汉维谚语在翻译中的民族文化差异探析 51页

:ﻗىﺴﻘىﭽەﻣەزﻣﯘﻥﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺑىﺮﺧىﻞﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﺗىﻞهﺎدىﺴىﺴﻰﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺋﯚزىﮕەﻥﯘرﻏﯘﻥﻠىﻐﺎنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﯘچﯘرﻝىﺮىﻨﻰﺱىﯖﺪۈرﮔەنﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇ.ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻣىﻠﻠىﺘﻰﺑىﻠەنﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣىﻠﻠىﺘىﺪىﻜﻰدىﻨىﻲﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎدﻥىﯔﺋﻮﺧﺸىﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰ،ﺗﺎرىﺨىﻨىﯔﺋﻮﺧﺸىﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰ،ﺗﯘرﻣﯘشآەچﯜرىﯟاﺗﻘﺎنﺋﯧﻜىﻠﻮﮔىﻴىﻠىﻚﻣﯘهىﺘﻨىﯔﺋﻮﺧﺸىﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰ،ﺗىﻞ-ﻳﯧﺰىﻘىﻨىﯔﺋﻮﺧﺸىﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰﺑﯘﺋىﻜﻜﻰﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﻨﻰﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﻥﯘﻗﺘىﺴىﺪىﻦﺗەﺗﻘىﻖﻗىﻠىﺸﻨﻰﻳﯧﺘەرﻝىﻚﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱﻼرﺑىﻠەنﺗەﻣىﻦﺋﯧﺘىﺪۇ.ﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝىﺪاﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر-ﺧەﻥﺰۇﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺴىﮕەﺗەﺱىﺮآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺪىﻐﺎنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻣىﻠﻠىﺮىﻨﻰﺗەهﻠىﻞﻗىﻠىﺶۋەﺋﯘﻻرﻥﻰﺋﯚزﺋﺎراﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻠىﺮىﻨﻰﺗﯘﻥﯘﺷﺘﯘرۇﻝﯘشﺋﺎرﻗىﻠىﻖ،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر-ﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﻨﻰﺋﯚز-ﺋﺎراﺑىﺮ-ﺑىﺮىﮕەﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺸﻨىﯔﺋەهﻤىﻴﺘﻰﺋﻮﺗﺘﯘرىﻐﺎﻗﻮﻳﯘﻝىﺪۇ.ﺷﯘﻥﺪاﻗﻼﺋﺎﻻﻗىﺪارﻳﯧﯖىﭽەﻥەزەرىﻴەﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱﻠىﺮىﺋىﻠﮕىﺮىﺱﯜرۈﻝىﺪۇ.ﺑﻮﻝﯘﭘﻤﯘﺷىﻨﺠﺎﯕﺪىﻜﻰﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر،ﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠىﺮىﻨىﯔﺋﯚزﺋﺎراﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻝﻤﺎﺷﺘﯘرۇﺷﻰۋەﺷىﻨﺠﺎڭراﻳﻮﻥىﺪىﻜﻰﻗﻮشﺗىﻞﻣﺎﺋﺎرىﭙﻰﺋﯘﻗﯘﺗﯘﺷىﻨىﯔﺋىﻠﮕىﺮىﺱﯜرۈﻝﯜﺷﻰﺋﯜچﯜنﻣﯘﺋەﻳﻴەندەرىﺠىﺪەﻳﯧﺘەآﭽﻰرولﺋﻮﻳﻨﺎﺷﻘﺎ:ﺗىﺮىﺸىﻠىﺪۇ.ﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝەﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱﻠىﻖﺗﯚۋەﻥﺪىﻜﻰﺗﯚتﺑﯚﻝەآﺘىﻦﺗەرآىﺐﺗﺎﭘﻘﺎنﺑىﺮىﻨﭽﻰﺑﯚﻝەكﻣﯘﻗەددىﻤەﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرهەﻗﻘىﺪەﻗىﺴﻘىﭽەﻣﯘهﺎآىﻤەﺋﯧﻠىﭗﺑﯧﺮىﻠىﺪۇ،ﺋﯘﻥىﯖﺪىﻦآﯧﻴىﻦﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰﻗىﺴﻘىﭽەﺑﺎﻳﺎنﻗىﻠىﻨىﭗﺋﯚﺗﯜﻝىﺪۇ.ﺋىﻜﻜىﻨﭽﻰﺑﯚﻝەآﺘەﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر.ﺧەﻥﺰۇﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﮕەﺗەﺱىﺮآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺪىﻐﺎنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻣﻤىﻠىﺮى،ﻳەﻥﻰﺗﺎرىﺨىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەت،ﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰ،دىﻨىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەت،ﻣﺎآﺎنﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻘﻼر.ﺋﯜﺱﺘىﺪەﻣﯘهﺎآىﻤەﻳﯜرﮔﯜزىﻠىﺪۇ1 ﺋﯜچﯜﻥﭽﻰﺑﯚﻝەآﺘەﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر،ﺧەﻥﺰۇﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺴىﺪىﻜﻰﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱﻠىﻖﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻼرﻗىﺴﻘىﭽەﺗﯘﻥﯘﺷﺘﯘرۇﻝىﺪۇۋەﺧﺎﺗﺎﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺪىﻦآﯧﻠىﭗچىﻘﻘﺎنﺑىﺮ.ﻗىﺴىﻢﺧﺎﺗﺎﻝىﻘﻼرۋەﺋﺎﻻﻗىﺪارﻣىﺴﺎﻝﻼرﺋﯜﺱﺘىﺪەﻗىﺴﻘىﭽەﺗﻮﺧﺘىﻠىﭗﺋﯚﺗﯜﻝىﺪۇﺗﯚﺗﯜﻥﭽﻰﺑﯚﻝەكﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝىﻨىﯔﺧﺎﺗىﻤەﻗىﺴﻤﻰﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺑﯘﺑﯚﻝەآﺘەﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر-ﺧەﻥﺰۇﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﻨﻰﺋﯚز-ﺋﺎراﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺸﻨىﯔﺋەهﻤىﻴىﺘﻰۋەروﻝﻰهەﻗﻘىﺪە.ﻣﯘهﺎآىﻤەﻳﯜرﮔﯜزىﻠىﺪۇﺋﺎچﻘﯘچﻠﯘقﺱﯚزﻝەر:ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺗىﻠﻰ؛ﺧەﻥﺰۇﺗىﻠﻰ؛ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەر؛ﺗەرﺝىﻤە؛.ﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﭘەرﻗﻰ2 中文摘要：谚语是一种特殊的语言形式，它承载了许多文化信息。维吾尔族和汉族的宗教信仰的不同，历史的不同，生活生态环境的不同，并且语言文字的不同，这两个民族的谚语从文化角度来研究给我们提供了充分的可比性。本论文主要分析通过对维吾尔族与汉族谚语翻译的影响的文化元素，并且介绍互相翻译方法与技巧提出了维吾尔族与汉族谚语互相翻译的意义，促进新的理论基础，尤其是为了在新疆地区双语教育的发展起作用。本论文主要构成了四个部分。第一部分是绪论部分，本部分首先简单地讲述了谚语，然后，简述了维吾尔族与汉族文化。第二部分主要论述影响维吾尔族与汉族谚语的文化元素（历史文化，习俗文化，宗教文化，地域文化）。第三部分主要介绍了维吾尔族与汉族谚语翻译的方法与技巧，并且分析了死译导致的有些错误与例子。第四部分是结论部分。本部分主要分析了维吾尔族与汉族谚语翻译的意义和作用。关键词：维吾尔语；汉语；谚语；翻译；文化差异3 Abstract:Sayingisaspecialkindoflanguageforms;itcarriesalotofculturalinformation.UyghurandHanChinesereligiousbeliefisdifferent,thehistoryisdifferent,thelifeoftheecologicalenvironmentisdifferent,andthelanguageisdifferent,thetwonationalproverbsfromaculturalperspectivetostudyprovideuswiththefullcomparability.ThisthesismainlyanalysisofUyghurandHannationalitybytheinfluenceofthetranslatedproverbsofculturalelements,andintroducesthetranslationmethodsandskillsineachotherUyghurandHannationalityproposedproverbtranslationmeaningeachother,promotenewtheoreticalbasis,especiallyinbilingualeducationinXinjiangregionofdevelopmentwork.Thisthesismainlyformsthefourparts.Thefirstpartistheintroductionsection,thispartofthefirstsimplytellstheproverb,andthentoldtheUyghurandHannationalityculture.ThesecondpartofthispaperdiscussesmainlytheUyghurandChineseproverbinfluenceoftheculturalelements(historicalculture,customculture,religiousculture,regionalculture.)ThethirdpartmainlyintroducedtheUyghurandChineseproverbtranslationmethodsandskills,andanalyzesthetranslationofsomeofthemistakesledtodeathwithexample.Thefourthpartistheconclusion.ThispartmainlyanalysistheUyghurandChineseproverbtranslationofthemeaningandfunction.4 Keywords:Uyghur；Chinese；proverb；translation；Culturaldifferences5 ﺑىﺮىﻨﭽﻰﺑﺎب.ﻣﯘﻗەددىﻤەﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞهەﻗﻘىﺪەﻗىﺴﻘىﭽەﺑﺎﻳﺎن.1ﺗىﻞآىﺸﻠەرﺑىﻠەنآىﺸﻠەرﺋﺎرﺱىﺪاﺋﯘچﯘرﻳەﺗﻜﯜزىﺪىﻐﺎنﻳﺎآﻰﻣەﻗﺴەدﻣﯘددىﺌﺎ،ﭘىﻜىﺮﻝەرﻥﻰﺋىﭙﺎدەﻗىﻠىﺪىﻐﺎن،ﺷﯘﻥﺪاﻗﻼﺋىﻨﺴﺎﻥﻼرﻥىﯔﺗەﭘەآﻜﯘرﻳﯜرﮔﯜزۈﺷىﺪەۋەدۇﻥﻴﺎﻥﻰﺑىﻠىﺸىﺪەآەمﺑﻮﻝﺴﺎﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﻳﺪىﻐﺎنﺋﺎﻻﻗىﻠىﺸىﺶﻗﻮراﻝىﺪۇر.ﺗىﻞﻣﯘﺋەﻳﻴەنﺑىﺮﮔﯘرۇهﻨﻰ،ﺝﺎﻣﺎﺋەﺗﻨﻰ،ﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻨﻰﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎﮔﯘرۇه،ﺝﺎﻣﺎﺋەتۋەﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﺘىﻦﺋﺎﻳﺮىﻴﺪىﻐﺎن،.ﭘەرىﻘﻠەﻥﺪۈرۈپﺗﯘرىﺪىﻐﺎنﺑەﻝﮕىﻠەرﺱﯧﺴﺘىﻤىﺴىﺪۇرﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻨىﯔﺗﺎرىﺨﻰﺗەرەﻗﻘىﻴﺎتۋەﺗﯘرﻣﯘشﺋەﻣەﻝىﻴىﺘﻰﺝەرﻳﺎﻥىﺪاﺗەدرىﺠﻰﺷەآىﻠﻠەﻥﮕەنﺋىﻨﺴﺎﻥىﻴەتﺋەﻗىﻞ-ﭘﺎراﺱىﺘىﻨىﯔﺝەۋهىﺮىﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺋﯘﻥىﯖﻐﺎهﺎﻳﺎﺗﻠىﻖ،ﺋﯧﺘىﻜﺎ،ﺗﯘرﻣﯘش،ﻣﯘهەﺑﺒەت-ﻥەﭘﺮەتﺗﻮﻏﺮﺱىﺪىﻜﻰﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰﻗىﻤﻤەﺗﻠىﻚﻣەدەﻥىﻲﻣىﺮاﺱﻼرۋەﭘەﻝﺴەﭘەۋىﻴﻠىﻜﻜەﺗﻮﻳﯘﻥﻐﺎنآﯚز-ﻗﺎراﺷﻼرﻣﯘﺝەﺱﺴەﻣﻠەﻥﮕەنﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺑىﺮﭘﯜﺗﯜنﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻨىﯔﺋﯘزاقﺗﺎرىﺨﻰدەۋرﻝەردىﻦﺑﯘﻳﺎن.ﺗﯘرﻣﯘشﺋەﻣەﻝىﻴىﺘىﺪەﻳەآﯜﻥﻠىﮕەنﺗەﺝﺮىﺒە-ﺱﺎۋاﻗﻠىﺮىدەپﻗﺎراﺷﻘﺎﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇﺗىﻠﺸﯘﻥﺎسﺧﻮڭﺑﺎۋﺗﯥﺋﯧﻴﺘﻘﺎﻥﺪەك:»ﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﺗىﻞۋەﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺑىﺮ-ﺑىﺮىﺪىﻦﺋﺎﻳﺮىﻼﻝﻤﺎﻳﺪىﻐﺎنﻗﺎنﺑىﻠەنﮔﯚﺷﺘەكﻣﯘﻥﺎﺱىﯟەﺗﻜەﺋىﮕە،ﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﺘىﻜﻰﺋىﺠﺘىﻤﺎﺋىﻲﺗﯜزۈﻝﻤە،دىﻨىﻲ-ﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎد،آەﺱﭗ،ﺋﯘرۇق-ﺗﯘﻏﻘﺎﻥﭽىﻠىﻖﻣﯘﻥﺎﺱىﯟىﺘﻰ1-ﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻘﻼرﻥىﯔهەﻣﻤىﺴﻰﺗىﻞﺋﺎدىﺘىﮕەﺗەﺱىﺮآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺪۇ.«ﺷﯘﻥﺪاق،ﺗىﻞ.ﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻨىﯔﺗﯘﺷﯘﻏﯘچىﺴﻰۋەﺋەڭﻣﯘهىﻢﺑىﺮﺗەرآىﺒﻰﻗىﺴﻤىﺪۇر1.دىﯔﺷىﭽىﯔ:»ﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺝەﻣﺌﻴەﺗﺸﯘﻥﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰ«،ﻣﺎﺋﺎرىﭗﺋىﻠﻤﻰﻥەﺷﺮىﻴﺎﺗﻰ،2004-ﻳىﻞﻥەﺷﺮى،119-ﺑەت6 ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺑىﺮﺧىﻞﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﺗىﻞهﺎدىﺴىﺴﻰﺑﻮﻝﯘشﺱﯜﭘىﺘﻰﺑىﻠەنﭘەﻝﺴەﭘىﻠىﻜﻜە،ﺋىﺠﺘىﻤﺎﺋىﻠىﻘﻘﺎ،هﯧﺴﺴىﻴﻠىﻘﻘﺎﺋىﮕەﻣەﺱىﻠىﻠەرﻥﻰهەرﺧىﻞﺷەآىﻠﻠەردەﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠەﭘﻼﻗﺎﻝﻤﺎي،ﻳەﻥەﻗﻮﻳﯘقﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺗﯜﺱىﮕەﺋىﮕە.ﺑىﺮاق،هەرﻗﺎﻳﺴﻰﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەرﻥىﯔﺗﺎرىﺨىﻲﺗەرەﻗﻘىﻴﺎﺗﻰ،ﻳﺎﺷﺎشﺋﺎدىﺘﻰ،ﺗىﻞ-ﻳﯧﺰىﻘﻰ،ﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدىﺘﻰ،ﺷﯘﻥﺪاﻗﻼﺋﯘﻻرﺗﯘرﻣﯘشآەچﯜرۋاﺗﻘﺎنﻣﺎآﺎن،زاﻣﺎن،دىﻨىﻲ-ﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎدﻥىﯔﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘىﻐﺎﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱەنهەرﻗﺎﻳﺴﻰﻣىﻠﻠەتﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﻨىﯔﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرﮔەنﻣەزﻣﯘﻥﻰ،ﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠەشﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻰۋەﺷەآىﻠﻠىﺮىﺪىﻤﯘﭘەرﻗﻠەرﻣەۋﺝﯜت.ﺑﯘﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰﺷﯘ.ﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەرﻥىﯔﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨىﯔﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰﺗەرىﭙىﺪىﻦﺑەﻝﮕىﻠىﻨىﺪۇﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺗىﻠىﻨىﯔﺋﯧﻨىﻘﻠىﻘﻰ،ﺋىﺨﭽﺎﻣﻠىﻘﻰ،ﺝﺎﻥﻠىﻘﻠىﻘﻰ،رﯦﺘىﻤﺪارﻝىﻘﻰ،ﺋﺎهﺎﯕﺪارﻝىﻘﻰﺑىﻠەنﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺗىﻠىﻨىﯔﺱەﻝﺘەﻥەﺗىﻨﻰﻥﺎﻣﺎﻳەنﻗىﻠىﭙﻼﻗﺎﻝﻤﺎي،ﻳەﻥەﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻣىﻠﻠىﺘىﻨىﯔﺋﯘزاقﺋەﺱىﺮﻝىﻚﺋىﺠﺘىﻤﺎﺋىﻲﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷﻰﺑىﻠەنﻳىﻠﺘىﺰداشۋەﺗﯘﭘﺮاﻗﺪاشﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻣىﻠﻠىﺘىﻨىﯔﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨىﻤﯘﺋﯚزىﺪەﻥﺎﻣﺎﻳەنﻗىﻠﻐﺎن.ﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﺪاﺗىﻠﻐﺎﺋﯧﻠىﭗﺋﯚﺗﻜىىﻤىﺰدەك،ﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤىﻐﺎنﺋىﺠﺘىﻤﺎﺋىﻲﺗﯜزۈﻝﻤە،ﺗەﺑىﺌﻲﻣﯘهىﺖ،دىﻨىﻲﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎد،آەﺱﭗ،ﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدەتﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻘﻼرﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﺗىﻠىﻐﺎزورﺗەﺱىﺮﻝەرﻥﻰآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺪۇ،ﺷﯘﻥﺪاﻗﻼﺷﯘﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻨىﯔﻣﯘﺱﺘەﻗىﻞﺗەﭘەآﻜﯘرﺷەآﻠﻰ،ﭘىﺴﺨىﻜىﻠىﻖﺱﺎﭘﺎۋەﺧﺎراآﺘﯧﺮﺋﺎﻻهىﺪىﻠىﻜىﻨﻰﺑەﻝﮕىﻠەﻳﺪۇ.ﺑﯘﻻرﻥىﯔهەﻣﻤىﺴﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەردەآﯚرۈﻥەرﻝىﻚﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرۈﻝﯜپ،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻖ.ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﻨﻰﻣﯘﺱﺘەﻗىﻞﺑىﺮﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻻهىﺪىﻠىىﮕەﺋىﮕەﻗىﻠﻐﺎنﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر،ﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰهەﻗﻘىﺪەﻗىﺴﻘىﭽەچﯜﺷەﻥﭽە.2ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺋەﻥﺌەﻥىﯟىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰآﯚپﺧىﻞﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻨىﯔﺋﺎرىﻼﺷﻤىﺴىﺪىﻦ7 ﺷەآىﻠﻠەﻥﮕەنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺱﯧﺴﺘىﻤىﺴﻰﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﻣىﻼدىﻴە9-ﺋەﺱىﺮﻝەردەﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺗﺎرىﺨىﺪاﺑىﺮﻗﯧﺘىﻤىﻠﻖچﻮڭﺋﯚزﮔىﺮىﺶۋەﺑﯘرۇﻝﯘشﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎن.دەﺱﻠەپﻣﻮﯕﻐﯘلداﻻﺱىﺪاچﺎرۋىﭽىﻠىﻖﺑىﻠەنﺷﯘﻏﯘﻝﻠىﻨىﺪىﻐﺎنﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرهەرﺧىﻞﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰﺋﺎﭘەتۋەﺋﯘرۇشﺗﺎﻻﺷﻼرﺗﯜﭘەﻳﻠىﺪىﻦﻏەرﺑﻜەآﯚچﯜپ،ﺗەﯕﺮىﺘﺎغراﻳﻮﻥىﺪىﻜﻰﺋﯚزﻗﯧﺮىﻨﺪاﺷﻠىﺮىﺑىﻠەنﺑىﺮﻝەﺷﻜەنهەمﺗﺎرىﻢۋادىﺴىﻨﻰﻣەﯕﮕﯜﻝﯜكﻣﺎآﺎنﺗﯘﺗﻘﺎن.ﺋﻮت،ﺱﯘﻗﻮﻏﻠىﺸىﭗآﯚچﻤەنچﺎرۋىﭽىﻠىﻖﺑىﻠەنﺷﯘﻏﯘﻝﻠىﻨىﺪىﻐﺎنﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺑﺎرا-ﺑﺎرادﯦﻬﻘﺎﻥﭽىﻠىﻘﻨﻰﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱىﻲﺗﯘرﻣﯘشﺷەآﻠﻰﻗىﻠىﺪىﻐﺎنﻳﯧﺰاﺋىﮕىﻠىﻚﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﮕەآﯚچﻜەن.ﺋﯘﻻرﻥىﯔدىﻨىﻲ-ﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎد،ﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدەﺗﻠىﺮىﺪىﻤﯘﭘەﻳﺪىﻨﭙەيﺋﯚزﮔىﺮىﺶﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎن.ﻳىﭙەكﻳﻮﻝىﻨىﯔﺋﯧﭽىﻠىﺸﻰﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻥىﯔﺗﯘرﻣﯘشۋەﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﺪەآﯚپﻗﺎﺗﻼﻣﻠىﻖﺋﯚزﮔىﺮىﺶﭘەﻳﺪاﻗىﻠﻐﺎن.ﻳﯧﭙەكﻳﻮﻝﻰﻏەرب-ﺷەرﻗﻨىﯔﺱﻮدىﺴىﻨﻰراۋاﺝﻼﻥﺪۇرۇﭘﻼﻗﺎﻝﻤﺎي،ﺋەڭﻣﯘهىﻤﻰﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻝﻤﺎﺷﺘﯘرۇشۋەﺗەرەﻗﻘىﻲﻗىﻠﺪۇرۇﺷﺘﺎﻣﯘهىﻢرولﺋﻮﻳﻨىﻐﺎن.ﻗەدىﻤﻘﻰدەۋرﺷەرق-ﻏەربﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨىﯔﺋىﻠﮕىﺮىﺱﯜرۈﻝىﺸىﮕەۋەﺗەرەﻗﻘىﻴﺎﺗىﻐﺎﻏﺎﻳەتزورﺗەﺱىﺮﻝەرﻥﻰآﯚرﺱەﺗﻜەن.ﻳﯧﭙەكﻳﻮﻝىﻨﯔﻣەرآىﺰىﮕەﺝﺎﻳﻼﺷﻘﺎنﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻏەرب-ﺷەرﻗﻨىﯔآﯚپﻗﺎﺗﻼﻣﻠىﻖﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨىﯔﺗەﺱىﺮىﮕەﺋەڭآﯚپﺋﯘچﺮىﻐﺎنﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﻳىﭙەكﻳﻮﻝىﺪىﻜﻰﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎﻣىﻠﻠەتۋەﺋىﺠﺘىﻤﺎﺋىﻲﺗﻮﭘﻘﺎﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﻏەرب-ﺷەرقﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨﻰهەرﺗەرەﭘﻜەﺗﺎرﻗىﺘىﭙﻼﻗﺎﻝﻤﺎي،ﺋەڭﻣﯘهىﻤﻰﻏەرب-ﺷەرﻗﻨىﯔآﯚپﺧىﻞ،آﯚپﻗﺎﺗﻼﻣﻠىﻖﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨﻰﺋﯚزىﮕەﻗﻮﺑﯘلﻗىﻠﻐﺎن،هەمﺋﯘﻥﻰﻣﯘﺷﯘزﯦﻤىﻨﺪاﻳىﻠﺘىﺰﺗﺎرﺗﻘﯘزۇپ،ﺑىﺨﻼﻥﺪۇرۇپ،ﺗەرەﻗﻘىﻲﻗىﻠﺪۇرۇپ،ﺋﯚزىﺪىﻜﻰﺋەﺱﻠﻰﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺑىﻠەنﻏەرب-ﺷەرقﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨﻰﻗﻮشﻳﯚﻥىﻠىﺸﺘەﺗﺎرﻗىﺘىﺸﻘﺎﺑﺎﺷﻠىﻐﺎن.ﺷﯘﻥىﯔﺑىﻠەنﻣﯘﺷﯘزىﻤىﻨﺪاﻳىﻠﺘىﺰﺗﺎرﺗىﭗ،ﺗەرەﻗﻘىﻲﻗىﻠﻐﺎنﻏەرب-ﺷەرقﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰﺑىﻠەنﻳەرﻝىﻚﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺑىﺮﻝىﺸىﭗهﺎزىﺮﻗﻰزاﻣﺎنﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨﻰﺑﺎرﻝىﻘﻘﺎآەﻝﺘﯜرﮔەن.ﻳﯜزﻳىﻠﺪىﻦﺑﯘﻳﺎنﺑﯘزﯦﻤىﻨﺪىﻦﻗﯧﺰىﯟﯦﻠىﻨﻐﺎنهەرﺧىﻞﺋﺎرﺧىﻠﻮﮔىﻴىﻠىﻚﻣﺎددىﻲﺑﯘﻳﯘﻣﻼرۋە8 ﻣەﻥىﯟىﻲﻣىﺮاﺱﻼرﺋەﻳﻨﻰدەۋرﻝەردىﻜﻰﻏەرﺑىﻲراﻳﯘنﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨىﯔﺷﺎﻥﻠىﻖﻥﺎﻣﺎﻳەﻥﺪىﺴىﻨﻰﺋىﺴﭙﺎﺗﻼپﺑەردى،هەﻣﺪەﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰۋەﺗﺎرىﺨﻨﻰﺗەﺗﻘىﻖ.ﻗىﻠىﺶ،ﺗەرەﻗﻘىﻲﻗىﻠﺪۇرۇشﺋﯜچﯜنﻳﯧﺘەرﻝىﻚﻣﺎددىﻲﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱﻼرﺑىﻠەنﺗەﻣىﻦﺋەﺗﺘﻰﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺗﺎرىﺨىﺪىﻜﻰآﯚﭘﻠەپﻳﯧﺰىﻖﺋﺎﻝﻤﺎﺷﺘﯘرۇش،هەرﺧىﻞدىﻨﻼرﻥﻰﻗﻮﺑﯘلﻗىﻠىﺶ،ﺑﻮﻝﯘﭘﻤﯘﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻥىﯔﺗەآﻠىﻤﺎآﺎنﻗﯘﻣﻠﯘﻗىﻨىﯔﺋەﺗﺮاﭘىﻐﺎﺝﺎﻳﻠىﺸىﺸىﺪەكﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﻗﯘرﻏﺎقﺗەﺑىﺌىﻲﻣﯘهىﺖﺷﺎراﺋىﺘﻰﻥﯘرﻏﯘﻥﻠىﻐﺎنﺷﺎﻥﻠىﻖﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻠەرﻥىﯔﺑﯘزﻏﯘﻥﭽىﻠىﻘﻘﺎﺋﯘچﺮىﺸىﻐﺎ،ﻳﻮﻗﯘﻝﯘپآﯧﺘىﺸىﮕەﺱەۋەﺑﭽﻰﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎن.ﺷﯘﯕﻼﺷﻘﺎﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﻣﯘهىﺖ،ﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﺱىﻨﺎقۋەﺗﺎﺱﻘﺎﺷﻼردىﻦﺋﯚﺗﻜەنآﯚپﻗﺎﺗﻼﻣﻠىﻖ،.آﯚپﻗىﺮﻝىﻖﺋﺎرىﻠىﺸﺎﯕﻐﯘﺷﺎﻥﻠىﻖﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتهﯧﺴﺎﺑﻠىﻨىﺪۇﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺋەﻥﺌەﻥىﯟىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰﻗەدىﻤﻜﻰﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر)纥回(ﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰ،ﺋﻮﺗﺘﯘراﺗﯜزﻝەﯕﻠىﻚ)原中(ﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰ،ﭘﺎرس)斯波(ﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰ،رىﻢ)腊希(ﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰ،ﺋەرەب)伯拉阿(ﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻖآﯚپﺧىﻞﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻨىﯔﻳىﭙەكﻳﻮﻝىﺪاﺋﯚز-ﺋﺎراﺗەﺱىﺮآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺸىﺪىﻦﺷەآىﻠﻠەﻥﮕەنآﯚپﻗﺎﺗﻼﻣﻠىﻖﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺗﺎرىﺨﺘىﻦﺑﯘﻳﺎنﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻥىﯔﺋىﻘﺘىﺴﺎدىﻲﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷﻰرەﯕﺪار،ﺗىﻞ-ﻳﯧﺰىﻘﻰهەرﺧىﻞ،هەرﻗﺎﻳﺴﻰﺗﺎرىﺨﻰدەۋرﻝەردىﻜﻰدىﻨىﻲ-ﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎدىﻤﯘهەرﺧىﻞﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎچﻘﺎ،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻣىﻠﻠىﺘىﻨىﯔﺋەﻥﺌەﻥىﯟىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰآﯚپﻣەﻥﺒەﻝىﻚ،آﯚپﻗﺎﺗﻼﻣﻠىﻖۋەﺋﯧﭽىﯟﯦﺘىﺸﭽﺎﻥﻠىﻖ.ﺋﺎﻻهىﺪىﻠىﻜﻜەﺋىﮕەﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺱﺎﻥىﻠىﺪۇﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺋەڭدەﺱﻠەﭘﻜﻰﺋىﻘﺘىﺴﺎدىﻲﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷىﺪا،ﺑﻮﻝﯘﭘﻤﯘآﯚكﺗﯜركﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧﺎﻥﻠىﻘﻰدەۋرىۋەﺋﯘﻥىﯔﺋﺎﻝﺪىﻨﻘﻰدەۋرىﺪەچﺎرۋىﭽىﻠىﻘﻨﻰﺋﺎﺱﺎس،دﯦﻬﻘﺎﻥﭽىﻠىﻘﻨﻰﻗﻮﺷﯘﻣﭽەﻗىﻠﻐﺎنﺋىﻘﺘىﺴﺎدىﻲﺗﯜزۈﻝﻤەﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱىﻲﺋﻮرۇﻥﺪاﺗﯘرﻏﺎنﺑﻮﻝﺴﺎ،ﻗﯘچﯘﺧﺎﻥﻠىﻘﻰۋەﻗﺎراﺧﺎﻥىﻴﻼرﺧﺎﻥﻠىﻘﻰدەۋرىﺪىﻦآﯧﻴىﻦدﯦﻬﻘﺎﻥﭽىﻠىﻖﺋﺎﺱﺎس،چﺎرۋىﭽىﻠىﻖﻗﻮﺷﯘﻣﭽە،ﺑﺎﻏﯟەﻥﭽىﻠىﻚ،ﻗﻮلهﯜﻥەرۋەﻥﭽىﻠىﻚﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻖﻳﯧﻨىﻚﺱﺎﻥﺎﺋەتﻳﺎﻥﺪىﺸىﭗﻣﺎﯕﻐﺎنﺱﻮدا9 ﺋىﻘﺘىﺴﺎدىﺗەڭﻣەۋﺝﯜتﺑﻮﻝﯘپﺗﯘرﻏﺎنﺋىﻘﺘىﺴﺎدﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱىﻲﺋﻮرۇﻥﻐﺎﺋﯚﺗﻜەن.ﺑﯘدەۋرﻝەردىﻤﯘﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎﺷﻼﺋىﻘﺘىﺴﺎدىﻲﺑﺎزىﺲ،ﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﯜﺱﺘﻘﯘرۇﻝﻤﺎﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎچﻘﺎﺋىﻘﺘىﺴﺎدﻥىﯔﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻜەﺗەﺱىﺮآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺸﻰﺗﯘرﻏﺎﻥﻼﮔەپ.ﺷﯘﯕﺎ،ﺋىﻘﺘىﺴﺎدﻥىﯔﺑﯘدەۋردىﻜﻰﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻜەﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎنﺗەﺱىﺮﻝىﺮىﻤﯘﺑىﺮﻗەدەرآﯜچﻠﯜك.ﺋﺎﻝﺪىﻨﻘﻰچﺎرۋىﭽىﻠىﻖﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱﻰﺋﻮرۇﻥﺪا،ﻳﯧﺰاﺋىﮕىﻠىﻜﻰﻗﻮﺷﯘﻣﭽەﺋﻮرۇﻥﺪاﺗﯘرىﺪىﻐﺎندەۋردىﻜﻰﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺑىﻠەنﺱﯧﻠىﺸﺘﯘرﻏﺎﻥﺪاﻳەﻥەﻣﯘﺋەﻳﻴەنﭘەرﻗﻠەرﻣەۋﺝﯜتدەپﺋﯧﻴﺘىﺸﻘﺎ.ﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻥىﯔﺗﺎرىﺨﺘىﻦﺑﯘﻳﺎنﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷىﺪاﻗﻮﻝﻼﻥﻐﺎنﺗىﻞ-ﻳﯧﺰىﻘىﻤﯘآﯚپﺧىﻞ،آﯚپﻣەﻥﺒەﻝىﻚﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،آﯚكﺗﯜركﺧﺎﻥﻠىﻘﻰدەۋرىﺪەﺋىﺸﻠەﺗﻜەنﻳﯧﺰىﻖﺑﻮﻝﺴﺎﻗەدىﻤﻜﻰﺗﯜركﻳﯧﺰىﻘﻰ،ﺋﯘرﺧﯘنﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧﺎﻥﻠىﻘﻰدەۋرىﺪەﺋىﺸﻠەﺗﻜەنﻳﯧﺰىﻖﺑﻮﻝﺴﺎﺋﯘرﺧﯘن-ﻳﯧﻨىﺴەيﻳﯧﺰىﻘﻰ،ﻗﯘچﯘﺧﺎﻥﻠىﻘﻰدەۋرىﺪەﺋىﺸﻠەﺗﻜەنﻳﯧﺰىﻖﺑﻮﻝﺴﺎﻗەدىﻤﻜﻰﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻳﯧﺰىﻘﻰ،ﻗﺎراﺧﺎﻥىﻼردەۋرىﺪىﻦآﯧﻴىﻦﺋىﺸﻠەﺗﻜەنﻳﯧﺰىﻖﺑﻮﻝﺴﺎﺋەرەبﻳﯧﺰىﻘﻰﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻردىﻜﻰﻥﯘرﻏﯘﻥﻠىﻐﺎنﻗﻮﻝﻴﺎزﻣﺎ،ۋەﺱىﻘىﻠەرﻣﯘﺷﯘﻳﯧﺰىﻘﻼرداﻳﯧﺰىﭗ.ﻗﺎﻝﺪۇرۇﻝﯘپ،ﻗەدىﻤﻜﻰدەۋرﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨﻰﺑﯜﮔﯜﻥﮕىﭽەﻳەﺗﻜﯜزۈپآەﻝﮕەنﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷىﺪىﻜﻰﺑﯘﺧىﻞآﯚﭘﻠەپﻳﯧﺰىﻖﺋﺎﻝﻤﺎﺷﺘﯘرۇشۋەﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤىﻐﺎنﻳﯧﺰىﻘﻼرﻥﻰﺑىﺮۋاﻗىﺘﺘﺎﺗەڭﻗﻮﻝﻠىﻨىﺶهﺎدىﺴىﻠىﺮىﺑىﺮﺗەرەﭘﺘىﻦﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨﻰﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەرﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰﺑىﻠەنآﯚﭘﻠەپﺋﯘچﺮاﺷﺘﯘرۇشۋەﺋﯘﻥﻰﺑﯧﻴىﺘىﺶروﻝىﻨﻰﺋﻮﻳﻨىﺴﺎ،ﻳەﻥەﺑىﺮﺗەرەﭘﺘىﻦﺋىﻠﮕىﺮىﻳﺎرىﺘىﻠﻐﺎنﺑەزىﺒىﺮ.ﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻠەرﻥىﯔﻳﻮﻗىﻠﺸىﺪىﻜﻰۋاﺱﺘىﻠىﻚﺱەۋەﺑﻠەرﻥىﯔﺑىﺮىﺑﻮﻝﯘپﻗﺎﻝﻐﺎنﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺋﯚزﺗﺎرىﺨىﺪاﻳەﻥەﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤىﻐﺎندىﻨﻼرﻥﻰﻗﻮﺑﯘلﻗىﻠىﭗﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎدﻗىﻠﻐﺎن.ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻗەدىﻤﻘﻰدەۋرﻝەردەﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎهەرﻗﺎﻳﺴﻰﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەرﮔەﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎﺷﻼﺋىﭙﺘىﺪاﺋىﻲدىﻨﻼرﻏﺎﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎدﻗىﻠﻐﺎنﺑﻮﻝﺴﺎ،ﺋﯘﻥىﯖﺪىﻦآﯧﻴىﻦﺷﺎﻣﺎندىﻨىﻐﺎﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎدﻗىﻠﻐﺎن.آﯚك10 ﺗﯜركﺧﺎﻥﻠىﻘﻰدەۋرىﺪىﻦآﯧﻴىﻦﻣﺎﻥىﻲدىﻨىﻐﺎﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎدﻗىﻠﻐﺎن.ﻗﯘچﯘﺧﺎﻥﻠىﻘﻰدەۋرىﺪەﻣﺎﻥىﻲدىﻨﻰ،ﺑﯘددادىﻨﻰﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻖدىﻨﻼرﻏﺎﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎدﻗىﻠﻐﺎن.ﻝﯧﻜىﻦﻗﺎراﺧﺎﻥىﻼردەۋرىﮕەآەﻝﮕەﻥﺪەﺱﯘﻝﺘﺎنﺱﯘﺗﯘقﺑﯘﻏﺮاﺧﺎﻥﺪىﻦآﯧﻴىﻦﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻥىﯔدىﻨىﻲﻣﯘهىﺘىﺪاﺋﺎﻻهىﺪا.ﺋﯚزﮔىﺮىﺶﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺋىﺴﻼمدىﻨﻰﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻥىﯔﺋەڭﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱﻠىﻖدىﻨىﻐﺎﺋﺎﻳﻼﻥﻐﺎنﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺷﯘﻥىﯖﺪىﻦﺑﺎﺷﻼپﺑﯜﮔﯜﻥﻜﻰآﯜﻥﮕىﭽەﺋىﺴﻼمدىﻨىﻐﺎﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎدﻗىﻠىﭗآەﻝﻤەآﺘە،ﺷﯘﻥﺪاﻗﻼﺑﯘﻥىﯖﺪىﻦﺑﯘرۇنﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎدﻗىﻠﻐﺎنﺑەزىدىﻨﻼرﻥىﯔﺗەﺱىﺮىهﺎزىﺮﻣﯘﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷىﺪاﺑەﻝﮕىﻠىﻚدەرىﺠىﺪەﺱﺎﻗﻠىﻨىﭗ،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻥىﯔآﯜﻥﺪىﻠىﻚﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷىﻨىﯔﺑىﺮﻗىﺴىﻤﻐﺎﺋﺎﻳﻼﻥﻐﺎن،ﺋىﺴﻼمدىﻨﺪىﻦﺋىﻠﮕىﺮىﻜﻰدىﻨﻼرﺑﯜﮔﯜﻥﻜﻰآﯜﻥﺪەﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻥىﯔﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷىﺪاﺑەزىﻠىﺮىﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدەتﺗﯜﺱىﺪەﺱﺎﻗﻼﻥﺴﺎ،ﻳەﻥەﺑەزىﻠىﺮىهەرﺧىﻞﭘەرهىﺰﺱﯜﭘﺘىﺪەﺱﺎﻗﻠىﻨىﭗ،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷىﻐﺎهﯧﻠىﻤﯘﺑەﻝﮕىﻠىﻚﺗەﺱىﺮﻝەرﻥﻰ.آﯚرﺱىﺘىﭗآەﻝﻤەآﺘەدﯦﻤەك،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻥىﯔﺗﺎرىﺨﺘىﻦﺑﯘﻳﺎﻥﻘﻰﻣﯘﺷﯘﻥﺪاقآﯚپﻗﯧﺘىﻤﻠىﻖﻳﯧﺰىﻖ،ﺗىﻞ،دىﻨىﻲ-ﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎد،ﺋىﻘﺘﺴﺎدىﺗﯘرﻣﯘشﺷەآﻠىﻨىﯔﺋﯚزﮔىﺮىﺸﻰ،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺋەﻥﺌەﻥىﯟىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨىﯔﺋﯚزﮔىﺮىﺸﻰ،ﺋﺎﺱﺴىﻤىﻼﺗﺴىﻴەﺑﻮﻝﯘﺷﻰۋەﺗەرەﻗﻘىﻲﻗىﻠىﺸىﻐﺎﺑەﻝﮕىﻠىﻚﺗەﺱىﺮﻝەرﻥﻰآﯚرﺱىﺘىﭗ،ﺑﯜﮔﯜﻥﻜﻰدەۋردىﻜﻰﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻥىﯔﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷﻰ،ﭘىﺴﺨىﻜىﺴﻰۋەﺗىﻞﻣﯘهىﺘىﺪىﻤﯘزورﺋﯚزﮔىﺮىﺸﻠەرﻥﻰﭘەﻳﺪاﻗىﻠﻐﺎن.ﺑﯘهﺎلﺋﯚزﻥﯚۋىﺘىﺪەﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺪەهەرﺧىﻞﺷەآىﻞۋەﻣەزﻣﯘﻥﻼرداﺋەآﺲ.ﺋەﺗﻜەنﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰﺑەشﻣىﯔﻳىﻠﻠىﻖﺷﺎﻥﻠىﻖﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻜەﺋىﮕەﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰﺑىﻠەنﻥﯘرﻏﯘنﺝەهەﺗﻠەردىﻦﭘەرىﻘﻠىﻖﺗﯘرىﺪۇ.ﺧەﻥﺰۇﻻرﻣەﻳﻠﻰﺋﯚزﻝىﺮىﻳﺎﺷىﻐﺎنﺝﯘﻏﺮاﭘىﻴىﻠىﻚﻣﯘهىﺖۋەﺗەﺑىﺌﻲﺷﺎراﺋىﺘﻼرﺝەهەﺗﺘىﻦﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺑىﻠەنﭘەرﻗﻠىﻨىﭙﻼﻗﺎﻝﻤﺎﺱﺘىﻦ،ﻳەﻥەﺋﯘﻻرﻥىﯔﺗىﻞ-ﻳﯧﺰىﻘﻰ،ﻳﯧﻤەك-ﺋىﭽﻤەك،آىﻴىﻢ-آﯧﭽەك11 ﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰ،دىﻨىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰۋەهەرﺧىﻞﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدەت،ﭘىﺴﺨىﻜﺎﺝەهەﺗﻠەردىﻨﻤﯘﻥﯘرﻏﯘنﭘەرﻗﻠەرﮔەﺋىﮕە.ﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﺪىﻜﻰﺑﯘﺧىﻞﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎﺷﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻼرﺧەﻥﺰۇﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺑىﻠەنﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺪىﻜﻰﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﭘەرﻗىﻨﻰ.آەﻝﺘﯜرۈپچىﻘﺎرﻏﺎنﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﺪاﺑﺎﻳﺎنﻗىﻠىﭗﺋﯚﺗﻜىﻨىﻤىﺰدەك،ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﺗىﻠىﻨىﯔﺋەڭﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﭘەﻝﻠىﺴﻰۋەﺑەدىﺌىﻲﺱەۋىﻴﺴىﻨﻰآﯚرﺱىﺘىﭙﻼﻗﺎﻝﻤﺎي،ﺋەڭﻣﯘهىﻤﻰﺷﯘﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨﯔﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱىﻨﻰآﯚرﺱىﺘىﭗﺑﯧﺮىﺪىﻐﺎنﺋەڭﻣﯘهىﻢﺑەﻝﮕىﺪۇر.هەرﻗﺎﻳﺴﻰﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەردىﻜﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻣەﻳﻠﻰﺷەآىﻞ،ﻳﺎآﻰﻣەزﻣﯘنﺝەهەﺗﺘىﻦﺑﻮﻝﺴﯘنﺋﯚزﺋﺎﻝﺪىﻐﺎﻣﯘﺋەﻳﻴەنﭘەرﻗﻠەرﻥﻰﺱﺎﻗﻼپﺗﯘرىﺪۇ.ﺷﯘﯕﻼﺷﻘﺎ،ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺗەﺗﻘىﻘﺎﺗىﺪا،ﺑﻮﻝﯘﭘﻤﯘﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺑىﻠەنﺧەﻥﺰۇﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﻨﻰﺑىﺮ-ﺑىﺮىﮕەﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠﻐﺎﻥﺪا،ﺋىﻜﻜﻰﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻨىﯔﺋﻮﺧﺸىﻤىﻐﺎنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗىﻨﻰﺗﻮﻏﺮاﺗﻮﻥﯘپ،ﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﻥﯘﻗﺘىﺴىﺪاﺗﯘرۇپﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠﻐﺎﻥﺪاﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﺋﯚز-ﺋىﭽىﮕەﺋﺎﻝﻐﺎنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻨىﯔﻣەﻥﺒەﺱىﮕەۋەهەﻗىﻘىﻲﻣەﻥىﺴىﮕەﻳەﺗﻜىﻠﻰﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇ.ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺪەﺋەڭﻣﯘهىﻢۋەﺋەڭﻗىﻴىﻦﻥﯘﻗﺘىﻼرﻥىﯔﺑىﺮىﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺋﯚزﺋىﭽىﮕەﺋﺎﻝﻐﺎنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻣىﻠﻠىﺮىﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺑىﺰﭘەﻗەتﺷﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﺋﯚز-ﺋىﭽىﮕەﺋﺎﻝﻐﺎنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻣىﻠﻠىﺮىﻐﺎآﯚﭘﺮەكﻥەزەرداﺋىﺮىﻤىﺰﻥﻰﺋﺎﻏﺪۇرﺱﺎق،ﺋﺎﻥﺪىﻦﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺗەﺗﻘىﻘﺎﺗىﺪاﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﺱەۋىﻴىﻨﻰﻳﺎراﺗﻘىﻠﻰ،ﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﭘەﻝﻠىﮕەﻳەﺗﻜىﻠﻰﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇ.ﺋﯘﻥﺪاﻗﺘﺎ،ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺗەﺗﻘىﻘﺎﺗىﻐﺎﺗەﺱىﺮآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺪىﻐﺎنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻣىﻠﻠىﺮىﻗﺎﻳﺴىﻼر؟ﺋﯘﻻرﺗەرﺝىﻤىﮕەﻗﺎﻥﺪاقﺗەﺱىﺮﻝەرﻥﻰآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺪۇ؟دﯦﮕەﻥﺪەكﺑىﺮﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻣەﺱﻠىﻠەرﺋﯜﺱﺘىﺪەﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝىﻨىﯔ.ﺗﯚۋەﻥﺪىﻜﻰﻗىﺴىﻤﻠىﺮىﺪاﺗەﭘﺴىﻠىﻲﺗﻮﺧﺘىﻠىﭗﺋﯚﺗىﻤىﺰ12 ﺑﺎب.ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر،ﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺟىﻤىﺴىﮕەﺗەﺱىﺮآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺪىﻐﺎن-IIﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻣىﻠﻠىﺮىﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﺗىﻠىﻨىﯔ،ﺷﯘﻥﺪاﻗﻼﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨىﯔﺋەڭﻳﯜآﺴەكدەرىﺠىﺪەﻳىﻐىﻨﭽﺎﻗﻼﻥﻐﺎنۋەﺋﻮﺑﺮازﻻﺷﺘﯘرۇﻝﻐﺎنﺋىﭙﺎدىﺴﻰ.ﻣەﻳﻠﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺗەﺗﻘىﻘﺎﺗىﺪاﺑﻮﻝﺴﯘنﻳﺎآﻰﺋﺎدەﺗﺘىﻜﻰﺋەﺱەرﻝەرﺗەﺗﻘىﻘﺎﺗىﺪاﺑﻮﻝﺴﯘن،ﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺋﻮﺑﻴﯧﻜﺘىﻨﻰﺗﻮﻏﺮاچﯜﺷىﻨىﺶۋەﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺋﻮﺑﻴﯧﻜﺘىﻨىﯔﺋەﺱﻠﻰﻣەﻥﺒەﺱىﮕەﺗﻮﻏﺮا.ﻳﯧﺘەآﭽىﻠىﻚﻗىﻠىﺶﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺧىﺰﻣىﺘىﻨىﯔﺋەڭﻣﯘهىﻢﺗەﻝىﭙﻰۋەﺷەرﺗﻰهﯧﺴﺎﺑﻠىﻨىﺪۇﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﺪاﺑﺎﻳﺎنﻗىﻠىﭗﺋﯚﺗﻜىﻨىﻤىﺰدەك،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻣىﻠﻠىﺘﻰﺑىﻠەنﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣىﻠﻠىﺘىﻨىﯔﺗﯘرﻣﯘشﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻰ،ﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدىﺘﻰ،ﺋﯘﻻرﻳﺎﺷىﻐﺎنﺗەﺑىﺌﻲﺷەرت-ﺷﺎراﺋىﺖﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻘﻼرﻥىﯔﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰﺑﯘﺋىﻜﻜﻰﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺪىﻜﻰﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﭘەرﻗىﻨﻰآەﻝﺘﯜرۈپچىﻘﺎرﻏﺎنﺋەڭﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱﻠىﻖﺱەۋەﺑﻠەردۇر.ﺷﯘﯕﺎ،ﺑﯘﻳەردەﭘەﻗەتﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥىﯔﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺗەﺗﻘىﻘﺎﺗىﻐﺎﺋەڭﻣﯘهىﻢﺗەﺱىﺮآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺪىﻐﺎنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەت.ﺋﺎﻣىﻠﻠىﺮىﺋﯜﺱﺘىﺪەﺗﻮﺧﺘىﻠىﭗﺋﯚﺗىﻠىﺪۇﺗﺎرىﺨىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻨىﯔﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺟىﻤﺴىﮕە.1ﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎنﺗەﺱىﺮىﺗﺎرىﺨﻰﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﺗﺎرىﺨىﻲﺗەرەﻗﻘىﻴﺎتﺝەرﻳﺎﻥىﺪىﻜﻰﺋىﺠﺘىﻤﺎﺋىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﻣىﺮاﺱﻠىﺮىﻨىﯔچﯚآﻤەﺑﻮﻝﯘﺷىﺪىﻦﺷەآىﻠﻠەﻥﮕەنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻨىﯔﺋەڭﻣﯘهىﻢﺑىﺮﺑﯚﻝىﻜﻰهﯧﺴﺎﺑﻠىﻨىﺪۇ.ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﺗﺎرىﺨىﻲ13 ﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻨىﯔﮔﯚهىﺮى،ﺋﯘﻗﯘﻳﯘقﻣىﻠﻠىﻲۋەﺗﺎرىﺨﻲﺗﯜﺱﻜەﺋىﮕەﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺋﯚزىﮕەﻥﯘرﻏﯘﻥﻠىﻐﺎنﺗﺎرىﺨىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﯘچﯘرﻝىﺮىﻨﻰﺱىﯖﺪۈرﮔەن.ﺷﯘﯕﺎ،ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥﻰﺗﻮﻏﺮاﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯜچﯜنچﻮﻗﯘمﺋﯘﻥىﯖﺪىﻜﻰﻣﻮلﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎنﺗﺎرىﺨىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەت.ﻣەزﻣﯘﻥﻠىﺮىﻨﻰچﯜﺷىﻨىﺸﻜەۋەﺗەﺗﻘىﻖﻗىﻠﺸﻘﺎﻣﯘهﺘﺎجﺑﻮﻝىﻤىﺰ،ﺋەﻝﯟەﺗﺘەﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺧىﺰﻣىﺘﻰﺋەزەﻝﺪىﻦﺑىﺮﺝﺎﭘﺎﻝىﻖﺧىﺰﻣەتﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤىﭽىﻠىﻜﻰﺋﺎدەﺗﺘىﻜﻰﺋەﺱەرﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠﻐﺎﻥﻐﺎﻗﺎرىﻐﺎﻥﺪىﻤﯘﺗەرﺝىﻤﺎﻥﺪىﻦ.ﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﺗەرﺝىﻤﺎﻥﻠىﻖﺑىﻠىﻤﻰۋەﺗﺎرىﺨىﻲﺑىﻠىﻢﺗەﻝەپﻗىﻠىﺪىﻐﺎنﺋىﻠىﻢﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﺗىﻠىﺪىﻜﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥﻰﻳەﻥەﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﺗىﻠﺪاﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﭗ،ﺷﯘﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﮕەﺋﯧﻠىﭗآىﺮىﺶۋەﺷﯘﻣىﻠﻠەتﺧەﻝﻘىﻐەﺱﯘﻥﯘشﺗەرﺝىﻤﺎﻥﺪىﻦهەﻗﻘىﻘەﺗەنهەرﺗەرەﭘﻠىﻤەﺑىﻠىﻢ،ﺱەۋىﻴەﻥﻰﺗەﻝەپﻗىﻠىﺪۇ.چﻮﻗﯘمﺷﯘﺧىﻠﺪىﻜﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥىﯔﺗﺎرىﺨىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎرﻗﺎآﯚرۈﻥىﺸىﮕەﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﺋەهﻤىﻴەتﺑﯧﺮىﺶﺑىﺮﺗەرﺝىﻤﺎﻥﻨىﯔﺑﺎشﺗﺎرﺗىﭗﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﻳﺪىﻐﺎنﻣەﺱﺌﯘﻝىﻴىﺘﻰ.ﻣىﺴﺎلﺋﯜچﯜنﺑىﺰ:ﺗﯚۋەﻥﺪەﺑىﺮﻗﺎﻥﭽەﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥﻰﺱﯧﻠىﺸﺘﯘرۇپآﯚرۈپﺑﺎﻗﺎﻳﻠﻰ不知有汉，何论魏晋دﯦﮕەنﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝﺪىﻜﻰ”汉”ﺝﯘﯕﮕﻮﺗﺎرىﺨىﺪىﻜﻰﺋىﻜﻜىﻨﭽﻰﺧﺎﻥﻠىﻖﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎنﺧەنﺱﯘﻻﻝىﺴىﻨﻰآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺪۇ،آەﻳﻨىﺪىﻜﻰ”晋魏”ﺧەنﺱﯘﻻﻝىﺴىﺪىﻦآﯧﻴىﻨﻜﻰۋﯦﻲﺑىﻠەنﺝىﻦﺱﯘﻻﻝىﺴىﻨﻰآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺪۇ.ﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝﻨىﯔﺑﯘﻳەردەﺑىﺰﮔەﻳەﺗﻜﯜزۈپﺑﯧﺮىﯟاﺗﻘﺎنﻣەﻥىﺴﻰﺋىﻜﻜﻰﺧىﻞﺋﯘﻗﯘﻣﺪىﻜﻰﺱەۋەب-ﻥەﺗىﺠىﻠىﻚﻣﯘﻥﺎﺱىﯟەﺗﻨﻰﺑﺎﻳﺎنﻗىﻠىﭗ،ﺗﺎرىﺨﺘﺎﺋىﻠﮕىﺮىﺑﻮﻝﯘپﺋﯚﺗﻜەنﺋىﺸﻨﻰﺑىﻠﻤەيﺗﯘرۇپ،ﺋﯘﻥىﯖﺪىﻦآﯧﻴىﻨﻜىﺴىﻨﻰﺑﺎﻳﺎنﻗىﻠﻐىﻠﻰﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﻳﺪىﻐﺎﻥﻠىﻘىﺪىﻦﺋىﺒﺎرەتﺑىﺮهەﻗىﻘەﺗﻨﻰآﯚرﺱىﺘىﭗﺑەرﮔەن.ﺋﯘﻥىﯖﺪىﻦ:ﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎﻳەﻥە14 蜀中无大将，廖化作先锋ﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝﺪىﻜﻰ»化廖«ﺋﯜچﭘﺎدىﺸﺎهﻠىﻖدەۋرىﺪىﻜﻰﺋىﻘﺘىﺪارﻝىﻖﺱەرآەردىﻨىﯔﺑىﺮىﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺑﯘﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﺷﺎراﺋىﺘﺘﺎﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﺷەﺧﺴﻠەرﻥىﯔﻣﯘهىﻢرولﺋﻮﻳﻨﺎﻳﺪىﻐﺎﻥﻠىﻘىﻐﺎ.ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﻗىﻠىﻨﻐﺎن:ﺋﯘﻥىﯖﺪىﻦﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎﻳەﻥەﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺋىﭽىﺪىﻜﻰ.ﭘىﺮىﻐﺎﻗﺎراپﻣﯘرتﺑﻮﻻر،ﺱﺎﻗﺎﻝﻐﺎﻗﺎراپﺑﯘرۇت“有其师必有其徒”.ﺷەﻳﺦﻗﺎچﻘﺎنﺑىﻠەنﻣﺎزارﻗﺎچﻤﺎس逃得了谢赫，逃不了麻扎。.ﻳەﯕﮕىﻨﻰﺱﯘﻝﺘﺎن،ﻳﯧﯖىﻠﮕىﻨﻰﺋﯘﻝﺘﺎن“胜者王侯败者寇”دﯦﮕەنﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝﻼرﻏﺎﻗﺎراﻳﺪىﻐﺎنﺑﻮﻝﺴﺎق،ﺋﺎﻝﺪىﻨﻘىﺴىﺪاﺑىﻠﻠەآەﻝﮕەن»ﭘىﺮ«دﯦﮕەنﺱﯚزﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻥىﯔﺧﻮﺝىﻼردەۋرىﺪىﻜﻰﺱﻮﭘىﺰىﻢﺋﯧﻘىﻤىﻨىﯔرەهﺒىﺮىﻨىﯔﻥﺎﻣىﻨﻰآﯚرﺱەﺗﺴە،»ﺷەﻳﺦ«دﯦﮕەنﺱﯚزﻣﯘﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎﺷﻼﺱﻮﭘىﺰىﻢدەۋرىﺪەﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷىﺪاﻗﻮﻝﻠىﻨىﻠﻐﺎندىﻨﺪارآىﺸﻠەرﻥﻰﺱﯜﭘەﺗﻠەﻳﺪىﻐﺎنﺱﯚزﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺑﺎرا-ﺑﺎراﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷىﺪا.ﺱﻮﭘىﺰىﻢﺗەﺱىﺮىﻨىﯔﻳﯘﻗﯘﻝﯘﺷىﻐﺎﺋەﮔىﺸىﭗﺋىﺸﻠىﺘىﻠىﺸﺘىﻦﻗﺎﻝﻐﺎنآﯧﻴىﻨﻜىﺴىﺪىﻜﻰ»ﺱﯘﻝﺘﺎن«ﺱﯚزىﭘﺎدىﺸﺎهﻠىﻖﺋەﻣەلﻣەﻥﺴەپﻥﺎﻣىﻨﻰآﯚرﺱەﺗﺴە،ﺋﯘﻝﺘﺎن«دﯦﮕەنﺱﯚزىآﯚچﻤەﻣەﻥىﺪە»ﻥﺎﻣﺮات،آەﻣﺒەﻏەل«دﯦﮕەنﻣەﻥىﻨﻰﺑىﻠﺪۈرىﺪۇ.ﺑﯘ»ﺱﯚزﻝەرﮔەرچەﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺗىﻠىﻨىﯔﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱىﻲﻝﯘﻏەتﺗەرآىﺒىﺪىﻦچىﻘىﺮىﻠﻐﺎنﺑﻮﻝﺴىﻤﯘ،.ﻝﯧﻜىﻦﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەردەﻳەﻥىﻼﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎﺷﻼﺋىﺸﻠىﺘىﻠىﻨىﭗآەﻝﻤەآﺘەدﯦﻤەك،ﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﻘﻰﻣىﺴﺎﻝﻼردىﻦآﯚرۈﻥﯜپﺗﯘرۇﭘﺘﯘآﻰ،ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥىﯔﺋىﭽىﺪىﻜﻰﺑەزىﺱﯚزﻝەرﻥىﯔﺋەﭘﺴﺎﻥە-رىﯟاﻳەﺗﻠەردىﻦ،ﺗﺎرىﺨىﻲﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷﺘىﻦﺋﯧﻠىﻨىﭗ،ﻥﯘرﻏﯘﻥﻠىﻐﺎنﺗﺎرىﺨىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﯘچﯘرﻝىﺮىﻨﻰﺋﯚزىﺑىﻠەنﺑىﺮﮔەﺋﯧﻠىﭗ15 آﯧﻠىﺪىﻐﺎﻥﻠىﻘىﻨﻰچﯜﺷەﻥﺪۈرۈشﺑىﻠەنﺑىﺮﮔە،ﻳەﻥەﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﺋﯚزىﺪەﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰﻥﯘرﻏﯘنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﯘچﯘرﻝىﺮىﻨﻰﺋەﻳﻨەنﺱﺎﻗﻼپﻗﺎﻝﻐﺎﻥﻠىﻘﻰﺑىﻠەﻥﻤﯘﻗىﻤﻤەﺗﻠىﻜﺘﯘر.ﺷﯘﯕﺎ،ﺑﯘﺧىﻠﺪىﻜﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥﻰﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﺗىﻠىﺪىﻦﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﺗىﻠىﻐﺎ،ﺑىﺮﺧىﻞﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتداﺋىﺮىﺴىﺪىﻦﻳەﻥەﺑىﺮﺧىﻞﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتداﺋىﺮىﺴىﮕەﻳەﺗﻜﯜزۈپﺑﯧﺮىﺶﺋﯜچﯜنﺋﯘﻥىﯔهەﻗىﻘىﻲﺗﺎرىﺨىﻲچىﻨﻠىﻘىﻐﺎهﯚرﻣەتﻗىﻠىﭗ،ﻣەدەﻥىﻴەت.ﻗىﻤﻤىﺘىﻨﻰﺗﻮﻏﺮاﺗﻮﻥﯘپﻳﯧﺘىﭗ،دەلﺝﺎﻳىﺪاﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰزۆرۈردۇرﻣﺎآﺎنﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨىﯔﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺟىﻤىﺴىﮕەﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎنﺗەﺱىﺮى.2ﺑﯘﻳەردىﻜﻰﻣﺎآﺎنﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨىﯔآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺪىﻐىﻨﻰ-ﺷﯘﻣىﻠﻠەتﻳﺎﺷﺎۋاﺗﻘﺎنزﯦﻤىﻦ،ﺗەﺑﺌىﻲﺷﺎراﺋىﺖۋەﺝﯘﻏﺮاﭘىﻴىﻠىﻚﻣﯘهىﺖﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻘﻼردىﻦﺗەﺷﻜىﻞﺗﺎﭘﻘﺎنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتداﺋىﺮىﺴﻰﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺑﯘﺧىﻞﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻣىﻠﻠىﺮىﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەردەﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰﮔەۋدىﻠىﻚﺋﯘرۇنﺗﯘﺗﯘپآەﻝﮕەن.ﺑەﻝﮕىﻠىﻚﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتچﻮﻗﯘمﻣەﻝﯘمﺷﺎراﺋىﺖۋەﻣﯘهىﺖﺋىﭽىﺪەﻳﯧﺘىﻠىﭗ،ﺷﯘﻣﯘهىﺖﺋىﭽىﺪەﺗەرەﻗﻘﻰﺗﺎﭘىﺪۇ.هەرﻗﺎﻳﺴﻰﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەرﻣﯘهىﺘىﺪا.ﺑﺎرﻝىﻘﻘﺎآەﻝﮕەنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻣىﻠﻠىﺮىﻨىﯔﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرۈﻝﯜﺷىﻤﯘﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﻳﺪۇﺷﯘﻥﺪاﻗﻼﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتآىﺸىﻠىﺮىﻨىﯔﻳەﻥەﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﮕەﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎنﺗﻮﻥﯘﺷﻰ،چﯜﺷىﻨىﺸﻰۋەﺑىﻠىﺸىﻤﯘﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﻳﺪۇ.ﻣەﺱىﻠەن،ﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﺗﯘﭘﺮىﻘىﺪاﺑﺎرﻝىﻘﻘﺎآەﻝﮕەنﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەت،ﺷﯘﻣىﻠﻠەتآىﺸﻠىﺮىﺗەرىﭙىﺪىﻦﺋىﻨﺘﺎﻳىﻦﻗەدىﺮﻝەﺷﻜەۋەﺋەزىﺰﻝەﺷﻜەﺋﯧﺮىﺸﻜەنﺑﻮﻝﺴﺎ،ﺑەﻝﻜىﻢﺋﯘﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﮕەآىﺮﮔەﻥﺪىﻦآﯧﻴىﻦﺋىﻨﺘﺎﻳىﻦﺗﯚۋەنﺋﻮرۇﻥﻐﺎﻗﻮﻳﯘﻝﯘﺷﻰﻳﺎآﻰﺋﯧﺘىﺒﺎرﻏﺎﺋﯧﻠىﻨﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰﻣﯘﻣﻜىﻦ،ﻳﺎآﻰﺷﯘﻣىﻠﻠەتﺗىﻞﻣﯘهىﺘىﺪاﻗﻮﺑﯘلﻗىﻠىﻨىﺶۋەﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرۈﻝﯜشﺋەهﯟاﻝﻰ.ﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰﻣﯘﻣﻜىﻦ.ﻣﺎﻥﺎﺑﯘﻻرﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻨىﯔﺧﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰﻳﺎآﻰﺋﺎﻳﺮىﻤﻠىﻘىﺪۇر16 -ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺋﯘزاقدەۋرﻝەردىﻦﺑﯘﻳﺎندۆﻝىﺘىﻤىﺰﺑﻮﻳىﭽەﺑىﺮىﻨﭽﻰچﻮڭﻗﯘﻣﻠﯘقﺗەآﻠىﻤﺎآﺎنﻗﯘﻣﻠﯘﻗﻨىﯔﺋەﺗﺮاﭘىﺪىﻜﻰﺑﻮﺱﺘﺎﻥﻠىﻘﻼرداﻳﺎﺷﺎپآەﻝﺪى.ﺋﯘﻻرﺋﯘزاقﺋەﺱىﺮﻝەردىﻦﺑﯘﻳﺎنﻗﯘم-ﺑﻮرانﺑىﻠەنآﯜرەشﻗىﻠىﭗ،ﻗﯘﻣﻠﯘﻗﻼرﻥﻰﺑﻮﺱﺘﺎﻥﻠىﻘﻼرﻏﺎﺋﺎﻳﻼﻥﺪۇرۇپ،ﺋﯚزﻝىﺮىﺋﯜچﯜنﺑىﺮﮔﯜزەلﺗەﺑﺌىﻲﻳﺎﺷﺎشﻣﯘهىﺘﻰﺑەرﭘﺎﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯜچﯜنآﯜرەشﻗىﻠﺪى.ﻣﯘﺷﯘﻥﺪاقﺋﯘزاقﺋەﺱىﺮﻝىﻚآﯜرەشﺝەرﻳﺎﻥىﺪاﻗﯘﻣﻠﯘقﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرهﺎﻳﺎﺗىﻨىﯔﻣﯘهىﻢﺗەرآىﺒىﻲﻗىﺴﻤىﻐﺎﺋﺎﻳﻼﻥﺪى.ﺷﯘﯕﺎ،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺪەﻳﯧﺸىﻠﻠىﻘﻨﻰﻗەدىﺮﻝەش،ﺷﯘﻥﺪاﻗﻼﻗﯘﻣﻠﯘﻗﻘﺎﻥىﺴﺒەﺗەنﺑىﺮﺧىﻞﺋەﻥﺴىﺮەشﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠىﺮىﻣەﻝﯘمدەرىﺠىﺪەﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﻰ.ﺑىﺮاق،ﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣىﻠﻠىﺘﻰﻗەدىﻤﺪىﻦﺗﺎرﺗىﭙﻼﺗﺎغدەرﻳﺎﻝىﺮىﮔﯜزەل،ﺱﯘﻝىﺮىﻣﻮلﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎنچﺎﯕﺠىﻴﺎڭ،ﺧﯘاﯕﺨﯥدەرﻳﺎﺱﻰۋادىﻠىﺮىﺪاﻳﺎﺷﺎپآەﻝﮕەنﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎچﻘﺎﺋﯘﻻرﻥىﯔﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺪەﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱەنﻳﯧﺸىﻠﻠىﻖ،ﺑﻮﺱﺘﺎﻥﻠىﻖ،دەرﻳﺎ،آﯚﻝﻠەرﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرۈﻝﺪى.ﺑﯘﺋىﻜﻜﻰﻣىﻠﻠەتﻳﺎﺷﺎۋاﺗﻘﺎنﺝﯘﻏﺮاﭘىﻴﻠىﻚﺷەرت-ﺷﺎراﺋىﺘﻨىﯔﺋﻮﺧﺸىﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰﺗﯜﭘەﻳﻠىﺪىﻦ،ﺑﯘﺋىﻜﻜﻰﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺪەﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﻜەنﻣەزﻣﯘﻥﻼردىﻤﯘﻣﯘﺋەﻳﻴەنﭘەرﻗﻠەرﻣەۋﺝﯜتﺑﻮﻝﯘپآەﻝﺪى.ﺷﯘﯕﻼﺷﻘﺎ،ﺑﯘﺋىﻜﻜﻰﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﻨﻰﺑىﺮ-ﺑىﺮىﮕەﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠﻐﺎنۋاﻗﺘىﻤىﺰداچﻮﻗﯘمﺑﯘﺋىﻜﻜﻰﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻨىﯔﺋﯧﺘﻨىﻚﻣەﻥﺒەﺱﻰۋەﺝﯘﻏﺮاﭘىﻴﻠىﻚﺋﺎﻻهىﺪىﻠىﻜﻠىﺮىﺪىﻜﻰﭘەرﻗﻠەرﮔەﺋﺎﻻهىﺪە.ﺋەهﻤىﻴەتﺑﯧﺮىﺸىﻤىﺰزۆرۈردۇرﻣەﺱﻠەن:ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺪىﻜﻰ«.ﺱەۋىﺮﺑىﻠەنﻗﯘﻣﻼرﺑﻮﺱﺘﺎنﺑﻮﻝﯘر»“只要有毅力，沙漠也变成绿洲”«.ﺑﯜرآﯜتﺑﻮراﻥﺪىﻦﻗﻮرﻗﻤﺎس،ﺑﺎﺗﯘرﺋﯚﻝﯜﻣﺪىﻦ»“雄鹰不畏风暴，勇士不怕死亡”«.چىﻼﻥﻐﺎچﯚلﻳﺎﺧﺸﻰ،ﻳﺎﯕﺎﻗﻘﺎآﯚل»枣树宜种戈壁滩，核桃一种池塘边。17 ﺝىﮕﺪىﻨﻰچﯚﻝﮕەﺗىﻚ،ﺋەﻥﺠﯜرﻥﻰآﯚﻝﮕە،»«.ﺋﺎﻥﺎرﻥﻰچﯚﻝﮕەﺗىﻚ،ﺋەﻥﺠﯜرﻥﻰآﯚﻝﮕە“沙枣树要植在戈壁滩，无花果要植在潮地。石榴要植在沙滩，无花果要植在潮地。”«.ﺗﺎﻣﭽەﺱﯘداﺗﺎلآﯚآىﺮەر»“滴水能使柳树发芽。”«.ﺑىﺮﻥﻰآەﺱەڭﺋﻮﻥﻨﻰﺗىﻚ»“砍伐一棵树，应裁十棵树。”«.ﺑﯧﻐﻰﺑﺎرﻥىﯔﺗﯧﻐﻰﺑﺎر»“有果园者有金山。”دﯦﮕەﻥﺪەكﻥﯘرﻏﯘنﻣەزﻣﯘﻥﻼرﻗﯘم-ﺑﯘرانۋەﺋﯚﺱﯜﻣﻠﯜآﻠەرﺑىﻠەنﺑىﺮﻝەﺷﺘﯜرﻝﯜپﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرۈﻝﺴە،ﺧەﻥﺰۇﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠىﺮىﺪەﻥﯘرﻏﯘنﻥەرﺱىﻠەردﯦﯖىﺰۋەدوﻝﻘﯘنﺑىﻠەنﺑىﺮﻝەﺷﺘﯜرﻝﯜپﺑﺎﻳﺎنﻗىﻠىﻨىﺪۇ.ﻣەﺱﻠەن،ﺧەﻥﺰۇﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠىﺮىﺪىﻜﻰ海水不可斗量«.دﯦﯖىﺰﺱﯜﻳﻰدوﻝﻘﯘﻥﻠىﻤﺎيﻗﺎﻝﻤﺎﻳﺪۇ»后浪推前浪«.دوﻝﻘﯘندوﻝﻘﯘﻥﻨﻰﺋىﺘﺘىﺮەر»“无风不起浪”«.ﺷﺎﻣﺎلچىﻘﻤىﺴﺎدوﻝﻘﯘنآﯚﺗﯜرۈﻝﻤەس»دﯦﮕەﻥﺪەكﺋﺎﻝﺪىﻨﻘﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەردەﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر،ﺧەﻥﺰۇﺧەﻝﻘﻠىﺮىﻨىﯔﺗﯘرﻣﯘشآەچﯜرىﯟاﺗﻘﺎنزﯦﻤىﻨﻰۋەﺗەﺑﺌىﻲﺷەرت-ﺷﺎراﺋىﺘﻰﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰﺋﻮﺑﺮازﻝىﻖﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرۈﻝﮕەنﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻥىﯔﺑﻮﺱﺘﺎﻥﻠىﻖۋەﻗﯘﻣﻠﯘﻗﺪىﻦﺋىﺒﺎرەتﺋىﻜﻜﻰﺧىﻞﺋﯧﻜىﻠﻮﮔىﻴەهﺎدىﺴىﺴىﮕەﺗﯘﺗﻘﺎنﭘﻮزىﺘﺴىﻴىﺴﻰۋەآﯚز-ﻗﺎراﺷﻠىﺮىﺋﻮﺗﺘﯘرىﻐﺎﻗﯘﻳﯘﻝﻐﺎنﺑﻮﻝﺴﺎ،آﯧﻴىﻨﻜﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەردەﺧەﻥﺰۇﺧەﻝﻘىﻨىﯔﺗﯘرﻣﯘشآەچﯜرۋاﺗﻘﺎنزﯦﻤىﻨﻰﺑىﻠەن18 ﺑىﯟاﺱﺘەﻣﯘﻥﺎﺱىﯟەﺗﻠىﻚﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎنﻥەرﺱىﻠەرآﯜﻥﺪىﻠىﻚﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷﺘىﻜﻰﺋىﺠﺘىﻤﺎﺋىﻲهﺎﻝەﺗﻠەرﮔەﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﻗىﻠىﻨىﯟاﺗىﺪۇ.ﺷﯘﯕﻼﺷﻘﺎ،ﺑىﺰﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﺪاﺑﺎﻳﺎنﻗىﻠىﭗﺋﯚﺗﻜىﻨىﻤىﺰدەكﺋىﻜﻜﻰﻣىﻠﻠەتﻳﺎﺷىﻐﺎنﺝﯘﻏﺮاﭘىﻴىﻠىﻚﺷەرت-ﺷﺎراﺋىﺘﻨىﯔﺋﻮﺧﺸىﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰﺱەۋەﺑىﺪىﻦﻥﯘرﻏﯘﻥﻠىﻐﺎنهﺎدىﺴىﻨىﯔﺋىﻜﻜﻰﻣىﻠﻠەت.ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺪەﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرۈﻝىﺸىﻤﯘﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﻳﺪۇدﯦﻤەك،ﺗەﺑىﺌىﻲﺝﯘﻏﺮاﭘىﻴىﻠىﻚﺋﺎﻣىﻠﻼرﻥىﯔﺗەﺱىﺮآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺸﻰﺱەۋەﺑىﺪىﻦﺋىﻜﻜﻰﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺪەﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﻘىﺪەكﺑىﺮﻗىﺴىﻢﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎﺷﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻼر.آﯧﻠىﭗچىﻘﻘﺎن.ﻣﺎﻥﺎﺑﯘﻣﺎآﺎنﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨىﯔﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﮔەآﯚرﺱەﺗﻜەنﺗەﺱىﺮىﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨىﯔﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺟىﻤىﺴىﮕەﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎنﺗەﺱىﺮى.3ﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻨىﯔﺋﯘزاقدەۋرﻝەردىﻦﺑﯘﻳﺎنآﯜﻥﺪىﻠىﻚﺗﯘرﻣﯘشۋەآىﺸىﻠىﻚﻣﯘﻥﺎﺱىﯟەتﺝەرﻳﺎﻥىﺪاﺷەآىﻠﻠەﻥﮕەنﻗﺎﺋىﺪە-ﻳﻮﺱﯘﻥﻼرﻥىﯔﻳىﻐىﻨﺪىﺴىﺪۇر.ﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤىﻐﺎنﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەرﻥىﯔﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدىﺘىﺪەﺋﻮﺧﺸىﻤىﻐﺎنﺋﺎدەتﺗﯜﺱﻠىﺮىﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰآﯚپﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇ.هەرﻗﺎﻳﺴﻰﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەردىﻜﻰﺱﺎﻻﻣﻠىﺸىﺶ،ﺧﻮﺷﻠىﺸىﺶ،رەهﻤىﺘىﻨﻰﺑىﻠﺪۈرۈش،ﺧﻮﺷﺎﻝﻠىﻖۋەﻗﺎﻳﻐﯘ-ﺋەﻝەﻣﻠىﺮىﻨﻰﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠەشﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻖﺝەهەﺗﻠەردىﻜﻰﭘىﺴﺨىﻜىﻠىﻖﺋﺎدەﺗﻠەردىﻜﻰﭘەرﻗﻠەرﺑﻮﻝﺴﯘنﻳﺎآﻰﻳﯧﻤەك-ﺋىﭽﻤەك،آﯧﻴىﻢ-آﯧﭽەك،ﺗﻮي-ﺗﯚآﯜنﺋﺎدەﺗﻠىﺮىﺑﻮﻝﺴﯘن،هەﻣﻤىﺴىﺪىﻼﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰآﯚپﭘەرﻗﻠەرﻣەۋﺝﯜت.ﺋەڭﺋﺎددىﺴﻰﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣىﻠﻠىﺘىﺪىﻜﻰﺱﺎﻻﻣﻠىىﺸىﺶﺋﺎدىﺘىﺪە:ﺋىﺸﻠىﺘىﺪىﻐﺎنﺱﯚزﻝىﺮىﺪىﻦ“您吃过了吗？”，“你到哪儿去？”ﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻖﺝﯜﻣﻠىﻠەردىﻦﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﺑىﺮﻣەﻥەﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠەﻥﻤەﺱﺘىﻦ،ﭘەﻗەتﺑىﺮﺗىﻨﭻ-ﺋﺎﻣﺎﻥﻠىﻖ19 ﺱﻮراشﻣەﻗﺴىﺘىﻨىﻼﺑىﻠﺪۈرىﺪۇ.ﺑىﺮاق،ﺧەﻥﺰۇﻻرﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠىﮕەنﺑﯘﺱﺎﻻم-ﺱەهەتﺱﯚزﻝىﺮىﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺋىﺸﻠىﺘىﺪىﻐﺎنﺱﺎﻻم-ﺱەهەتﺱﯚزﻝىﺮىﺪىﻦﺗﯜﭘﺘىﻦﭘەرﻗﻠىﻖ«دﯦﻴىﺸﻜەﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇ.ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺑﻮﻝﺴﺎ»ﺋەﺱﺎﻻﻣﯘﺋەﻝەﻳﻜﯘم«)好你(،ﻳﺎآﻰﺑﻮﻝﻤىﺴﺎ»ﺗىﻨﭽﻠىﻘﻤﯘدﯦﮕەﻥﺪەكﺱﺎﻻم-ﺱەهەتﺱﯚزﻝىﺮىﺑىﻠەنﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠەﻳﺪۇ.ﺋﯘﻥىﯖﺪىﻦﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎﻳەﻥە،(你平安吗)ﺧەﻥﺰۇﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺪىﻜﻰ“清明难得晴，谷雨难得阴。”“有钱过年笑连连，无钱过年泪涟涟。”دﯦﮕەنﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﮔەﺑىﺮﻗﺎراﺷﺘىﻼﺑىﻠىﻨىﭗﺗﯘرىﺪۇآﻰ،ﺑﯘهەرﮔىﺰﻣﯘﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻣىﻠﻠىﺘىﻨىﯔﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻰﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﺱﺘىﻦ،ﺑەﻝﻜﻰﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣىﻠﻠىﺘىﻨىﯔﺋﯘزاقدەۋرﻝەردىﻦﺑﯘﻳﺎنداۋاﻣﻠىﺸىﭗآﯧﻠىﯟاﺗﻘﺎنچﻮآﺎﻥﺘﺎلﺑﺎﻳﺮىﻤﻰﺑىﻠەنﺑﺎهﺎرﺑﺎﻳﺮىﻤىﻨﻰﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرۈپﺑﯧﺮىﺪىﻐﺎنﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠىﺪۇر.ﺋﯘﻥىﯖﺪىﻦﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎﻳەﻥەﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺪىﻜﻰ«.آەﻣﺒەﻏەﻝﻠەرروزاﺗﯘﺗﺴﺎ،ﺑﺎﻳﻼرهﯧﻴﺖﺋﻮﻳﻨﺎﭘﺘﯘ»“穷人封斋，富人过节。”دﯦﮕەنﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻤﯘﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎﺷﻼﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻣىﻠﻠىﺘىﻨىﯔﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدىﺘﻰﺑىﻠەنﻣﯘﻥﺎﺱىﯟەﺗﻠىﻚﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﺪۇر.ﮔەرچە،ﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﺪەﺋىﺴﻼمدىﻨىﺪىﻜﻰﺑىﺮﺧىﻞﺋﺎدەﺗﻨﻰﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرﮔەﻥﺪەكﻗىﻠﺴىﻤﯘ،ﺋەﻣەﻝىﻴەﺗﺘەﺑﯘﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻨىﯔﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرﮔىﻨﻰﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷىﺪىﻜﻰﺋىﻜﻜﻰﺧىﻞآىﺸﻠەرﻥىﯔﺋﻮﺑﺮازىﻳەﻥﻰﺑﺎﻳﻼرﺑىﻠەنﻥﺎﻣﺮاﺗﻼرﺋﻮﺗﺘﯘرﺱىﺪىﻜﻰﭘەرقﺱﯧﻠىﺸﺘﯘرﻣﺎﻗىﻠىﻨﻐﺎن.ﺑﯘﻥىﯔﺑىﻠەنﺗەڭﻣﯘﺱﯘﻝﻤﺎﻥﻼرﻥىﯔروزا.ﺗﯘﺗﯘﺷﻰۋەهﯧﻴﺖﺋﯚﺗﻜﯜزۈﺷىﺪىﻦﺋىﺒﺎرەتﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدىﺘﻰﺑىﻠﻠەﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﻜەنﺧەﻥﺰۇﻻردىﻦﭘەرﻗﻠىﻖهﺎﻝﺪا،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرداﻳﺎﺷىﻐﺎنﺗەﺑىﺌﻲﻣﯘهىﺘىﻨىﯔﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰۋەﻗﻮﺑﯘلﻗىﻠﻐﺎنهەرﺧىﻞﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻠەرﻥىﯔﺗەﺱىﺮىﺪەﺝﺎﭘﺎ-ﻣﯘﺷەﻗﻘەﺗﻜەچىﺪاش،ﺋﯚز-ﺋﺎراﻳﺎردەمﺑﯧﺮىﺶ،دوﺱﺘﻠﯘﻗﻨﻰﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﺋﻮرۇﻥﻐﺎﻗﻮﻳﯘش،ﻗىﺰﻏىﻦ20 ﺋﻮچﯘق-ﻳﻮرۇق،ﺗﺎشﻣىﺠەزﺑﻮﻝﯘﺷﺘەكﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﻣىﺠەز-ﺧﺎرەآﺘﯧﺮﺋﺎﻻهىﺪىﻠىﻜﻠىﺮىﻤﯘ:ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەردەﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﻜەن.«ﺑىﺮآﯚرﮔەنﺗﻮﻥﯘش،ﺋىﻜﻜﻰآﯚرﮔەنﺗﯘﻏﻘﺎن»“一次见面是朋友，两次见面是亲戚。”.«ﻣﯧﻠىﯔﻣىﯖﻐﺎﻳەﺗﻜﯜچە،دوﺱﺘﯘڭﻣىﯖﻐﺎﻳەﺗﺴﯘن»“羊群多不如朋友多。”.«ﺋىﺸﭽﺎﻥﻨىﯔﻥﯧﻨﻰﺗﺎﺗﻠىﻖ،هﻮرۇﻥﻨىﯔﺝﯧﻨﻰ»“劳动人的囊香，兰多人的命苦。”.«ﺗﻮﺷﻘﺎﻥﺪەكﻳﯜزﻳىﻞﻳﺎﺷىﻐىﭽە،ﻳﻮﻝﯟاﺱﺘەكﺑىﺮﻳىﻞﻳﺎﺷﺎ»“与其像兔子活一百年，不如像老虎活一年。”.«ﺝﺎﻥﺪىﻦآەچﺴەڭآەچ،هەﻗﺘىﻦآەچﻤە»“宝剑砍下了你的头，也不要收回说出去的真理。”ﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﺑىﻠەنﺋﺎﻝﺪىﻨﻘﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥﻰﺱﯧﻠىﺸﺘﯘرۇپآﯚرىﺪىﻐﺎنﺑﻮﻝﺴﺎق،ﺑﯘﺋىﻜﻜﻰﻣىﻠﻠەتﭘىﺴﺨىﻜىﺴىﺪىﻜﻰﻥﯘرﻏﯘنﭘەرﻗﻠەرﻥﻰهﯧﺲ.ﻗىﻠىﭗﻳەﺗﻜىﻠﻰﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﻘﻰﺑﺎﻳﺎﻥﻼردىﻦﺷﯘﻥﺪاقﻳەآﯜنچىﻘىﺮىﺸﻘﺎﺑﻮﻝىﺪىﻜﻰ،هەرﻗﺎﻳﺴﻰﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەرﻥىﯔﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﺪەﭘەرقﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎچﻘﺎﺷﯘﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرﮔەنﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﺪىﻤﯘﻥﯘرﻏﯘﻥﻠىﻐﺎنﭘەرﻗﻠەرﻣەۋﺝﯜت.ﺷﯘﯕﺎ،ﺑىﺰﺑﯘﻥﺪاقﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥﻰﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠﻐﺎنۋاﻗﺘىﻤىﺰداﺋﯘﻥىﯖﺪىﻜﻰﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻻهىﺪىﻠىﻜﻠىﺮىﮕە.ﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەدىﻘﻘەتﻗىﻠىﺸىﻤىﺰﻻزىﻢ21 دىﻨىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻨىﯔﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺟىﻤىﺴىﮕەﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎنﺗەﺱىﺮى.4دىﻦﺋىﻨﺴﺎﻥىﻴەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨىﯔﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﺑىﺮﺧىﻞﺷەآﻠﻰ.دىﻦﺋىﻨﺴﺎﻥﻼرﻥىﯔﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتدەۋرىﮕەﻗەدەمﻗﻮﻳﯘﺷﻰﺑىﻠەنﺗەڭﻣەﻳﺪاﻥﻐﺎآەﻝﮕەنۋەﺗەرەﻗﻘىﻲﻗىﻠﻐﺎن.ﺷﯘﻥﺪاﻗﻼ،دىﻦﺋىﻨﺴﺎﻥىﻴەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﮕەﺋەڭچﻮڭﺗەﺱىﺮآﯚرﺱەﺗﻜەنﺑىﺮﺧىﻞﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺷەآﻠﻰﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺋﯘﺋىﻨﺴﺎﻥىﻴەﺗﻨىﯔﺋىﻘﺘىﺴﺎد،ﺱىﻴﺎﺱەت،ﺋىﻠىﻢ-ﭘەن،ﺋەدەﺑىﻴﺎت-ﺱەﻥﺌەت،ﭘەﻝﺴەﭘەۋەﭘىﺴﺨﻮﻝﻮﮔىﻴىﺴىﮕەﺗەﺱىﺮآﯚرﺱىﺘىﭙﻼﻗﺎﻝﻤﺎي،ﺋەڭﻣﯘهىﻤﻰﺗەﭘەآﻜﯘرﺋﺎﻝىﻤﻰﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎنﺋىﺪىﻴىﺴىﮕىﻤﯘﺋەڭزورﺗەﺱىﺮﻝەرﻥﻰآﯚرﺱەﺗﻜەن.ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرۋەﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣىﻠﻠىﺘىﻨىﯔﺗﺎرىﺨﺘىﻦﺑﯘﻳﺎنﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎدﻗىﻠﻐﺎندىﻨﻠىﺮىﺪاﻣﯘﺋەﻳﻴەندەرىﺠىﺪەﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎﺷﻠىﻘﻼرﺑﻮﻝﺴىﻤﯘ،ﻝﯧﻜىﻦﻳەﻥىﻼﺋﻮﺧﺸىﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻼرﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰآﯚپ.ﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣىﻠﻠىﺘىﻨىﯔﺋىﺪىﻴىﺴىﮕەآﯜچﻠﯜكﺗەﺱىﺮآﯚرﺱەﺗﻜەندىﻨﻼردىﻦﺑﯘددا)教佛(دىﻨﻰ،ﺗەرىﻘەﺗﭽىﻠىﻚ)教道(ۋەآﻮﯕﺰىﭽىﻠىﻖ)教儒(ﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻘﻼرﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱىﻲﺋﻮرۇﻥﻨﻰﺋىﮕەﻝﻠىﮕەنﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺑﯘﻻرﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣىﻠﻠىﺘىﻨىﯔﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﮕە،ﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدىﺘىﮕە،آىﺸﻠەرﻥىﯔﺗىﻠىﻐﺎۋەﺋىﺪىﻴىﺴىﮕەﻏﺎﻳەتزورﺗەﺱىﺮﻝەرﻥﻰآﯚرﺱەﺗﻜەن.ﺑﯘﺧىﻞدىﻨىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺧەﻥﺰۇﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺪەهەرﺧىﻞﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻼرداﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠەﻥﮕەن.ﻣەﺱﻠەن،ﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣىﻠﻠىﺘﻰ“哦，老天爷”ﺧﯘﺷﺎلﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎن،ﻗﺎﻳﻐﯘرﻏﺎن،ﺋﺎزاﺑﻼﻥﻐﺎن،ﺋﯜﻣىﺪﺱىﺰﻝەﻥﮕەنۋاﻗىﺘﻠىﺮىﺪادﯦﮕەﻥﺪەكﺱﯚزﻝەرﻥﻰﺋىﺸﻠىﺘىﺸﻰ،ۋەدە،ﻗەﺱەمﺑەرﮔەﻥﺪە”证作天老”دﯦﮕەنﺱﯚزﻥﻰﺋىﺸﻠىﺘىﺸﻰ،هەمﺷﯘﻥﺪاﻗﻼدۇﺋﺎ،ﺗىﻼۋەتﻗىﻠﻐﺎﻥﺪا”佛陀弥阿”دﯦﮕەﻥﺪەكﺱﯚزﻝەرﻥﻰﺋىﺸﻠىﺘىﺸﻰﺑىﻠەنﺑىﺮﮔەﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺪەﺋﯘﻻرﻥىﯔﺑﯘددادىﻨىﻐﺎﺋﺎﺋىﺖهەرﺧىﻞ:آﯚزﻗﺎراﺷﻠىﺮىﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠىﻨىﺪۇ.ﻣەﺱﻠەن“不见棺材不落泪。”«.ﺝەﺱەتﺱﺎﻥﺪۇﻗىﻨﻰآﯚرﻣىﮕىﭽەآﯚزىﺪىﻦﻳﺎشﺋﺎﻗﻤﺎس»“跑了和尚跑不了庙。”«.راهىﺐﻗﺎچﻘﺎنﺑىﻠەنﻣﺎزارﻗﺎچﻤﺎس»22 ﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﻘﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەردىﻦﺑىﺰﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣىﻠﻠىﺘىﻨىﯔﺑﯘددادىﻨىﻐﺎﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎد.ﻗىﻠﻐﺎندىﻨىﻲﭘىﺴﺨىﻜىﺴﻰۋەدىﻨىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨﻰآﯚرۈۋاﻻﻻﻳﻤىﺰﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻥىﯔدىﻨﻐﺎﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎدﻗىﻠىﺶدەۋرىۋەﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎدﻗىﻠﻐﺎندىﻨﻼرﻥىﯔﺱﺎﻥﻰﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣىﻠﻠىﺘىﻨىﯖﻜىﺪىﻦﺧﯧﻠﻰآﯚپ،ﺧﯧﻠﻰﺋﯘزۇن.ﺑﻮﻝﯘﭘﻤﯘ،ﻳﯧﻘىﻨﻘﻰ1000ﻳىﻠﻠىﻖﺗﺎرىﺨﺘﺎﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺋىﺴﻼمدىﻨىﻐﺎﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎدﻗىﻠﺪى،ﺋىﺴﻼمدىﻨﻰﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷىﺪاچﻮﯕﻘﯘرﻳىﻠﺘىﺰﺗﺎرﺗىﭗ،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻥىﯔﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷىﺪىﻜﻰآەمﺑﻮﻝﺴﺎﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﻳﺪىﻐﺎنﻣەﻥىﯟىﻳﯚﻝەﻥﭽﯜآىﮕەﺋﺎﻳﻼﻥﺪى.ﺋىﺴﻼمدىﻨﻰﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺋەﻥﺌەﻥىﯟىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨىﯔﺋەڭﻣﯘهىﻢﺗەرآىﺒىﻲﻗىﺴىﻤىﻐﺎﺋﺎﻳﻠىﻨىﺶﺑىﻠەنﺑىﺮﮔەﻳەﻥەآىﺸىﻠەرﻥىﯔﺋىﺪىﻴىﺴىﮕە،دۇﻥﻴﺎﻗﺎرىﺸىﻐﺎچﻮﯕﻘﯘرﺗەﺱىﺮﻝەرﻥﻰآﯚرﺱىﺘىﭗ،آىﺸىﻠەرﻥىﯔﻣﺎددىﻲ،ﻣەﻥىﯟىﻲﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷىﻨىﯔﺗەرەپ-ﺗەرەﭘﻠىﺮىﮕەچﻮﯕﻘﯘرﻳىﻠﺘىﺰﺗﺎرﺗﺘﻰ.ﺝﯜﻣﻠىﺪىﻦ،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻖ:ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺪىﻤﯘﺑەﻝﮕىﻠىﻚﺋﻮرۇنﺋﺎﻝﺪى.ﻣەﺱﻠەن«.ﺋﺎﻝﻼﺑەرﻣىﮕەﻥﻨﻰﻣﻮﻝﻼﺑﯧﺮەﻝﻤەس»安拉未曾给的毛拉不会给。«.ﺋﻮﺗﺘﯘزآﯜنروزىﻨىﯔﺑىﺮآﯜنهﯧﻴﺘﻰﺑﺎر»“封斋三十天，终有一日节。”«.ﺧﯘﭘﺘەﻥﺪىﻦﻗﯧﭽىﭗ،ﺗەرەۋىﮕەﺗﯘﺗﯘﻝﯘﭘﺘﯘ»“躲开了晨拜，赶上了宵拜。”«.ﺋﯧﺸەكﻣەآﻜىﮕەﺑﺎرﺱىﻤﯘﺑەرىﺒىﺮﺋﯧﺸەك»“驴就是去了麦加还是驴。”«.ﺗەﺱﯟىﺗﺎرﺗﻘﺎﻥﻨىﯔهەﻣﻤىﺴﻰﺋەۋﻝىﻴﺎﺋەﻣەس»“掐念珠的并不全是神仙。”ﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﻘﻰﺑىﺮﻗىﺴىﻢﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻘىﻨىﯔدىﻨىﻲﭘىﺴﺨىﻜىﺴﻰ،دىﻨىﻲﺋﯧﺘىﻘﺎدىﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻘﻼرﺑىﻠەنﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰزىﭻﻣﯘﻥﺎﺱىﯟەﺗﻠىﻚ23 ﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻣىﻠﻠىﺘىﻨىﯔﺋىﺴﻼمدىﻨﻰﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨﻰﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرﮔەن.ﺑىﺰﺑﯘﻥﺪاقدىﻨىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺱىﯖﮕەنﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥﻰﻣەﻳﻠﻰﺧەﻥﺰۇچىﺪىﻦﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرچىﻐﺎﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠﺸﺘﺎ،ﻳﺎآﻰﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرچىﺪىﻦﺧەﻥﺰۇچىﻐﺎﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺸﺘﺎﺑﻮﻝﺴﯘن،چﻮﻗﯘمﺋﯘﻻرﻥىﯔدىﻨىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﺘىﻜﻰﭘەرﻗﻠىﺮىﻨﻰﺗﻮﻏﺮا.چﯜﺷىﻨىﺸىﻤىﺰ،هەﻣﺪەﺗﻮﻏﺮاﺑىﺮﺗەرەپﻗىﻠىﺸىﻤىﺰآﯧﺮەك24 ﺋﯜچىﻨﭽﻰﺑﺎب.ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر،ﺧەﻥﺰۇﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﻨىﯔﺗەرﺟىﻤەﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻠىﺮىهەﻗﻘىﺪەﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥىﯔﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻰﻣەﻥەﺋﺎﻻهىﺪىﻠىﻜﻰﺑﻮﻳىﭽەﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶ.ۋەﻗﯘرۇﻝﻤﺎﺋﺎﻻهىﺪىﻠىﻜﻰﺑﻮﻳىﭽەﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺸﺘىﻦﺋىﺒﺎرەتﺋىﻜﻜﻰﺧىﻞﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇﻣەﻥەﺋﺎﻻهىﺪىﻠىﻜﻰﺑﻮﻳىﭽەﺗەرﺟىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻰ.1ﻣەﻥەﺋﺎﻻهىﺪىﻠىﻜﻰﺑﻮﻳىﭽەﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺸﺘىﻦﺋىﺒﺎرەتﺑﯘﺧىﻞﺋﯘﺱﯘلﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺴىﺪەﻣﯘهىﻢرولﺋﻮﻳﻨﺎﻳﺪۇ.ﻣەﻥەﺋﺎﻻهىﺪىﻠىﻜﻰﺑﻮﻳىﭽەﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝىﻨىﯔﺋﯚزﺋىﭽىﺪىﻦﻳەﻥەﺋﯘدۇل)ﺋەﻳﻨەن(ﺗەرﺝىﻤەۋەﻣەﻥەن.ﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺪىﻦﺋىﺒﺎرەتﺋىﻜﻜﻰﺧىﻞﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻰﺑﺎرﺋﯘدۇل)ﺋەﻳﻨەن(ﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﻨىﺪىﻐﺎنﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥىﯔﺋەﺱﻠﻰﺗىﻠﺪىﻜﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﺑىﻠەنﻣەزﻣﯘنۋەﺷەآىﻞﺝەهەﺗﺘىﻦﺑىﺮدەكﺑﻮﻝﯘﺷىﻨﻰﺗەﻝەپﻗىﻠىﺪىﻐﺎنﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻰ.آﻮﻥﻜﺮﯦﺖﺋﯧﻴﺘﻘﺎﻥﺪا،ﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﻨﻐﺎنﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﺱﯚزﺋىﺸﻠىﺘىﺶ،ﺝﯜﻣﻠەﻗﯘرۇﻝﻤىﺴﻰ،ﺱﯧﻠىﺸﺘﯘرۇشﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻰﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻖﺝەهەﺗﻠەردىﻦﺋەﺱﻠﻰﺗىﻠﺪىﻜﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺑىﻠەنﺑىﺮدەكﺑﻮﻝﯘﺷﻨﻰ،ﺝﯜﻣﻠىﺪىﻦهەمﻣەزﻣﯘنۋەهەمﻣەﻥە.ﺝەهەﺗﺘىﻦﺑىﺮدەكﺑﻮﻝﯘﺷﻨﻰآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺪۇﻣەﻥەنﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻰﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﻨﻐﺎنﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻣەزﻣﯘنﺝەهەﺗﺘىﻦﺑىﺮدەكﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎن،ﺋەﻣﻤﺎﺱﯚزﺋىﺸﻠىﺘىﺶ،ﺝﯜﻣﻠەﻗﯘرۇﻝﻤىﺴﻰ،ﺱﯧﻠىﺸﺘﯘرۇشﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻰﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻖﺝەهەﺗﻠەردەﺋەﺱﻠىﺪىﻜﻰﺑىﻠەنﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤىﻐﺎنهﺎﻝﺪاﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶ25 .ﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝىﻨﻰآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺪۇﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﺪاﺗىﻠﻐﺎﺋﯧﻠىﭗﺋﯚﺗﻜەﻥﺪەكﺋەﻳﻨەن)ﺋﯘدۇل(ﺗەرﺝىﻤەﭘەﻗەتﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥﻰﺑىﺮﺗىﻠﺪىﻦﻳەﻥەﺑىﺮﺗىﻠﻐﺎﻣەزﻣﯘن،ﺷەآىﻞﺝەهەﺗﺘىﻦهﯧﭽﻘﺎﻥﺪاقﺋﯚزﮔەرﺗىﺶ.آىﺮﮔﯜزﻣەﻳﻼﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝىﻨﻰآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺪۇهەرﻗﺎﻳﺴﻰﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەرﻥىﯔﻣەﻝﯘمﺷەﻳﺌىﻠەرﮔەﻗﺎرىﺘﺎﺗەﭘەآﻜﯘرﺷەآﻠﻰ،ﺗەﭘەآﻜﯘرﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝىﺪاﻣﯘﺋەﻳﻴەندەرىﺠىﺪەﭘەرقﺑﻮﻝﻐىﻨﺪەك،ﻳەﻥەﺑەزىﺷەﻳﺌﻰۋەﺋﻮﺑﯧﻜﺘﻘﺎﻗﺎرىﺘﺎﺗﯘﺗﻘﺎنﺗەﭘەآﻜﯘرﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻰ،ﺗەﭘەآﻜﯘرﺷەآﻠﻰ،هەرﺧىﻞﺋىﺠﺘىﻤﺎﺋىﻲﻣەﺱىﻠىﻠەرﮔەﺗﯘﺗﻘﺎنﭘﻮزىﺘﺴىﻴىﺴﻰﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱىﻲﺝەهەﺗﺘىﻦﺑىﺮدەكﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺋﯘﻻرﻥىﯔﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەردىﻜﻰﺱﯧﻠىﺸﺘﯘرۇشﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻠىﺮىﺪىﻤﯘﻳەﻥەﻥﯘرﻏﯘﻥﻠىﻐﺎنﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎﺷﻠىﻘﻼرﻣەۋﺝﯜت.ﺑىﺰﺑﯘﻥﺪاقﺋەهﯟالﺋﺎﺱﺘىﺪاﺑىﯟاﺱﺘەﺋﯘدۇل)ﺋەﻳﻨەن(ﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝىﻨﻰﻗﻮﻝﻼﻥﺴﺎق،ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥىﯔﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻣەﻥىﺴىﻤﯘﺋەﺱﻠىﺪىﻜﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻨىﯔﻣەﻥىﺴﻰۋەﺷەآﻠىﮕەﻳﯧﻘىﻦ،ﺑىﺮدەك:ﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇ.ﻣەﺱىﻠەن“看菜吃饭，量体裁衣。”«.ﺱەﻳﮕەﻗﺎراپﺗﺎﻣﺎقﺋىﭻ،ﺑﻮﻳﻐﺎﻗﺎراپآىﻴىﻢﭘىﭻ»“近朱者赤，近墨者黑。”«.ﻗﺎزاﻥﻐﺎﻳﯘﻝﯘﻗﺴﺎڭﻗﺎرىﺴﻰﻳﯘﻗﺎر،ﻳﺎﻣﺎﻥﻐﺎﻳﯘﻝﯘﻗﺴﺎڭﻳﺎرىﺴﻰ»«.ﺋﯘزۇنﻳىﻠﻠىﻖﻗﻮﺷﻨﺎﺗﯘﻏﻘﺎنﺑﻮﻝﯘر»“多年令居变成亲。”«.ﺑﯚﻝﯜﻥﮕەﻥﻨﻰﺑﯚرەﻳەر،ﺋﺎﻳﺮىﻠﻐﺎﻥﻨﻰﺋﯧﻴىﻖﻳەر»“离群的被狼吃，离散的被熊咬。”«.ﻳەرهەﻳﺪىﺴەڭآﯜزهەﻳﺪە،آﯜزهەﻳﺪىﻤىﺴەڭﻳﯜزهەﻳﺪە»“种地要在秋天耕，秋天不耕要百耕。”ﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﻘىﺪەكﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەردىﻜﻰﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﻣەزﻣﯘﻥﻠىﺮىﺪاﺋىﻜﻜﻰﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻨىﯔ26 ﺗﻮﻥﯘﺷﻰﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎش.ﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەردەﺧﺎسﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋەﻥﺪىﺰىﺴىﮕەﺋﺎﺋىﺖﺱﯚز-ﺝﯜﻣﻠىﻠەرﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰﺋﺎزﻳﺎآﻰﻳﻮقدىﻴىﺸﻜىﻤﯘﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇ.ﺷﯘﻥﺪاﻗﻼﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرچﻮﯕﻘﯘرﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎرﻗﺎآﯚرۈﻥﯜﺷىﮕىﻤﯘﺋىﮕەﺋەﻣەس.ﺑﯘﻥﺪاقﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥﻰﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠﻐﺎنۋاﻗﺘىﻤىﺰداﺋﯘدۇل)ﺋەﻳﻨەن(ﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝىﻨﻰ.ﻗﻮﻝﻼﻥﺴﺎقهﯧﭽﻘﺎﻥﺪاقچەآﻠىﻤىﻠەرﮔەﺋﯘچﺮىﻤﺎﻳﻤىﺰﻝﯧﻜىﻦ،ﻳەﻥەﺑىﺮﻗىﺴىﻢﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥﻰﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠﻐﺎنۋاﻗﺘىﻤىﺰداﺋەﻳﻨەنﺋﯘدۇل(ﺗەرﺝىﻤىﻨﻰﻗﻮﻝﻼﻥﺴﺎق،ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻨىﯔﺋەﺱﻠﻰﻣەﻥىﺴﻰﺑىﻠەن)ﺑىﺮدەآﻠىﺸەﻝﻤەﻳﻤىﺰ،هەمﻣﯘۋاﭘىﻖ،ﺋﯧﻨىﻖﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﭗآﯧﺘەﻝﻤەﻳﻤىﺰ.ﺷﯘﯕﺎ،ﺑىﺰﺑﯘﻥﺪاقﺋەهﯟالﺋﺎﺱﺘىﺪاﺷﯘﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺪەﺋەزەﻝﺪىﻦﺑﺎرﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎنﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥﻰﺋىﺸﻠىﺘىﺶﻳﺎآﻰﺑﻮﻝﻤىﺴﺎﺷﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرۈىﮕەنﻣەﻥﺴىﮕەﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱەنﻣەﻥەنﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝىﻨﻰﻗﻮﻝﻼﻥﺴﺎﻗﻤﯘﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇ.ﺑﯘﻥﺪاقﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎﻥﺪاﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەردىﻜﻰﺑەزىﺒىﺮﻣﯘررەآﻜەپﺱﯚز-ﺝﯜﻣﻠەﻳﺎآﻰﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻣىﻠﻠىﺮىﻨﻰ:ﺗﻮﻏﺮاﺑىﺮﺗەرەپﻗىﻼﻝىﺸىﻤىﺰﻏﺎآﺎﭘﺎﻝەﺗﻠىﻚﻗىﻠﻐىﻠﻰﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇ.ﻣەﺱىﻠەن«.ﺱﯜتﺑىﻠەنآىﺮﮔەنﺧﯘيﺝﺎنﺑىﻠەنچىﻘىﺪۇ»“狗改不了吃屎，狼改不了吃人。”«.ﺑەزﻳﯧﻤەﻳﺪىﻐﺎنﻣﯜﺷﯜكﻳﻮق»“没有不上钩的鱼。”«.ﻳﺎﻣﺎنآﯜﻥﻨىﯔﻳﺎﺧﺸىﺴﻰﺑﺎر،ﻳﺎﺧﺸﻰآﯜﻥﻨىﯔﻳﺎﻣىﻨﻰ»“月无常圆，花无常开。”«.ﺗەﻳﻴﺎرﺋﺎﺷﻘﺎﺋﯧﻐىﺰآﯚپ»“有了现成饭，人人都来蹭。”«.ﺱﺎﻗﺎﻝﺪىﻜﻰﺋﺎﺷﻘﺎﻗﻮرﺱﺎقﺗﻮﻳﻤﺎﻳﺪۇ»“露水不能解渴。”27 ﻣﺎﻥﺎﻣﯘﺷﯘﻥىﯖﺪەكﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﺋﯘﺱﻠﻮبۋەﺧﯘﺱﯘﺱىﻴەتﺝەهەﺗﺘىﻦﺋﯚزﮔىﭽەﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎن،ﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﺗىﻠىﺪاﺋەﻳﻨەنﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠەﺷﻜەﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘنآەﻝﻤىﺴە،ﺋەﺱﻠﻰﻣەﻥەۋەﺋﯘﻗﯘﻣﻨﻰﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠەپﺑﯧﺮىﺶﺷەرﺗﻰﺋﺎﺱﺘىﺪا،ﺋﻮﺑﺮازﺋﻮﺧﺸىﻤﺎﻳﺪىﻐﺎن،ﺋەﻣﻤﺎﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﻳﺎآﻰﻳﯧﻘىﻦﻣەﻥە.ﺑﯧﺮىﺪىﻐﺎنﺗەﻳﻴﺎرﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﺑىﻠەنﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠﺴﺎقﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇﻗﯘرۇﻝﻤﺎﺋﺎﻻهىﺪىﻠىﻜىﮕەﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱەنﺗەرﺟىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻰ.2ﻗﯘرۇﻝﻤﺎﺋﺎﻻهىﺪىﻠىﻜىﮕەﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱەنﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺸﻨىﯔﺋﯚزﺋىﭽىﺪىﻦﻳەﻥەﺗﺎراﻳﺘىﭗﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶ،آﯧﯖەﻳﺘىﭗﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶۋەﺋﺎهﺎﯕﺪارﻝىﻖﻗﺎﻥﯘﻥىﻴىﺘﻰ.ﺑﻮﻳىﭽەﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻖﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻠىﺮىﺑﺎرﺗﺎراﻳﺘىﭗﺗەرﺟىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻰ2.1ﺑەزىﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥىﯔﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرﮔەنﻣەزﻣﯘﻥﻰآەڭ،ﺱﯚز-ﺝﯜﻣﻠىﻠىﺮىﻣﯘررەآﻜەپﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺑﯘﻥﺪاقﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥﻰﻣەﻳﻠﻰﺧەﻥﺰۇچىﺪىﻦ،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرچىﻐﺎﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺑﻮﻝﺴﯘن،ﻳﺎآﻰﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرچىﺪىﻦﺧەﻥﺰۇچىﻐﺎﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺸﺘﺎﺑﻮﻝﺴﯘن،ﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺗىﻠىﻨىﯔﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠەشﻗﺎﺋىﺪىﺴىﮕەﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘن،راۋان،چﯜﺷىﻨىﺸﻠىﻚهﺎﻝﺪاﺑەزىﺒىﺮ.ﺋﺎددىﻲﺱﯚز-ﺝﯜﻣﻠىﻠەرﺑىﻠەنﺗﺎراﻳﺘىﭗ)ﻗىﺴﻘﺎرﺗىﭗ(ﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺸﻘﺎﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇ:ﻣەﺱىﻠەن“做贼人心惊，偷食人嘴腥。”«.ﺋﻮﻏﺮىﻨىﯔﻳﯜرىﻜﻰﭘﻮك-ﭘﻮك»“鱼网遮不住太阳，谎言善不真理。”«.ﻗﯘﻳﺎﺷﻨﻰﺋﯧﺘەكﺑىﻠەنﺗﻮﺱﻘىﻠﻰﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎس»28 “远来和尚好念经。”«.ﻳىﺮاﻗﺘىﻜﻰﻣﻮﻝﻼمدەهﻤﻮﻝﻼم،ﻳﯧﻘىﻨﺪىﻜﻰﻣﻮﻝﻼمﺝﺎﻣﻮﻝﻼم»آﯧﯖەﻳﺘىﭗﺗەرﺟىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻰ2.2ﺑەزىﺒىﺮﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﮔەرچەﻗﯘرۇﻝﻤﺎﺝەهەﺗﺘىﻦﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰﺋﺎددىﻲ،ﺋىﺨﭽﺎم،ﺱﯚز-ﺝﯜﻣﻠىﻠىﺮىﺋﺎزﺑﻮﻝﺴىﻤﯘ،ﻝﯧﻜىﻦﺋﯘﺋﯚزﺋىﭽىﮕەﺋﺎﻝﻐﺎنﻣەزﻣﯘنﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰآەڭ.ﺑﯘﻥﺪاقﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥﻰﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠﻐﺎنۋاﻗﺘىﻤىﺰداﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣىﻠﻠىﺘىﻨىﯔﺗىﻞﺋﺎدىﺘىﮕەﺗﻮﻏﺮاآەﻝﻤەﻳﺪىﻐﺎن،ﻳﺎآﻰﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺗىﻠﺪىﻜﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴﻠﻠەرﮔەﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺋﺎددىﻲﺝﯜﻣﻠەﺷەآﻠىﺪەﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠىﮕىﻠﻰﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﻳﺪىﻐﺎنﺋەهﯟالﺋﺎﺱﺘىﺪاﺑىﺰ:آﯧﯖەﻳﺘىﭗﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻠىﻨﻰﻗﻮﻝﻼﻥﺴﺎقﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇ.ﻣەﺱﻠەن«.ﺗﺎۋارداﺱﺘىﺨﺎن،ﻗﯘرۇقﺋﯘﺱﺘىﺨﺎن»“铺的是缎子的餐布，放的是没肉的骨头。”{.ﺋﯚﻣﯜرچەآﻠىﻚ،ﺑىﻠىﻢچەآﺴىﺰ»“做到老，学到老，还有三分没学好。”«.ﺝﺎﭘﺎچەآﻤەيهﺎﻻۋەتﻳﻮق»“不顶千里浪，哪来万斤鱼。”«.ﭘﺎﻝﺘىﻨىﯔﺱﯧﭙىﻐﺎﻣﻮزايﺗﯧﺰەآﻠەپﻗﻮﻳﯘﭘﺘﯘ»“邻居来借斧头用一用，主人说斧把上沾了牛犊粪。”دﯦﻤەك،ﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﻘﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺗىﻠىﺪاﺋﺎددىﻲﺝﯜﻣﻠىﺪىﻦﺗﯜزۈﻝﮕەن،ﺑىﺮاقﺧەﻥﺰۇﺗىﻠىﺪىﻜﻰﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺷەآﻠﻰﻗﻮﺷﻤﺎﺝﯜﻣﻠىﺪىﻦﺗﯜزۈﻝﮕەن.ﺑﯘهەرﮔىﺰﻣﯘﺧەﻥﺰۇﺗىﻠﻨىﯔراۋانﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰﻳﺎآﻰﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠەشآﯜچىﻨىﯔﺋﺎﺝىﺰﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎﻥﻠىﻘىﺪىﻦﺋەﻣەس،ﺑەﻝﻜﻰﺧەﻥﺰۇﺗىﻠىﻨىﯔﺗىﻞﺋﺎدىﺘىﮕە،ﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣىﻠﻠىﺘىﻨىﯔﻣىﻠﻠىﻲ.ﭘىﺴﺨىﻜىﺴىﻐﺎﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘنآەﻝﻤەﺱﻠىﻜىﺪىﻦآﯧﻠىﭗچىﻘﻘﺎن29 ﺋﺎهﺎﯕﺪارﻝىﻖﻗﺎﻥﯘﻥىﻴىﺘﻰﺑﻮﻳىﭽەﺗەرﺟىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻰ2.3ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺧەﻝﻖﻗﻮﺷﺎﻗﻠىﺮىﻐﺎﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎﺷﻼﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰﻳﯘﻗىﺮىدەرىﺠىﺪىﻜﻰﺋﺎهﺎﯕﺪارﻝىﻖۋەرﯦﺘىﻤﺪارﻝىﻘﻘﺎﺋىﮕە.ﺑىﺰﺑﯘﻥﺪاقﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥﻰﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠﻐﺎنۋاﻗﺘىﻤىﺰداﺋﯘﻥىﯔﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتۋەﻣەﻥەﻗﺎﺗﻠىﻤىﻐﺎﺗەﺱىﺮآﯚرﺱەﺗﻤىﮕەن:ﺋەهﯟالﺋﺎﺱﺘىﺪاﺋﺎهﺎﯕﺪارﻝىﻘىﻨﻰﺱﺎﻗﻠىﻐﺎنﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱﺘﺎﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠﺴﺎقﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇ.ﻣەﺱﻠەن«.ﺷﺎﺗىﺮاقﻻيﺱﯘۋاقﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎس،هﯚلﻳﺎﻏﺎچﺗﯘۋاقﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎس»“烂泥糊不上墙，朽木当不了梁。”ﺋﺎدەمﺑﺎﻝﺴﻰﺑﺎﻗﺴﺎڭ،ﺋﯧﻐىﺰ-ﺑﯘرﻥﯘﯕﻨﻰﻗﺎنﺋﯧﺘەر،»«.هﺎﻳﯟانﺑﺎﻝﺴﻰﺑﺎﻗﺴﺎڭ،ﺋﯧﻐىﺰ-ﺑﯘرﻥﯘﯕﻨﻰﻳﺎغﺋﯧﺘەر“抚养人子，打得你头破血流，饲养畜子，吃的你满嘴流油。”».ﺗەرﺗﯜآﯜپچﺎچﺴﺎڭﺋﯘرۇق،ﻳەرﺱﯧﻨﻰﻗﻮﻳﻤﺎسﻗﯘرۇق»“汗流浃背播下种子，土地不会让你饿肚子。”ﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﺪاﺑىﺰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠەرﻥﻰﺋﯚز-ﺋﺎراﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻠىﺮىﺪىﻦﻣەﻥەﺋﺎﻻهىﺪىﻠىﻜىﮕەﻗﺎراپﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻰﺑىﻠەنﻗﯘرۇﻝﻤﺎﺋﺎﻻهىﺪىﻠىﻜىﮕەﻗﺎراپﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺸﺘىﻦﺋىﺒﺎرەتﺋىﻜﻜﻰﺧىﻞﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻨﻰﺗﯘﻥﯘﺷﺘﯘرۇپﺋﯚﺗﺘﯘق،ﺋﯘﻥىﯖﺪىﻦﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎﻳەﻥەﺑﯘﻻرﻏﺎﻳﺎﻥﺪىﺸىﭗآﯧﻠىﺪىﻐﺎن،ﺋﺎدەﺗﺘەﺋﺎﻥﭽەآﯚپﻗﻮﻝﻠىﻨىﻠﻤﺎﻳﺪىﻐﺎنﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻼردىﻦﻗﺎرﺷﻰﻣەﻥىﺴﻰﺑﻮﻳىﭽەﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻰ،ﺗەﺱﯟىﺮىﺗەرﺝىﻤە.ﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻰﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻘﻼرﻣﯘﺑﺎر.ﺑﯘﻳەردەﺑﯘﺧىﻞﺋﯘﺱﯘﻝﻼرهەﻗﻘىﺪەﺗﻮﺧﺘﺎﻝﻤﺎﻳﻤىﺰ30 ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر،ﺧەﻥﺰۇﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺗەرﺟىﻤىﺴىﺪىﻜﻰﺑەزىﺒىﺮﺧﺎﺗﺎ.3ﺗەرﺟىﻤىﻠەرۋەﺋﺎﻻﻗىﺪارﻣىﺴﺎﻝﻼرﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺗەﺗﻘىﻘﺎتﺋىﺸﻠىﺮىﺪاﺋﯘزۇنﻳىﻠﻼردىﻦﺑﯘﻳﺎنﻥﯘرﻏﯘﻥﻠىﻐﺎنﺗەرﺝىﻤﺎنۋەﺗەﺗﻘىﻘﺎﺗﭽىﻼرﺋﯚزﻝىﺮىﻨىﯔﻗﺎن-ﺗەرﻣﯧﻬﻨىﺘىﻨﻰﺱﯧﯖﺪۈرۈپﺋﺎزﺑﻮﻝﻤىﻐﺎنﺧىﺰﻣەﺗﻠەرﻥﻰﺋىﺸﻠىﺪىۋەﻣﻮلﻥەﺗىﺠىﻠەرﮔەﺋﯧﺮىﺸﺘﻰ.ﺑىﺮاقﺑﯘﻥەﺗىﺠىﻠەرﻥىﯔآەﻳﻨىﺪەﻳەﻥەﺋﺎزﺑﻮﻝﻤىﻐﺎنﺧﺎﺗﺎﻝىﻖۋەﺱەۋەﻥﻠىﻜﻠەرﻣﯘﻣەۋﺝﯜتﺑﻮﻝﯘپآەﻝﺪى.ﺷﯘﯕﻼﺷﻘﺎ،.ﺑىﺰﺑﯘﻳەردەﺋﯘﺷﺒﯘﺧﺎﺗﺎﻝىﻘﻼرﻥﻰۋەﻣىﺴﺎﻝﻼرﻥﻰﺋﻮﺗﺘﯘرىﻐﺎﻗﻮﻳﯘﺷﻨﻰﻻﻳىﻖﺗﺎﭘﺘﯘقﻝﻮﮔىﻜىﻠىﻖزىﺘﻠىﻖۋەﻣﺎﺱﻼﺷﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻖ3.1ﺋەﺱﻠﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﺪەﺋىﺸﻠىﺘىﻠﮕەنﺱﯚزﺑىﻠەنﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺪەﺋىﺸﻠىﺘىﻠﮕەن.ﺱﯚز-ﺝﯜﻣﻠىﻠەرﻥىﯔﻣﺎﺱﻼﺷﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰ،ﺋﯚز-ﺋﺎرازىﺖﺑﻮﻝﯘپﻗﯧﻠىﺸﻰﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻘﻼر:ﻣەﺱىﻠەن«.ﺋﺎﺗﺎآەﺱﭙﻰﺑﺎﻝىﻐﺎﻣىﺮاس»“父亲的职业就是孩子的遗产。”ﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝﺪاﺋىﺸﻠىﺘىﻠﮕەن»业职«ﺱﯚزى»产遗«دﯦﮕەنﺱﯚزﺑىﻠەنﺑﺎﻏﻠىﻨىﭗآەﻝﮕەن،ﺑﯘدەلﻝﻮﮔىﻜىﺪىﻜﻰزىﺘﻠىﻘﻨﻰآەﻝﺘﯜرۈپچىﻘﺎرﻏﺎن.ﺋەﻣەﻝىﻴەﺗﺘەﺑﯘﺋىﻜﻜﻰﺱﯚزدەهﯧﭽﻘﺎﻥﺪاقﺑﺎﻏﻠىﻨىﺸﻠىﻖﻣﯘﻥﺎﺱىﯟەتﻳﻮقﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺋﯘﻗﯘمﺝەهەﺗﺘىﻦﻣﺎﺱﻼﺷﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻨﻰآەﻝﺘﯜرۈپچىﻘﺎرﻏﺎن.ﺑىﺰچەﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎﻥﺪا“父亲的手艺就是留下孩子的遗产。”.دەپﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﻨﻐﺎنﺑﻮﻝﺴﺎﺑىﺮﻗەدەرﺋەﻗىﻠﮕەﻣﯘۋاﭘىﻖﺑﻮﻻﺗﺘﻰ:ﺋﯘﻥىﯖﺪىﻦﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎ31 «.ﺱﯚزﻗﻮﻏﻠىﻐﺎنﺑﺎﻻﻏﺎﻳﻮﻝىﻘﺎر،ﻳﻮلﻗﻮﻏﻠىﻐﺎنﻏەزىﻨىﮕە»“抢着说话的遇上了灾难，抢着走路的遇上了金宝。”ﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝﺪىﻤﯘﻳەﻥەﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎﺷﻼﺋﺎﻝﺪى-آەﻳﻨﻰﺋىﻜﻜﻰﺝﯜﻣﻠىﺪەهﯧﭽﻘﺎﻥﺪاقﻝﻮﮔىﻜىﻠىﻖﺑﺎﻏﻠىﻨىﺶﻣەۋﺝﯜتﺑﻮﻝﻤىﻐﺎن.ﺷﯘﯕﻼﺷﻘﺎﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝﻨﻰﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠﻐﺎنۋاﻗﺘىﻤىﺰدا،ﺋﺎﻝﺪى-آەﻳﻨىﺪىﻜﻰﺋىﻜﻜﻰﺝﯜﻣﻠىﻨىﯔﻝﻮﮔىﻜىﻠىﻖﻣﺎﺱﻠىﻘىﻐﺎﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﺋەهﻤىﻴەتﺑﯧﺮىﺶﺑىﻠەنﺑىﺮﮔە،ﻳەﻥەﺋﯘﻥىﯔﻝﻮﮔىﻜىﻠىﻖﺑﺎﻏﻠىﻨىﺸىﻐىﻤﯘﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﺋەهﻤىﻴەتﺑﯧﺮىﺸىﻤىﺰ:زۆرۈردۇر.ﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝﻨىﯔﺗﻮﻏﺮاﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺴﻰ“多嘴多舌会倒霉，腿勤脚快的会遇宝。”ﺗەرﺟىﻤەﻣەﻥىﺴىﺪىﻜﻰزىﺘﻠىﻖ3.2«.آﯚﯕﯜلآﯚﯕﯜﻝﺪىﻦﺱﯘﺋىﭽەر»“一颗心从另一颗心中能喝到水。”:ﺗﻮﻏﺮﺱﻰ“一颗心能滋润另一颗心。”«.آﯚزﻗﻮرﻗﺎق،ﻗﻮلﺑﺎﺗﯘر»“眼是胆小鬼，手是英雄汉。”:ﺗﻮﻏﺮﺱﻰ“眼睛要仔细看，动手要大胆干。”ﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﻘﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەردەﺋەﺱﻠﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻨىﯔﻣەﻥىﺴىﻨﻰﺑەرﻣەي،هەﺗﺘﺎﺋﯘﻗﯘرﻣەﻥﻠەرﻥﻰﺑﺎﺷﻘىﭽەﺋﻮيۋەﺗﯘﻳﻐﯘﻏﺎﺑﺎﺷﻼپﻗﻮﻳىﺪىﻐﺎن،ﺋەﺱﻠىﺪىﻜﻰﻣەﻥەﺑىﻠەن.ﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻣەﻥىﺴﻰﺑىﺮدەكﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﺘەكﺧﺎﺗﺎﻝىﻘﻼرﻏﺎﻳﻮلﻗﻮﻳﯘﻝﻐﺎن32 ﮔﺮاﻣﻤﺎﺗىﻜىﻠىﻖﺧﺎﺗﺎﻝىﻖۋەﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠەﺷﺘىﻜﻰﺋﯧﻨىﻘﺴىﺰﻝىﻖ3.3.ﺗﻮﺷﻘﺎﻥﻨﻰﻗﯘﻣﯘشﺋﯚﻝﺘﯜرەر،ﺋﺎدەﻣﻨﻰﻥﯘﻣﯘس“芦苇戳死兔子，羞耻杀害人。”:ﺗﻮﻏﺮﺱﻰ“芦苇能戳死兔子，耻辱能羞死人。”«.چىﺮاﻳﻐﺎچﺎيﻗﯘﻳﯘپﺋىﭽﻜىﻠﻰﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎس»“茶不能到在漂亮的脸蛋上喝。”:ﺗﻮﻏﺮىﺴﻰ“长相虽然好，不能当茶喝。”».ﺑﯘﻏﺪايﻥﯧﻨىﯔﺑﻮﻝﻤىﺴﺎ،ﺑﯘﻏﺪايﺱﯚزۈڭﻳﻮﻗﻤىﺪى»“没有白面囊，也该有句体面话。”:ﺗﻮﻏﺮىﺴﻰ“待客没有麦面囊，也该说句客气话。”ﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﻘﻰﺗەرﺝىﻤﻠەردەﻥﯘرﻏﯘﻥﻠىﻐﺎنﺧﺎﺗﺎﻝىﻘﻼرﺱﺎﻗﻼﻥﻐﺎنﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻰﺑىﺮىﻨﭽﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝﺪاﺝﯜﻣﻠىﻨىﯔﺋىﮕە،ﺧەۋەرﻥىﯔﺋﻮرﻥﻰﺋﺎﻝﻤﺎﺷﺘﯘرۋﯦﺘىﻠىﻨىﭗ،ﺧەﻥﺰۇﺗىﻠىﻨىﯔﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠەشﻗﺎﺋىﺪىﺴىﮕەﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘنﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘﺘەكﮔىﺮاﻣﻤﺎﺗىﻜىﻠىﻖﺧﺎﺗﺎﻝىﻘﻼرﻏﺎﻳﻮلﻗﻮﻳﻐﺎن.ﺋىﻜﻜىﻨﭽﻰۋەﺋﯜچﯜﻥﭽﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەردەﭘەﻗەتﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺗىﻠىﺪىﻜﻰﺝﯜﻣﻠەﺗﯜزۈﻝﯜﺷىﮕەﻗﺎراﭘﻼﺋﯜﻝﯜكﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﭗ،ﻣەﻥەﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠەشﺝەهەﺗﺘىﻜﻰﺋﯧﻨىﻘﺴىﺰﻝىﻘﻨﻰ.آەﻝﺘﯜرۈپچىﻘﺎرﻏﺎنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻣىﻠﻠىﺮىﺋﯜﺱﺘىﺪىﻜﻰﺑەزىﺒىﺮﺧﺎﺗﺎ-ﺗەرﺟىﻤﻠەرۋەﻣىﺴﺎﻝﻼر3.4ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺴىﺪەﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻨىﯔﺑﯘرﻣىﻠىﻨىﺸﻰﻳﺎآﻰﻳﻮقﻗىﻠىﻨىﺸﻰ،ﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱﻠىﻖﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﻨﻐﺎنﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﺪەﺋەﺱﻠىﺪىﻜﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞ33 ﺋﯚز-ﺋىﭽىﮕەﺋﺎﻝﻐﺎنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﻣەزﻣﯘﻥﻠىﺮىﻨىﯔﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﻤەﺱﻠىﻜﻰﻳﺎآﻰﺧﺎﺗﺎﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﭗﻗﻮﻳﯘﻝﯘﺷىﻨﻰآﯚرﺱىﺘىﺪۇ.ﺑﯘﺧىﻞﺋەهﯟاﻝﻼرﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺴىﺪەﺧﯧﻠﻰ:آﯚپﺱﺎﻝﻤﺎﻗﻨﻰﺋىﮕەﻝﻠەﻳﺪۇ.ﻣەﺱىﻠەن«.ﮔﯚرﮔەآىﺮﮔەنﺗىﺮىﻚچىﻘﻤﺎس،ﺋﯚﻳﮕەآىﺮﮔەنﻗﯘرۇقچىﻘﻤﺎس»“入葬的不能活着回来，进门的不能空手出去。”:ﺗﻮﻏﺮىﺴﻰ“入葬的不能活着回来，进门的不会空肚子出去。”«.چﯚچﯜرەآﯚﻝﺪەﭘىﺸﺎر،ﻣﺎﻥﺘﺎچﯚﻝﺪە»“湖中煮饺子，沙滩上蒸包子。”:ﺗﻮﻏﺮىﺴﻰ“饺子水中煮，包子笼里蒸。”ﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﻘﻰﺋىﻜﻜﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝﻨﻰﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺸﺘﺎﺗەرﺝىﻤﺎﻥﻨىﯔﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨﻰۋەﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدىﺘىﻨﻰﺋﺎﻥﭽەچﯜﺷەﻥﻤەﺱﻠىﻜﻰﺱەۋەﺑىﺪىﻦ،ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻥىﯔﻳﯧﻤەك-ﺋىﭽﻤەك.ﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰﺑىﻠەنﻣﯧﻬﻤﺎﻥﺪوﺱﺘﻠﯘقﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدىﺘىﻨﻰﺧﺎﺗﺎﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﭗﻗﻮﻳﻐﺎن:ﺋﯘﻥىﯖﺪىﻦﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎﻳەﻥە:ﺋﺎﺗﺎﻝﻤىﻐﺎنﺋﻮﻗىﺪىﻦآﯚرىﺪۇ،ﻗﺎﻳﺘىﭗﺑﯧﺮىﭗﺧﻮﺗﯘﻥىﺪىﻦ.«ﻳﺎآﻰ»«.ﺋﺎﺗﺎﻝﻤىﻐﺎنﺋﻮﻗىﺪىﻦآﯚرىﺪۇ،چىﭽﺎﻝﻤىﻐﺎنﭘﻮﻗىﺪىﻦ»“枪法不准怪子弹，回到家里妻子怨。”:ﻳﺎآﻰ“拉不中了怪子弹，拉不出来怪大便。”ﺋەﻣەﻝىﻴەﺗﺘەﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎلﺋىﭽىﺪىﻜﻰ»ﺋﻮق«ﺱﯚزىﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻥىﯔﺋﻮۋچىﻠىﻖﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﮕەﺗەۋەﺱﯚزﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺗەرﺝىﻤﺎنﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝﻨﻰﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺝەهەﺗﺘەﺧﯧﻠﻰراۋانﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠﻐﺎنﺑﻮﻝﺴىﻤﯘ،ﺋەﻣﻤﺎﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﺪىﻦﺑەآﻼﻳىﺮاﻗﻠىﺸىﭗآەﺗﻜەن.چﯜﻥﻜﻰﺗەرﺝىﻤﺎنﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝىﺪىﻜﻰ»ﺋﻮق«ﺱﯚزىﻨﻰ»箭«دەپ34 ﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠﻤﺎي»弹子«دەپﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠﻐﺎن.ﺑﯘﺧىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﺘىﻜﻰﺋﺎﻻهىﺪىﻠىﻜﻨﻰﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرﻣەي،ﺋەآىﺴﭽەﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﺘىﻦچەﺗﻨەپآەﺗﻜەن.ﺑﯘﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝﻨﻰﺑەﻝﻜىﻢ،“箭法不准怪弓箭，回到家里妻子怨。”:ﻳﺎآﻰ“拉不中了怪弓箭，拉不出来怪大便。”دەپﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠﻐﺎنﺑﻮﻝﺴﺎﺋەﺱﻠىﻲﻣﺎﻗﺎﻝىﻨىﯔﺗﺎرىﺨىﻠىﻘىﻐﺎۋەﻣىﻠﻠىﻴﻠىﻜىﮕە.ۋارﺱﻠىﻖﻗىﻠﻐﺎﻥﻠىﻖﺑﯘﻻﺗﺘﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺴىﺪەﺗەرﺝىﻤىﻨىﯔﺋەﻳﻨەنﺑﻮﻝﯘﺷىﻐﺎ،ﺑﻮﻝﯘﭘﻤﯘﺋﯘﺋﯧﻠىﭗﻳﯜرﮔەنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻣىﻠﻠىﺮىﻨىﯔﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺪىﻤﯘﺷﯘﺋەﻳﻨەﻥﻠىﻜىﻨﻰﺱﺎﻗﻼپﻗﯧﻠىﺸﻘﺎﺋەهﻤىﻴەتﺑەرﺱەك،ﺋﯘچﺎﻏﺪاﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺗەﺗﻘىﻘﺎﺗىﻤىﺰداﻳەﻥەﺑىﺮﺑﺎﻝﺪاقﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﺋﯚرﻝەشۋەﺑﯘرۇﻝﯘشﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎنﺑﻮﻻﺗﺘﻰ.ﺋەآىﺴﭽەﻳەﻥەﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﻘىﺪەكﺋەهﯟﻝﻼرﻥىﯔﻳﯜزﺑﯧﺮىﺸىﮕەﻳﻮلﻗﻮﻳﺴﺎق،ﺋﯘچﺎﻏﺪاﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥىﯔﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺝەرﻳﺎﻥىﺪاﺋﯚزﮔىﺮىﭗآﯧﺘىﺸﻰ،ۋۇﺝﯘدىﺪاﺗﻮﺷﯘﻏﺎنﻣىﻠﻠىﻠىﻜﻨﻰﻳﻮﻗﯘﺗﯘﺷﻰ،ﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﺗﺎرىﺦۋە.ﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻣىﻠﻠىﺮىﻨﻰﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠەپﺑﯧﺮەﻝﻤەﺱﻠىﻜﻰﺋﯧﻨىﻖ،ﺧﺎﻻس35 ﺗﯚﺗىﻨﭽﻰﺑﺎب.ﺧﯘﻻﺱەﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥﻰﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰ،ﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﺗﺎرىﺨﻰ،ﭘەﻝﺴەﭘە،ﭘىﺴﺨىﻜﺎ،ﺋەدەﺑىﻴﺎت-ﺱەﻥﺌەت،ﺋﯧﺘىﻜﺎ،ﺋىﺴﺘﯧﺘىﻜﺎﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻘﻼرﻥىﯔﺋىﺠﺘىﻤﺎﺋﻰﺋەﻣەﻝىﻴىﺘﻰﺝەرﻳﺎﻥىﺪاﺷەآىﻠﻠەﻥﮕەن،ﺷﯘﻥﺪاﻗﻼﺷﯘﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﺗىﻠىﻨىﯔﺋەڭﻳﯘﻗىﺮىچﻮﻗﻘىﺴﻰ،ﺋەڭﻳﺎرﻗىﻦﻥﺎﻣﺎﻳەﻥﺪىﺴﻰ،ﺋەڭﺋﻮﺑﺮازﻝىﻖ،ﺋەڭﺋىﺨﭽﺎمﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرۈﻝىﺸﻰدەپﻗﺎراﺷﻘﺎﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇ.ﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻨىﯔﺋىﻘﺘىﺴﺎدىﻲ،ﺱىﻴﺎﺱﻰ،ﺗﺎرىﺦ،ﺋﺎدىﻤىﻴەتﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻖﻥﯘرﻏﯘﻥﻠىﻐﺎنﺋﺎﻣىﻠﻼرﻥىﯔﺗﻮﭘﻠىﻨىﺸىﺪىﻦﺷەآىﻠﻠەﻥﮕەنﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﺋىﺠﺘىﻤﺎﺋىﻲهﺎدىﺴەﻳﺎآﻰﻓﻮرﻣﺎﺗﺴىﻴەﺑﻮﻝﯘپهﯧﺴﺎﺑﻠىﻨىﺪۇ.دۇﻥﻴﺎدىﻜﻰهەرﻗﺎﻥﺪاقﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋەڭزوردەرىﺠىﺪەﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﺧﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻨﻰﺋﯚزىﮕەﻣﯘﺝەﺱەﻣﻠىﮕەنۋەﺋﯚزىﺪەﺋەآﺲﺋەﺗﺘﯜرﮔەنﺑﻮﻝىﺪۇ.ﻣﯘﺷﯘﻥﯘﻗﺘىﺪىﻦﻗﺎرىﻐﺎﻥﺪا»ﻣەدەﻥىﻴەت«دﯦﮕەنﺱﯚزﻥىﯔﺋﯚزىﻼﺑىﺮﺧىﻞﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﺧﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻘﺎﺋىﮕە.هەرﻗﺎﻳﺴﻰﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەرﻥىﯔﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰرﯦﺌﺎلﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷﻨىﯔهەرﻗﺎﻳﺴﻰﻗﺎﺗﻼﻣﻠىﺮىﻨﻰهەرﺧىﻞﺷەآىﻠﻠەردەﺋىﭙﺎدىﻠەﻳﺪۇ،ﭘەﻗەتﺷﯘﻥﺪاقﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎﻥﻠىﻘﻰﺋﯜچﯜﻥﻼآىﺸﻠەرﺋﺎﻥﺪىﻦﺑﯘهەﻗﺘەﺋﻮﻳﻠىﻨىﺶ،ﺋىﺰدىﻨىﺶ،ﺗەﭘەآﻜﯘرﻳﯜرﮔﯜزۈشۋەﺗەﺗﻘىﻖﻗىﻠىﺶﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻖﭘﺎﺋﺎﻝىﻴەﺗﻠەرﺑىﻠەنﺷﯘﻏﯘﻝﻠىﻨﺎﻻﻳﺪۇ،هەمﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤىﻐﺎنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻠەرﺋﺎرىﺴىﺪىﻜﻰﭘەرﻗﻠەرﻥﻰۋەﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎﺷﻠىﻘﻼرﻥﻰﺗﯧﭙىﭗچىﻘﺎﻻﻳﺪۇ.ﻣەﺱﻠەن،هەرﻗﺎﻳﺴﻰﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەردىﻜﻰﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤىﻐﺎنﻳﯧﻤەك-ﺋىﭽﻤەك،آﯧﻴىﻢ-آﯧﭽەك،ﺗﯘراﻝﻐﯘ،ﺋﯚرپ-ﺋﺎدەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘﻰﻗﺎﺗﺎرﻝىﻘﻼرﭘەﻗەتآىﺸﻠەرﻥىﯔﺋﻮﺑﻴﯧﻜﺘىﭗﺗﯘرﻣﯘﺷىﻨىﯔﺋﺎﻝﺪىﻐﺎﻗﻮﻳﯘﻝﻐﺎﻥﺪا،آىﺸىﻠەرﺋﺎﻥﺪىﻦﺑﯘهەﻗﺘەﺋﻮﻳﻠىﻨىﺶ،ﻣﯘﻻهىﺰەﻳﯜرﮔﯜزۈشﺋﯧﻠىﭗﺑﺎراﻻﻳﺪۇ.ﺷﯘﯕﺎﺋﺎﻝﺪىﺑىﻠەنﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻨىﯔﻥﯧﻤەﺋىﻜەﻥﻠىﻜىﻨﻰﺑىﻠىﺶۋەﺋﯘﻥﻰﭘەرﻗﻠەﻥﺪۈرۈش.ﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺪىﻜﻰﺋەڭدەﺱﻠەﭘﻜﻰ،ﺋەڭﻣﯘهىﻢﺗەﻝەﭘﻠەرﻥىﯔﺑىﺮىهﯧﺴەﺑﻠىﻨىﺪۇ36 ﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺧىﺰﻣىﺘﻰﺑىﺮﺧىﻞﺋىﺠﺘىﻤﺎﺋىﻲﭘﺎﺋﺎﻝىﻴەت،ﺋﯘﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەرﺋﺎراﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻝﻤﺎﺷﺘﯘرۇشﺋﯜچﯜنﻗﯘرۇﻝﻐﺎنآﯚۋرۈك.ﭘەﻗەتﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﺱەۋىﻴەۋەﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﺗەرﺝىﻤەﭘﺎﺋﺎﻝىﻴىﺘﻰﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎﻥﺪىﻼ،ﺋﺎﻥﺪىﻦهەرﻗﺎﻳﺴﻰﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەرﻥىﯔﺋﯚز-ﺋﺎراچﯜﺷىﻨىﺸىﮕە،ﺋﯚز-ﺋﺎرا.ﺗەڭﺋﯚﮔىﻨىﺸىﮕەۋەﺋﯚز-ﺋﺎراﺗەڭﺋﺎﻝﻐﺎﺋىﻠﮕىﺮﻝىﺸىﺪەﻣﯘهىﻢﺗﯜرﺗﻜىﻠىﻚرولﺋﻮﻳﻨﺎﻳﺪۇﺋەڭﻣﯘهىﻤﻰ،ﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤىﻐﺎنﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەردىﻜﻰﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻨﻰﺋﯚز-ﺋﺎراﻳەﺗﻜﯜزۈش.ۋەﻗﻮﺑﯘلﻗىﻠىﺸﺘﺎﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺧىﺰﻣىﺘﻰﺗﯜرﺗﻜىﻠىﻚۋەآﯚۋرۈآﻠىﻚرولﺋﻮﻳﻨﺎﻳﺪۇﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤﺎﻥﻠىﻘﻰﺋﺎدەﺗﺘىﻜﻰﺋەﺱەرﺗەرﺝىﻤﺎﻥﻠىﻘىﻐﺎﺋﻮﺧﺸىﻤﺎﻳﺪىﻐﺎن،.ﺗەرﺝىﻤﺎﻥﺪىﻦﺑىﺮﻗەدەرﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﺋﻮﻥﯟﯦﺮﺱﺎلآەﺱﭙىﻲﺱﺎﭘﺎﺗەﻝەپﻗىﻠىﺪىﻐﺎنﺧىﺰﻣەﺗﺘﯘرﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥىﯔﺋىﭽىﮕەﻥەچﭽەﺋەﺱىﺮﻝىﻚﺗﺎرىﺨىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەت،ﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﻳﯘﻏﯘرۇﻝﯘپآەﺗﻜەن.ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤﺎﻥﻠىﻘﻰﺋﺎدەﺗﺘىﻜﻰﺋەﺱەرﺗەرﺝىﻤﺎﻥﻠىﻘىﺪىﻦﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەﭘەرﻗﻠىﻨىﺪىﻐﺎنﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺗﯘﭘﺮىﻘىﻨﻰﻗﯧﺰىﭗچىﻘىﺶﺧىﺰﻣىﺘﻰهﯧﺴﺎﺑﻠىﻨىﺪۇ.ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﻥىﯔﺋەدەﺑىﻴﺎﺗﺘىﻜﻰﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎژاﻥىﺮﻻردىﻦﭘەرﻗﻠەﻥﺪۈرۈشۋەﺋﯘﺋﯚزىﮕەﺱىﯖﺪۈرﮔەنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻣىﻠﻠىﺮىﻨﻰﻗﯧﺰىﺶ،هەﻣﺪەﺋﯘﻥﻰﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەرﮔەﺗﻮﻥﯘﺷﺘﯘرۇشﺋﯜچﯜن،ﺋﯘﻥىﯔﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﺘىﻜﻰﺋﯚﺗﻜﯜزﮔﯜچﻠﯜكروﻝىﻨﻰﺗﯧﺨىﻤﯘﻳﺎﺧﺸﻰﺝﺎرىﻗىﻠﺪۇرۇشآﯧﺮەك.ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر-ﺧەﻥﺰۇﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﻨﻰﺑىﺮ-ﺑىﺮىﮕەﺗەرﺝىﻤەﻗىﻠىﺶﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر-ﺧەﻥﺰۇﺧەﻝﻘىﻨىﯔﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻝﻤﺎﺷﺘﯘرۇﺷﺘﺎﮔەۋدىﻠىﻚﺋەهﻤىﻴەﺗﻜەﺋىﮕەﺑﻮﻝﯘپ:ﺑﯘﻥىﯔﺋەهﻤىﻴىﺘﻰﺗﯚۋەﻥﺪىﻜﻰﺗەرەﭘﻠەردەﮔەۋدىﻠىﻨىﺪۇﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻠەرﻥﻰﺑىﺮ-ﺑىﺮىﮕەﺗﯘﻥﯘﺷﺘﯘرۇﺷﺘﺎ،ﺋﺎﻝﻤﺎﺷﺘﯘرۇﺷﺘﺎۋەﺗەرەﻗﻘىﻲ(1).ﻗىﻠﺪۇرۇﺷﺘﺎﻣﯘهىﻢﺋەهﻤىﻴىﺘﻰﺑﺎرﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋەزەﻝﺪىﻨﻼﻣىﻠﻠىﻲﺧﺎﺱﻠىﻘﻘﺎﺋىﮕەﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،هەرﻗﺎﻳﺴﻰدۆﻝەتۋەﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەرﻥىﯔﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻤﯘﺋﯚزىﮕەﺧﺎسﺧﺎﺱﻠىﻖۋەﭘەرﻗﻠەرﻣەۋﺝﯜت.ﺑىﺮدۆﻝەت37 ﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨﻰﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎﺑىﺮدۆﻝەﺗﻜە،ﻳﺎآﻰﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨﻰﻳەﻥەﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻜەﺗﻮﻥﯘﺷﺘﯘرۇﺷﺘﺎﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺧىﺰﻣىﺘﻰﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەآﯚۋرۈآﻠﯜكرولﺋﻮﻳﻨﺎﻳﺪۇ.ﺋەﮔەرﺋىﻜﻜﻰﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﻮﺗﺘﯘرىﺴىﺪاﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﻳﺪىﻜەن،ﺋىﻜﻜﻰﺧىﻞﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﻮﺗﺘﯘرﺱىﺪىﻜﻰﺗﯧﮕىﺸىﺶ،ﺗەﺱىﺮﻗىﻠىﺶ،ﺗەرەﻗﻘىﻲﻗىﻠىﺶدﯦﮕەﻥﻠەرﻥﻰﺗەﺱەۋۋۇرﻗىﻠىﺶﺋىﻨﺘﺎﻳىﻦﻗىﻴىﻦ.ﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺧىﺰﻣىﺘﻰﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤىﻐﺎنﺋىﻜﻜﻰﺧىﻞﺗىﻞﺷﺎراﺋىﺘىﺪىﻜﻰﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻠەرﻥﻰﺑىﺮ-ﺑىﺮىﮕەﺋﯘچﺮاﺷﺘﯘرۇشۋەﺋﯚز-ﺋﺎراﺗەرەﻗﻘىﻲﻗىﻠﺪۇرۇﺷﺘﺎﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰﻣﯘهىﻢﺋەهﻤىﻴەﺗﻜەﺋىﮕە.ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨىﯔﻳﯘﻏﯘرۇﻝﻤىﺴﻰ،ﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﺗىﻠىﻨىﯔﺋەڭﺋﻮﺑﺮازﻝىﻖ،ﺋەڭﻗىﺴﻘﺎﻳىﻐﺎﻥﭽﺎﻗﻠىﻨىﺸﻰ.ﺷﯘﯕﻼﺷﻘﺎ،ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤﺎﻥﻠىﻘﻰﺋﻮﺧﺸﺎشﺑﻮﻝﻤىﻐﺎنﺋىﻜﻜﻰدۆﻝەتﻳﺎآﻰﺋىﻜﻜﻰﻣىﻠﻠەتﺋﻮﺗﺘﯘرىﺴىﺪىﻜﻰﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻠەرﻥﻰﺑىﺮ-ﺑىﺮىﮕەﺗﯘﻥﯘﺷﺘﯘرۇﺷﺘﺎۋەﺋﯚز-ﺋﺎراچﯜﺷىﻨىﺸﻜە،.ﺗەرەﻗﻘىﻲﻗىﻠﺪۇرۇﺷﺘﺎﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰزورﺋەهﻤىﻴەﺗﻜەﺋىﮕەﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺴﻰﻗﻮشﺗىﻞﻣﺎﺋﺎرىﭙىﺪا،ﺑﻮﻝﯘﭘﻤﯘﺷىﻨﺠﺎﯕﻨىﯔﻗﻮش(2).ﺗىﻞﺋﻮﻗﯘﺗﯘﺷىﺪاﻣﯘهىﻢرولﺋﻮﻳﻨﺎﻳﺪۇﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﺗىﻠﻰﺷﯘﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨىﯔﺑەﻝﮕىﺴﻰ،ﺷﯘﻥﺪاﻗﻼﺷﯘﻣىﻠﻠەت.ﻣەۋﺝﯘﺗﻠىﻘﻨىﯔﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱىﻲﺷەآﻠﻰ.ﺗىﻞﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﻳەﺗﻜﯜزۈﺷﻨىﯔﺋﺎﺱﺎﺱىﻲﻗﻮراﻝﻰﮔەرچەﺷىﻨﺠﺎڭراﻳﻮﻥىﺪاﻗﻮشﺗىﻞﻣﺎﺋﺎرىﭙﻰﻳﻮﻝﻐﺎﻗﻮﻳﯘﻝﻐىﻨىﻐﺎﺋﻮنﻥەچﭽەﻳىﻞﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎنﺑﻮﻝﺴىﻤﯘ،ﻝﯧﻜىﻦﺷىﻨﺠﺎﯕﻨىﯔﻗﻮشﺗىﻞﻣﺎﺋﺎرىﭙىﺪاﻳﺎآﻰﻗﻮشﺗىﻞﺋﻮﻗﯘﺗﯘﺷىﺪاﺋﺎﻻهىﺪەزورﻥەﺗىﺠىﻠەرﻗﻮﻝﻐﺎآەﻝﺪىدەپﺋﯧﻴﺘﺎﻝﻤﺎﻳﻤىﺰ.ﺷىﻨﺠﺎڭراﻳﻮﻥىﺪىﻜﻰﻗﻮشﺗىﻞﺋﻮﻗﯘﺗﯘﺷىﻨىﯔﺋﯚﻝﭽىﻤﻰۋەﺱﯜﭘىﺘﻰﻳىﻠﺪىﻦ-ﻳىﻠﻐﺎچىﯔﺗﯘﺗﯘﻝﻐﺎنۋەآﯜچەﻳﺘىﻠﮕەنﺑﻮﻝﺴىﻤﯘ،ﺑىﺮاقﻳەﻥىﻼﻥﯘرﻏﯘﻥﻠىﻐﺎنﻣەﺱىﻠىﻠەرﺱﺎﻗﻼﻥﻤﺎﻗﺘﺎ.ﺑﯘﻳەردىﻜﻰﺱﺎﻗﻼﻥﻐﺎنﻣەﺱىﻠەرﻥىﯔﺑىﺮىدەلﺷﯘﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨﻰچﯜﺷىﻨىﺶ،ﺋﯚﮔىﻨىﺶ،ﻗﻮﺑﯘلﻗىﻠىﺸﻨىﯔآەﻣﭽىﻞﺑﻮﻝﯘﺷﻰﻳﺎآﻰﺗﻮﻥﯘﺷﺘﯘرۇﻝﻤﺎﺱﻠىﻘىﺪىﻦآﯧﻠىﭗچىﻘﻘﺎن.ﺷﯘﯕﻼﺷﻘﺎ،38 .ﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﺗىﻠىﻨﻰﺋﯚﮔىﻨىﺸﺘەﺋﺎۋۋالﺷﯘﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻨىﯔﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨﻰچﯜﺷىﻨىﺶآﯧﺮەكﺋەﮔەرﺑىﺰﺑﺎﺷﻘﺎﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨﻰچﯜﺷەﻥﻤەي،ﺑىﻠﻤەيﺗﯘرۇپ،ﺋﯘﻻرﻥىﯔﺗىﻠىﻨﻰﻗﺎرىﻐﯘﻻرچەﺋﯚﮔىﻨىﯟەرﺱەك،ﺋﺎﻥﭽەﻳﺎﺧﺸﻰﺑﻮﻝﻤىﻐﺎنﻥەﺗىﺠىﮕەﺋﯧﺮىﺸىﻤىﺰ.ﻣەﻳﻠﻰﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣىﻠﻠىﺘﻰﺑﻮﻝﺴﯘنﻳﺎآﻰﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻣىﻠﻠىﺘﻰﺑﻮﻝﺴﯘنﺗﺎرىﺨﻰﺋىﻨﺘﺎﻳىﻦﺋﯘزۇن،ﺷﺎﻥﻠىﻖﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻜەﺋىﮕەﻗەدىﻤﻜﻰﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەردىﻦﺑﻮﻝﯘپ،ﺑﯘﺋىﻜﻜﻰﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻨىﯔﺗىﻞۋەﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﺪەﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰزورﭘەرﻗﻠەرﻣەۋﺝﯜت.ﻳﯘﻗىﺮىﺪاﺑﺎﻳﺎنﻗىﻠىﻨىﭗﺋﯚﺗﯜﻝﮕەﻥﺪەك،ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەرﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﺗىﻠﻨىﯔﺋەڭﻳﯜآﺴەكدەرىﺠىﺪەﻳىﻐىﻨﭽﺎﻗﻠىﻨىﺸﻰ،ﺷﯘﻥﺪاﻗﻼﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨىﯔﺗىﺮىﻚﻥﺎﻣﺎﻳەﻥﺪىﺴﻰ.ﻣﯘﺷﯘﻥﯘﻗﺘىﺪىﻦﻗﺎرىﻐﺎﻥﺪىﻤﯘ،ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤﺎﻥﻠىﻘﻰﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨﻰﻳەﻥەﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻜەﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰﺗﯧﺰﻳەﺗﻜﯜزۈپﺑﯧﺮىﭗ،ﺷﯘﻣىﻠﻠەتآىﺸىﻠىﺮىﻨىﯔﻳەﻥەﺑىﺮﻣىﻠﻠەتﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨﻰچﯜﺷىﻨىﺸىﮕەۋەﻗﻮﺑﯘلﻗىﻠىﺸىﻐﺎﺋﺎﺱﺎﻥﻠىﻖﺗﯘﻏﺪۇرۇپﺑﯧﺮىﭙﻼﻗﺎﻝﻤﺎي،ﻳەﻥەﻗﻮشﺗىﻞﺋﯚﮔىﻨىﺸﻨىﯔﺋﯜﻥﯜﻣىﻨﻰﺋﯚﺱﺘﯜرۈﺷﺘە،ﺗﯧﺰﻝىﺘىﺸﺘەﻥﺎهﺎﻳىﺘﻰﻣﯘهىﻢرول.ﺋﻮﻳﻨﺎﻳﺪۇﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺗەﺗﻘىﻘﺎﺗىﻨىﯔﺋەهﻤىﻴىﺘﻰﭘەﻗەتﺑﯘﺋىﻜﻜﻰﻥﯘﻗﺘىﺪىﻼﺑﻮﻝﻤﺎﺱﺘىﻦ،ﺑەﻝﻜﻰﻳەﻥەهەرﻗﺎﻳﺴﻰﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەرﻥىﯔﺋىﺘﺘىﭙﺎﻗﻠىﻘﻰ،ﺋﯚز-ﺋﺎراچﯜﺷىﻨىﺶۋەﺗەڭ.ﺗەرەﻗﻘﻰﻗىﻠىﺸىﺪىﻤﯘﻣﯘهىﻢﺋەهﻤىﻴىﺘﻰﺑﺎردﯦﻤەك،ﺑﯘﺧىﻞﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻠەردىﻜﻰﭘەرﻗﻠەرﻥﻰﺗﻮﻏﺮاﺗﻮﻥﯘشۋەﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺪەﻳﺎﺧﺸﻰﺑىﺮﺗەرەپﻗىﻠىﺶﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺗەﺗﻘىﻘﺎﺗىﺪىﻜﻰﺋەڭﻣﯘهىﻢهﺎﻝﻘﺎهﯧﺴﺎﺑﻠىﻨىﺪۇ.ﺑﯘهﺎﻝﻘىﻨﻰچىﯔﺗﯘﺗﯘشﺋﺎرﻗىﻠىﻖﺑىﺰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺴىﻨىﯔﺗﻮﻏﺮىﻠىﻘﻰ،ﺋﯧﻨىﻘﻠىﻖدەرىﺠىﺴىﮕەﻳﯧﺘىﭙﻼﻗﺎﻝﻤﺎي،ﺋەڭﻣﯘهىﻤﻰﻳەﻥەﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەر.ﺋﯚزىﺑىﻠەنﺑىﺮﮔەﺋﯧﻠىﭗﻳﯜرﮔەنﻣەدەﻥىﻴەﺗﻠەرﺑىﻠەنﺗﻮﻏﺮاﺗﻮﻥﯘﺷﯘپچىﻘﺎﻻﻳﻤىﺰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﺪىﻜﻰﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﭘەرﻗﻰﺋﯜﺱﺘىﺪەﺋىﺰدىﻨىﺶﻳﺎﻝﻐﯘزﺗىﻠﺸﯘﻥﺎﺱﻠىﻖ39 ﺱﺎهﺎﺱىﺪىﻜﻰﺗﯧﻤﺎﺑﻮﻝﯘپﻗﺎﻝﻤﺎﺱﺘىﻦ،ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەردىﻜﻰﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻣىﻠﻠىﺮىﺋﯜﺱﺘىﺪەﺋىﺰدىﻨىﺶﻥﯘرﻏﯘﻥﻠىﻐﺎنﺋىﻠىﻤﻼرﺑىﻠەنچﯧﺘىﻠىﺪىﻐﺎنﺋﯘﻥﯟﯦﺮﺱﺎلﺧﺎراآﺘﯧﺮﻝىﻚﺗەﺗﻘىﻘﺎتﺧىﺰﻣىﺘىﺪۇر.ﺑﯘﻥىﯖﺪىﻦآﯧﻴىﻦﺑﯘهەﻗﺘەﻳەﻥەداۋاﻣﻠىﻖچﻮﯕﻘﯘر.ﺗەﺗﻘىﻘﺎﺗﻼرﺋﯧﻠىﭗﺑﯧﺮىﺸﻘﺎﺗﻮﻏﺮاآﯧﻠىﺪۇ40 :ﭘﺎﻳﺪىﻼﻥﻤىﻼرﺋﺎﻝىﻢ،ﺝﺎڭچﯜﻥﺸﻰ،ﺝﺎۋﺷىﺠﻴﯥ:»ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮى«ﺷىﻨﺠﺎڭ.1.ﺧەﻝﻖﻥەﺷﺮىﻴﺎﺗﻰ،1984-ﻳىﻞﺑىﺮىﻨﭽﻰﻥەﺷﺮىﻣﺎﺝﯜﻥﻤىﻦ،ﻝىﻴﺎۋزﯦﻴﯜ:»ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرچە-ﺧەﻥﺰۇچەﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮى«،.2.ﺷىﻨﺠﺎڭﺧەﻝﻖﻥەﺷﺮىﻴﺎﺗﻰ،2007-ﻳىﻞ8-ﺋﺎيﻥەﺷﺮىۋۇﺝەﻥﻜﯜن،ﻣﺎﮔﻮﻓەن:»ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻞ«،ﺋىﭽﻜﻰﻣﯘﯕﻐﯘلﺧەﻝﻖﻥەﺷﺮىﻴﺎﺗﻰ،.3.ﻳىﻞﻥەﺷﺮى-1980ﺝﺎڭﻳﻰ:»ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرچە-ﺧەﻥﺰۇچەﺱﯚزﻝﯜكﻝﯘﻏىﺘﻰ«،ﺷﺎﯕﺨەيﻝﯘﻏەتﻥەﺷﺮىﻴﺎﺗﻰ،.4.ﻳىﻞﻥەﺷﺮى-1987ۋاڭدﯦﺨﯘەي:»ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺗىﻠىﺪىﻜﻰﺗﯘراﻗﻠىﻖﺱﯚزﺑىﺮىﻜﻤىﻠىﺮىﺪىﻦ.5ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﻻرﻥىﯔآىﻴىﻢ-آﯧﭽەكۋەزىﻨﻨەتﺑﻮﻳﯘﻣﻠىﺮىﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﮕەﻥەزەر«،»ﺗىﻞۋە.ﺗەرﺝىﻤە«ژۇرﻥىﻠﻰ،2000-ﻳىﻞ1-ﺱﺎنﺋﯧﺰىﺰﺋﺎﺗﺎۋۇﻝﻼﺱﺎرﺗﯧﻜىﻦ:»ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر،ﺧەﻥﺰۇﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺪىﻜﻰ.6.ﺋﻮرﺗﺎﻗﻠىﻖۋەﭘەرىﻘﻠەرﺗﻮﻏﺮىﺴىﺪا«،»ﺗىﻞۋەﺗەرﺝىﻤە«ژۇرﻥىﻠﻰ،200-ﻳىﻞ1-ﺱﺎنﻣىﺮﺋﺎدىﻞﻣىﺮﺋﺎﻣﺎن:»ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺗىﻠىﺪىﻜﻰﺋىﺪىﺌﻮﻣﻼرﻥىﯔﺋﺎﻻهىﺪىﻠىﻜﻰۋە.7.ﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺴﻰﺗﻮﻏﺮىﺴىﺪا«،ﺗىﻞۋەﺗەرﺝىﻤەژۇرﻥىﻠﻰ،2002-ﻳىﻞ2-ﺱﺎنﺋىﻠﻬﺎﻣﺠﺎنﺗﯘرﺱﯘن:»ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﺑىﻠەنﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر.8.ﻣەدەﻥىﻴىﺘىﻨىﯔﻣﯘﻥﺎﺱىﯟىﺘﻰ«،ﺗىﻞۋەﺗەرﺝىﻤەژۇرﻥىﻠﻰ،2001-ﻳىﻞ3-ﺱﺎنراﺑىﻴەﺋﺎﺑﺪۇرﯦﻬىﻢ:»ﺧەﻥﺰۇﺗىﻠىﺪىﻜﻰﺱﺎﻥﺪىﻦﺗﯜزۈﻝﮕەنﺗﯘراﻗﻠىﻖﺋىﺒﺎرىﻠەرﺗﻮﻏﺮىﺴىﺪا«،ﺷىﻨﺠﺎڭﭘﯧﺪاﮔﻮﮔىﻜﺎﺋﯘﻥىﯟﯦﺮﺱىﺘﯧﺘﻰﺋىﻠﻤىﻲژورﻥىﻠﻰ،2000-ﻳىﻞ.ﺱﺎن-441 ﻝﻴﯘﺝﯧﯖﺠىﻴﺎڭ:»هﺎزىﺮﻗﻰزاﻣﺎنﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺗىﻠﻰﺗﯘراﻗﻠىﻖﺋىﺒﺎرىﻠەرﺗەﺗﻘىﻘﺎﺗﻰ.10.ﺗﻮﻏﺮىﺴىﺪا«،ﺗىﻞۋەﺗەرﺝىﻤە،2003-ﻳىﻞ4-ﺱﺎنۋاڭدﯦﺨﯘەي:»ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﺱىﻠىﻠىﺮىﻨىﯔﺗەرﺝىﻤەﺗەﺗﻘىﻘﺎﺗﻰ«،.11.ﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەرﻥەﺷﺮىﻴﺎﺗﻰ،2009-ﻳىﻞ11-ﺋﺎيﻥەﺷﺮىﻏەﻳﻴﯘرﺋﺎﺑﺪۇﻗﺎدىﺮ،ﺋەرآىﻦﻳﺎﺱىﻦ:»ﺗﯘراﻗﻠىﻖﺋىﺒﺎرەۋە.12ﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠەردىﻜﻰﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﺋﺎﻣىﻠﻠىﺮىﺗﻮﻏﺮىﺴىﺪا«،ﻗەﺷﻘەرﭘﯧﺪاﮔﻮﮔىﻜﺎ.ﺋىﻨىﺴﺘىﺘﯘﺗﻰﺋىﻠﻤﻰژورﻥىﻠﻰ،1993-ﻳىﻞ2-ﺱﺎنﺱﺎۋچﯜنﻣﯧﻲ:»ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر-ﺧەﻥﺰۇﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﻨﻰﺱىﻠىﺸﺘﯘرۇش.13.ﺗﻮﻏﺮىﺴىﺪا«،ﺗىﻞۋەﺗەرﺝىﻤە،1998-ﻳىﻞ3-ﺱﺎنﺋﺎﺑﻠىﺰﺋەﻣەت:»ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺗىﻠﻰﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﮕەﺋىﺰاهﺎت«،ﺷىﻨﺠﺎڭﺧەﻝﻖ.14.ﻥەﺷﺮىﻴﺎﺗﻰ،1983-ﻳىﻞ1-ﻥەﺷﺮىﺋەﺱﻘەرﺋىﻤىﻨﻨىﻴﺎز:»ﺗەرﺝىﻤەۋەﺧەﻥﺰۇ-ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻘﻨىﯔﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﭘەرﻗﻰ«،.15.ﺧﻮﺗەنﭘﯧﺪاﮔﻮﮔىﻜﺎﻣەآﺘەپﺋىﻠﻤﻰژۇرﻥىﻠﻰ«،2010-ﻳىﻞ4-ﺱﺎن»آﻮڭﺷﺎۋ:»ﺗەرﺝىﻤەۋەﺧەﻥﺰۇ-ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺧەﻝﻘﻨىﯔﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﭘەرﻗىﻨىﯔﺗﯘراﻗﻠىﻖ.16ﺋىﺒﺎرىﻠەرﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺴىﮕەﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎنﺗەﺱىﺮى«،ﺗىﻞۋەﺗەرﺝىﻤەژۇرﻥىﻠﻰ،2010-ﻳىﻞ.ﺱﺎن-1ﺷﻰﺷﯘﻣﯧﻲ:»ﻣەدەﻥىﻴەتﭘەرﻗىﻨىﯔﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺝەﻝﻖﻣﺎﻗﺎل-ﺗەﻣﺴىﻠﻠىﺮىﻨىﯔ.17ﺧەﻥﺰۇچەﺗەرﺝىﻤىﺴىﮕەﺑﻮﻝﻐﺎنﺗەﺱىﺮى«،ﺧەﻝﻖﺋىﮕىﻠىﻜﻰﺗﯧﺨﻨىﻜىﺴﻰ،.ﻳىﻞ7-ﺋﺎي-2010ﺗﯘرﻥىﺴﺎروزى،ﻳﺎﺱىﻦﺗﯘرﺱﯘن:»چەﺗﺌەﻝﻠەردىﻜﻰﺗىﻠﺸﯘﻥﺎﺱﻠىﻖۋەﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر.18.ﺗىﻠﻰﺗەﺗﻘىﻘﺎﺗﻰ«،ﺷىﻨﺠﺎڭﺧەﻝﻖﻥەﺷﺮىﻴﺎﺗﻰ،2003-ﻳىﻞ9-ﺋﺎي1-ﻥەﺷﺮىﺋﺎﺑﺪۇرەﺋﯘپﭘﻮﻻت:»ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺗىﻠﻰﻝﯧﻜﺴىﻜﻮﻝﻮﮔىﻴەﺱﻰۋەﻝﯧﻜﺴىﻜﺎﺗەﺗﻘىﻘﺎﺗﻰ«،.1942 .ﻣىﻠﻠەﺗﻠەرﻥەﺷﺮىﻴﺎﺗﻰ،2011-ﻳىﻞ4-ﺋﺎي1-ﻥەﺷﺮىﺋﺎﺑﺪۇرەﺋﯘپﭘﻮﻻت:»ﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘرﺗىﻠﻰﻝﯧﻜﺴىﻜﻮﻝﻮﮔىﻴىﺴﻰ«،ﻗەﺷﻘەرﺋﯘﻳﻐﯘر.20.ﻥەﺷﺮىﻴﺎﺗﻰ،1994-ﻳىﻞ12-ﺋﺎي1-ﻥەﺷﺮى43