初中英语语法专题讲练结合三代词 6页

英语学习第三课时：代词一、课前热身1.Allof(我们)arefromBeijing・2.Don"tworry.(我们)wi.llcomeandhelp(他)3()Afriendofwillcometoourschooltoday.A.myB.hisC.herD.your4()Thisbookismineandthatoneis•A.herB.she"sC.hersD.her，s5()Helptosomefish,everyone.A.yourselfB.youC.yoursD.yourselves6()1doit・A.myselfB.meC.ID.mine7()Studentsshouldknowhowtohelp•A.anotherB.otherC.othersD.theothers8()Isthereanythinginyourhand?A.otherB.theotherC.anotherD.each9()hehastwosons,ofthemisateacher.AbothB.neitherC.allD.none10.()1hadatalkwithofthegirls・AeveryB.otherC.eachD.another二、重点讲解(一)•人称代词:单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称ImeweUS第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称it/she/heit/her/himtheythem1•主格作主语，宾格作动词或介词的宾语.lieteaches(we)Chinese.2.三种人称代词并列时，顺序为：单数：二，三，一(You,sheandI)复数：一，二三(we,youandthey)andinthesameclass.她和我在同一个班级。注：：若把责任担，第一人称最当先，(即若做错事时，把第一人称放在最前面.)Whobrokethewindow?and.谁打破的窗户？我和迈克。(二)•物主代词.第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性myouryouryourits/his/hertheir名词性mineoursyoursyoursits/his/herstheirs1.形容词性的物主代词作定语放在名词前，不能单独使用。2.名词性的物主代词，后面不能加名词。名词性的物主代词常与of连用。 Ourclassroomisasbigas(they).注：1）（名词性的物主代词二形容词性的物主代词+名词）Thisisn"tbag,ishere.这不是我的包，我的住这。2）形容词性的物主代词与own连用吋，后血可跟名词也可不跟名词.Myownhouse=ahouseofmyown（三）•反身代词单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himself/herself/itselfthemselves记忆小窍门:反身代词有规律，第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f替.反身代词的常用搭配：EnjoyoneselflookafteroneselfSaytooneselfdressoneself（四）•指示代词单数复数近指thisthese远指thatthose2.用法:l）thatthose常用來代替前面出现的人或物，以避免重复.That代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词.Those代替复数名词.TheweatherinGuangdongishotterthaninQinghai.Thebooksinthatshoparecheaperthaninthisshop.A.thisB.thatC.oneD.those2）this,that可代替句子或句子的一个部分，that代替前面提到的句子而this代替下面提到的句子.liehadabadcold,iswhyhedidn,tcome.3）在电话用语中，this代替自己，而that代替对方.isTomspeaking.Whois?我是Tom,你是哪位？（五）•不定代词1.one与it的区别One是指同名异物，即同类中的一个，为泛指（=a/an+名词）；中的一种.It是指同名同物，为特指（二the+名词）Thisbookisagoodone.MayIborrowit?2.some与any的区别some一般用于肯定句,any用于否定，疑问句屮.但在表建议的疑问句屮，仍用some代any.常用于could/would/May开头或whatabout/howabout•••.的句中。May1havesomewater?Heaskedmeforsomepaper,butIdidn"thaveany.Any可以表示，任何一个"，可以用在肯定句中。Comeanydayyoulike!3.many,much,.a（few）,a（little）的区别含义用语肯定含义否定含义修饰可数名词many,afewfew 修饰不可数名词much,a1ittlelittle注:alotof不能用于否定句中.否定句中用many/much.Thestoryiseasytoread・Therearenewwordsinit・Hurryup!Thereistimeleft.1.each/every的区别Each,every都可以作不定形容词，但each侧重单体，用于两者或两者以上；every侧重全体，用于三者或三者以上。注:each可以与of连用，eachof作主语时，谓语动词用单数.而every只能作形容词，后面必须跟有名词。Therearetreesandflowersonsideofthestreet.studenthasreadastory.2.all,both,either,neither,none的区别JLkz.宀冃定否定任何一个两者z间bothneithereither三者或三者以上allnoneany注：1）bothof作主语时，谓语动词用复数.neitherof作主语时，谓语动词用单数.Neitheroftheanswers(be)right.Bothofmyparents(be)workers.2).词组A)both•••and…连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数.同义词组:notonly•••butalso•••反义词组：neither…nor…NotonlyyoubutalsoshelikeswatchingTV・二youshe1ikewatchingTVB)either---or…或者或者，neithef-nor…既不也不连接两个主语时，谓语动词实行就近原则.Neitheryounorhe(be)right・OneofLilyandLucyisgoingtothepark・二LilyLucygoingtothepark.C)either也可用于否定句中的“也”D)neither也可表示“也不”句型：neither…sb。某人也不怎么样.Ifyoudon,tgothere,I・3)howmany/howmuch的回答：用none回答.Who的回答：用noone回答.What的回答:用nothing回答.Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroom?.Whocananswerthequestion?.A.NoneB.NooneC.Nothing3.another/theother/others/theothers的区别WW单数复数没有数量限制（泛指）Anotherothers有数量限制（特指）theothertheothers注：1）one•••theother…表示一个另一个，范围为两个。当出现物主代词时, 两个中另一个的表达法为【物主代词+other],不可以再加theIhavetwobrothers,oneisateacher,isaworker.Peter,showmeyouronehand,thenyourhand.2)theothers表示“剩余的”，范围为两个以上。Thereare40studentsinourclass,15aregirls,areboys.3)another表示“另一个，又一个”泛指众多中的一个，后面一般接单数名词.Wouldyou1ikeapple?4)others表示别人,没有范围限制，可以和some组成词组,some・・・others…(一些些…)Somearecleaningtheclassroom,aresweepingthewindow7..复合不定代词.someanynoeverysomethinganythingnothingeverythingsomeoneanyonenooneeveryonesomebodyanybodynobodyeverybody注：1)somebody(^someone)用于肯定句中，在否定句及疑问句中用anybody(=anyone)；wantstoseeyou.有人想见你。Istherehere?这里有人吗？同样，something(某物)用于肯定句中，在否定句及疑问句中用anythingo1wanttoeat.1can"tdoanythingnow.2)everybody(二everyone)和everything是单数代词workshardinclass.班里的每个人都很努力Tsgoingwe11withyou?你一切顺利吗？3)Nobody(=noone)用作单数代词wantstogohome.没有人想回家。(六)•疑问代词Whowhomwhosewhichwhat谁(主格)谁(宾格)谁的哪个，哪些什么疑问代词用于构成特殊疑问句，它们在句中充当主语，表语，宾语，定语当疑问代词作介词宾语时，可以将介词提前到句首。注：l)Who和whatWho问姓名或与回答人的关系，前面可以用物主代词川hat“是做什么的”问职业，前血用”a/on"isthegirl?Sheismysister.isthegirl?Sheisasinger.2)which和whatWhich指“哪个，哪些”有选择的范围owhat没有范围供选择。newspaperdoyouwant?你要什么报纸？doyoulikebestofthethree?三个当中你最喜欢哪一个？ 即学即用一、选择填空1.Passsometea,please.A.IandheB.heandIC.meandhimD.himandme2.Oneshouldkeepownpromise.A.one5sB.oneselfC.itsD.oneself"s3.…Whotaughtyoutoplaybasketball?—Nobody.Ilearntitby•A.myselfB.meC.mineD.my4.—Whichdoyouprefer,coffeeormilk?―ofthem.Fdlikesomecola.A,EitherB.BothC.NeitherD.None5.Yesterday,Isawenjoyinthepark.A.her;hersB.they;themC.she;herselfD.them;themselves6.Thisisnotmypencil-box.isinthebag.A.MyB.MineC.MeD.I7.Thereiswithmycompute匸Itdoesn?twork.A,nothingwrongB.anythingwrongC.wrongsomethingD・somethingwrong&Thisisclassroom.Whereis?A,our;themB.us;theyC.our;theirsD.ours;theirs9.…Ishere?…No,Bobisillathome.A,anythingB.somethingC.anybodyD.nothing10.■一Couldyoutellmesheislookingfor?-一Hercousin,Susan.A,thatB.whomC・whoD.which11.Tosomeonelifeispleasure,buttoitissuffering.A.theothersB.othersC.otheronesD.those12.1wanttoknow:HasMr.Jonesbeenherethewholemorning?A.itB.oneC.thatD.this13.Hecaressolittleabouthismealsthatwilldosolongasitfillshisstomach.A.anythingB.everythingC.nothingD.something14.-一Excuseme;Iwanttobuysomemilk.WherecanIfindasupermarket?一-Oh,I knownotfarfrommyhome.A.itB.thatC.oneD.this13.一-WhichofthetwoT-shirtswillyoutake?一-Flltake,oneofmybrother^,theotherformyself.A.eitherB.neitherC.allD.both14.—Arethekeysoverthere?一-No,GoandaskAnna.Theymaybelongtohe匚A.youB.yourC.yoursD.yourself15.Neverlaughatthefailureof,becauseenjoysbeinglaughedat.A.others;nobodyB.other;everyoneC.theother;anyoneD.others;someone16.—Howheavilyitrainedthisearlymorning.一Yes.Butofthestudentsinourclasswaslateforschool.A.someB.noneC.all17.一Hewasnearlykilledbyacaronce.一Whenwas?一wasin2000hewasinamiddleschooLA.that;It;whenB.that;It;thatC.this;That;thatD.this;It;when18.Thethievesranawayseparately,carryingabag.A.allB.eachC.everyD.either二、用代词的适当形式填空1.Thisisnotmybook.(I)isinthebag・2.■一IsthatbikeMissGao"s?■—Yes,itis(she).Beautiful,isn"tit?3.Help(you)tosomemilk,Jack.4.Samismybrothe匚Doyouliketoplaywith(he)?5.Didyouenjoy(you),MaryandKate?