广州专用八年级上英语语法unit8-should&had better 5页

启思教育——初二上should，oughtto和hadbetter一、掌握基本用法hadbetter，should，oughtto含义及语气有所不同，请看下表：情态动词含义语气备注hadbetter最好最弱should与oughtto常可通用should应该较强oughtto应该最强二、should和oughtto二者的区别ShouldOughtto意思表示主观看法，有“劝告、建议”的意思，即“按我的想法该如何”强调主观看法，语气比较委婉.一些建议，劝说时，译作“应当”比should 语气强,更多反映客观情况，“有义务”或“必要”做某事，有时带有责备或督促的意味,译为“应当，应该”  .否定表示某动作不一定要做表示做某事一定是错误的虚拟语态√×例如：Weoughttobemorecarefulwithourhomework.我们应当更加认真地做作业。YoushouldfollowMr.Wang’sadvice.你应当听王老师的话。sheshouldbebacktomorrow.她应该明天回来。Ioughttodomyhomeworknow.我应该现在就做作业。What’swrongwithmyanswer?Itshouldbe62,not26.我的答案出了什么错误？它应该是62，不是26。ShouldOughtto肯定句sb.shoulddosth.sb.oughttodosth.否定句sb.shouldnotdosth.sb.oughtnottodosth.一般疑问句Shouldsb.dosth.?Oughtsb.todosth.?简略回答Yes,sb.shoulddosth.No,sb.shouldnot/shouldn’tdosth.Yes,sb.oughttodosth.No,sb.oughtnot/oughtn’ttodosth.反义疑问句Youshouldstudyhard,shouldn"tyou?Heshouldn’tspeakinclass,shouldhe?Yououghttostudyhard,oughtn"tyou?Heoughtn"ttospeakinclass,oughthe?should和oughtto在用法上要注意以下3点：1.没有人称和数的变化。2.后面接动词原形。3.可用来构成否定句、疑问句及简明答语。ought to 是唯一一个可加to的情态动词!Should具体用法:ought to具体用法:5 启思教育——初二上1.表义务，意为”应该”Youshoulddowhatyourparentstellyou.Heshouldn’tstayupsolate.1. (表示义务、责任等) 应当, 应该You ought to work harder than that.2.表温和的建议或指正Thisnameiswrong;itshouldbespelledSymthe,notSmith.2. (表示劝告、建议等) 应该You don"t look well. You ought to go to see the doctor.3.表期待，意为”可能”Sheshouldbehereinaminute.3. (表示猜测、期望) 总应该，理应It ought to be a fine day tomorrow morning.4.可用于完成时,完成时表示过去应该做而未做的事情Attheageofthirty-fiveIshouldhaveunderstood.5.用于第一人称疑问句询问对方意愿,但与其较委婉温和ShouldIopenthewindow?4. “ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去应做某事而实际未做You ought to have told me that (but you didn"t).这时ought to和should可以互换使用。6.表惊讶等感情I’msurprisedthatheshouldsayso.HowshouldIknow?7.表委婉语气,常与say,think等动词连用Ishouldsayheisoverthirty.Ishouldthinkitisagoodfilm.三、should和oughtto+havedone（一）should/oughtto+havedone意为本来应做但实际没有做，表达遗憾的感情色彩。例如：Therewasalotoffunatyesterday"sparty.Yououghttohavecome,butwhydidn"tyou?（二）shouldn’t/oughtn"ttohavedone，意为本来不应做但实际已做，表达遗憾的感情色彩。例如：Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.Youshouldn"thavelefthomewithoutaword.四、should和oughtto+bedoing，表示“应该在（立即）……”例如：Yououghtn’ttobetalkingsomuch.你不应当说这么多话。Theyfelttheyoughttobedoingsomething.他们感到他们应该做点什么事。　五、hadbetter表示"最好"hadbetter作为情态动词，它只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原形。陈述句肯定形式：hadbetterdosthYouhadbettergothereatonce.你最好立即去那里。否定形式：hadbetternotdosthYouhadbetternotstartatthistime.此时你最好别出发。一般疑问句：Hadhebetterstartearlyatonce?他最好立即出发吗？Yes,hehad./No,hehadn’t.反义疑问句：Youhadbetternotgohome,hadyou?你最好别回家，是吗？Shehadbetterwatertheflowersassoonaspossible，hadn’tshe？她最好尽快给花浇水，不是吗？hadbetter可用于的时态5 启思教育——初二上1.hadbetter用于指现在。如：Nowyouhadbetterlistentotheradio.你现在最好听收音机。Youhadbetterbequiet.你最好安静一些。2.hadbetter用于指将来。如：Youhadbetterstarttomorrow.你最好明天动身。Wehadbetterbuythemoreexpensiveone.Itwilllastmuchlongerandsoitwillbecheaperintheend.我们最好还是买贵些的,它更经久耐用，所以到头来，它还是更便宜些。3.hadbetter用于进行式，表示讲话人提出建议时，动作正在进行。如：WehadbetterbewatchingtheTVplay.我们最好现在就看到电视剧。Wehadbetterbestartingbacknow.我们最好现在就动身回去。4.hadbetter+have+V-ed可表示"本该做而没有做的事"。如：Youhadbetterhavedoneit.如果你把那件事办妥就好了。(但实际上你没有那样做)Youhadbetterhavestayedwithus.要是当时你和我们呆在一起多好啊。(实际上没有)注意点：一、hadbetter后面必须跟动词原形；二、主语不论是第几人称，句子不论是什么时态，都要用hadbetter的形式；三、在祈使句中，had有时可以省略；Betternotdoit.最好别做那事。Betternotwaitforthem.最好不要等他们。四、hadbetter的被动式；Youhadbetterdoit.->Ithadbetterbedone.Youhadbetterhavedoneit.->Ithadbetterhavebeendone.五、hadbetter在表示对别人劝告、建议时，不宜用于与陌生人、长辈及上级的交谈中。对长辈说话时，最好不用hadbetter。比较有礼貌的说法是：Itmightbebetterforyou...；Itwouldbebetterforyou...。Itmightbebetterforyoutohelpme，Grandpa.爷爷，您最好能帮我一下。情态动词专项练习题一、用should,shouldn’t,ought,oughtn’t填空：1.I’mgettingfat.Itoeattoomuch.2.Maryisnotfeelingwell.Shestayathome.3.Hetobehere,oughtn’the?4.Childrenplayfootballinthestreet.5.Theytolettheirdogsrunontheroad.6.She’salwaysshortofmoney.Shespendtoomuch.7.Mikehasaweakbody,sohetodomoreexercise.8.Hopefulgetslowmarksatschool.Heworkharder.9.Maygoswimmingthisafternoon?No,she.Shedoherhomeworkathome.10.wetobuysomebatteries?Yes,we.There’renobatteriesleft.11.Youshoulddrinkeightcupsofwater,you?5 启思教育——初二上12.Heoughtn"ttospeakinclass,he?13.—Excuseme，mayIsithere？　—I’mafraidyou________________not，becausesomeonehastakenit.14.Tom，you__________havelefthomewithouttellingyourparentsyesterdayafternoon.15.You___________________haveboughtthatbook.Itissogood.16.Ithinkyoushouldbecarefulinallyourwork，____________you？17.Yoursisteroughttoputherheartandsoulintoherstudy，_____________she？二、单项选择()1.Youjumpthequeue!Sorry,Iwon’t.A.oughttonotB.oughtnottoC.oughtnotD.notought()2.Mysisteroftenspendsmoremoneythanshehas.Shespendsomuch.Shesavemoney.A.shouldn’t,oughttoB.shouldn’t,oughtn’ttoC.oughtn’t,shouldD.oughtn’tto,shouldn’t()3.Theremuchnoiseinahospital.A.shouldhaveB.shouldn’thaveC.oughttobeD.oughtn’ttobe()4.Whatwedointhecorridor?Youbequiet.A.should,oughtB.ought,oughtC.should,shouldD.shouldto,oughtto()5.Itorecitethistext,I?A.should,shouldn’tB.ought,oughtn’tC.shouldn’t,oughtD.ought,shouldn’t()7.Multipliedby9is54.No,itto63.A.ought,isB.shouldbeC.must,beD.ought,be()8.Albertistoofat.Shenoteattoomuchsweet.A.hadbetterB.oughttoC.hadtoD.shouldto()9.Kathyistalkingtoherclassmateintheclass.Shetoothersintheclass.A.shouldistalkingB.shouldbetalkingC.shouldn’tbetalkingD.shouldn’tistalking()10.theybetterwaithere,sir?No,they.A.do,don’tB.had,hadn’tC.had,don’tD.had,had()11.Susanbetternotbelazy,she?A.had,hadB.hadn’t,hadC.hadn’t,hadn’tD.had,hadn’t()12.ThisdictionarybelongstoRita.You____________ithomewithoutlettingherknow.　　A.hadbetternottotakeB.shouldn’thavetakenC.oughtn’ttakeD.shouldn’tbetaking()13.Ourmoneyisverylimited，soyou___________somuchmoneyonsodearaskirt.　　A.shouldn’thavespentB.shouldn’tbespendingC.needn’thavespentD.oughtn’tspend()14.You__________toyourfatherlikethis，afterallheisyourfather.5 启思教育——初二上　　A.needn’thavespokenB.mustn’thavespokenC.oughtn’ttohavespokenD.oughttonothavespoken()15.Look，thebooksonthedeskareallwet.You_______allthewindowstokeeptherainout.　　A.musthaveshutB.shouldhaveshutC.oughthaveshutD.canhaveshut()16.Thelittlegirlhadbetternotstayuptoolate，___________she？　　A.doesB.willC.hadD.has()17.Thisisaveryimportantproject，soyou_______planitverycarefully.　　A.oughttoB.willC.dareD.need()18.Youhadbetter________footballnearthestreet，it’sverydangerous.　　A.nottoplayB.don’tplayC.notplayD.tonotplay三、句式转换：1、Youshouldgotoschoolontime.(否定句)2、Theyoughttogonow.(一般疑问句)3、Youhadbettergethereearly.(否定句)4、Youshoulddressneatly.(同义句)Youdressneatly.5、Weshouldputtherubbishinthebin.(划线提问)四、改错：1、Angelshouldtowearmoreclothes,itiscold.2、Thisbookdon’toughttobetooexpensive.3、You’dbetterdoingyourhomeworkathome.4、Oughthegonow?5、Thetwinsshouldlisteningtotheirmother.五、短文填空：Electricityisveryimportanttoourlives.Almosteveryonetodayuseselectricityinonewayoranother.Asyouknowitisprecious,sowe1tryourbesttosaveelectricity.Forexample,we2toturnonmorelightsthanweneed.You3notturnfansonwhenyouleavearoom.We4leavethefridgeopenafterwehavetakensomethingout.We5toturnoffthelightsafterweleaveschool.5