正】Sheneedstodoherhomeworkbyherself.       她该独立完成家庭作业。小测试：1.You_________returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot2.“ShallItellJohnaboutit?”“No,you_______________.I’vetoldhimalready.A.needn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.shouldn’t3.I____________somuchwine;onlythreepeoplecame.A.needn’tboughtB.needn’thaveboughtC.don’tneedtobuyD.todidn’tneedbuy4.“Needyougothereatonce?”“Yes,I_______________.”A.needB.doC.mustD.should5.Sheneeds___________thenewsatonce.A.tellingB.beingtoldC.tobetoldD.totell三、 情态动词+动词完成式“情态动词+havedone”是情态动词的一个十分重要的结构，这种结构有两个主要的用法。  表示对过去发生的动作或状态的推测或估计 (1)may /might+havedone 表示“大概已经” 通常用于肯定句和否定句。might有时可用于疑问句。 (2)can /could+havedone 表示“可能已经” 通常用于疑问句和否定句。could有时可用于肯定句。 (3)must+havedone 表示“一定已经” 只用于肯定句，具有较大的可能性。 (4)should+havedone表示“该”,可能性较小  表示对过去发生的动作的遗憾或责备。 (5)might+havedone 表示“本可以” 通常用于肯定句。 (6)could+havedone 表示“本可以” 通常用于肯定句。 (7)should+havedone 表示“应该” 可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。 (8)oughtto+havedone 表示“应该” 同shouldhavedone。 (9)needn"thavedone       表示“本没有必要”。       只用于否定句。A.may/might+havedone1.表示对过去事实不大肯定的推测，常译为“可能已经”。eg.①Theymighthavetakenalatertrain.也许他们乘坐的是晚一点儿的火车。 ②Heseemstoknowthecityquitewell.Hemayhavebeentherebefore.他似乎对那个城市很熟悉，他以前可能去过那儿。 2.表示“本来应该或可以做但没有做某事”，含有轻微的责备口吻或遗憾。eg.①Youmighthavegivenhimmorehelp,thoughyouwerebusy.你本来应该给他更多的帮助，虽然你很忙。 ②Theproposalmighthavebeenrefused.这个建议本该拒绝的。B.can/could+havedone1.表示对过去事实的推测，常用于否定句和疑问句。eg.①Hecan"t/couldn"thavewatchedTVyesterdayforheknewtheywouldhaveanexam.昨天他不可能看电视，因为他知道快要考试了。②Idon"tknowwhyshedidn"tcallmeyesterday.Can(Could)shehaveforgottenmytelephonenumber?我不知道昨天她为什么没给我打电话，难道她会把我的电话号码忘了吗？③Hedidn"tcometoschoolyesterday.Canhehavebeenill?他昨天没来学校，难道他生病了吗?2.could可表示对过去能做而未做的事感到惋惜、遗憾，可译成“本来是可以……的”。eg.①Whydidn"tSophiaapplyforthejob?Shecouldhavegotit.为什么索菲不申请这项工作？她本来是能得到的。 ②WhydidyoustayatahotelwhenyouwenttoNewYork?YoucouldhavestayedwithBarbara. 你到纽约时为什么住宾馆？你完全可以和芭芭拉住在一起的。③Givenmoretime,wecouldhavedonetheworkbetter.如果给我们更多的时间，我们完全可以把这项工作干得更好。C.must+havedone1.表示对过去事实有把握的推测，具有较大的可能性。只用于肯定句中，否定句和疑问句用can/couldhavedone。eg.①Hiswatchmusthavestopped.他的表肯定停了。 ②---Irangyourflatyesterday.AmanansweredbutIdidn"trecognizethevoice.25． 昨天我给你家打电话，一位男士接了电话，但我没听出来是谁的声音。 ---Oh,itmusthavebeenmybrotherPeter. 哦，那一定是我哥哥彼得。2.用于虚拟语气中时，表示与过去事实相反。 eg.①Youmusthavecaughtthebusifyouhadgotupearlier. 如果你早一点儿起床的话，你准能赶上那一班公共汽车了。(事实上没有赶上公共汽车) ②Hemusthavewonthegameifhehadbeencarefulenough.如果他足够细心的话，他准能赢得比赛。.D.needn"t+havedone:用于对过去的责备，表示“没有必要做某事，可是做了”。eg.①Theairportisclosetous.Youneedn"thavehurriedthereearly.机场离这儿很近，你没必要早早地赶到那里。(可是你早早地到那儿了) ②Heisstillyoung.Youneedn"thavesenthimsuchanexpensivepresent.他还小，你没必要送他这么昂贵的礼物。注意：如表示“过去不必做也没有做”之意，需用didn"tneedtodo。eg.Itisnotcoldtoday.Ididn"tneedtotakethethicksweatersout.今天天气不冷，我没有必要把厚毛衣拿出来。(实际上也没拿)E.should/oughtto+havedone1.表示对过去动作的责备或批评。eg.①Youshouldhavegoneoveryourlessons.(Infactyoudidn"tgooveryourlessons.)你们应把功课复习好的。(可事实上你们没有。) ②Youshouldn"thavewatchedTVlastnight.(InfactyouwatchedTVlastnight.)你们昨天晚上本不该看电视。（可你们看了。） ③Yououghtn"ttohaveenteredtheteachers"officewithoutpermission.没有经过允许，你们本不该进老师的办公室。 ④Yououghtn"ttohavegonetothedesertedplacealone. 你不该独自去那荒凉之地。2.表示期待或推测。eg.①Iftheflightwasontime,youshould /oughttohavearrivedinShanghaiearlythismorning.如果航班准点的话，你今早就能到上海了。 ②Thebuildingshould /oughttohavebeencompletedbytheendoftheweek.这幢建筑物本周末前应该能完工。F.would+havedone表示与过去事实相反的假设或结果。eg.①Iwouldhavebeenhappytoseehim,butIdidn"thavetime.我会很高兴和他见面的，但我没时间见他。 ②Ifyourfatherhadstillbeenalive,hewouldhavefeltveryproudofyou.你父亲如果还健在的话，他会为你骄傲的。从高考题看情态动词的用法:最近几年高考试题中常常借助语境来考查情态动词的基本用法及其区别，因此在平时学习时准确理解和掌握情态动词的基本用法十分重要。情态动词的用法复杂多变，在高考试题中，命题者常常利用语境和句子之间意义上的细微差别来考查学生对情态动词的理解和掌握。对于情态动词，除了要求考生能够准确掌握它们的基本用法外，还要充分利用高考试题所设置的语境来分析句子之间所体现的特殊关系。下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析，以便复习掌握。一、用“情态动词＋have＋done”结构表示对过去动作的推测。高考试题中常用过去时态或过去的时间状语给以暗示。情态动词的这一用法可以用“对立统一”来概括。1．当试题的前句和后句在动作和意义上相互补充说明，且整个句意在动作和时间上是一个整体时，我们可用“统一”关系来解决这样的试题。常见的结构有：musthavedone：表示对过去动作的肯定推测，常译作“一定做了……”，只能用于肯定句中。其否定形式为can"t／couldn"thavedone疑问式为Can／Could...havedone？。could／mighthavedone：表示对过去发生的动作的可能性推测，常译作“可能做了……”。eg.①SorryI"mlate．I____________haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain．(北京2000春)A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will解析：该题前句说明了结果，后句接着说出了产生这种结果的可能性，对前句进行补充说明。分析选项可知本题应选A。25． ②MysistermethimattheGrandTheateryesterdayafternoon,sohe＿＿＿＿＿yourlecture．(上海2000)A.couldn"thaveattendedB.needn"thaveattendedC.mustn"thaveattendedD.shouldn"thaveattended解析：该题前句叙说一个客观事实，后句对前句进行补充说明，分析选项可知C是错误的而B、D两项不符合题意。故本题选A。③Jack＿＿＿＿yet,otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme．(上海"97)A.mustn"thavearrivedB.shouldn"thavearrivedC.can"thavearrivedD.neednothavearrived(C)2．当试题的前后句在动作和意义上构成转折关系时，常借助“but,however,instead”等词来表示过去的动作与客观事实不符，这时我们就可以用“对立”关系来解决这样的试题。这种结构常见的有：shouldhavedone／oughttohavedone：表示过去本应该做某事而实际上没有做。shouldnothavedone／oughtnottohavedone：表示过去本不应该做某事但事实上却做了。needhavedone：表示过去本来有必要去做某事，但事实上没有做。neednothavedone：表示过去本来没有必要做某事，但事实上却做了。eg.①Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou．You＿＿＿＿＿homewithoutaword．(NMET2001)A.mustn"tleave   B.shouldn"thaveleft  C.couldn"thaveleft   D.needn"tleave解析：分析该题前后句之间的关系和语气可知，事实上是“本不应该离家出走却走了”，故本题选B。②ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsI＿＿＿＿＿forher．(NMET"94)A.hadtowriteitoutB.musthavewrittenitoutC.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.oughttowriteitout解析：由句中的连词but可知前后句之间是对立关系，分析题意可知本题应选C。二、考查情态动词基本用法之间的比较和辨析。最近几年高考试题中常借助具体的语境来考查考生对那些最常见的情态动词的基本用法的理解和掌握，因此在做这样的试题时应认真分析语境中所含的实际意义，并结合情态动词的基本含义和用法做出正确的选择。eg.①—IsJohncomingbytrain？—Heshould,buthe＿＿＿＿＿＿not．Helikesdrivinghiscar．(NMET2002)A.mustB.canC.needD.may解析：mustn"t表示“禁止、不准”；cannot表示“不可能”；neednot表示“不必要”；maynot表示“可能不”。分析语境可知本题应选D。②—Ihearyou"vegotasetofvaluableAustraliancoins．＿＿＿＿＿＿Ihavealook？—Yes,certainly．(北京2002春)A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should解析：分析语境可知这是在征求对方的许可，may表示“允许、可以”，语气比较委婉shall常用于第一、三人称作主语的疑问句中,表示征求对方意见和指示，如果此空用shall，则意为“要（我）看一下吗？”，不符合上下文意思。故本题选B。③Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything．How＿＿＿＿itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony？(上海2001春)A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must解析：mustbe表示肯定的猜测，只能用于肯定句中，由题意可知本题应选A。④—AreyoucomingtoJeff"sparty？—I"mnotsure．I＿＿＿＿gototheconcertinstead．(NMET2000)A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might解析：由题意和下句中的“I"mnotsure”可知这段对话中存在一种可能性推测，might可以用来表示一种比较委婉的可能性判断，故本题选D。⑤Ishouldhavebeenthere,butI＿＿＿＿＿notfindthetime．(上海2000春)A.wouldB.couldC.mightD.should解析：分析题意可知第二个分句表示过去的某种能力；C项只表示语气上的可能性，与题意不符。故本题选B。⑥Johnny,you＿＿＿＿playwiththeknife,you＿＿＿＿hurtyourself．(NMET"96)A.won"t;can"tB.mustn"t;mayC.shouldn"t;mustD.can"t;shouldn"t解析：mustn"t表示“不可以；禁止”，分析题意可知第二个空表示某种可能性，故本题选B。⑦—Willyoustayforlunch?—Sorry,＿＿＿＿＿＿．Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme．(NMET"99)A.Imustn"tB.Ican"tC.Ineedn"tD.Iwon"t解析：分析题意可知因为“我弟弟要来看我”，所以“不能留下”，因此对别人的邀请或要求应给予礼貌的拒绝。A项表示“禁止”；C项表示“不必要”；而D项表示“不会”，均不符合题意。故本题选B。25． ⑧—CouldIborrowyourdictionary？—Yes,ofcourseyou＿＿＿＿＿．(MET"92)A.mightB.willC.canD.should(C)⑨—WhencanIcomeforthephotos？Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon．—They________________bereadyby12:00．(NMET"98)A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need解析：该题考查情态动词should的基本含义，分析句意可知本题应选B。10)Theoldmanisalwayshuntingthelions,soterriblethings＿＿＿＿＿happentohim．(上海"96)A.mightB.wouldC.shouldD.could答案:C11)Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone＿＿＿＿getout．(NMET"97)A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto解析：该题考查了could和beableto的区别，二者都可表示过去时间的能力，但如果表示过去成功地做了某事只能使用was／wereabletodo，故本题选D。12)—ShallItellJohnaboutit？—No,you＿＿＿＿＿．I"vetoldhimalready．(NMET"94)A.needn"tB.wouldn"tC.mustn"tD.shouldn"t解析：情态动词shall在试题中表示征询对方意见或请求指示。答句暗示“没有必要了”，故本题选A。高中英语语法练习题——情态动词一、基础练习：1.He_____________havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn"tbeenjoyinghimselfbytheseaside.A.should B.must C.wouldn"t D.can"t 2.I_________havebeenmorethansixyearsoldwhentheaccidenthappened.A.shouldn"t B.couldn"t C.mustn"t D.needn"t3.Thiscakeisverysweet.You________alotofsugarinit.  A.shouldput B.couldhaveput C.mightput D.musthaveput4.Hepaidforaseat,whenhe_________haveenteredfree.A.could B.would    C.must     D.need5.Iwasonthehighwaywhenhiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.They________atleast150kilometersanhour.A.shouldhavebeendoing B.musthavebeendoingC.couldhavedone D.wouldhavedone 6.---Tomisneverlateforwork.Whyisheabsenttoday?---Something__________tohim.A.musthappen   B.shouldhavehappened C.couldhavehappened D.musthavehappened7.---DoyouknowwhereDavidis?Icouldn"tfindhimanywhere.---Well.He______havegonefarhiscoatisstillhere.A.shouldn"t B.mustn"tC.can"t D.wouldn"t8.---Lucydoesn"tmindlendingyouherdictionary.---She__________.I"vealreadyborrowedone.A.can"t B.mustn"t C.needn"tD.shouldn"t9.---Catherine,Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.---Thanks.You___________it.Icouldmanageitmyself.A.needn"tdo B.needn"thavedone C.mustn"tdoD.shouldn"thavedone10.There________beanydifficultyinpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepracticedalotinthedrivingschool.A.mustn"t B.shan"t C.shouldn"tD.needn"t11.----ThewomanbiologiststayedinAfricastudyingwildanimalsfor13yearsbeforeshereturned.----Oh,dear!She___________alotofdifficulties!A.maygothroughB.mightgothroughC.oughttohavegonethrough D.musthavegonethough 12.----I"vetakensomeoneelse"sgreensweaterbymistake.----It_________Harry"s.Healwayswearsgreen.A.hastobe B.willbe  C.mustn"tbe D.couldbe 13.Helen__________goonthetripwithus,butsheisn"tquitesureyet.A.shall   B.mustC.may      D.can14.IfI________plantodoanythingIwantedto,I"dliketogotoTibetandtravelthroughasmuchofitaspossible.A.would      B.could Chaveto   D.oughtto15.Youmightjustaswelltellthemanufacturerthatmalecustomers__________notlikethedesignofthefurniture.25． A.must      B.shall  C.may  D.need16.----Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere?----Well,ifyou___________know,hernameisMabel.A.may B.can C.mustD.shall17.Childrenunder12yearsofageinthatcountry__________beunderadultsupervisionwheninapubliclibrary.A.must  B.may  C.can D.need18."Theinterest___________bedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides,"declaredthejudge.A.may B.shouldC.mustD.shall19.----I"lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.----You____________herlastweek.A.oughttotell B.wouldhavetoldC.musttell D.shouldhavetold  20.I____________payTomavisit,butI"mnotsurewhetherIwillhavetimethisSunday.A.should  B.might C.would D.could21.----Idon"tmindtellingyouwhatIknow.----You____________.I"mnotaskingyouforit.A.mustn"t B.maynot C.can"t D.needn"t22.----Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.A.shan"t B.mightnot ----You___________havemycomputerifyoudon"ttakecareofit.C.needn"t D.shouldn"t23.----Excuseme.IsthattherightwaytotheSummerPalace?----Sorry,I"mnotsure,butit_____________be.A.might B.will C.mustD.can24.----Mum,I"vebeenstudyingEnglishsince8o"clock.____________IgooutandplaywithTomforawhile?----No,I"mafraidnot.Besides,it"srainingoutsidenow.A.can"t B.wouldn"t C.maynot D.won"t25.Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhouse.DoyouthinkI____________reportittothepolice?A.should B.may C.will D.can  26.Mr.White____________at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn"tshowup.A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarriveC.shouldhavehadarrived D.shouldbearriving27.You___________betired—you"veonlybeenworkingforanhour.A.mustnot   B.won"tC.can"t   D.maynot28.Becausethereisnolightintheroom,he__________bein.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.darenot29.—__________somemorepeopletodothework?—Yes,Ithinkwedo.A.NeedweaskforB.DoweneedtoaskforC.NeedwetoaskforD.Doweneedaskfor30.Henry__________beathomebecausehetelephonedmefromBeijingjustamomentago.A.needn’tB.isn’tabletoC.can’tD.doesnot31.—MayIsmokehere?—No,___________A.youmustn’tB.youmaynotC.you’dbetternotD.allthethreeanswers32.—Didyoucriticizehimforhismistakes?—Yes,but____________it.A.I’dnotratherB.I’drathernothavedoneC.I’dbetternotdoD.I’drathernotdoing33.—___________wegooutforawalk?—Goodidea.Whattineshallwemeet?A.ShallB.LetC.WillD.Must34.—Mustwefinishtheworktoday?—No,you____________.Youmayleavesometotomorrow.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.don’tD.needn’t35.Theseshoes___________Jim’s,Ithink.A.maybeB.maybeC.mayareD.mayis36.MybikeisbrokenandI__________gotoschoolonfoottoday.A.havetoB.hastoC.mustD.havingto37.You’veneverbeentomyhomethoughwearegoodfriends.Pleasedo____________myhome.A.tocomeroundB.comeuptoC.tocomealongD.comeoverto38.Couldyoutellmewhere__________findhim?A.couldweB.canweC.wecouldD.wecan39.Hetoldmethathe___________walkhomebecausetherewasnobusatthattime.A.hadbetterB.shouldC.hadtoD.must25． 40.“_______________Iphonehimnow?”“Certainly,you___________.”A.Need;needB.Can;mayC.May;canD.Must;need41.Thevillagers__________tofetchwaterfromdirtypoolbeforeliberation.A.IcouldB.mustC.hadD.might42.______________openthedoorforyou?A.WouldyoulikethatIB.DoyouwantmeC.WillID.ShallI43.I____________liketoknowwhereyouwereborn.A.shallB.shouldC.couldD.may44.He_____________gothereA.darenotB.don’tdareC.daresnotD.doesnotdare45.__________youpleasehelpmewithmylessons?A.ShallB.CanC.WillD.May46.Thekingsaidthathe____________makethefishermanrich.A.willB.mustC.wouldD.might47.____________youliketocometomyparty?A.ShallB.WouldC.ShouldD.Will48.—___________youplayfootballwithus?—Sorry,I____________.Itidymyroom.A.Will;won’t;mustB.Could;couldn’t;couldC.Can;can’t;havetoD.May;mayn’t;must49.—_____________Isingasongforyou?—No,thanks.Thisisalibrary,you______________singhere.A.May;mayB.Can;can’tC.May;mustn’tD.Must;maynot50.She_____________begoodatbothmathsandEnglish,______________she?A.must;mustn’tB.need;needn’tC.maynot;mayD.can’t;can51.Iamsorrythatyouwerelateforthemeeting.You___________ontimethismorning.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.oughttohavebeenD.oughttobe52.—MustIwashtheclothesbeforesupper?—No,you________________.Youcandoitaftersupper.A.needB.needn’tC.couldD.couldn’t53.You______________playfootballinthestreet.A.can’tB.mustC.needn’tD.mustn’t54.Hehasn’tcometoschool.Ithinkhe__________beill.A.canB.mustC.needn’tD.can’t55.—CouldIuseyourphone?—Yes，ofcourseyou________________.A.canB.couldC.mayD.might56.Noone____________thattohisface.A.daretsayB.daressaidC.daressayingD.daresay57.—WhereisTom?—Iamnotsure.He___________beintheclassroom.A.canB.mustC.mayD.might58.You____________tothemeetingthisafternoonifyouhavesomethingimportanttodo.A.needn’ttocomeB.don’tneedcomeC.don’tneedcomingD.needn’tcome59.Ihadtogohome,___________I?A.mustn’tB.didn’tC.hadn’tD.hadn’tto60.Heisaspooraspoor____________be.A.canB.mayC.mustD.should二、情态动词提高练习1．---ShallItellJohnaboutit?---No,you_____________.I’vetoldhimalready.A.needn’t B.wouldn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t2.---Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.---It______acomfortablejourney.A.can’tbe   B.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeen D.couldn’thavebeen3.---Whydidn’tyoucometoseeme?---I____________,butIwastoobusyyesterday.A.liketo   B.shouldliketoC.wouldliketohave  D.amgoingto4.Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentleman___________besorudetoalady.A.might    B.need  C.shouldD.would5.Therewasplentyoftime;she______________.A.mustn’thavehurried B.needn’thavehurriedC.maynothavehurried D.wouldn’thavehurried6.---IsJohncomingbyair?---Heshould,but___________not.Helikestakingtrains.A.must B.can C.need   D.may7.---__________itbeLiPingwhobroketheglass?---No.It_________beWangHaiwhodidit.A.Could;mayB.Can;can C.May;must   D.Can;must8.Whentheoldmanwasalive,he________sitforhoursatthedoor.A.would   B.could C.mustD.might25． 9.Jack,you_________playwiththeknife;you_________hurtyourself.A.won’t;can’t B.mustn’t;may C.shouldn’t;mustD.can’t;should10.I’vedecidedtotakethejobandI___________changemymind. A.mustn’t B.can’t C.won’t D.maynot11.She_________intothethickforestaloneonsuchadarknight.A.daresnotgo B.daresnottogoC.darenottogo D.doesn’tdaretogo12.Myparentsneverremembermytelephonenumber,andtheyalways___________lookitup.A.must B.can C.should D.haveto13.---WhereisJack?Ican’tfindhimanywhere.---He___________hishomeworkupstairs.A.mighthavedoneB.musthavedoneC.mightbedoing D.mustdo14.He______youmorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.A.mighthavegiven B.mightgive  C.mayhavegivenD.maygive15.---Ifhe__________,he____________thatfood.---Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned;wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottaken  D.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken16.---Ihearyou"vegotasetofvaluableAustraliancoins.___________Ihavealook?---Yes,certainly.A.DoB.May C.Shall D.Should17.—WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.—They__________bereadyby12:00.A.can B.should C.might D.need18.I_________suchamistakeagain.A.willnevermakeB.shallnevermakeC.canneverdoD.needneverdo19.Hebegantowritetwohoursago.He___________havefinishedthearticlenow.A.must B.oughtC.would D.hadto20.Lookingatmydeterminedface,thebigboy__________pickupthefight.A.daresnot  B.darenot C.doesn"tdareD.daresnotto21.—Youknowthatyouweredriving100kmanhour,don"tyou?—Noofficer,I_____________.Thiscardoesn"tdomorethan80.A.maynothavebeenB.couldn"thavebeenC.mustn"thavebeenD.shouldn"thavebeen22.Ithinkhecouldhavejoinedus,buthe__________.A.doesn"tB.did C.didn"tD.couldn"t23.—Why_________itrainnow?I________gototheconcertat7.—Whatapity!A.can,mightnot B.should,needn"tC.must,can"tD.need,mustn"t24.Hewascaughtintherainlastnight.That___________hiscold.A.canbringaboutB.oughttobringaboutC.shouldhavebroughtabout D.mayhavebroughtabout25.—Didyouvisitthefamousmuseum?—No,we_________,butwespenttoomuchtimeshopping.A.couldhavevisitedB.musthavevisitedC.can"thavevisitedD.shouldn"thavevisited26.—Youmustphoneuseveryweek.—Yes,I__________.A.must B.havetoC.willD.should27.Don"tthrowthebottlesaway.They___________inthefuture.A.mayneedB.areneeded C.canbeneeding D.mightbeneeded28.Englishisalanguagethatmanypeoplearoundtheworld___________notspeakperfectlybut__________atleastunderstand.A.may,canB.would,mightC.will,mustD.could,might29.—IwonderwhyMr.Wangdidn"tattendthelecture.—He___________anotherone.A.couldhaveB.musthaveC.mighthavehadD.shouldhavehad30.Hewastakenawaybythepolice.He________forarobber.A.mustbemistaken B.wasbeingmistakenC.mustmistakeD.musthavebeenmistaken31.—IwonderifI_________smokehere.—No,you_________.Couldyouseethesign"NoSmoking"there?A.can,needn"tB.shall,won’tC.must,can"tD.may,mustn"t32.—Ihaven"tseenMr.Whiteforweeks.—What________tohim?25． A.musthavehappenedB.mayhavehappenedC.canhavehappenedD.mayhappen33.—Ididn"tgotoworkyesterdayafternoonbecausemycarbrokedown.—You________mine.Iwasn"tusingit.A.mightborrow B.couldhaveborrowedC.canhaveborrowedD.oughttoborrow34.—Amanansweredthephone.Isupposeitwasherhusband.—It_________herhusband.Hehasbeendeadforages.A.mustn"tbe B.couldn"thavebeenC.maynothavebeenD.mustn"thavebeen35.ConsideringthatTomalwaysdidwellinallhissubjects,he__________inthefinalexam.A.mustn"tfailB.couldn"thavefailed C.oughtnottofailD.mustn"thavefailed36.She___________thehospitalsosoon,forshehasnotyetrecovered.A.wouldn"thaveleft B.shouldn"thaveleftC.mustn"thaveleftD.didn"thavetoleave37.—Ipromiseherdaughter__________getanicepresentonherbirthday.—Willitbeabigsurprisetoher?A.should B.mustC.would D.shall38.—What"swrongwithyourpen"?—Theink_________comeout.A.can"tB.doesn"tC.hasn"tD.won"t39."Whateveryouwant,you_________haveitonconditionthatyougetthebestresult."saidtheboss.A.wouldB.oughtto C.shall D.could40.Tom,youaresolazy!Thiswork___________hoursago.A.shouldfinishB.musthavefinishedC.shouldhavebeenfinishedD.mighthavefinished四、历年高考情态动词归纳：1.We______________forherbecauseshenevercame.(1988全国—5)A.needn’twaitB.shouldn’thavewaitedC.mustn’twaitD.mustn’thavewaited2.Ididn’thearthephone.I_______asleep.(1989全国—21)A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen3.He______________youmorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.(1990全国—25)A.mighthavegivenB.mightgiveC.mayhavegivenD.maygive4.Acomputer______________thinkforitself;itmustbetoldwhattodo.(1991全国—15)A.can’tB.couldn’tC.maynotD.mightnot5.—CouldIborrowyourdictionary？—Yes,ofcourseyou____________．(1992全国—12)A.mightB.willC.canD.should6.Peter___________comewithustonight,butheisn’tverysureyet.(1993全国—21)A.mustB.mayC.canD.will7.ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsI_____________forher．(1994全国—16)A.hadtowriteitoutB.musthavewrittenitoutC.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.oughttowriteitout8.—ShallItellJohnaboutit？—No,you_____________．I"vetoldhimalready．(1994)A.needn"tB.wouldn"tC.mustn"tD.shouldn"t9.—Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.—It_________acomfortablejourney.(1995—15)A.can’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen10.It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jack______________behereatanymoment.(1995全国—31)A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can11.Susan_____________writtenareportlikethis.(1995.上海)A.canhaveB.mustn’thaveC.can’thaveD.oughttonothave12.Iwonderhowhe___________thattotheteacher.(1995.上海)A.daretosayB.daresayingC.notdaresayD.daredsay13.Johnny,you________playwiththeknife,you_______________hurtyourself.(1996—8)A.won’t;can’tB.mustn’t;mayC.shouldn’t;mustD.can’t;shouldn’t14.Theoldmanisalwayshuntingthelions,soterriblethings_____________happentohim．(1996)25． A.mightB.wouldC.shouldD.could15.Whenhewasthere,he_________gotothatofficeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.(1996.上海)A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might16.Yesterday,Janewalkedawayfromthediscussion.Otherwise,she_________somethingshewouldregretlater.(1996.上海)A.hadsaidB.saidC.mightsayD.mighthavesaid17.Sir,you____________besittinginthiswaitingroom.Itisforwomenandchildrenonly.(1996.上海)A.oughtn’ttoB.can’tC.won’tD.needn’t18.Jack____________yet,otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme.(1997.上海)A.mustn’thavearrivedB.shouldn’thavearrivedC.can’thavearrivedD.needn’thavearrived19.Withouttheairtoholdsomeofthesun’sheat,theearthatnight__________,toocoldforustolive.(1997.上海)A.wouldbefreezingcoldB.willbefreezingcoldlyC.wouldbefrozencoldD.canfreezecoldly20.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone__________getout.(1997—24)A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto21.----WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.—They__________bereadyby12:00．(1998—13)A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need22.----IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.----Oh,didyou?You________withBarbara.(1998—19)A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.wouldstayD.musthavestay23.—Willyoustayforlunch?—Sorry,_____________.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.(1999—15)A.Imustn’tB.Ican’tC.Ineedn’tD.Iwon’t24.Sorry，I’mlate.I___________haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.(2000年北京/安徽春季卷—20)A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will25.Ishouldhavebeenthere,butI____________findthetime.(2000年上海春季卷—14)A.wouldB.couldC.mightD.should26.—AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?—I’mnotsure.I_________gototheconcertinstead.(2000年全国卷—15/广东卷—26)A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might27.MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,sohe___________yourlecture.(2000年上海夏季卷—23)A.couldn’thaveattendedB.needn’thaveattendedC.mustn’thaveattendedD.shouldn’thaveattended28.—Writetomewhenyougethome.—____________.(2001年京皖蒙春季卷—6)A.ImustB.IshouldC.IwillD.Ican29.Mr.Brushisontimeforeverything.How_________itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?(2001年上海春季卷—27)A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must30.Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentleman_____________besorudetoalady.(2001年上海夏季卷—34)A.mightB.needC.shouldD.would31.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You____________homewithoutaword.(2001年全国夏季卷—33)A.mustn’tleaveB.shouldn’thaveleftC.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’tleave32.—Ihearyou’vegotasetofvaluableAustraliancoins.____________Ihavealook?—Yes,certainly.(2002年京皖蒙春季卷—29)A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should33.Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach.I___________somuchfriedchickenjustnow.(2002年上海春季卷—28)A.shouldn’teatB.mustn’thaveeatenC.shouldn’thaveeatenD.mustn’teat34.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates_____________remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.(2002年上海卷—27)A.canB.willC.mayD.shall35.It’shardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI___________inlove,attheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.(2002年上海卷—37)A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall36.—Iheardthattheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.—It__________truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.(2002年北京卷—31)25． A.maynotbeB.won’tbeC.couldn’tbeD.mustn’tbe37.—IsJohncomingbytrain?—Heshould,buthe__________not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.(2002年全国卷—25)A.mustB.canC.needD.may38.MyEnglishdictionaryhasdisappeared.Who____________havetakenit?(2003年上海春季卷—24)A.shouldB.mustC.couldD.would39.Naturally,afterItoldherwhattodo,mydaughter___________goanddotheopposite!(2003年上海春季卷—A.mayB.canC.mustD.should40.—Theroomissodirty.__________wecleanit?—Ofcourse.(2003年北京春季卷—21)A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do41.How___________yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle?(2003年上海卷—29)A.canB.mustC.needD.may42.Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebags_____________beleftforshorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.(2003年全国卷—28)A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will43.Youmightjustaswelltellthemanufacturerthatmalecustomers_____________notlikethedesignofthefurniture.(2004年上海春季卷—29)A.mustB.shallC.mayD.need44.—Excuseme,butIuseyourcomputertotypeareport.—You_________havemycomputerifyoudon’ttakecareofit.(2004年湖南—28)A.shan’tB.mightnotC.needn’tD.shouldn’t45.—Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere?—Well,ifyou_________know,hernameisMabel.(2004年天津—31)A.mayB.canC.mustD.shall46.Childrenunder12yearsofageinthatcountry___________beunderadultsupervisionwheninapubliclibrary.(2004年上海—28)A.mustB.mayC.canD.need47.—Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?—No，it___________behim—I’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.(2004年全国I—29)A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot48.“Theinternet____________bedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides,”declaredthejudge.(2004年重庆—24)A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shall49.Mr.White____________at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup.(2004年广西—27)A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarriveC.shouldhavehadarrivedD.shouldbearriving50.Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhouse.DoyouthinkI__________reportittothepolice?(2004年全国III/广西—21)A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can51.—Idon’tmindtellingyouwhatIknow.—You___________.I’mnotaskingyouforit.(2004年江苏—22)A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t52.I____________payTracyavisit,butIamnotsurewhetherIwillhavetimethisSunday.(2004年浙江—26)A.shouldB.mightC.wouldD.could53.—Excuseme,isthistherightwaytotheSummerPalace?—Sorry,Iamnotsure.Butit_____________be.(2004年湖北—26)A.mightB.willC.mustD.can54.—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.—You___________herlastweek.(2004年福建—32)A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetoldC.musttellD.shouldhavetold55.—Tomgraduatedfromcollegeataveryyoungage.—Oh,he__________havebeenaverysmartboythen.(2004年甘肃/宁夏/新疆等—22)A.couldB.shouldC.mightD.must56.—Mum,I’vebeenstudyingEnglishsince8o’clock._____________IgooutandplaywithTomforawhile?—No,I’mafraidnot.Besides,it’srainingoutsidenow.(2004年辽宁—29)A.Can’tB.wouldn’tC.MaynotD.Won’t57.Tom,you__________leaveallyourclothesonthefloorlikethis!(2005年全国I—26)A.wouldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot25． 58.John,lookatthetime.___________youplaythepianoatsuchalatehour?(2005年全国III—19)A.MustB.CanC.MayD.Need59.He____________havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn’tbeenjoyinghimselfbytheseaside.(2005年北京—26)A.shouldB.mustC.wouldn’tD.can’t60.There_____________beanydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepracticedalotinthedrivingschool.(2005年上海—27)A.mustn’tB.shan’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t61.I_____________havebeenmorethansixyearsoldwhentheaccidenthappened.(2005年天津—14)A.shouldn’tB.couldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t62.Thiscakeisverysweet.You______________alotofsugarinit.(2005年辽宁—26)A.shouldputB.couldhaveputC.mightputD.musthaveput63.TheWorldWideWebissometimesjokinglycalledtheWorldWideWaitbecauseit____________beveryslow.(2005年浙江—9)A.shouldB.mustC.willD.can64.—Catherine,Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.—Thanks.You____________it.Icouldmanageitmyself.(2005年福建—31)A.needn’tdoB.needn’thavedoneC.mustn’tdoD.shouldn’thavedone65.—Lucydoesn’tmindlendingyouherdictionary.—She__________.I’vealreadyborrowedone.(2005年湖南—24)A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t66.—DoyouknowwhereDavidis?Icouldn’tfindhimanywhere.—Well.He____________havegonefar—hiscoat’sstillhere.(2005年湖北—32)A.shouldn’tB.mustn’tC.can’tD.wouldn’t67.IfI__________plantodoanythingIwantedto,I’dliketogotoTibetandtravelthroughasmuchofitaspossible.(2005年湖北—33)A.wouldB.couldC.hadtoD.oughtto68.Iwasonthehighwaywhenthiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.They____________atleast150kilometersanhour.(2005年重庆—33)A.shouldhavebeendoingB.musthavebeendoingC.couldhavedoneD.wouldhavedone69.Hepaidforaseat,whenhe_____________haveenteredfree.(2005年山东—34)A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need70.—Tomisneverlateforwork.Whyisheabsenttoday?—Something____________tohim.(2005年江西—22)A.musthappenB.shouldhavehappenedC.couldhavehappenedD.musthavehappened71.Helen____________goonthetripwithus,butsheisn’tquitesureyet.(2005年安徽—26)A.shallB.mustC.mayD.can72.—ThewomanbiologiststayedinAfricastudyingwildanimalsfor13yearsbeforeshereturned.—Oh,dear!She_____________alotofdifficulties!(2005年江苏—31)A.maygothroughB.mightgothroughC.oughttohavegonethroughD.musthavegonethrough73.There’snolighton—they___________beathome.(2006年全国I—24)A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t74.Wehopethatasmanypeopleaspossible________________joinusforthepicnictomorrow.(2006年全国II—10)A.needB.mustC.shouldD.can75.—What’sthename?—Khulaifi.__________Ispellthatforyou?(2006年北京—25)A.ShallB.WouldC.CanD.Might76.We____________haveprovedgreatadventures,butwehavedonethegreatestmarchevermadeinthepasttenyears.(2006年天津—11)A.needn’tB.maynotC.shouldn’tD.mustn’t77.—CouldIhaveawordwithyou,mum?—Ohdear，ifyou_____________.(2006年浙江—19)A.canB.mustC.mayD.should78.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatshe____________sing,Iwouldinvitehertotheparty.(2006年福建—27)A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tC.can’tD.mightnot79.Someaspectsofapilot’sjob___________beboring,andpilotsoften____________workatinconvenienthours.(2006年湖南—32)A.can;havetoB.may;canC.haveto;mayD.oughtto;must80.—MayIsmokehere?—Ifyou____________,chooseaseatinthesmokingsection.(2006年山东—30)25． 81.Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday,I____________thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.(2006年江西—24)A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.needn’thavetakenD.mustn’thavetaken82.—IthinkI’llgiveBobaring.—You_____________.Youhaven’tbeenintouchwithhimforages.(2006年江苏—21)A.willB.mayC.havetoD.should83.—Musthecometosignthispaperhimself?—Yes,he_____________.(2006年广东—22)A.needB.mustC.mayD.will84.—IsJackondutytoday?—It__________behim.It’shisturntoElizarememberedeverythingexactlyasifit___________yesterday.(2006年全国I—31)85.—How’syourtouraroundtheNorthLake?Isitbeautiful?—It__________be,butitisnowheavilypolluted.(2007年全国—27)A.willB.wouldC.shouldD.must86.Incrowedplaceslikeairportsandrailwaystations,you__________takecareofyourluggage.(2007年北京—26)A.canB.mayC.mustD.will87.—Whatdoyouthinkwecandoforouragedparents?—You__________doanythingexcepttobewiththemandbeyourself.(2007年重庆—29)A.don’thavetoB.oughtn’ttoC.mustn’tD.can’t88.Thebiggestproblemformostplants,which_______________justgetupandrunawaywhenthreatened,isthatanimalsliketoeatthem.(2007年湖南—24)A.shan’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t89.—Mycat’sreallyfat.—You_____________havegivenhersomuchfood.(2007年浙江—15)A.wouldn’tB.couldn’tC.shouldn’tD.mustn’t90.—Whereismydictionary?IrememberIputithereyesterday.—You__________itinthewrongplace.(2007年江西—27)A.mustputB.shouldhaveputC.mightputD.mighthaveput91.MyMP4playerisn’tinmybag.Where__________Ihaveputit?(2007年福建—25)A.canB.mustC.shouldD.would92.—Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?—Noperson_________smokeorcarryalightedcigarette,cigarorpipeinthisarea.(2007年四川—24)A.willB.mayC.shallD.must93.Theteacher___________havethoughtJohnsonwasworthitorshewouldn’thavewastedtimeonhim,Isuppose.(2007年安徽—23)A.shouldB.canC.wouldD.must94.—Shelooksveryhappy.She__________havepassedtheexam.—Iguessso.It’snotdifficultafterall.(2007年江苏—22)A.shouldB.couldC.mustD.might95.Itoldyourfriendhowtogettothehotel,butperhapsI_____________havedrivenherthere.(2007年陕西—14)A.couldB.mustC.mightD.should96.—Guesswhat!IhavegotAformytermpaper.—Great!You_____________readwidelyandputalotofworkintoit.(2007年上海—29)A.mustB.shouldC.musthaveD.shouldhave97.Liza_________wellnotwanttogoonthetrip—shehatestravelling.(2008年全国II—17)A.willB.canC.mustD.may98.Johnpromisedhisdoctorhe________________notsmoke,andhehasneversmokedeversince.(2008年北京—21)A.mightB.shouldC.couldD.would99.She__________haveleftschool,forherbikeisstillhere.(2008年天津—6)A.can’tB.wouldn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t100.Youdon’thavetoknowthenameoftheauthortofindabook.You___________findthebookbythetitle.(2008年湖南—28)A.mustB.needC.canD.would101.You____________behungryalready—youhadlunchonlytwohoursago!(2008年浙江—11)A.wouldn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t102.Whatapity!Consideringhisabilityandexperience,he_____________better.(2008年江西—26)A.needhavedoneB.musthavedoneC.canhavedoneD.mighthavedone103.Peter____________bereallydifficultattimeseventhoughhe’sanicepersoningeneral.(2008年辽宁—22)A.shallB.shouldC.canD.must25． 104.ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit____________berathercoldsometimes.(2008年福建—24)A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would105.Althoughthis___________soundlikeasimpletask,greatcareisneeded.(2008年四川—10)A.mustB.mayC.shallD.should106.—Whatsortofhousedoyouwanttohave?Somethingbig?—Well,it__________bebig—that’snotimportant.(2008年陕西—9)A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.won’t107.—I’msorry.I____________atyoutheotherday.—Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself.(2008年江苏—35)A.shouldn’tshoutB.shouldn’thaveshoutedC.mustn’tshoutD.mustn’thaveshouted108.Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.Idon’tthinkwe___________itwithoutyou.(2008年山东—24)A.canmanageB.couldhavemanagedC.couldmanageD.canhavemanaged109.—Ican’tfindmypurseanywhere.—You____________havelostitwhileshopping.(2008年重庆—30)A.mayB.canC.shouldD.would110.Accordingtotheairtrafficrules,you__________switchoffyourmobilephoneboarding.(2008年上海—29)A.mayB.canC.wouldD.should111.Whatdoyoumean,thereareonlytentickets?There___________betwelve.(2009年全国I—25)A.shouldB.wouldC.willD.shall112.Ican’tleave.ShetoldmethatI__________stayhereuntilshecomesback.(2009年全国II—20)A.canB.mustC.willD.may113.Oneofthefewthingsyou___________sayaboutEnglishpeoplewithcertaintyisthattheytalkalotabouttheweather.(2009年北京—25)A.needB.mustC.shouldD.can114.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit____________breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.(2009年天津—15)A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might115.—It’stheoffice!Soyou_________knoweatingisnotallowedhere.—Oh,sorry.(2009年湖南—30)A.mustB.willC.mayD.need116.Somepeoplewhodon’tliketotalkmucharenotnecessarilyshy;they__________justbequietpeople.(2009年安徽—30)A.mustB.mayC.shouldD.would117.—Hi,Tom.AnyideawhereJaneis?—She____________intheclassroom.Isawhertherejustnow.(2009年重庆—32)A.shallbeB.shouldhavebeenC.mustbeD.mighthavebeen118.Thetrafficisheavythesedays,I_____________arriveabitlate,socouldyousavemeaplace?(2009年辽宁—29)A.canB.mustC.needD.might120.Thedoctorrecommendedthatyou____________swimaftereatingalargemeal.(2009年浙江—13)A.wouldn’tB.couldn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t121.—Idon’tcarewhatpeoplethink.—Well,you___________.(2009年四川—13)A.couldB.wouldC.shouldD.might122.I’mafraidMr.Harding____________seeyounow.He’sbusy.(2010年全国II—17)A.can’tB.mustn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t123.Justbepatient.You_______________expecttheworldtochangesosoon.(2010年全国新课标—29)A.can’tB.needn’tC.maynotD.willnot124.—Goodmorning.I’vegotanappointmentwithMissSmithinthePersonnelDepartment.—Ah,goodmorning.You___________beMrs.Peters.A.mightB.mustC.wouldD.can(2010年北京—23)125.Mark_____________havehurried.Afterdrivingattopspeed,hearrivedhalfanhourearly.(2010年天津—9)A.needn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.couldn’t126.You____________buyagift,butyoucanifyouwantto.(2010年湖南—23)A.mustB.mustn’tC.havetoD.don’thaveto127.Jackdescribedhisfather,who______________abraveboymanyyearsago,asastrong-willedman.(2010年安徽—32)25． A.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.mustbeD.musthavebeen128.Ihavetoldyouthetruth.__________Ikeeprepeatingit?(2010年江西—23)A.MustB.CanC.MayD.Will129.—MayItakethisbookoutofthereadingroom?—No,you__________.Youreaditinhere.(2010年陕西—23)A.mightn’tB.won’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t130.Doctorssaythatexerciseisimportantforhealth,butit__________beregularexercise.(2010年辽宁—26)A.canB.willC.mustD.may131.__________Itakethebookout?—I’mafraidnot.(2010年四川—3)A.WillB.MayC.MustD.Need132.—Ihaven’tgotthereferencebookyet,butI’llhaveatestonthesubjectnextmonth.—Don’tworry.You__________haveitbyFriday.A.couldB.shallC.mustD.may(2010年江苏—25)133.You___________parkhere!It’sanemergencyexit.(2010年重庆—21)A.wouldn’tB.needn’tC.couldn’tD.mustn’t134.“You______________haveawrongnumber,”shesaid,“There’snooneofthatnamehere.”(2010年浙江—17)A.needB.canC.mustD.would135.I___________havewatchedthatmovie—it’llgivemehorribledreams.(2010年山东—25)A.shouldn’tB.needn’tC.couldn’tD.mustn’t136.Ifyou____________smoke,pleasegooutside.(2011年全国大纲卷—8)A.canB.shouldC.mustD.may137.They____________havearrivedatlunchtimebuttheirflightwasdelayed.(2011年全国新课标—32)A.willB.canC.mustD.should138.—Idon’treallylikeJames.Whydidyouinvitehim?(2011年北京—24)—Don’tworry.He__________come.Hesaidhewasn’tcertainwhathisplanswere.A.mustnotB.neednotC.wouldnotD.mightnot139.—Whydidn’tyoucometoSimon’spartylastnight?(2011年重庆—25)A.couldB.might—Iwantedto,butmymomsimply___________notletmeoutsolateatnight.C.wouldD.should140.—Noone_________becomparedwithYaoMinginplayingbasketball.—Oh,youarereallyhisbigfan.(2011年湖南—28)A.canB.needC.mustD.might141.It___________bethepostmanatthedoor.It’sonlysixo’clock.(2011年江西—23)A.mustn’tB.can’tC.won’tD.needn’t142.—How’syournewbabysitter?—We_________askforabetterone.Allourkidsloveherverymuch.(2011年浙江—11)A.shouldB.mightC.mustn’tD.couldn’t143.Thepolicestillhaven’tfoundthelostchild,butthey’redoingallthey___________.(2011年四川—20)A.canB.mayC.mustD.should144.—Ileftmyhandbagonthetrain,butluckilysomeonegaveittoarailwayofficial.—Howunbelievabletogetitback!Imean,someone____________it.(2011年江苏—34)A.willhavestolenB.mighthavestolenC.shouldhavestolenD.musthavestolen145.Ifyou__________go,atleastwaituntilthestormisover.(2011年辽宁—21)A.canB.mayC.mustD.will146.—ShallIinformhimofthechangeoftheschedulerightnow?—Iamafraidyou____________,incasehecomeslateforthemeeting.A.willB.mustC.mayD.can(2011年福建—25)147.—Willyoureadmeastory,Mummy?—OK.You__________haveoneifyougotobedassoonaspossible.(2011年陕西—24)A.mightB.mustC.couldD.shall148.I_________worryaboutmyweekend—Ialwayshavemyplansreadybeforeitcomes.(2011年上海—28)A.can’tB.mustn’tC.daren’tD.needn’t情态动词和虚拟语气应注意的几个问题情态动词复习中应该注意的几个方面：1、can在否定句和疑问句中表示推测，may用在肯定句中表推测，表示“可能”。cannot表示不可能，maynot表示可能不。can用在肯定句中可以表示理论上的、客观上的可能性。2、must有三方面的含义：必须；一定；偏偏，非得。25． 3、should表示按道理应该；也可以表示竟然、万一。4、shall用在第一、三人称疑问句中，表示征询意见；用在第二、三人称陈述句中，表示命令、警告、允诺。5、can,could表示“能力”，beableto表示经过一番努力，说明过程非常艰难。6、will表示一种临时反应，begoingto表示计划、打算，也可以表示按照迹象即将发生。7、“情态动词＋have＋done”表示“过去”，“完成”，“虚拟”和“推测”的含义。高中阶段英语的虚拟语气应该把握以下几个方面：1、if条件句中的虚拟语气。关键把握好主句和从句的动词的时态。若表示与过去事实相反或不一致，则从句中用haddone，主句中用wouldhavedone（以would为例来说明）；若表示与现在的事实相反或不一致，则从句中用did/were,主句中用woulddo；若表示与将来的虚拟，则从句谓语有三种形式：did/were;wereto;shoulddo，主句中用woulddo。had,should,were三个词可以提到从句的句首，直接放在if的位置上，其它部分不做任何改动。另外，同学们还得关注混合虚拟语气，也就是主句和从句在时间上并不一致，比如说从句表示的是与过去事实相反，而主句则表示与现在事实相反。2、含有“建议、命令、要求”使用“shoulddo”。我们不必考虑是什么从句，也不管表“建议、命令、要求”这些词语是什么词性，凡是句子当中包含了这三方面的含义，我们统统用“shoulddo”来表示虚拟。因为，“建议、命令、要求”这些含义本身就表示一种虚拟，①、在一些含有某些特殊形容词的主语从句中也使用“shoulddo”虚拟语气。这些特殊形容词大体有necessary,natural,strange等。其中should往往翻译成“竟然”。14.②、wish后边宾语从句的虚拟语气，若表示与现在事实相反或不一致，谓语动词使用did,be动词用were;若表示与过去事实相反或不一致，则谓语动词使用haddone。4、含有情态动词的虚拟语气。主要考查“情态动词＋have＋done”。综合以上几点，高考英语考查的虚拟语气大体分为以下四种：①、If条件句中的虚拟语气；②、谓语动词用“shoulddo”；③、谓语动词用“haddone”表过去，用“did(were)”表示现在或将来的；④、含有情态动词的虚拟语气。201544情态动词参考答案：一、1-5BBDAB          6-10DCCBC        11-15DDCBC       16-20CADDA      21-25DAAAA        26-27AC二、1–20：ADCCB  DDABC  DDCAB  BBAAB21–40:  BCCDA  CDACD  DCBBB  BDDCC25．