- 200.50 KB
- 2022-06-17 16:09:37 发布
- 1、本文档共5页,可阅读全部内容。
- 2、本文档内容版权归属内容提供方,所产生的收益全部归内容提供方所有。如果您对本文有版权争议,可选择认领,认领后既往收益都归您。
- 3、本文档由用户上传,本站不保证质量和数量令人满意,可能有诸多瑕疵,付费之前,请仔细先通过免费阅读内容等途径辨别内容交易风险。如存在严重挂羊头卖狗肉之情形,可联系本站下载客服投诉处理。
- 文档侵权举报电话:19940600175。
一般将来时(1)概念:一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。(2)构成:a.一般将来时由助动词shall(第一人称),will(第二、三人称)+动词原形构成。b.“begoingto+动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。c.go,come,start,move,sail,leave,arrive,stay等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作.e.g.I"mleavingforBeijing.(3)用法:表示将来的动作或状态。一般将来时常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用,如:tomorrow(明天),nextweek(下周),fromnowon(从现在开始);inthefuture(将来)等。(4)一般将来时will与begoingto两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事,该怎么区分它们?a.begoingto表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情,will表示的将来时间则较远一些,如:Heisgoingtowritealettertonight.Hewillwriteabookoneday.b.begoingto表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。Heisseriouslyill.Heisgoingtodie.Hewillbetwentyyearsold.c.begoingto含有“计划,准备”的意思,而will则没有这个意思,如:Sheisgoingtolendusherbook.Hewillbehereinhalfanhour.d.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用begoingto,而多用will,如:Ifanybeastscomesatyou,I"llstaywithyouandhelpyou.考点考点1:“主将从现”(在时间和条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时)。考点2:arrive,come,go,leave,start等,用现在进行时的形式表示将来时。如:IamleavingforBeijingtomorrow.考点3:“祈使句+and/or+句子”,在这种结构中,and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。如:Useyourheadandyouwillfindaway.考点4:回答“Don’tforgettodosth.”时,常用答句:“Sorry,Iwon’t.”考点5:祈使句+反意疑问句部分(willyou?).考点6:am/is/aregoingto+动词原形,表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。考点7:Thereisgoingtobeasportsmeeting.“将有场运动会。”专项练习:()1.There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.willgotobe()2.Charlie________herenextmonth.A.isn’tworkingB.doesn’tworkingC.isn’tgoingtoworkingD.won’twork
()3.He________verybusythisweek,he________freenextweek.A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe()4.There________adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.isgoingtobe()5.–________you________freetomorrow?–No.I________freethedayaftertomorrow.A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;willC.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbe()6.Mother________meanicepresentonmynextbirthday.A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.give()7.–ShallIbuyacupofteaforyou?–________.(不,不要。)A.No,youwon’t.B.No,youaren’t.C.No,pleasedon’t.D.No,please.()8.–Whereisthemorningpaper?–I________ifforyouatonce.A.getB.amgettingC.togetD.willget()9.________aconcertnextSaturday?A.TherewillbeB.WilltherebeC.TherecanbeD.Thereare()10.Iftheycome,we________ameeting.A.haveB.willhaveC.hadD.wouldhave()11.He________herabeautifulhatonhernextbirthday.A.givesB.gaveC.willgivingD.isgoingtogiving()12.He________tousassoonashegetsthere.A.writesB.haswrittenC.willwriteD.wrote(13.He________inthreedays.A.comingbackB.camebackC.willcomebackD.isgoingtocomingback()14.Ifit________tomorrow,we’llgoroller-skating.A.isn’trainB.won’trainC.doesn’trainD.doesn’tfine()15.–WillhisparentsgotoseetheTerraCottaWarriorstomorrow?–No,________(不去).A.theywilln’t.B.theywon’t.C.theyaren’t.D.theydon’t.()16.Who________we________swimmingwithtomorrowafternoon?A.will;goB.do;goC.will;goingD.shall;go()17.We________theworkthiswaynexttime.A.doB.willdoC.goingtodoD.willdoing()18.Tomorrowhe________akiteintheopenairfirst,andthen________boatinginthepark.A.willfly;willgoB.willfly;goesC.isgoingtofly;willgoesD.flies;willgo()19.Thedayaftertomorrowthey________avolleyballmatch.A.willwatchingB.watchesC.iswatchingD.aregoingtowatch
()20.There________abirthdaypartythisSunday.A.shallbeB.willbeC.shallgoingtobeD.willgoingtobe()21.They________anEnglisheveningnextSunday.A.arehavingB.aregoingtohaveC.willhavingD.isgoingtohave()22.________you________freenextSunday?A.Will;areB.Will;beC.Do;beD.Are;be()23.He________thereattentomorrowmorning.A.willB.isC.willbeD.be()24.________yourbrother________amagazinefromthelibrary?A.Are;goingtoborrowB.Is;goingtoborrowC.Will;borrowsD.Are;goingtoborrows()25.–ShallIcomeagaintomorrowafternoon?–________(好的).A.Yes,pleaseB.Yes,youwill.C.No,please.D.No,youwon’t.()26.It________theyearofthehorsenextyear.A.isgoingtobeB.isgoingtoC.willbeD.willis()27.________openthewindow?A.WillyoupleaseB.PleasewillyouC.YoupleaseD.Doyou()28.–Let’sgoouttoplayfootball,shallwe?–OK.I________.A.willcomingB.begoingtocomeC.comeD.amcoming()29.It________usalongtimetolearnEnglishwell.A.takesB.willtakeC.spendsD.willspend()30.Thetrain________at11.A.goingtoarriveB.willbearriveC.isgoingtoD.isarriving答案:1.C2.D3.D4.D5.D6.B7.C8.D9.B10.11.D12.C13.C14.C动词填空1.I______(leave)inaminute.I______(finish)allmyworkbeforeI______(leave).2.—Howlong_____you_____(study)inourcountry?—I_____(plan)tobehereforaboutonemoreyear.—I_____(hope)tovisittheotherpartsofyourcountry.—What______you______(do)afteryou______(leave)here?—I______(return)homeand______(get)ajob.3.I______(be)tired.I______(go)tobedearlytonight.4.Mary’sbirthdayisnextMonday,hermother_____(give)herapresent.答案:1.amlearning;wellfinish;;leave2.will;study;plan;hope;will;do;leave;willreturn
get;3.am;willgo;4.willgive真题演练:1(北京中考)Shewillhaveaholidayassoonasshe___theworknextweek.A.finishesB.doesn’tfinishC.willfinishD.won’tfinish2(江苏扬州中考)-Youforgottomakethebed.-Oh,soIdid.____anddoitatonce.A.I’llgoB.I’vegoneC.IgoD.I’mgoingKeys:1.A2.A情态动词must:情态动词后面加动词原型。(1)表“必须”。Youmusttalktothemabouttheirstudy.你必须同他们谈谈关于他们学习的事。(2).在否定结构中表不许。Youmustn"tleavehere.你不能离开这儿。(3)表坚定的建议。YoumustcomeandseeusassoonasyougettoShanghai.一到上海你得马上来看我们。(4)表推测,暗含有很大的可能性,用在肯定句。Hemustbeill.Helookssopale.他肯定是病了。他的脸色那么苍白。(5)关于must的简短回答MustIcleanthediningroomatonce?我必须马上打扫膳厅吗?Yes,youmust.是的。No,youneedn"t.不必马上打扫。(No,youdon"thaveto.)haveto的用法:(1)haveto通常指由于客观原因则不得不做某事,意思为“不得不,除此之外,别无选择”。e.g.It"sdarknow.Ihavetogohome天黑了,我不得不回家。(2)haveto与must的区别:a.两词都是"必须"的意思,haveto表示客观的需要,must表示说话人主观上的看法,既主观上的必要。b.haveto有人称、数、时态的变化,而must只有一种形式。但must可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。c.在否定结构中:don"thaveto表示"不必"专项练习:1.—IsJohncomingbytrain?—Heshould,buthe________not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.must B.can C.need D.may2.—Theroomissodirty.________we cleanit?—Ofcourse.A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do3.MyEnglish-Chinesedictionaryhasdisappeared.Who________havetakenit?A.shouldB.mustC.couldD.would
4.—Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.—It________truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.A.maynotbeB.won’tbeC.couldn’tbeD.mustn’tbe5.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates________remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.A.canB.willC.mayD.shall6.—Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.—It________acomfortablejourney.A.can’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen答案:1.D2.B3.C4.C5.D6.A☆can与beableto的区别(1)can表示“能力”时,和beableto相当,许多场合都可以互相替换。但当叙述过去经过一番努力才能完成的事情或前面有特殊说明,表示你有能力时,只能用beableto。【正】Canyouspeakanyforeignlanguages? 你会说外语吗?【正】Areyouabletospeakanyforeignlanguages? 你会说外语吗?【误】Thefirespreadthebuildingquicklybuteverybodycouldescape.【正】Thefirespreadthebuildingquicklybuteverybodywasabletoescape. 大火迅速蔓延到整幢大楼,但大家都逃了出来。【正】Thefirespreadthebuildingquicklybuteverybodymanagedtoescape.大火迅速蔓延到整幢大楼,但大家都想法逃了出来。(2)beableto比can有更多形式。 Noonecouldanswerthequestion. 没人能回答这个问题。(这里could可用wasableto代替) Whenhegrowsup,hewillbeabletosupporthisfamily. 他长大后就能养家了。 Frankisill.Hehasn"tbeenabletogotoschoolforoneweek. 弗兰克病了,已经一周没去上学了。 I"msorryfornotbeingabletohelpyouintime. 对不起,不能及时帮你的忙。(3)could经常和动词see,hear,smell,taste,feel,remember,understand等连用。 Whenwewentintothehouse,wecouldsmellsomethingburning. 当我们走进屋子时,我们闻到什么东西烧焦了。(不用wasableto) Shespokeinaverylowvoice,butIcouldunderstandwhatshesaid. 虽然她讲话的声音很低,但我还是明白了她说的话。(4)在谈论说话时发生的动作,用can,不用beableto。 【误】Look!I"mableto
swim. 【正】Look!Icanswim. 看,我会游泳了!(5)在用usedto谈论过去用能力做某事,但现在失去了这个能力时,我们用beableto。 如:Iusedtobeabletoplaytheviolin.(6)在谈论将来有能力做某事。我们用willbeableto。 如:Afteronlyafewlessons,youwillbeabletounderstandbasicSpanish. (7)在其它动词may,might,would,want或hope后,用beableto. 如:Hemightbeabletofixyourcar. Youshouldbeabletotastethedifference. Iwanthertobeabletouseacomputer.名词所有格英语名词的所有格表示所属关系,它分-’s所有格和of所有格两种形式。(1)-‘s所有格的构成:a.一般情况(包括单数名词和不带词尾s的复数名词)加-’s: children’sbooks儿童图书 today’spaper今天的报纸 b.带词尾s的复数名词只加省字撇(‘): girls’school女子学校 theSmiths’car史密斯家的小汽车 注:带词尾s的单数名词,通常仍加’s: theboss’splan老板的计划thehostess’sworry女主人的担心 c.带词尾s的人名,可加’s或只加省字撇(‘): Dickens’novels狄更斯的小说Charles’sjob查理斯的工作 不带词尾-s却以咝音结尾者,一律加’s: Marx’sworks马克思的著作 George’sroom乔治的房间 d.用and连接的并列连词的所有格要分两种情况,即表示各自的所有关系时,要分别在并列连词后加-’s,表示共同的所有关系时,只在最后一个名词后加-’s: Tom’sandJim’srooms汤姆和吉姆(各自)的房间 TomandJim’srooms汤姆和吉姆(共同)的房间 (2)-’s所有格的用法-’s所有格主要用于有生命的东西,但有时也可用于无生命的东西,这主要见于: a.用于表时间的名词后: tomorrow’sweather明天的天气 twodays’journey两天的旅程 比较:tenminutes’break=aten-minutebreak10分钟的休息 b.用于表国家、城市的名词后: America’spolicy美国的政策 thecity’spopulation这个城市的人口 c.用于某些集合名词后: themajority’sview多数人的观点 thegovernment’spolicy政府的政策 d.用于组织机构后: thestation’swaiting-room车站候车室 thenewspaper’seditorialpolicy这家报纸的编辑方针 e.用于度量衡及价值名词后:
amile’sdistance1英里的距离 twentydollar’svalue20美元的价值 注:对于带有连字符已转化为形容词的度量衡,不能用所有格形式: ten-minutewalk10分钟的路程(比较:tenminutes’walk) f.用于表天体的名词后: themoon’srays月光 theearth’ssurface地球表面 g.用于某些固定表达中: astone’sthrow一箭之遥 atone’swit’send黔驴技穷 atarm’slength以一臂之距 outofharm’sway在完全的地方考点:考点1:Tom’sandSam’sbooks(两者分别拥有);TomandSam’sbook(两者共同拥有)考点2:atwodays’holiday—atwo-dayholiday考点3:intwoorthreedays’time考点4:inafewyears’time考点5:halfanhour’stime考点6:oneandahalfhours’time考点7:onMother’sDay;onFather’sDay;onTeacher’sDay;onWomen’sDay考点8:atthebarber’s;atmyuncle’s专项练习:1.Jimwaslatefortwoclassesthismorning.Hesaidthatheforgotbothofthe______. A.roomsnumberB.Roomnumber C.Room’snumberD.Roomnumbers2.Thenewly-builtlibraryisa______building. A.five-storeyB.Fivestoreys C.Five-storey’sD.Fivestoreys’3.---Whoseumbrellaisit? ---It’s_______. A.somebodyelse’sB.Somebodyelse C.Somebody’selse’sD.Somebody’selse4.Ifeelterriblyhot,What’sthe_____? A.temperatureofroom B.room’stemperature C.roomtemperatureD.Temperatureofroom’s5._______willmakeatriparoundtheworldduringthecomingChristmas. A.TheevensB.TheEvens’ C.TheEvensesD.TheEvenses’6.ThegirltalkingtoMaryisafriendof________. A.Mary’ssisterB.Marysister’s C.Mary’ssister’sD.SisterofMary’s7.Thewomanoverthereis______mother. A.JuliaandShelley’s B.Julia’sandShelley’s C.JuliaandShelleyD.Julia’sandShelley8.Heisverytired.Heneeds______. A.anightB.arestnight C.anight’srestD.arestof
night9.---Excuseme,whereare_______offices? ---Overthere. A.teacher’sB.teachers’ C.theteacher’sD.theteachers’10.Itiswidelybelievedthatthepullofgravityonafallingraindropchanges_____roundshapeintoateardropshape. A.ofthedropB.thedrop’s C.dropofD.dropsthe11.TodayisSeptember10th.It’s_____Day.Let’sgoandbuysomeflowersforourteachers. A.TeacherB.Teachers’ C.theTeachers’D.Teacher’s12.We’llhavea_____holiday.WhataboutgoingtotheWestLake? A.twodaysB.two-day C.two-daysD.twoday’s13.Thisismydress.Thatoneis____. A.MaryB.Mary’s C.sisterD.mother14.The_____isjustaroundthecornerandyouwon’tmissit. A.bicycle’sshopB.bicycleshop C.bicyclesshopD.bicycles’shop15.Thevillageisfarawayfromherindeed.It’s______walk. A.afourhourB.afourhour’s C.afour-hoursD.afourhours’1.D2.A3.A4.B5.B6.B7.A8.C9.D10.B11.D12.B13.B14.B15.D频率副词的用法(1)频率副词:always/usually/often/sometimes/hardly/never…(2)频率短语:onceaweek/everynight/twiceamonth…1.always always意为“总是”,与进行时态连用时,可以表示赞扬,也可以表示讨厌等感情色彩。e.g.(1)Ishallalwaysremembermyfirstdayatschool.我将永远记住我上学的第一天。(2)Heisalwayssmoking.他总是抽烟。2.usually usually可以指通常的动作,但是侧重已经形成的习惯,它是从已经形成的角度来说明动作。e.g.(1)IusuallydosomeshoppingwithmyparentsonSundays.我经常在星期天和我的父母一起去买东西。(2)Heusuallygoestoschoolbybike.他通常骑自行车上学。3.often often是指经常性的动作,意思为“常常,经常”。e.g.(1)Childrendon"toftendohomework.孩子们经常不写作业。(2)Heisoftenlateforschool.他经常上学迟到。4.sometimes sometimes意思为“有时,不时”,表示次数较少(低于often所表达的次数),常常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用。e.g.(1)Sometimeshegoestoworkbybike,andsometimeshegoesby
bus. 有时候他骑自行车上班,有时候他乘公共汽车上班。(2)SometimesIhelpedmyparentsinthehouse.有时候我帮助父母做家务。5.hardly hardly意思为“难得,几乎从来不”,它所表示的次数非常少。e.g.(1)Hehardlydrinks.他几乎不喝酒。(2)Shehardlyplayscards.她几乎不打牌。6.never never意思为“决不,从未”,表示一次也没有。e.g.(1)Heneverlivesthere.他从来都没有在那儿住过。(2)Sheneverhasanythingtodo.她一向无所事事。一般疑问句:(1)概念:一般疑问句是疑问句的一种,一般以be动词、助动词或情态词开头,用yes或no来回答的问句叫一般疑问句。(2)构成:系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分?e.g.Isthisyourpen?Yesitis./Noitisn"t.(3)将陈述句转成一般疑问句:a.将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be动词(amisare…)时,可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。如:I"minClass2Grade1.→AreyouinClass2Grade1﹖We"rewatchingTV.→AreyouwatchingTV﹖b.陈述句中有情态动词(canmaymust…)时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句。如:Hecanswimnow.→Canheswimnow﹖Thechildrenmaycomewithus.→Maythechildrencomewithus﹖c.陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does主语后的实义动词用原形。如:Iliketheseanimals.→Doyouliketheseanimals﹖Shewantstogotothemovies.→Doesshewanttogotothemovies﹖d.一般疑问句一般读升调(↑)专项练习陈述句变一般疑问句练习11.HisfatherisanEnglishteacher.2.Thesecatsarecrying.3.Theycanswim.4.IliketoreadEnglish.5.Igotoschoolonfoot.6.HelikesEnglish.7.Hisfathergoestoworkbybus.8.Heiscryingunderthetree.9.HisbirthdayisonthetwentiethofNovember.10.Mrs.LiandKittyareinabigshop.
11.Kittyiswearinghernewuniform.12.Theboyunderthetreeishungry.13.Hegoestoschooleveryday.14.Iwanttohaveamodelcar.15.Shewantsacupofcoffee.16.Mrs.LiandKittywatchtelevisionatnight.17.Idomyhomeworkafterschool.答案:1.IshisfatheranEnglishteacher?2.Arethesecatscrying?3.Cantheyswim?4.DoyouliketoreadEnglish?5.Doyougotoschoolonfoot?6.DoeshelikeEnglish?7.Doeshisfathergotoworkbybus?8.Ishecryingunderthetree?9.IshisbirthdayonthetwentiethofNovember?10.AreMrs.LiandKittyinabigshop?11.IsKittywearinghernewuniform?12.Istheboyunderthetreehungry?13.Doeshegotoschooleveryday?14.Doyouwanttohaveamodelcar?15.Doesshewantacupofcoffee?16.DoMrs.LiandKittywatchtelevisionatnight?17.Doyoudoyourhomeworkafterschool?陈述句变一般疑问句练习21.Everybodyisintheclassroom.2.Theboydoessomehouseworkathome.3.Thechildrenhadagoodtimeinthepark.4.Jimhassomestory-books.5.Mr.Hunttoldussomethingimportantatthemeeting.6.Theoldmandoesmorningexerciseseverymorning.7.WearefromChina.8.Imustfinishmyhomeworkbeforeeighto’clock.9.HeoftengoestothelibraryonSundays.10.Theyhaveaclassmeetingeveryweek.答案:1.Iseverybodyintheclassroom?2.Doestheboydoanyhouseworkathome?3.Didthechildrenhaveagoodtimeinthepark?4.DoesJimhaveanystory-books?5.DidMr.Hunttellusanythingimportantatthemeeting?6.Doestheoldmandomorningexerciseseverymorning?
7.AreyoufromChina?8.Doyouneedtofinishyourhomeworkbeforeeighto’clock?9.DoesheoftengotothelibraryonSundays?10.Dotheyhaveaclassmeetingeveryweek?祈使句(1)定义:用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句,祈使句最常用于表达命令,因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。 祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时,句末则使用句号来表示结束。例: Goandwashyourhands. (去洗你的手。——命令) Bequiet,please.(Pleasebequiet.) (请安静。——请求) Bekindtooursister. (对姊妹要和善。——劝告) Watchyoursteps. (走路小心。——警告) Lookout!Danger! (小心!危险!——强烈警告,已如感叹句) Keepoffthegrass. (勿践草坪。——禁止) Noparking. (禁止停车。——禁止) 祈使句也常把主语“You”表达出来,使对方听起来觉得柔和些,例如: Yougoandtellhim,Chris.(克立斯你去告诉他。)(2)表现形式●肯定结构:a.Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:Pleasehaveaseathere.请这边坐。 有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:Thisway,please.=Gothisway,please.请这边走。b.Be型(即:Be+表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Beagoodboy!要做一个好孩子!c.Let型(即:Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分)。如:Letmehelpyou.让我来帮你。●否定结构:a.Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don"t构成。如:Don"tforgetme!不要忘记我! Don"tbelateforschool!上学不要迟到!b.Let型的否定式有两种:“Don"t+let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分”和“Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其它成分”。如:Don"tlethimgo./Lethimnotgo.别让他走。c.有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:Nosmoking!禁止吸烟!Nofishing!禁止钓鱼!专项练习:将下列汉语翻译成英语。1.请照看好您的包。___________________.2.让我们去学校吧!___________________!3.亲爱的,高兴点儿!___________________!4.不要把书放这儿。___________________.5.不要让猫进来。___________________.Key:1.Pleaselookafteryourbag 2.Let"sgotoschool3.Beglad,dear 4.Don"tputthebookhere
5.Don"tletthecatcomein/Letthecatnotcomein[1.can与beableto的区别1.but的用法]特殊疑问句1.定义:句首以疑问代词:what,who(whom),whore,whise,which或疑问副词when,where,how和why来提问的句子就叫特殊疑问句。注:特殊疑问句不能用yes/no回答,只能根据问题的内容直接作出回答。ex:Whattimeisit?Itis5o"clock.2.构成:特殊疑问词+谓语+…?Whoisyourteacher?谁是你们的老师?What’sonthetable?桌上有什么?WhoseEnglishisthebestinyourclass?你们班谁的英语最好?Whichcityisthebiggest?哪座城市是最大的3.疑问词总结疑问代词:who谁whom谁 whose谁的which哪个,哪些 what什么疑问副词:when何时where何地Why为什么how如何 howmuch多少howmany多少howlong多久howold多大年纪 howfar多远howbig多大专项练习:就划线部分提问1.Heismyfather.2.Theyareunderthetree.3.IoftenwatchTVafterdinner.
4.Lilyswimsintheswimmingpool.5.Supermanfliesinthesky.6.Ioftenbrushmyteethintheevening.7.AlanlikestoplaywithBill.8.Joe"sfatherplaysbadmintoneveryweekend.9.Thesupermarketisneartheschool.10.Thelaptopisonthetable.11.Jenniferhasapairofearrings.12.Theflowersareintheflowerpot(花盆).13.Mygrandpatookustothezoo.14.Iputthegoldfishintothefishtank(鱼缸).15.The monkeysleepsatnight.答案:1.Whoishe?2.Wherearethey?3.WhendoyouoftenwatchTV?4.WheredoesLilyswim?5.Whofliesinthesky?6.Whendoyouoftenbrushyourteeth?7.WholikestoplaywithBill?8.HowoftendoesJoe’sfatherplaybadminton?9.Whereisthesupermarket?10.Whereisthelaptop?11.Whohasapairofearrings?12.Wherearetheflowers?13.Whotookyoutothezoo?14.Wheredoyouputthegoldfish?15.Whendothemonkeysleep?(一).howlong的用法howlong有以下两个主要意思:1.表示多长时间,主要用来对一段时间(如threedays,fourweeks等)提问。如:A:Howlongdidhestayhere?他在这儿呆了多久?B:Abouttwoweeks.大约两个星期。
A:HowlongdoesittaketogettoLondonfromhere?从这里到伦敦要多长时间?B:Atleasttenhours.至少要10个小时。2.表示某东西有多长。如:A:Howlongistheriver?这条河有多长?B:About500km.大约500千米。(二).howmuch是一个常见的特殊疑问词组,它的意思为“多少”,表示数量,其后面接不可数名词,也可单独使用,它在初中课本里的用法主要有:1、用来询问事物的数量,后接不可数名词。例如:Howmuchmilkisthereintheglass?玻璃杯里有多少牛奶?Howmuchbreadisthereonthetable?桌子上有多少面包?2、用来询问事物的重量。例如:-Howmuchdoyouwanttobuy?你想要买多少?-Twokilos.两公斤。-Howmuchdoesthepigweigh?这头猪多重?-Eightykilos.八十公斤。3、用来询问数字计算的结果,相当于what。例如:-Howmuchisthreeplusone?三加一等于多少?-It"sfour.等于四。-Howmuchiseightminusthree?八减三等于多少?-It"sfive.等于五。4、howmuch意为“多少钱”时,可单独使用,也可构成词组howmuchmoney,但英语中常省略money,用来询问某物的价钱、价格。例如:Howmuchisyournewcomputer?你的新电脑多少钱?Howmuch(money)didyoupayfortheEnglishgrammarbook?买这本英语语法书,你付了多少钱?(三)Howoften…?howoften用来询问谓语动词所表示的动作发生的频率,即单位时间内动作发生的次数。它常与动词的一般现在时连用。例如:—Howoftendothebusesrun?—Everyaquarter.—Howoftendoyougotoseeyourgrandparentsinthecountryside?—Fourtimesayear.专项练习:根据句意,选用howlong,howoften,howsoon填空。 1.___________________didyouwaithere? 2.___________________doesthemagazinecomeout? 3.___________________canyoucome? 4.___________________doyougoswimming? 5.___________________hashebeenateacher? 6.___________________doyouthinkyou’llbegone? 7.___________________areyougoingtoAustralia? Key:1.How,long2.How,often3.How,soon4.How,often 5.How,long6.How,long7.How,soon
现在进行时1.构成:主语+be+动词ing(现在分词)形式第一人称+am+v-ingeg.Iamreading.第二人称+are+v-ingeg.Whatareyoudoing?第三人称+is+v-ingeg.Heisnotworking.2.现在分词的构成:现在分词是由动词+ing构成的,其方法如下:(1 ) 一般情况下直接加ing.如:reading,watching,cleaning.(2) 以不发音的e结尾的词,去掉e再加ing.如:take---taking,make---making (3)重读闭音节的情况,先双写一个辅音字母然后加ing.如:put---putting.3.现在进行时的用法a.现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。Wearewaitingforyou. b.习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel. (说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。) SheislearningEnglishunderMr.Smith. c.表示渐变的动词有:get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等。 Theleavesareturningred. It"sgettingwarmerandwarmer. d.与always,constantly,forever等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 Youarealwayschangingyourmind.典型例题 Mydictionary___,Ihavelookedforiteverywherebutstill___it. A.haslost,don"tfind B.ismissing,don"tfind C.haslost,haven"tfound D.ismissing,haven"tfound. 答案D.前句是一个仍在持续的状态,应用进行时,由于没有找到,其影响仍然存在,应用完成时,瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。4.不用于现在进行时的动词(1)直觉动词:See/hear/smell/taste/notice/feel(2)表示态度和感情的动词:believe/agree/like/hate/want/think
(1)不表示具体动作而表示某种抽象关系或概念的动词:have/depend/seem/belongto/consist/possess考点:考点一:在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。 Lookoutwhenyouarecrossingthestreet. Don"twakehimupifheisstillsleepingat7tomorrowmorning.考点二:表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作(这时多有表示将来的时间状语)。 MarryisleavingonFriday.专项训练:一、用括号中词的适当形式填空1.My parents _______(watch)TV now. 2.Look. Three boys _______(run). 3.What _______ your mother _______(do)now? 4. _______ your dog _______ now?(sleep) 5. _______ you _______(listen)to music? Yes, I am. 6. Look, Miss Chen _______ football.(play) 7. Tom and his sister _______(wait)for you over there. 8. Now Class 3 and Class 4_______(have)a test. 9. Listen, someone _______(sing)in the classroom. 10. ——Where is Zhang Yan? ——She _______(talk)with her teacher in the teacher’s office. 二、选择填空: ( )1. Who ______ over there now? A. singing B. are sing C. is singing ( )2. It’s nine ten. The students ______ a music class. A. have B. having C. are having ( )3. Listen! The boy _______. A. crying B. is crying C. cries ( )4. Don’t talk here. Grandparents ______. A. sleep B. is sleeping C. are sleeping ( )5. Is the man _______ tea or milk? A. drinks B. drink C. drinking
三.句型转换: 1. Look! Lily is dancing.(改为一般疑问句) ________________________________________________ 2. Kate is looking for her watch.(改为否定句) ________________________________________________ 3. Mrs White is watching TV.(对划线部分提问) ________________________________________________ 4. I am doing homework.(改为否定句) ________________________________________________ 5. They are waiting for you at the library.(就划线部分提问) ________________________________________________ 四. 根据中文提示完成句子: 1. 小花不是在写作业,她在画画。 Xiao Hua ______ ______ homework. She ______ ______ pictures. 2. 今天李老师穿着一件红色的连衣裙。 Miss Li ______ ______ a red dress today. 3. 你爷爷在看报纸吗? ______ your grandpa ______ the newspaper? 4. Tom和Jim在做什么? ______ ______ Tom and Jim ______? 5. 他们是在打篮球还是在打排球? ______ they ______ basketball ______ volleyball? 6. 孩子们在干什么?他们在唱歌、跳舞。 ______ ______ the children ______? They ______ ______ and ______. 7. 你喜欢跑步吗?不。 ______ you ______ ______? No, ______ ______. 五. 改错: 1. People like swiming in summer.( ) ______________________________________________________ 2. He is going to go the park with his mom. ( ) ______________________________________________________ 3. Are you listen to me?( ) ______________________________________________________ 4. I not writing a letter.( ) ______________________________________________________ 5. Is she still helping Li Ling?( ) ______________________________________________________ 六. 将下列句子译成英语: 1. 在这张照片中,我的小弟弟在吃冰淇淋。 ______________________________________________________ 2. 你在等谁? _____________________________________________________3. 现在,他们在打篮球吗?
______________________________________________________ 4. 我正在打扫教室。 ______________________________________________________ 5. 那个男孩不是在弹吉它。 ______________________________________________________ 答案一. are,watching 2. are, running 3. is, doing 4. Is, sleeping 5. Are, listening 6. is playing 7. are, waiting 8. are having 9. is, singing 10. is, talking 二. 1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. C 三、1. Is Lily dancing? 2. Kate isn’t looking for her watch. 3. What is Mrs White doing? 4. I am not doing homework. 5. Where are they waiting for you? 四、1. isn’t, doing, is, dancing 2. is, wearing 3. Is, reading 4. What, are, doing 5. Are, playing, or 6. What, are, doing, are, singing, dancing 7. Do, like, running, I, don’t 五、1. swimming 2. 删掉go 3. listening 4. 在I后加am. 5. √ 六、1. In this photo, my little brother is eating ice cream. 2. Who are you waiting for? 3. Are they playing basketball now? 4. I am cleaning the classroom. 5. That boy isn’t playing the guitar. Therebe句型1.Therebe句型常表示某处有某人或某物2.用法:1)There与be中间可插入一些表示推测的情态动词、表示时态的短语和一些动词短语,以强调某种语气。例如:Theremustbesomeflowersinthebox.盒子里肯定有些鲜花。Therehappenedtobesomemoneyinmypocket.我的口袋里碰巧有一些钱。Therewillbeameetingthisafternoon.注意:be不能换成have及have的变化形式。
2)Therebe句型常与过去时间状语连用,构成一些固定句型,用于故事发生的开头,交代故事发生的时间。例如:Manyyearsago,therewassuchabeautifulgirlcalledCaixia.很久以前有一个叫彩霞的美丽女孩。3)Therebe句型可换成Therecome/go,以引起注意,加强语气。例如:Therecomesthebus公共汽车来了。4)Therebe句型或There加其他动词的句型,其动词的单复数,常采用就近一致的原则。3.注意事项:1)Therebe句型中的be有各种时态。Thereisgoingtobeameetingtonight.今晚有个会议。Therewasaknockatthedoor.有人敲门。Therehasbeenagirlwaitingforyou.有个女孩一直在等你。Therewillberainsoon.不久天就要下雨了。2)动词be单复数形式要跟therebe之后的主语保持一致。并且要根据就近一致原则来变换be的单复数形式。例如:Thereisabookonthedesk.课桌上有一本书。Howmanypeoplearethereinthecity挂这个城市里有多少人口。Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.课桌上有一个钢笔和两本书。Therearetwobooksandapenonthedesk.课桌上有两本书和一个钢笔。
Therearesomestudentsandateacherintheclassroom.在教室里有一些学生和一位老师。Thereisateacherandsomestudentsintheclassroom.在教室里有一位老师和一些学生。3)therebe引到的句子结构中,用来修饰主语的不定式用主动形式和被动形式均可。例如:Thereisnotimetolose(=tobelost).时间紧迫。Thereisnothingtosee(=tobeseen).看不见有什么。4)Therebe句型的否定句和一般疑问句。记住下面的口诀:Therebe句型有特点,主语放在be后边。变否定,很简单,be后要把not添。变疑问,也不难,把be提到there之前;肯定句中有some,否定/疑问把any换。例如:(1).Thereisabookonthedesk.(变否定句)→Thereisnot/isn"tabookonthedesk.(2).Therearesomechairsintheroom.(变否定句)→Therearenot/aren"tanychairsintheroom.(3).Therearesomeboysoverthere.(变一般疑问句)→Arethereanyboysoverthere?5)Therebe句型和have/has的区别:Therebe表示某物存在于某个地方,have/has表示某人拥有某一样东西。例如:Thereisabookonthedesk.书桌上有一本书。Ihaveabook.我有一本书。二者有时也可以通用,表示"某物本身拥有……"。例如:Theclassroomhastendesks.=Therearetendesksintheclassroom.教室里有十张桌子。【典型例题解析】例1、somericeinthebigbags.A.There"sB.HaveC.HasD.Thereare解析:therebe句型表示某地有某物,而have/has是指某人或某物拥有,本题是指大袋里有一些米,而rice为不可数名词,故答案为A。例2、Thereisstillorangehere,butpeoplewanttodrink
it.A.little,littleB.alittle,fewC.alittle,afewD.afew,little解析:根据题意orange为"橙汁"之意,故为不可数名词,应以little或alittle修饰;people本身为复数名词,应该用few或afew修饰,此题意为"没有几个人想喝橙汁",根据题意可知此题答案为:B例3、Therearen"tany(土豆)intheshop.解析:前面为thereare要用复数,potato也应该用其复数形式,即potatoes。There be 句型专项练习用be的正确形式填空1. There _________ a piano against the wall.2. There _________ some flowers on the desk.3. There _________ some tea in the cup.4. There _________ two tins of coke in the bag.5. There _________ three buildings and a beautiful garden in our school.6. There _________ some meat, some bread and some apples on the table.7. There _________ a picture and a clock on the wall.8. There _________ a volleyball match in our school the day after tomorrow.9. There _________ no factories, hospitals and schools here fifty years ago.10. There may _______ something wrong with your watch.11. There ________ any letters for you today.12. There ________ any chalk in the box today.13. How many kinds of animals ________ there in this area?14.There____anoldteacherintheclassroom.15.There____somechairsandatable.16.There____anappleandsomebananas.17.There_____twelvemonthsinayear.18.There_____somewaterintheglass.19.There_____atreeandsomegrassonthegroundlastSunday,20.There_____nothingnow.答案:1.is2.are3.is4.are5.are6.is7.is8.willbe9.were10.be11.aren`t
12.isn`t13.are14.is15.are16.is17.are18.is19.was20.is介词概念:介词是一种用来表示词与词,词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作状语,表语,补语或介词宾语。介词分为时间介词.地点位置方向介词.方式介词.原因介词和其他介词1.表示地点位置的介词1)at,in,on,to,for at(1)表示在小地方;(2)表示“在……附近,旁边” in(1)表示在大地方;(2)表示“在…范围之内”。 on表示毗邻,接壤,“在……上面”。 to表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤;或“到……” 2)above,over,on在……上 above指在……上方,不强调是否垂直,与below相对; over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间,不直接接触。 on表示某物体上面并与之接触。 Thebirdisflyingabovemyhead. Thereisabridgeovertheriver. Heputhiswatchonthedesk. 3)below,under在……下面 under表示在…正下方 below表示在……下,不一定在正下方 Thereisacatunderthetable. Pleasewriteyournamebelowtheline. 4)infront[frant]of,inthefrontof在……前面 infrontof…意思是“在……前面”,指甲物在乙物之前,两者互不包括;其反义词是behind(在……的后面)。 Therearesomeflowersinfrontofthehouse.(房子前面有些花卉。) inthefrontof意思是“在…..的前部”,即甲物在乙物的内部.反义词是atthebackof…(在……范围内的后部)。 Thereisablackboardinthefrontofourclassroom. 我们的教室前边有一块黑板。 Ourteacherstandsinthefrontoftheclassroom.
我们的老师站在教室前.(老师在教室里) 5)beside,behind beside表示在……旁边 behind表示在……后面2.表示时间的介词 1)in,on,at在……时 in表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。 如inthe20thcentury,inthe1950s,in1989,insummer,inJanuary,inthemorning,inone’slife,inone’sthirties等。 on表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。 如onMay1st,onMonday,onNewYear’sDay,onacoldnightinJanuary,onafinemorning,onSundayafternoon等。 at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。 如at3:20,atthistimeofyear,atthebeginningof,attheendof…,attheageof…,atChristmas,atnight,atnoon,atthismoment等。 注意:在last,next,this,that,some,every等词之前一律不用介词。如:Wemeeteveryday. 2)in,after在……之后 “in+段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后; “after+段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后; “after+将来点时间”表示将来的某一时刻以后。 3)from,since自从…… from仅说明什么时候开始,不说明某动作或情况持续多久; since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻,通常与完成时连用。 4)after,behind在……之后 after主要用于表示时间; behind主要用于表示位置。 时间名词前介词用法口诀 年前周前要用in,具体日子却要禁 遇到几号要用on,上午下午又是in 要说某日上下午,用on换in记清楚 午夜黄昏用at,黎明用它也不错 at用在时分前,说“差”可要用上to 说"过""要用past。3.表运动方向的介词:
across,through通过,穿过 across表示横过,即从物体表面通过,与on有关; through穿过,即从物体内部穿过,与in有关。4.表示“在……之间”的介词: between,among between指在两个人或两个事物之间; among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。5.表示其他意义的介词 1)on,about关于 on表示这本书,这篇文章或演说是严肃的,或学术性的,可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读; about表示内容较为普通,不那么正式。 2)by,with,in表示方法、手段、工具 by以……方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具; with表示用…工具、手段,一般接具体的工具和手段; in表示用…方式,用…语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等; 3)except,besides除了 except除……之外,不包括在内; besides除……之外,包括在内。 ExceptMr.Wang,wewenttoseethefilm.(王先生没去)BesidesMr.Wang,wealsowenttingtoseethefilm.(王先生也去了)考点:介词是一种虚词,没有词型变化,它通常放在代词或名词之前,用于表达它们与其他词的关系(有人说介词好像手表和指南针,因为它通常用来表示在什么时候和在什么地方。实际上它的作用远不止这些)。考点1:以this,(the)next,last,theday/week(month,year),one开头的表示时间的短语常不用介词。考点2:2008年中考考查的高频介词:1.makesth.withsth.用某物来制作某物。2.bekeenon热衷于3.bebusywithsth.忙于做某事4.befamousfor因……而著名5.begoodat擅长6.beproudof以……为自豪7.inMay在五月8.onMay8,2008在2008年5月8日9.goonacruise去巡游
10.leavesth.onsb.’sdesk把某物落在某人的桌子上11.ontherightsideof在右边12.It’skindofsb.Todosth.某人真好做了某事13.bemadat因……发疯14.beangrywithsb.生某人的气15.beterrifiedof对……恐惧16.thanksto幸亏17.livein住在18.onthefifthfloor在五层19.agreewithsb.同意某人的意见20.speaktosb.同某人讲话21.staywithsb.和某人待在一起22.ontheafternoonofMay12在5月12日下午23.gohikingwithsb.和某人远足考点3:历届中考考查高频介词:1.atthistimeyesterday昨天这个时候2.at6:00am在上午6点3.athome/work在家/工作4.attheageof在……岁时5.atleast至少6.themaninblack穿黑衣的男子7.lookbetterinred穿红色看上去更好8.inahurry匆忙地9.onone’swayto在去某地的路上10.inthe100-meterrace在100米比赛中11.intenyears在十年后12.intwodays’time在两天的时间内13.inRowFour在第四排14.inone’ssparetime在某人的业余时间15.in/ontime及/准时16.in/to/onthenorthof在……的北边17.intheheavyrain在大雨中18.infrontof/inthefrontof/inthefront/infront在……的前面/在……最前列/在前边/在前面19.onMother’sDay在母亲节20.onacoldwintermorning在寒冷的冬天的早晨21.from…to从……到……22.thekeytothedoor房门钥匙23.attheendof/bytheendof/intheend在……末/到……末/最后易混点清单:1、介词和种类(1)简单介词,常用的有at,in,on,about,across,before,beside,for,to,without等。(2)复合介词,如bymeansof,alongwith,becauseof,infrontof,insteadof等。2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系
(1)和动词的搭配,如agreewith,askfor,belongto,breakawayfrom,careabout等。(2)和形容词的搭配,如afraidof,angrywith,differentfrom,goodat等。(3)和名词的搭配,如answerto,keyto,reasonfor,causeof,visitto等。3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语,这种修饰语通常有right,just,badly,all,well,directly,completely等少数几个副词。如: Hecamerightafterdinner. Helivesdirectlyoppositetheschool.4、某些介词的意义与用法举例(1)at,on,in(表时间) 表示时间点用at,如atfouro"clock,atmidnight等;表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at,如atthattime,atChristmas等。 指某天用on,如onMonday,ontheendofNovember,指某天的朝夕用on,如onFridaymorning,ontheafternoonofSeptemberlst等。 指长于或短于一天的时段用in,如intheafternoon,inFebruary,inSummer,in1999等。(2)between,among(表位置) between仅用于二者之间,但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时,也用between,如 I"msittingbetweenTomandAlice. Thevillageliesbetweenthreehills. among用于三者或三者以上之间。如: Heisthebestamongthestudents.(3)beside,besides beside意为“在……旁边”,而besides意为“除……之外”。如: Hesatbesideme. Whatdoyouwantbesidesthis?(4)inthetree,onthetree inthetree指动物或人在树上,而onthetree指果实、树叶长在树上(5)ontheway,intheway,bytheway,inthisway ontheway指在路上intheway指挡道 bytheway指顺便问一句inthisway用这样的方法(6)inthecorner,atthecorner inthecorner指在拐角内atthecorner指在拐角外(7)inthemorning,onthemorning inthemorning是一般说法onthemorning特指某一天的早晨(8)bybus,onthebus bybus是一般说法onthebus特指乘某一辆车真题分类解析:例1(2008年上海市中考试题)Betty,let’smakeacake________someflour,sugar,butterandmilk.A.atB.ofC.inD.with答案D解析“用某物来制作某物”的英语表达是makesth.withsth.,这里的with指的是“使用具体的材料”;另一个表示“用”的词是in,比如:用墨水写writeinink.例2(2008年上海市中考试题)
StevenandWilliamarekeen_________playingcomputergames.A.toB.withC.onD.at答案C解析这道题考查的是比较新颖的词组bekeenon,意思是“热衷于”,它的含义类似于beinterestedin。例3(2008年上海市中考试题)Ourmonitorhaswonthefirstprizeinthecompetition.We’revery_______him.A.busywithB.famousforC.goodatD.proudof答案D解析这道题涉及四个词组的意思分别是:bebusywithsb.忙于做某事;befamousfor因……而著名;begoodat擅长于;beproudof以……而自豪。例4(2008年沈阳市中考试题)I______himinaway.Someofhisideasareright.A.speaktoB.cometoC.staywithDagreewith答案D解析此题中和介词连用的四个词组也是中考的易考点,尤其是agreewithsb.同意某人的意见;speaktosb.同某人通话;staywithsb.和某人待在一起。例5(2008年福州市中考试题)——WhendidtheOlympicTorchRelaystartinFujian?——_______May11th,2008.A.InB.AtC.OnD.From答案C解析介词in,on都和时间表达连用,in后常跟年或月。但在具体某一天时,必须使用介词on,如onthemorningofMay1,onacoldmorning。专项练习一.选择填空 1.Taiwanis________thesoutheastofChina.(in,on,to) 2.Go________thebridge_________theriver,you’llfindtheshop.(across,through;over,above) 3.Igotoschool_________7:30everymorning.(in,on,at) 4.Hewouldliketomeether__________8:00and9:00tomorrowmorning.(between,among) 5.TheGreenshavelivedinChina________threeyears.(in,for,after) 6.Wegotoschooleveryday_______SaturdayandSunday.(except,besides) 7.Hewrotetheletter_________ink.(by,with,in) 8.Shewillreturntohercountry________fiveyears.(in,after,for) 9.Thereisabigtree_________ourclassroom.(after,behind)10.Iusuallygotowork_________bike.(by,on,with)答案:1.in2.across,over3.at4.between5.for6.except7.in8.in9.behind10.by
二.单项选择1.There’ssomething_______herthatIreallydon’tlike. A.withB.forC.toD.about 2.Iwasangry_______himforkeepingmewaiting. A.withB.toC.aboutD.on 3._______goingtoFrencheveningclassestwiceaweekshedoesyogaonWednesdays. A.BecauseofB.ExceptC.BesidesD.Butfor 4._______cooking,writingandrunningthefarm,shewasverybusy. A.AmongB.BetweenC.OverD.As 5._______oneoldlady,thebuswasempty.A.ExceptB.ExceptforC.ButD.Besides6.Theypromisethattheworkwouldallbefinished_______nextweek. A.untilB.inC.byD.to 7.Wedidn’tlivetogether.Wekeptintouch_______writingoften. A.withB.ofC.onD.by 8.Itwasverykindofher.Sheinsisted_______hercartous. A.tolendB.lendingC.onlendingD.inlending 9.We’vetalkedalot_______cars.Whatabouttrains? A.ofB.withC.aboutD.in 10.“Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?”“_______theendoflastmonth.” A.InB.ByC.AtD.Since 11.Thechemistryteacherrequiredthestudents_______moreattention_______thelabclean.A.topay,tokeepB.topaying,tokeepingC.topay,tokeepingD.paying,keeping 12.“Isyourcarequal_______hersinspeed?”“No,mineisfaster.Butmyoldoneequals_______hersinspeed.” A.to,toB.不填,不填C.to,不填D.不填,to 13.Thisexamisveryimportantforher.Shewon’tgohome______theexam. A.untilafterB.afteruntilC.untilD.from 14.Thissuitfitsmewell_______thetrousersaretoolong. A.onlyB.exceptforC.exceptthatD.except 15.Afteraquickdinner,theysetoff______carandmade______thenearesttown.A.by,toB.in,toC.by,forD.in,for答案:1-5D,B,D,DB,6-10A.D.CCD11-15A.CABC
if条件状语从句-真实条件句在if引导的条件状语从句中,如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果,主句用一般将来时态,从句用一般现在时态。如: Wecanwalkthereifwecan"tfindabus. Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgo tothezoo. Whatwillyou doifyou findapandaindanger. 如果if条件句谈论的是重复发生和预示要发生的情景和事件,则主从句大多用一般现在时态。如: Ifbearsareindanger,theyattackpeople.注意: 在if引导的条件状语从句中,if和条件句位置灵活,可直接放在主句后面,若if条件句放句首, 我们知道,引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if,由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如:Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。Ifyoufailintheexam,youwilllethimdown.如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。条件状语从句,主句将来时,从句现在时(主将从现)IfitisfinetomorrwwewillgototheGreatWall.IfitrainsthisSundaywewillstayathome.典型例题:let"sgofishingifit___thisweekend.Butnobodyknowsifit__.答案选A。主要看if所引导的从句,第一个if引导的是条件状语从句,所以要用一般现在时代替将来时,第二个if引导的是宾语从句,直接用将来时。句意为:“如果这个周末天气好的话,我们去钓鱼吧。但是没有人知道天是否会下雨。”那么,除了if之外,是否还有其他连词也可以引导条件状语从句呢?回答是肯定的,不仅有,还有很多。这些词由于出现的频率较小,且用法较复杂一些,所以不如if为大家所熟知罢了。下面就这些词的用法以例句的形式进行一下简单总结。1.unlessconj.除非,若不,除非在……的时候Youwillfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier.如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。Unlessitrains,thegamewillbeplayed.除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。1.oncondition(that)...在……条件下,如果oncondition(that)...引导的条件从句是主句事件发生的前提条件或唯一条件。Icantellyouthetruthonconditionthatyoupromisetokeepasecret.我可以告诉你真相,条件是你答应保守秘密。Youcangoswimmingoncondition(that)youdon"tgotoofarfromtheriverbank.你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以下水游泳。2.supposingconj.如果,假如supposing引导的条件从句表示一种假设条件。Supposingitrains,shallwecontinuethesportsmeeting?倘若下雨,我们的运动会还要继续举行吗?
Supposingsomethingshouldgowrong,whatwouldyoudothen?假如出了什么问题,你准备怎么对付?3.providedconj.假如,除非,以……为条件provided(that)+从句表示一种假设条件。Hewillsignthecontractprovidedweoffermorefavorableterms.如果我们提出更优惠的条件,他就会在合同上签字。Hewon"tbeagainstusinthemeetingprovidedthatweaskforhisadviceinadvance.如果我们提前征求一下他的意见,他就不会在会上反对我们。从上述例句可以看出if,unless,oncondition(that),supposing,provided等词引导的条件状语从句,主从句条件关系分明,结构清晰。但有些句子,虽没有含条件关系的连词,却也隐含着条件关系,这些句子常用一些词,如butfor,without等引出一个介词结构来表示条件,条件常常是虚拟的,或与事实相反的假设。如:butfor若非,要不是Butfortherain,weshouldhaveapleasantjourney.要不是下雨,我们的旅行肯定会很愉快。Butforyourhelp,weshouldnothavefinishedintime.要不是你帮忙,我们肯定不能及时完成任务。真题演练;1重庆中考Idon’tknowifthisuncle-----.Ithinkhe----ifitdoesn’train.A.willcome,comesB.willcome,willcomeC.comes,comes,D.comes,willcome2河南中考Otherpeoplewon’tbepleasedifhe------thequeen.A.willjumpB.jumpsC.jumpD.jumped3江西中考Iwon’tcometothepartyunlessSue------,too.YoumeanifSuecomesyou’llcome.A.willinviteB.invitesC.invitedD.isinvited4山东烟台中考We’llgoforapicnicifit-----thisSunday.A.won’trainB.isn’trainingC.doesn’trainD.don’train5湖南长沙中考Hewon’tleavehisofficeuntilhe-----hiswork.A.willfinishB.finishesC.isfinishingD.finish6广东中考We’llhavetocleantheplatesbeforeMother-------home.A.willcomeB.iscomingC.comeD.comes
Keys:1.B2.B3.D4.C5.B6.D专项练习:一、选择最佳答案.()1.Ifit______sunnytomorrow,I____boating.A.isgoB.willbe,goC.is,willgoD.willbe,willgo()2.----whatwillyoudoifit______tomorrow,----I’llstayathomeandwatchTV.A.rainB.rainsC.willrainD.israining()3.Afish____ifyou____itoutofwater.Adies,takeBdied,tookCdying,takingDhasdied,hastaken()4.___youboilwater,itbecomesstream.AifBunlessCasD/()5.Youmusttakemoreexerciseseverymorning()youarenotstrongenoughtodoso.A.whenB.forC.unlessD.if()6.Ifthey___,they____hereverysoon.Thelastbususually___byattwentytoten.A.arecoming,willbe,goesB.come,willgo,willgoC.willcome,are,goesD.come,willbe,willgo二、同义句转换1.Runfast,oryou’llbelateforschool._______you______________fast,you’llbelateforschool.2.Youcanbuythedictionaryifyoutakeenoughmoneywithyou.Takeenoughmoneywithyou,_________________buythedictionary.3.Ifthereisnoair,noneofuscanlive.Noneofuscanlive________________.三、请将下列句子翻译成英语。1.如果明天有空,我和你一起参观十三陵。_______________________________________________2.如果我们骑自行车去上班,我们可以避免空气污染。______________________________________________3.如果你去青海湖,你将能看到青海湖自行车比赛。_______________________________________________4.如果明天他不来,我会代替他去的。四、翻译:1.除非你立刻走,否则你会迟到的2.如果你的电话不重要,我就先打好吗?3.如果明天不下雨,我们将会参观天安门广场
4.如果天下雨,我们就不去长城5.如果他们误了车,将会发生什么?6.如果我们今天开party,将有一半的同学不能来7.如果我们看录像,我会感到乏味8.如果我上大学,我将永远不会成为一名伟大的足球运动员答案:一、1-5CBAAB6C二、1.Ifyoudon"trunfast,you’llbelateforschool.2.Takeenoughmoneywithyou,andyoucanbuythedictionary.3.Noneofuscanlivewithoutair.三、1.IfIamfreetomorrow,IwillgototheShisanmausoleumwithyou.2.Ifwegotoworkbybike,wecanpreventtheairfrompolluting.3.IfyougototheQinhaiLake,youcanseetheQinhaiLakebicyclematch.4.Ifhedoesn"tcometomorrow,Iwillgoinsteadofhim.四、1.Youwillbelateunlessyougorightaway.或Ifyoudon"tgorightaway,youwillbelate2.Ifyouhaven"tanyimportantthing,mayIusethetelephonefirst?3.Ifitdoesn"traintomorrow,wewillvisittheTian"anmensquare4.Ifitrains,wewon"tgototheGreatWall5.Iftheymissthebus,whatwillhappen?6.Ifwehaveapartytoday,halftheclassmateswillbeabsent.7.Ifwewatchvideos,Iwillfeelboring8,IfIgotothecollege,Iwillneverbeagreatfootballplayer.when引导的时间状语从句when引导时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”,when既可以指时间段也可指时间点,从句中既可用延续性动词又可用非延续性动词,且动作既可和主句的动作同时发生又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生,注意体会如下例句:eg.I’llcallyouwhenIgetthere.我一到那里就给你打电话。Whenthewindblows,allthedoorsrattle.只要风一吹,这门就吱嘎作响。Hestoppedtrying,whenhemighthavesucceedednexttime.他不再试了,其实他可能下一次就成功。//WhenIcamehomemywifewascookingdinner.我回家时,妻子在做晚饭。如果when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同,而从句的谓语又是be动词时,那么从句中的主语和be可以省略;当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时,往往还可以用“when+分词”的形式替代该状语从句。例如:When(youare)in
trouble,askherforhelp.当你遭遇麻烦的时候去向她求助。//WhenIcameintotheroom(=Whencomingintotheroom),Ifoundhimlyingthereasleep.当我进入房间的时候,我发现他躺在那儿睡着了。标牌NoParking.禁止停车!Nodogsallowed狗不可进入Nolittering请勿乱丢垃圾Noeatinganddrinking请勿饮食Bewareofpickpockets小心扒手Keepyournoisedown请保持安静Stop!停Noentry禁止进入Wetfloor/caution小心地板湿滑(caution)Keepofthegrass请勿践踏草皮Don"tplayfootball不可玩球(美式足球)Nohawking禁止打猎Don"tpicktheflowers请勿攀折Nosmoking请勿吸烟Mindyourhead小心撞到头Nophoto-taking不可拍照考点:中考中常见标志的考查:1.Exit/Entrance出/入口2.NoWalking禁止步行3.NoParking禁止停车4.NoSmoking禁止吸烟5.NoBus/NoBike/NoMotorbike公共汽车/自行车/摩托车禁行6.NoPhotos禁止照相7.Savewater节水8.Keepquiet保持安静
9.Danger危险10.Notrafficlightsahead前无交通灯11.Turnright右转12.Youcan’tgostraight你不能直走13.open/closed开/关着14.Thissideup此面朝上15.push/pull推/拉with,without与wouldrather1.with结构with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。由介词with或without+复合结构构成,复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当,分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下:1.with或without-名词/代词+形容词;Shecameintotheroom,withhernoseredbecauseofcold.(with+名词+形容词,作伴随状语)2.with或without-名词/代词+副词;Withthemealover,weallwenthome.(with+名词+副词,作时间状语。)3.with或without-名词/代词+介词短语;Themasterwaswalkingupanddownwiththerulerunderhisarm。(with+名词+介词短语,作伴随状语。)4.with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式;Helayinthedarkemptyhouse,withnotaman,womanorchildtosayhewaskindtome.(with+名词+不定式,作伴随状语)5.with或without-名词/代词+分词。Shefellasleepwiththelightburning.(with+名词+现在分词,作伴随状语)Withoutanythingleftinthecupboard,shewentouttogetsomethingtoeat.(without+代词+过去分词,作为原因状语
with结构的用法在句子中with结构多数充当状语,表示行为方式,伴随情况、时间、原因或条件(详见上述例句)。with结构在句中也可以作定语。例如:1.Ilikeeatingthemooncakeswitheggs.2.Fromspacetheearthlookslikeahugewater-coveredglobewithafewpatchesoflandstickingoutabovethewater.3.Alittleboywithtwoofhisfrontteethmissingranintothehouse2.wouldrather“wouldrather+动词原形”是英语中常见的一个惯用句式。该句式常用来表示选择的意愿,意谓“宁可……”、“宁愿……”、“最好……”。wouldrather构成的句型有:1).wouldrather(not)dosth. Iwouldrathernottellhimthetruth.我宁愿不告诉他实情。2).wouldratherdosth(thandosth)宁愿……也不…… Iwouldratherlistentomusicthangoswimming.我宁愿听音乐也不愿去游泳。4).wouldrather(that)sbhaddonesth(从句里要用过去完成时态表示过去) We"dratheryouhadn"tdonethat.我们宁愿你没做过那件事。 典型例题----Shallwegoskatingorstayathome?----Which___do? A.doyourather B.wouldyourather C.willyourather D.shouldyourather答案B。本题考查情态动词rather的用法,wouldrather+dosth意为"宁愿",本题为疑问句,would提前,所以选B。