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中考英语语法特辑---名词 (一)名词的分类 名词分为普通名词和专有名词,其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词,可数名词要注意单复数。 (二)名词的数 1、可数名词与不可数名词 A、不可数名词,中学阶段常见的不可数名词有:water;meat;rice;bread;milk;tea;orange(桔汁);fruit;air;snow;chalk;work;paper(纸);time(时间);music;weather;grass;news;food;fish(鱼肉);coke;porridge;cake(可数或不可数).不可数名词应注意以下几点: 1)前无冠,后无复;作主语为三单. 2)表量用约数some/any;much;alotof eg.Thereis____breadonthetable.[] A.aB.oneC.apieceofD.many Thereissome_______ontheplate.[] A.appleB.fishC.milksD.deer 2、可数名词的复数 不规则变化: man——menm,woman——women,policeman——policemen,foot——feet,tooth——teeth,child——children,mouse—mice,Ox—Oxen,mouse—mice 注意: ①potato—potatoes;tomato—tomatoes ②单复同形:fish;sheep;deer;Chinese;Japanese ③由man,woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数(mandoctor—mendoctors) ④reef—reefs ⑤“某国人”的复数:口诀是“ eg.German—Germans ⑥有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词,但词义有所不同。 eg: cloth布——,acloth桌布、抹布; sand沙——sands沙滩; tea茶——atea一杯茶; orange橘汁——anorange橘子; glass玻璃——aglass玻璃杯,glasses眼镜; paper纸——apaper试卷、论文; wood木头——awood小森林; room空间、余地——aroom房间 fruit——fruits;food——foods;fish——fishes;drink——adrink; 3、名词所有格:名词’s(意思是“……的”) A.有生命的名词所有格,一般在后加“’s”; 注意: 1)表两者共有则在后者加“’s”3
LucyandLily’sfather露西和莉莉的父亲 Lucy’sandLily’sfathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲. 2)以s结尾的词只加“’” eg.1)theboys’books2)James’father 3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导 eg.thelegofthedesk 4)双重所有格:afriendofmyfather’s afriendofmine(√)afriendofmy(×)练习 一、写出下列词的复数 1.book______2.bus______3.orange_______ 4.baby______5.boy______6.my________ 7.his_______8.knife______9.watch________ 10.sheep______11.tooth_____12.leaf____ 13.German__________14.Chinese_________ 二、选择正确的答案 ()1.—Arethose______? ---No,theyaren’t.They’re_____. A.sheep;cowsB.sheep;cow C.sheeps;cowD.sheeps;cows ()2.Mum,I’mquitethirsty.Pleasegiveme____. A.twoorangeB.twobottlesoforange C.twobottlesorangeD.twobottlesoforanges ()3.Ihavegot___newsfrommyfriend.Doyouwanttoknow? A.averygoodB.any C.apieceofD.twopieces ()4.___roomisonthe5thfloor. A.LucyandLilyB.LucyandLily’s C.Lucy’sandLilyD.Lucy’sandLily’s ()5.EverymorningMr.Smithtakesa____tohisoffice. A.20minutes’walkB.20minute’swalk C.20-minuteswalkD.20-minutewalk ()6.ThisisJamesAllanGreen.Wecancallhim____. A.Mr.GreenB.Mr.Allan C.Mr.JamesD.JamesGreen ()7.JackandTomare____. A.goodfriendsB.goodfriend C.agoodfriendD.goodafriend ()8.It’sonlyaboutten____walktothenearestpostoffice. A.minutesB.minute’sC.minutes’D.minute ()9.Heoftenhas____forbreakfast. A.twobreadsB.twopieceofbreads C.twopiecesofbreadD.twopiecesofbreads ()10.Mrs.Greenhastwo____.They’reverybright.3
A.childsB.childC.children’sD.children ()11.WhatdidtheheadmastersayaboutJim’s______. A.twomonthsholidayB.twomonths’holiday C.two-monthholidayD.twomonth’sholidays ()12.Iwon’tgotherewithyou,forIhavealotof____todo. A.worksB.jobC.workD.working ()13.LiLeiisafriendof___. A.IsisterB.mysister’s C.mesisterD.mysisterof ()14.Haveyouread____? A.today’sB.todaypaper C.thetoday’spaperD.today’spaper ()15.Howmany___arethereintheroom? A.boxesB.boxC.boxsD.boxxes ()16.Many____havebeenbuiltinourcitysince1987. A.factorysB.factories C.factoryesD.factorys ()17.Therearelotsof___inthebasketonthetable. A.tomatosB.tomatoC.tomatoesD.tomatoss ()18.Thecatcaughttwo___lastnight. A.mousesB.miceC.mouseD.mices ()19.Jackwenttohavetwo___pulledoutyesterdayafternoon. A.toothsB.toothC.teethD.toothes ()20.Inourschooltherearefifty-five___. A.womenteachersB.womanteachers C.womenteacherD.woman’steacher ()21.Thethree___willbeputintoprison. A.thiefsB.thiefC.thievesD.thiefs’ 练习题答案: 1——5ABCBD6—10AACCD 11—15CCBDA16—21BCBCAC3