高中英语语法主谓一致及练习 5页

高考主谓一致专项讲解1.大多数的以-（c）s结尾的名词表示复数意义，但means,news,goods,works通常表示单数意义，不过，这几个词中个別名词在具体的语境小也可以表示复数意义。判断的方法是：若这些词前冇a,sucha,this,that,each,every修饰时，谓语用单数。means,nomeans,themeans等前没有上述修饰语时，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。Eveiymeanshasbeentried.Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried.2.由成双（对）部分组成的衣服或物品的名词名称，如trousers,glasses等，通常用作复数。但若英前冇表示单位的pair,piece等量词时，则谓语的单复数由这些量词的单复数决定。Histrousershavewornout.Thepairoftrousershaswornout.3.专有名词及书名，通常只做单数用。TheSelectedPoemsofLiBaiwaspublishedlongago.TheUnitedNationswassetlipin1945.4.family,team,party,class,public,club,crew,crowd,group,enemy,audience,committee,company等词作为一个整体看时，表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数。若就英中一个个成员來看时，则表示复数形式。Myfamilyisaunitedone.Myfamilyareearlyrisers.5.people,cattle（牲口），police等只能表示复数总义，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。Thepolicehavecaughtthemurderer.6.population作主语时，通常看作单数，若population前冇分数、百分数修饰时，则句子谓语通常用复数。ThepopulationinChinaisverylarge,andeightypercentofthepopulationinChinaarefarmers.7.单复数同形的名词，如：sheep,deer等作主语时，应根据主语的单复数意义确定谓语动词的形式。Adeerisoverthere.Somedeerareoverthere.8.表示度量、距离、金额、时间等数量的名词（词组）作主语时，通常看作单数。Twentyyearshaspassed.9.分数，量词，数学算式通常看作单数。Twentydividedbyfourisfive.二十除以四得五。Fourplus（and）threeis/areseven.四加三等于七。10.由分数,百分数+of+名词或some/alotof/lotsof/plentyof/therestof/halfof/partof+名词构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词的数由短语中名词的数决定。 Therestofmeatgoesbad.Therestofworkersarestillverytired.1.thenumberof+可数名词的复数形式，theamountof+不可数名词，thequantityof+可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。这是因为主语的中心词分别是number,amount,quantity«Anumberof+可数名词的复数形式＞largeamountsof+不可数名词，quantitiesof+可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。ThenumberofstudentsinClass9is105・Largeamountsofwaterarewastedeachyea匚2.morethan+名词词组作主语时，谓语动词的数要与名词词组中心词的数一致。Morethantwohundredpeoplehaveturnedup.Morethanonepersonhasvotedagainsthim・3.manya+单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Manyastudenthasmadethatmistake・4.oneandahalf+名词复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Oneandahalfapplesisleftonthetable.5.由and,both...and...连接的并列主语通常表示复数意义，谓语动词应用复数。但当并列主语指的是同一个人（如事物或概念）时，谓语动词应用单数形式。判别二者的方法通常要看and后的名词前是否冇冠词。Thewriterandthepoetarehere.（作家和诗人）Thewriterandpoetishere.（作家兼诗人）16・关联连词not…but…，notonly...butalso…,or,either...or,neither...nor...等连接并列主诰时，谓语动词的数与它紧邻的主语一致。（就近原则）Notonlytheboysbut（also）thefatherwastoblame・17.主语后面跟有aswellas,alongwith,with,togetherwith,except,besides,including,followedby等引导的词组时，谓语动词的单、复数根据主语的单、复数而定。（就远原则）Thegirlaswellasboyshaslearnedtousecomputers・18.each...andeach...,every...andevery...连接的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Eachmanandeachwomanisaskedtohelp.19.关系代词who,that,which等在定语从句小作主语时，英谓语动词的数应与先行词的数保持~致。Heisoneofstudentswhowanttolearnhowtousethecomputer・（先彳亍词是students）Heistheonlyoneofstudentswhowantstolearnhowtousethecompute「・（先彳亍词是one）20.the+形容词通常表示一类人，看作复数；但在具体语境中也可表示一个人。 Thewoundedweretreatedwell.Thewounded（soldier）wastakenawaybyalittlepeasantboy・17.名词性从句作主语时，通常看作单数。但若其表示复数概念，则应看作复数。判断的一般方法是看表语的单复数。Whatweneedismoremoney・Whatweneedaremoreclothes18.不定式，v-ing形式作主语时，通常看作单数。Tohavefinishedwritingtheessayisquitearelieftome.ReadingEnglishiseasierthanspeakingit.习题精选1、Nothingbutcarsintheshop・A.issoldB・aresoldC・weresoldD・aregoingtosell2、NooneexceptJackandTomtheanswer.A・knowB・knowsC・isknowingD・areknown3、Seventypercentofthestudentsinourschoolfromthecountryside.A・isB・areC・comesD・arecoming4、ofthemoneyusedup.A.Thrcc-fivc,arcB・Thrcc-fifths,havebeenC・Three-fifths,hasbeenD・Third-fifths,is5、Thenumberofthepeoplewhocarsincreasing.A・owns,areB・owns,isC・own,isD.own,are6、OneofMarx"sworkswritteninEnglishinthe1860s.A・wasB・wereC・wouldbeD・arc7、Thesheetsforyourbedwashing.A.needsB・areneedingC・wantD・arewanting8、Oneachsideofthestreetalotoftrees.A.standsB・growC・isstandingD・aregrown9、Somepersoncallingforyouatthegate.A・areB・isC・isbeingD・willbe10、Allthatcanbeeateneatenup.A・tirebeingB・hasbeenC・hadbeenD・havebeen 11、Tom"steacherandfriendMr.Smith.A・arcB・isC・arcbeingD・has12、Yournewclothesfityou,butmineme.A.doesnfitB・don"tfitC・doesn"tfitforD・don"tfi(for13、NeitherhenorIfbrtheplan.A.amB・areC・isD・were14、Manyastudentthatmistakebefore・A・hasmadeB・havemadeC・hasbeenmadeD・hadmade15、Peter,perhapsJohn,playingwiththelittledog・A・isB・areC・wereD・seems16、Layingeggstheantqueen"sfull-timejob・A・isB・areC・hasD.have17、Betweenthetwobuildingsamonument.A.standB・standsC・standingD・isstanding18、I,whoyourgoodfriend,willshareyourjoysandsorrow.A.amB・isC・areD・was19、TheUnitedNationsin1945.A.werefoundB・werefoundedC・wasfoundedD・wasfound20、werealsoinvitedtotheparty.A・MrSmithB・TheSmithC・TheSmithsD・Smiths21、Theglassworksin1959.A.weresetupB・wassetupC・wereputupD・werebuilt22、Threehourswithyourgirlfriendtobeashorttime.A.seemB・seemsC・isseemingD・hasseemed23、Itwasreportedthatsixincludingaboy.A.waskilledB・werekilledC・waskillingD・hadkilled24、Thepoliceaprisone匚A.issearchingforB・aresearchingforC・issearchingD・aresearchedfor25、Dccrfasterthandogs.A・runB・runsC・arerunningD・willrun26、Thewoundedgoodcareofherenow. A.istakenB・arebeingtakenC・