高一英语语法知识和阅读理解(答案) 21页

高一主要语法点必修一：直接引语和间接引语（宾语从句）；现在进行时表将来；定语从句必修二：定语从句（非限定定从、定从中的介词前提）；被动语态（一般将来时、现在完成时及现在进行时的被动语态）必修三：情态动词；名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句及同位语从句）必修四：主谓一致；非谓语动词（V-ing）:构词法必修2第一单元,非限制性定语从句的第二单元一般将来时的主被动第三单元现在完成时的主被动第四单元现在进行时的主被动第五单元介词+which/whom的用法必修3—二单元情态动词的用法三单元宾语从句和表语从句四单元主语从句五单元同位语从句必修4第一单元主谓一致第二单v-ing作主语和宾语的用法第三单元v-ing作表语，定语和宾语补足语第四单元v-ing作状语第五单元构词法必修5第一单元过去分词作定语和表语第二单元过去分词作宾语补足语第三单元过去分词作状语第四单元倒装句第五单元省略句人教版必修各单元知识点总结UnitOneFriendship一、重点短语1.gothrough经历，经受getthrough通过；完成；接通电话2.setdowni己下，放下3.aseriesof一系列4onpurpose有目的的5.inorderto为了6.atdusk傍晚,黄昏时刻7.facetoface面对面8.fallinlove爱上9.joinin参加（某个活动）;takepartin参加（活动）join加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员）10.calmdown冷静下来11.sufferfrom遭受12.be/gettiredof...对…感到厌倦13.beconcernedabout关心 5.geton/alongwellwith与…相处融洽6.begoodat/dowellin擅长于…7.findit+adj.todosth.发现做某事是…8.noIonger/not...anyIonger不再…9.toomuch太多（后接不可数n.）muchtoo太・・.（后接adj.）10.not...until直至!J・・・才11.it"snopleasuredoingsth做…并不开心12.makesb.sth.使某人成为…makesb.dosth.使某人做某事二、语法-…直接引语和间接引语概念:直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。例：Mr.Blacksaid,"IFbusy."Mr.Blacksaidthathewasbusy.变化规则（-）陈述句的变化规则直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。人称的变化一一人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思例：1.Hesaid,zzIlikeitverymuch/"—Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.2.Hesaidtome,"Tvleftmybookinyourroom."—Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinmyroom.时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时过去完成时过去完成时例： "Idon"twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary/saidAnne.—AnnesaidthatshedidrVtwanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary・Theboysaid,"I"musingaknife."fTheboysaidthathewasusingaknife.▲注意：如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变，如:Hesaid,"Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.〃Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语间接引语thisthatthesethosenowthenagobefore/earliertodaythatdayyesterdaythedaybeforetomorrowthenext/followingdaythedayaftertomorrowIntwoday"stimecomegoheretherethedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbefore/earlier（二）祈使句的变化规则如果直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并根据句子意思在不定式前加上tell/ask/order等动词，如果祈使句是否定句，在不定式前面还要加上not。例：Thehostesssaidtous,"PleasesitdowfThehostessaskedustositdown.Hesaid,"Don"tmakesomuchnoise,boys."fHetoldtheboysnottomakesomuchnoise.（三）疑问句的变化规则 如果直接引语是疑问句，变为间接引语时要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，句末用句号。一般疑问句：如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，谓语动词是say或said时,要改为ask或asked,原问句变为由if/whether引导的宾语从句。例："Doyouthinkadiarycanbecomeyourfriend?"thewritersays.—Thewriterasksusifwethinkadiarycanbecomeourfriend.2）特殊疑问句：如果间接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的引导词，但疑问句要变为陈述句。例：“Whatdoyouwant?"heaskedme.HeaskedmewhatIwantedUnittwoEnglisharoundtheworld一、重点短语1.bedifferentfrom与…不同bethesameas与…一样2.oneanother相互，彼此（=eachother）3.officiallanguage官方语言4.attheendof在…结束时5.becauseof因为（后接名词或名词性短语）because因为（后接句子）6.nativespeakers说母语的人7.bebasedon根据,依据8.atpresent目前;当今9.especially特别,尤其specially专门地10.makeuseof利用…makethebestof充分利用…11.alargenumberof大量的，很多（作主语，谓语动词用复数）thenumberof...的数量（作主语，谓语动词用单数）12.infact=actually=asamatteroffact事实上13.believeitornot信不信由你14.thereisnosuchthingas...没有这样的事… 1.beexpectedto…被期待做某事2.playapart/rolein...在…起作用3.makelistsof...列清单4.included包括（前面接包括的对象）Including包括（后接包括的对象）5.commandsb.todosth.命令某人去做某事command+that从句（从句用should+V原）6.requestsb.todosth.要求某人做某事request+that从句（从句用should+V原）二、语法•…英语中的命令（command）语气和请求（request）语气命令语气:表示直接命令某人做某事，语气比较重，不怎么礼貌，一般用于上级对下级例:1."Lookattheexample：theteachersaidtous.2.Openthewindow!请求语气:表示请求某人做某事，语气比较缓和，非常礼貌例：1."Wouldyouliketoseemyflat?"Sheasked.2.Wouldyoupleaseopenthewindow?Unit3Traveljournal一、重点短语1.travel-—泛指旅行journey--指长时间长距离的陆上旅行voyage--指长距离的水上旅行，也可以指乘飞机旅行trip--常指短时间短距离的旅行tour--指周游，巡回旅游，2.preferto更加喜欢，宁愿preferAtoB比起B,更喜欢Apreferdoingtodoing比起做…，宁愿做…prefertodoratherthando与其做.・・,不如… 1.flowthrough流过，流经2.eversinee自从3.persuadesb.todosth.说服某人做某事4.befondof喜欢5.insistondoing坚持做某事insist+that从句（用should+V原）6.careabout关心7.changeone"smind改变想法8.altitude高度attitude态度，看法9.makeupone"smindtodo下定决心做某事=decidetodo=makeadecisiontodo10.givein让步，屈服giveup放弃11.besurprisedto...对…感到惊奇toone"ssurprise令某人惊讶的是…12.atlast=finally=intheend最终13.stoptodo停下来去做某事stopdoing停止做某事14.asusual像往常一样15.so...that如此…以至于…So+adj+a/an+n.+thatSuch+a/an+adj.+n.+that16.befamiliarwith对…熟悉（人作主语）befamiliarto为…所熟悉（物作主语）二、语法:现在进行时表将来现在进行时表将来，表示最近按计划或安排要进行的动作，常见的现在进行时表将来的动词有：come/go/leave/arrive/travel/take/stay/do等.例：1.Kmcoming.我就来2.whatareyoudoingnextSunday?你下个星期天做什么?3.1hearthatyouaretravellingalongMekongRiver.我听说你将沿湄公河旅行 1.Whereareyoustayingatnight?你们晚上待在哪里/UnitfourEarthquakes一、重点短语1.rightaway立亥U,马上（=atonee二innotime）2.asleep睡着的；熟睡地（fallasleep入睡）sleep睡；睡眠sleepy犯困的3.itseemsthat/asif...看来好像...；似乎4.inruins成为废墟5.thenumberof...的数量（谓语动词用单数）anumberof大量（谓语动词用复数）6.rescueworkers营救人员Cometoone"srescue营救某人7.betrapped被困8.howlong多长时间howoften多久，指平率howsoon述要多久（用丁•将来时当中，用in+时间段回答）9.hundredsofthousandsof成千上万的10.digout挖出11.shake--泛指“动摇,震动",常指左右、上下动摇，也可以指人“震惊,颤抖”彳列：1.Shefelttheearthshakingunderhim.2.Shewasshakenwithanger.quake-・指较强烈的震动，如地震仮ij:ThebuildingquakedonitsfoundationTremble-—指人由于寒冷、恐惧、不安等引起的身体的抖动或声音的颤抖例：SuddenlyIsawherlipsbegintotrembleandtearsbegintoflowdownhercheeks. Shiver--多指寒冷引起的颤抖、哆嗦例:Asuddengustofcoldwindmademeshiver.1.rise(rose—risen)--vi,上升；升起，无被动语态;giveriseto引起Raise(raised—raised)・…vt,举起；筹集；养育Arise(arose—arisen)—-vt,出现(常指问题或现象)2.injure■…常指因意外事故造成的损伤，也可以指感情上名誉上的伤害例:Hewasinjuredinacaraccident.harm--泛指“伤害，损害”，既可以指有生命的，也可以指无生命的例:1.Hewasafraidthathisfurywouldharmthechild.2.Hisbusinesswasharmedforsomereason.hurt--既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害例：1.Shehurtherlegwhenshefell.2.Hefelthurtatyourword・wound—・一般指枪伤、刀伤等在战场上受的伤例:Thebulletwoundedhiminthearm.3.bepreparedfor...=makepreparationsfor...为…做准备4.inone"shonor向…表示敬意；为纪念Be/feelhonoredtodo…做…感到很荣幸5.make/give/deliveraspeech发言openingspeech开幕词6.give/provideshelterto…向…提供庇护所seekshelterfrom...躲避7.happento+n./pron.遭遇，发生happentodosth.偶然;碰巧happen--指偶然发生takeplace一指事先计划好的事情发生二、语法•…定语从句在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 成分:先行词，即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词；关系代词：that,which,who滨格为whom,所有格为whose）；或者关系副词where,when,why等。关系代词或关系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间，起着连接主从句的作用。1.关系代词that的用法关系代词that在定语从句中既能指人，也能指物；既能做主语，也能做宾语例：1)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.(Jh物，作主语)2)Thenoodles(that)Icookedweredelicious.(指物，作宾语)3)Whoisthemanthatisreadingabookoverthere?(扌旨人，作主语)4)Thegirl(that)wesawyesterdaywasJim"ssister,(指人，作宾语)2.关系代词which的用法关系代词which在定语从句中只能指物，但既可以做宾语也能作主语例：1)Theyplantedsometreeswhichdidn"tneedmuchwater.(作主语)2)Thefish(which)weboughtthismorningwerenotfresh.(作宾语)3.关系代词who,whom的用法关系代词who,whom只能指人，在定语从句中分别作主语和宾语例:1)TheforeignerwhohelpedusyesterdayisfromUSA.(作主语)2)ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedtoisMr.Li.(作宾语)、4.关系代词whose在的用法关系代词whose为关系代词who的所有格形式，其先行词既可以是人也可以是物，whose和它所修饰的名词在定语从句中既可以做主语也可以做宾语。例：1)Thisisthescientistwhosenameisknownallovertheworld.(指人，作主语)2)Theroomwhosewindowfacessouthismine.(扌旨物，作主语)3)HehaswrittenabookwhosenameI"veforgotten.(指物,作宾语)5.关系副词when的用法关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语仮ij：1)I"llneverforgetthetimewhen(二duringwhich)weworkedonthefarm.2)Doyouremembertheafternoonwhen(二onwhich)wefirstmetthreeyearsago? 6.关系副词where在定语从句中的用法关系副词where在定语从句中做地点状语例:1)Thisistheplacewhere(=at/inwhich)wefirstmet.2)Thehotelwhere(=inwhich)westayedwasn"tveryclean.7.关系副词why在定语从句中的用法关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语例：1).Ididn"tgetapayrise,butthiswasn"tthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ileft.2).Thereasonwhy(=forwhich)hehaslatewasthathemissedthetrain.Unit5NelsonMandela一amodernhero一、重点词汇1.selfish自私的selfless无私的2.devoteoneselfto...致力于;献身于3.fightagainst对抗，反对fightfor为…而战4.principle原贝ijprincipal校长;主要的5.offerguidanceto...给…提供指导6.outofwork失业7.join加入(组织，俱乐部，成为其中一员)joinin参加(活动)takepartin参加(活动)8.as+adj+asonecan尽可能...=as+adj.+aspossible9.asamatteroffact事实上(=infact)10.blowup爆炸，炸掉11.setup建立;setabout着手，开始做(setaboutdoingsth.)setoff出发，动身；setout开始，出发(setouttodosth.)12.besentencedto被判…13.beequalto与…相等；胜任14.beproudof为…感到自豪 1.giveout分发(giveoff散发出(气味))2.diefor为…而死dieof死于（自身原因，如疾病）diefrom死于（外在原因,如车祸）3.realizeone"sdreamof...实现..的梦想4.only位于句首时，要主谓倒装彳列:Onlythendidwedecidetoanswervioleneewithviolenee.Onlyinthisway,canweprotecttheenvironmentbetter.二语法…•定语从句详见第四单元 高一英语阅读理解专讲专练含答案及解析九OnOctober12,1989zsomeBritishscientistswereworkingatthecomputerstolookfortheinformationtheyneeded.Suddenlytheysawalotofverybrightpointscrossingthecomputersscreens・Atthesametimethecomputerswereworkingmuchslower.Tofindoutwhatwashappeningtheystoppedtheirworktochecksomepartsofthecomputers.Totheirhorror（恐怖齐theyfoundoutthatmostoftheirstoredinformationwasgotridofbycomputerviruses（病毒）!Clearlyallthesecomputershadbeeninfected（感染）bycomputerviruses・Itissaidthatthecomputervirusesweremadebyagroupofyoungmenfondofplayingtricks.①Theyallhadexcellenteducation.Theycreatedthevirusesjusttoshowtheirintelligenee（才能）.ThesekindsofcomputervirusesarenamedJerusalemViruses.Thesevirusescanstayincomputersforalongtime.Whenthetimecomestheywillattack（袭击）thecomputersbyloweringthefunctions（功能）zdamagingtheirnormalprogramsorevengettingridofalltheinformat!on.②WenowcometoknowthatJerusalemVirusesoftenattackcomputersonFridayandthattheyarespreading（传播）toalotofcomputers.AmongthecountriesthatwereattackedbycomputerviruseslastyearareBritairAustralia,SwitzerlandandtheU.S.Buttillnow,howtogetridoftheterriblevirusesremainsaproblem.根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1.Whenthevirusesattackthecomputers,thecomputerswillwork.A.normallyB.slowlyC.fasterD.well2.Thegroupofyoungmencreatedthevirusesto.A.damagethecomputersB・testtheirabilityC.tellpeoplethattheywereintelligentD.playatrickonusersofthecomputers3.Accordingtothepassage,computervirusesseemto.A.havebeeninnatureforyearsB.stayinanycomputers A.bedifficulttogetridofatpresentB.beabletobegotridofinthenearfuture1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Lastyearfourcountriesfoundtheircomputerwereinfectedbyviruses.B.Theviruseswillcometoanewcomputerafterstayingintheoldoneforsometime.C.Scientistsaretryingtofindawaytogetridoftheviruses.D.TheJerusalemVirusesaredangeroustohumanhealth.难句注释①Itissaidthatthecomputervirusesweremadebyagroupofyoungmenfondofplayingtricks.据说计算机病毒是由一群喜欢搞恶作剧的年轻人制造出来的。Totalwords:239Readingtime:Readingspeed:②Whenthetimecomestheywillattackthecomputersbyloweringthefunctions,damagingtheirnormalprogramsorevengettingridofalltheinformation.当时机到来吋，它们就会通过减弱计算机的功能、破坏它们的程序甚至删除所有的信息來攻击计算机。阅读理解MrJacksonlivedinthecentreofLondonbuthehadahotelneartheairport.Therealotofforeignersstayedfornight.Hedidn"tknowanyotherIanguagebutEnglishandhefounditdifficultforhimtounderstandtheforeignvisitors.①SometimeshehadtousethebodyIanguageto""talk"withthem,andtriedhisbesttomakehimselfunderstood.Buthewasoftenmisunderstood（误解）anditbroughthimalotoftrouble.AfriendofhiswholearnedafewforeignIanguagesinauniversitywouldteachhim.Hewashappyandstudiedhard.Atfirsthelearnedsome,butsoonhefounditwasn’teasytorememberthewordsandexpressions.Hisfriendadvisedhimtowritedowntheusefulexpressionsinhisnotebooksothathecouldusethemwhennecessary.②Hedidashewastold.Hefoundithelpfulforhimtodoso.busyeatingsomethingexceptaJapanese.Hewaswalkingaroundthereandwaitingforhiswifewhowasdressingherselfupupstairs.MrJacksonthoughttohimself,"ThemanwantstoeatsomethingbuthedoesntknowanyEnglish.Letmehelphim/ AsheknewonlyalittleJapanese,hehadtobringouthisnotebookandshowedittotheman,pointingtothesentenceUImhungry".TheJapanesehadalookatitandgavehimtwopoundsandleft.根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1.MrJacksonknewonlyEnglishbecause•A.hewasanEnglishstudentB.hehadneverbeenabroadC.hecouldn*tlearnbyhimselfD.hehadrTtstudiedanyforeignIanguages2.Asnotallforeignersunderstoodhisgestures,sometimesMrJacksontocommunicatewiththem.A.succeededB・fearedC.failedD.gaveup3.TheJapanesethoughtzsohegavehimtwopounds.A.MrJacksonwasabeggar（乞丐）B.MrJacksonwasatranslatorC.MrJacksoncouldhelphimD.MrJacksoncouldringhiswifeup难句注释①Hedidn’tknowanyotherIanguagebutEnglishandhefounditdifficultforhimtounderstandtheforeignvisitors.他除了英语其他什么语言都不懂，而H他发现自己很难听懂外国游客说些什么OTotalwords:250Readingtime:Readingspeed: ②Hisfriendadvisedhimtowritedowntheusefulexpressionsinhisnotebooksothathecouldusethemwhennecessary.他的刖友建议他把有用的表达方式记在笔记本上，以便在必要的时候可以运用。阅读理解Comeraistheonlyplaceintheworldwhichhasawhistle（nn肖）Ianguage.①Wedonotknowhowandwhyitbeganbecausewedonotknowthecompletehistoryoftheisland.ButwecancertainlyimaginethereasonsforthebegirmingofthewhistleIanguage.Therearemanydeepvalleys（峡谷）ontheisland.Apersonononesideofavalleycannoteasilyshouttoapersonontheotherside.Buthecanwhistleandbeheard.Someofthebestwhistlerscanbeheardfromfourmilesawayandtherecordissevenmiles.Thepeoplewholiveontheislandusuallyhavegoodteeth,andthishelpsthemtowhistlewell・Theymustalsohavegoodearssothattheycanhearotherwhistlers.WecanunderstandwhythewhistleIanguagecontinues.Itisveryusefulontheisland,andquiteeasytolearn.Whensomebodyishurtorill,thewhistlelanguagetakestheplaceoftelephone.Ifthesickpersonisquitefarawayfromthetown,peoplepassthemessagefromonetoanother.Aboyguardingcattle（放4：）onahillsidewhistlestoamanfishingfromhisboat.Thelastoneisabletodescribethetroublefullyandexactlytothedoctorintown.Peoplehelponeanotherinthesamewaywhenacarbreaksoracowislost.ThewhistleIanguageishundredsofyearsold,andprobablyitwillcontinuetoliveonforhundredsofyearsmore.RadioandTVoftenkillthespecialwaysofspeakinginthedifferentpartsofacountry.®ButonComerayouarenobodyifyoucannotwhistle.PerhapssoonafterTVarrivesontheisland,thepeopletherewillbewhistlingthenewsandotherfactsandopinions.根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1.IfapersononComeraislandisill,.A.otherswillphonethedoctorsintownB.thewhistleIanguagewillhelppassthemessagetothedoctorC.hisfamilywilltakehimtothehospitalD.peoplewilltakehimtotownbycarriage2.FromthispassageweknowradioandTVatthattime.A.killedthespecialwayofspeaking A.whistledallthenewsandopinionsB.helpedComerapeopletocommunicateC.didnotappearonComeraislandyet1.Comeraislandisspecialinthat.A.manyvisitorsgothereeveryyearB.novisitorshaveeverbeenthereC.peopletherehavespecialearstohearwhistlesD.peoplethereusethewhistleIanguagetocommunicatewitheachother2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.ItisnoteasyforapersontoliveonComeraislandifhecannotwhistle.B.ThewhistleIanguagecanonlybefoundinComera.C.ThewhistleIanguagehasbeenusedforhundredsofyearsontheisla门①butwillnotbeusedanylonger;D.Therecordshowsthatonebestwhistlercanbeheardbyotherssevenmilesaway.难句注释①ComeraistheonlyplaceintheworldwhichhasawhistleIanguage.Comera是世界上惟一使用口哨语言的地方。Totalwords:313Readingtime:Readingspeed:②RadioandTVoftenkillthespecialwaysofspeakinginthedifferentpartsofacountry.收音机和电视机的使用常常会使一个国家的不同地区的特殊讲话方式彻底消失。PassageD完形填空 （珠宝）shoponeday.He1tobuyapearl（珍珠）forhiswifesbirthday.The2didn"tmatter,sincebusinesshadbeengoodforhimthatyear.®After3anumberofbeautifulandexpensivepearls,hechose4blackone.Itwould55,000dollars・Hepaid,tooktheblackpearl,shookhandswiththesalesmanandleft.Afewdayslater;theman6andsaidthathiswifelikedthepearlsomuchthatshewantedanotheronejustlikethis.It7beexactlythesamesizeandquality（质量），8shewantedtohavea9ofearrings.Thesalesmanseemed10.Thenthemansuggestedthatthesalesmanadvertise（登广告）inthenewspaperto11SI25,000forsuchapearl.®Sothesalesmandid.Manypeople12theadvertisement（广告）/butnobody13apearlwhichwasjusttherightsizeandquality.Justwhenthejewelerhadgivenup,alittleoldladycameintohis14•Shetookoutonesuchblackpearl15herpurse.UIdon"tliketo16withthepearl/shesaidsadly.uItwasgiventomebymymother,whohadreceiveditfromher17mother.ButIreallyneedthe18.,zThesalesmanwasverygladandquicklypaidherforthepearl.Thenhecalledthe19totellhimthegoodnews.However;themancouldneverbe20•Cleverreaders,canyouguesswhy?根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1.A.reportedB.saidC.wishedD.knew2.A.colorB.designC.priceD.size3.A.examiningB.checkingC.testingD.watching4.A.abigB.agoodC.anexpensiveD.anunusual5.A.costB.payC.worthD.buy6.A.arrivedB.cameC.returnedD.stopped7.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.hadto8.A.asB.ifC.thoughD.when9.A.boxB.lotC.numberD.pair 1.A.joblessB.homelessC.helplessD.careless2.A.askB.giveC.offerD.pay3.A.answeredB.likedC.readD.saw4.A.boughtB.hadC.soldD.wanted5.A.roomB.houseC.officeD.shop6.A.fromB.ofC.offD.with7.A.dealB.goC.partD.talk8.A.dearB.poorC.oldD.own9.A.priceB.moneyC.poundD.interest10.A.oldladysofficeB.richmanshotelC.hisneighborshouseD.televisionstation11.A.foundB・boughtC・paidD・heard难句注释①Thepricedidntmatter;sincebusinesshadbeengoodforhimthatyear.因为那年他生意做得很好，所以价格对他来说不成问题。②ThenthemansuggestedthatthesalesmanadvertiseinthenewspapertoofferSI25,000forsuchapearl.然后那个人建议珠宝商在报纸上登一则广告，说提供25000美元买这样的一颗珍珠。PassageA从一九八三年计算机病毒首次被确认以来，至今全世界已发现近数万种病毒。本文介绍了一种被称为JerusalemViruses的计算机病毒的产生背景、发作时间及其后果。1.B.感染病毒的计算机速度减慢。2.C.由""justtoshowtheirintelligence"推知。3.C.本文最后一句暗示，现在人们还未找到消除计算机病毒的好办法。 1.C.科学家们正在想办法消除病毒。PassageB本文讲述了MrJacks。n学习使用外语的幽默故事。1.D.从""HedidntknowanyotherlanguagebutEnglish/"可以看出他没学过外语。2.C.根据""hewasoftenmisunderstood,/可知,MrJackson有时不能正确地和外国朋友交谈。failtodo意为""不能做某事〃。3.A.根据文章的最后一句话可猜出这位日本人的想法。PassageC本文讲述了Comera岛是全世界惟一一个运用口哨语言的地方，这种传统已有儿百年并且还将继续流传下去。1.B.由第二段可知，如果在哪个地方有人受伤或生病的话，人们会用口哨语言通知医生。2.D.由本文最后一句可知，这个地方还没有收音机或电视机。3.D.Comeraisland之所以特殊是因为当地的人用口哨语言来互相交流。4.C.根据第三段第一句话可知C选项与作者观点相悖。PassageD本文讲述了一个人精心策划骗局来骗钱的故事。1.C.他想给妻子买生日礼物。2.C.价格对他来说不成问题。3.A.这里examine是""仔细看"的意思。4.D.根据下文可知，这粒黑珍珠是与众不同的，很难找到一样的另外一粒。C选项、"贵的"不一定与众不同，也许很容易再找到一样的一粒。5.A.用cost或beworth来表示价格。6.C.动词return此处为""又回到该店"。7.D.此处应选hadto,因为两个耳环必须得一样。 &A.这里用as引导一个原因状语从句。9.D.apairofearrings意为""一副耳坏10.C.helpless意为""无能为力〃，因为从上下文中得知，珍珠不同寻常，很难寻到一样的。11.C.offer意为""报价；提供〃。12.A.answer此处意为""应(广告)13.B.没人有与这一样的珍珠。14.D.根据文章第一句屮的""jewelryshop"可得答案。15.A.从钱包中取出一粒。16.C.partwith意为""与分离"。17.D.两代相传下来。18.B.卖珍珠当然是为了钱。19.B.只有hotel和这个richman有关。20.A.原来是一场骗局。1.Totheirhorror;theyfoundoutthatmostoftheirstoredinformationwasgotridofbycomputerviruses!使他们惊恐的是，他们发现大部分储存的信息都被计算机病毒清除了。(Line6,PassageA)toone"shorror使某人感到恐怖的是。类似的短语还有:toone"sjoy使某人高兴的是toone"ssurprise使某人惊讶的是toone"ssadness使某人悲哀的是toone"sdelight使某人高兴的是Tomysurprise,shewasthemotheroftwochildren.令我惊讶的是，她是两个孩子的妈妈。Toherparentsjoy,shewonthefirstprizeforhercomposition.使她父母高兴的是，她的作文得了一等奖。2.SometimeshehadtousethebodyIanguageto""talk"withthem,andtriedhisbesttomakehimselfunderstood.有时他不得不使用肢体语言来和他们交 谈，想方设法把自己的意思讲明白。(Line3,PassageB)makehimselfunderstood让人明白。使役动词make后接动词形式做宾语补足语表示被动意义。类似的结构还有makeoneselfheard,makeoneselfseen等。女口:Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimselfheard.他提高声音以便别人能听见。Marystoodonherchairtomakeherselfseen・玛丽站在椅子上以让别人能看见她。