六年级上册英语语法讲义祈使句的用法牛津上海版（一起） 14页

授课日期时间主题祈使句的用法学习目标1、了解祈使句的基本类型及基本用法；2、掌握祈使句的反义疑问句表达。教学内容1.上次课后巩固练习2.预习思考教学建议：1、根据上节课预习思考的要求，让学生对自己所收集到的标识牌进行分亭；2、老师引导学生根据指示牌的内容进行分类，从而总结出祈使句的基本句型。同学们，以下图片中的祈使句表达你知道吗?禁止带宠物PleaseNOPetsAllowed请勿喧哗BeQuiet禁止吸烟NoSmoking我们生活中在哪些场合下会用到祈使句呢？Thinkaboutit! 一、基本概念祈使句通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语you(听话人)通常省略；谓语动词一律用原形；句末用惊叹号或句号；用降调来读。祈使无主语，you常被省去；动原当谓语，否定加don5t;朗读用降调，惊叹和句号。二、基本分类祈使句有肯定式和否定式两种：(1)肯定式祈使句。它直接用动词(包括及物动词和不及物动词)原形作为句子的开头。例如:Becarefulnexttime.下次细心点。Stopspeaking!Listentome,please!另lj说了!请听我说！(2)否定祈使句。直接在谓语动词前加donl,即“Doi讥十肯定式祈使句”即可。表示不要做某事，后面接动词原形。例如：Don"twalkonthegrass.不要在草地上走。Don"ttalkloudlyinthelibrary不要在图书馆大声说话。Don,tturnleft!禁止左转弯！例句中turn的意思是“改换方向，转弯”，例如：It"stimeweturnedandwentbackhome.我们该返回家去了。Shetumedtolookatme.她转过来看看我°高频考点：祈使句+and/or+一般将来时的陈述句1.more,andyou"llimproveyourspokenEnglish.A.SpeakB.SpeaksC.SpeakingD.Tospeak2.Hurryup,youcan"tfinishtheworkontime. A.andB.soC.butD.or Keys:AD三、语法精讲1、V天王：V（代表行为动词原形）+宾语+其它成分。最喜欢的一句话：Lookafterthetwinstoday.今天照顾一下这对双胞胎。1）［类型］Do型2）［结构］V（代表行为动词原形）+宾语+其它成分【例题精讲】例1.Closethewindow.关上窗户。例2.Helpyourselftosomefish.随便吃点龟吧。【巩固练习】1.喝杯咖啡吧！2.全体起立！3.去把手洗了。4.走路小心。keys：Haveacupofcoffee!/Standup,everybody!/Goandwashyourhands./Watchyoursteps.2、B天王：Be+表语（名词、形容词等）+其它成分。最喜欢的一句话:Bequiet,please.请安静!1）［类型］Be型 2）［结构］B+表语（名词/形容词等）+其它成分【例题精讲】例l.Beagoodstudent!做个好学生！例2.Bequiet!安静！【巩固练习】1.亲爱的，高兴点儿！2.对人要和善.3.过马路时要小心。4.你一定要给我们写信.Keys:Beglad,dear./Bekindtootherpeople./Becarefulwhencrossingtheroad./Besuretowritetous.3、L天王：Let+宾语（通常是第一、第三人称宾格）+动词原形+其它成分。最喜欢的一句话:Let"sgo.咱们走吧。1）［类型］Let型2）［结构］3+宾语+动词原形+其它成分【例题精讲】例l.Lefsgohome!咱们回家吧!例2.Letherin.让她进来。【巩固练习】1.让我们去学校吧！2.不要让猫进来。3.让他现在回去吧。4.既然大家都饿了，就吃点东西吧!keys：keys：Let"sgotoschool/Don"tletthecatcomein/Letthecatnotcomein Lethimgobacknow.Let*shavesomethingtoeatsinceweareallhungry. CoLet型的否定式有两种:Don"t+let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其它成分如：Don"tlethimgo./Lethimnotgo.別让他走。4、D天王：Don"t+动词原形+其它成分。(以后你们将会学到。)最喜欢的一句话：Don"tforget“me”.不要忘记我!1)［类型］Doit型2)［结构］Donl+动词原形+其它成分【例题精讲】例1.Don"tbelate.不要迟到。例2.Don*treadinthesun.别在阳光下看书。【巩固练习】1.不要把书放这儿。2.别再那样说了！3.不要粗心。4.不要在会议室吸烟。5.不要担心,一切都会好起来的。keys：Don"tputthebookhere/Don"tsaythatagain!/Don"tbecareless./Don"tsmokeinthemeetingroom./Don?t私家秘籍 worry,everythingwillbefine.四大天王联合宣言：我们与句星公司祈使句终身签约。我们的形象永远和请求、命令、号召、劝告和建议联系在一起。如果大家喜欢我们，请在句末用感叹号或句号。最后请记住这则顺口溜：祈使句，无主语，BDLV（四种句型）是根基。原形动词作谓语，客气加上please.【知识梳理4】高频考点2）三哥let型的反义疑问句1）祈使句+and/or+-般将来时的陈述句Lets包括听话者，Lews不包括听话者。用于反意疑问句时最明显。Let*sgotoseethefilm,shallwe?咱们去看电影，好吗？（表征求意见或提建议）Letusgotoseethefilm,willyou?让我们去看电影，好吗？（表委婉客气的请求）/【例题精讲】例1・more,andyou"llimproveyourspokenEnglish.A.SpeakB.SpeaksC.SpeakingD.Tospeak Keys:A例2・Hurryup,youcan"tfinishtheworkontime.A.andB.soC.butKeys：D!：巩固练习】【课堂练习】l.Choosethebestanswer.1.exercising,andyoillbehealthier.A.KeepB.TokeepC.Keeping2.——I"mworriedaboutmyEnglish・—harderyouwillcatchupwithyourclassmates!A.Working;and.B.Towork;orC.Work;and.D.orD.Worked;or. 3.buyyourticketfromaticketmachine・Therearelotsofpeoplethere.A.NotB.nottooC.Don"t4.smokehere,dad.Smokinghasbeenbannedinpublicplaces-A.Don"tbeB.Don"tC.Nottobe5.-一I"mleavingnow.-一youturnoffthelights.A.TomakesureB.MakesureC.Madesure6.sleeptoolate.Itisbadforyourhealth・A.DoB.NotC.Don"t7.methetruth,orIwon"tletyouleavehere.A.TellB.TotellC.Telling&hardandyouwillmakeprogressinEnglish.A.WorkB.ToworkC.Working9.,andyouwillsucceedinthesingingcompetition.A・HuiryupB.TakeiteasyC・LookoutD.Don"ttoD.BenotD.MakingsureD.PleasenotD.ToldD.WorkedD.Becareful10.■一Don"tforgettosendhimane-cardonhisbirthday.No,IA.don"B.can"tC.haven%D.won"tKeys：1-5ACCBB6-10CAABD（此部分测试时间为10分钟左右，讲评时间为10分钟左右。对本次所学内容进行检测）教学建议：此部分必须由班级学员合作完成。建议步骤为：1）在8分钟内学员独立完成测试；2）老师给出答案，学员相互批改；3）在5分钟内就错题学员间相互合作，讨论错题，保证每一位学员都懂；4）老师随机抽查，根据学生的整体表现给出此部分的班级得分（评分标准参考课堂激励评分标准）1.■一lateforschoolnexttime.■一Sorry,Iwon"t.A.Don"tbeB.Don"tC.Be2.—PleasetoreturnmybookbyFriday.I"lluseitonSaturday.—No,problem・TilfinishreadingitonThursday.A.don"tforgetB.nottoforgetC.notforgetD.forgetnotto3.Herdoctorsaid:"worksohard,5A.StopB.Don"tC.Can"tD.No4.whenyoucrosstheroad・A.DocareB.CareC.DobecarefulD.Tobecareful5.himthesecret,willyou?A.Don"ttellB.NottotellC.NottellingD.Notelling6.inbed.It"sbadforyoureyes.A.NottoreadB.Don"treadC・Don"ttoreadD.Notread7.yourchild.We"lllookafterhim. A.NottoworryaboutBDon"tworryaboutC・NotworryforD.Don"tworrywith&methetruth,orIamnotgoingtoleavetheroom.A.TellingB.totellC.ifyoudon"ttellD.Tell9.late.Itisyourfirstdaytogotoschool.Yousee,wellbegunishalfdone.A.Don"ttobeB.Don"tbeC.NotbeD.Benot10.theumbrellawithyou.It"srainingoutside・A.TakingB.TotakeC.TakeD.TakesKeys：1-5AAACA1-10BBDBCA.Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文)WhensomeoneasksmewhatbusinessIamin,myfacefeelshot.Ienvy(嫉妒)peoplewhocansaythattheyarewriters,bookkeepersanddoctors・Allthesejobsspeakforthemselves・Ireallydomakealivingby1,andagoodone,too.1canlaughlikeakingorlikeaschoolboy.Itisaskillthat1havelearned,2theskillofmendingshoes・Wheneverandhoweverlaughterisneeded—Iamaskedtodoit.Ilaughlikeabusdriverorashopkeepe匚Ilaugh3,kindlyandhappily・Ineedhardlypointoutthatajobofthiskindistiring.Ispendmosteveningsinnightclubs.Myjobistolaughduringthe4partoftheshow・Myloud,heartylaughtermustbetimedcarefully.Itmustnotcometoosoon,butneithermustitbetoolate・Igothroughlifequietly・Ican5thelaughterofothers.Icanlaughinmanydifferentways.ButI"mnotsurethatIhaveeverheardthesoundofmyownlaughte匚()1.A.laughingB.writingC.speakingD.working()2.A.atB.toC.byD.like()3.A.gladlyB.sadlyC.trulyD.suddenly()4.A.weakerB.strongerC.moreterribleD.morewonderful()5.A.getB.makeC.copyD.haveB.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)Thegiraffe(长颈鹿)isthet1modernlandanimal.Itcanbeo25.5metrestall.Itsneckalonemaybe1.9metreslong・Yetthegiraffehasonlysevenbones(骨)initsneck,thesamenumberasinthehuman,Evenasmallbirdhasmanym3bonesinitsneckthaninatallgiraffe・Eachboneinagiraffe"sneckisverylong,whilethebonesinahumanneckaresmall.Thatmakesthed4Afemalegiraffegivesbirthtoonebabya5atime・Thebaby,calledacalf,isabout1・9metrestallatbirth.Bytheageofeightitisfull-grown.Thegiraffeeatsmostlyleaves・Becauseithasalongneck,itcanreachtheleaveshighuponthetrees・1.12.o3.m4.d5.aKey:A:l.A2.D3.B4.A5.CB:1.tallest2.over3.more4.difference5.at 教学建议：1、老师引导学牛针对达标检测错题进行反思和总结；2、老师引导学生对精讲提升相关知识进行总结，可采用表格、思维导图等形式呈现。我的总结（此部分内容包含本次课所学内容相关的练习题及综合练习题。建议题量保持在30分钟左右可以完成的范围内）I.Choosethebestanswer1.Herdoctorsaid:“worksohard"A.StopB.Don"tC.Can"tD.No2.Cindy,tobehereat8o"clockA.issureB・issurethatC.willbesureD.besure3.whenyoucrosstheroad.A.DocareB.CareC.DobecarefulD.Tobecareful4.himthesecret,willyou?A.Don"ttellB.NottotellC.NottellingD.Notelling5.inbed・ITsbadforyoureyes・ A.NottoreadB.DorftreadC.Don"ttoreadD.Notread6.yourchild.We5lllookafterhim.A.NottowonyaboutC・NotworryforB.Don"tworryaboutD.Don"tworrywith7.Theyareverytired・Whyhavearest?A.nottheyB.donottheyC.don"ttheyD.notto8.一Youlookrathertired.stoppingtohavearest?—Allright.A.WhynotB.HowaboutC.WhynottoD.whydon"t9.tellalie.A.HardB.NotC.NoD.Never10.PleaseA.notB.don"tC.aren"tD.can"tlookoutside・Lookattheblackboard.11・Whydon"tyoujoinusinthegame?TheunderlinedpartcanbereplacedbyA.WhatnotB.WhynotC.Whyto12goforthebookalone,Ms.Zhang.A.LeTsB.LetmeC.LetusD.HowtoD.AllowKeys:1-B2.D3・C4.A5・B6-B7.C8.B9.D10.A1LB12.BA.Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文)DearTony,Howwasyourdayoff?Didyouhavefuncamping?Ididn"thaveaveryfun]・Ivisitedmycousins.Itrainedallday.Inthemorning,I2inthehouseandwatchedvideos,3computergamesandread.Intheafternoon,UncleMartinputsomeofhisoldthingsout4andhadayardsale!Unfortunately,itwasalittle5.Noonecametothesalebecausetheweatherwassocold・()1.A.gameB.videoC.dayD.sale()2.A.putB.cameC.jumpedD.stayed()3.A.playedB.didC.boughtD.took()4.A.intheroomB.intheyardC.atschoolD.atthecinema()5.A.excitingB.interestingC.funnyD.boringB.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)Tomwasdrivinghomefromthestationinhiscaryesterdayeveningwhenhehadanaccident.Hewasdrivingalongamainroada15()kilometersanhourwhenanothercarcameoutofasideroadandhithis.Therewasalotofdamagetobothcars,andb2Tomandtheotherman,Mr.Brown,werehurt.OneofTom"sarmswasbroken,andMrBrownhadabadcutonhishead.AnothercarwasfollowingTom"s.Itstoppedq3_andamanandawomangotoutofit.TheyrantothedamagedcarsandpulledTomandMr.Brownoutoftheircarsbecausetheythought,HPerhapsthegasinthosecarswillcatchfireandb4thetwomen." Themanandthewomanhadsomecottonandbandages（绷带）intheircar,sotheyputthemonthecutsonTomrsarmandonMrBrown"shead.Thentheytelephonedad5andthepolice.Soonacaramvedandtookthetwomentohospital.Twopolicemenalsoarrivedandbegantomeasurethings.Finally,atruckcameandpulledthetwocarsofftheroad.1.a2.b3.q4.b5.dKey:A:l.C2.D3.A4・B5.DB:Lat2.both3.quickly4.burn5.doctor（此部分旨在对下节课将要学习的内容进行提前预习。可根据下节课主题进行设置。）一、观察以下图片，找出每句话中的情态动词并思考情态动词所表示的含义。Theboyhasbeenplayingcomputergamesforthreehours,whatmusttheboydonow?Whatshecando?Theroomisinamass,whatshouldthestudentsdo?二、英语中还有哪些情态动词，动手搜集一下吧。（4个）