山东省滨州市2019年中考英语语法专项复习语法五代词语法考点剖析 12页

代词语法考点剖析考点一人称代词、物主代词及反身代词1.人称代词、物主代词及反身代词总表人称类别人称代词物主代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性名词性第_单数Imemyminemyself人称复数weusouroursourselves第二单数youyouyouryoursyourself人称复数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称单数hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherself复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves2•人称代词主格用作主语或表语，宾格用作宾语。要根据题干中的提示词,如mother,father,Lily,Tom等及语境判定应该用哪一人称。一Whereisdad?爸爸在哪儿？一Heisinthegarden.他在花园里。MissSmithisverykind.Wealllikeher.史密斯小姐非常和蔼，我们都喜欢她。3.名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词Mysisterlikespainting.Tt，soneofherhobbies.我妹妹喜欢画画，这是她的爱好之一。一Isthisyourbike?这是你的白行车吗？一No,it"sherbike.Mine(=Mybike)isunderthetree.不是，是她的自行车。我的(自行车)在树下。4.反身代词的固定搭配enjoyoneself玩得愉快learn/teach...byoneself自学dressoneself穿衣helponeselfto随便吃byoneself独自foroneself亲自 hurtoneself受伤proveoneself证明自己A.himB.himsclfC.herD.herself2.（2018•山东济南槐荫一模whatdoyouusuallydointheevening?——Iusuallydohomework.A.heB.himC.myD・mine3.（2018•山东济南商河二模）一IsthisyourEnglishbook?—No.isinmybag.A.MyB.MeC.MineD.Myselfkeep・・・tooneself保守秘密loseonselfin沉迷于；陶醉于，跟踪训练1.（2018•山东东营东营区模拟）—Youruncleisverygoodatcooking!Howdidhelearnit?HeTearneditbyjob4.（2018•山东荷泽巨野模拟改编）Jackusedtobeateacherinthisschool,buthegaveup二whenhewentabroad.A.himB.hisC.heD.himself5.（2018•j匕京大兴——模）Mybirthdayiscoming・Myparentswillgivesomenicepresents・A.mineB.IC.meD.my6・（2018•江苏南京中考）TheschoolsinQinhuaiDistrictwi11developthemuseumcoursessuitableforchildrenduringschooltime・A.theyB.theirC.themD.theirs7.（2018•四川南充中考改编）一Isthatyourmodelplane?—Yes,it"s•Mysistersentittome.A・myB・mineC.meD・our8.（2018•甘肃白银中考）Therearemanygoodteachersinschool.A.weB.himC.ourD.themselves9.（2018•江苏盐城中考）Weshouldprotecttheearthbecauseitishome. A・weB・usC.ourD.ours 7.（2018•江苏扬州中考）一Whoistheladyinred?一MissGao.SheteachesEnglish.A•weB.usC.ourD.ours考点二指示代词this/these,that/those1.this和these用于指距离较近的人或事物；that和those用于指距离较远的人或事物。Thispictureisclearandthatpictureisnotclear.这张图画清楚,而那张图画不清楚。2.打电话时用this做自我介绍，用that询问对方是谁。ThisisMaryspeaking.Who*sthat?我是玛丽，你是谁?3.that/those指代上文提到的名词。TheweatherinHangzhouismuchwarmerthanthatinHarbininwinter•村［州冬天的天气比哈尔［宾暖和多了。（that扌旨代theweather,避免重复）跟踪训练（1.（2018•贵州安顺中考）—Mr.Ilan,howistheweatherinAnshunnow,please?—Actually,itiscoolerthaninGuiyang.A.itB.thatC.thisD.those2.（2017•黑龙江龙东中考改编）AsforlearningEnglish,studentsthatreadalotcandomuchbetterthanwhodon，t.A.thatB.whichC.thoseD.whose考点三不定代词1•some与anysome与any均表示“一些J既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词some—般用于肯定句屮，若耍表Z5说话人希望得到肯定冋答或表示请求、建议，疑问句屮应用someany多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中;any用于肯定句吋意为“任何一个”—Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?你想要些咖啡吗?—Yes,please.好的，谢谢。 Therearen"tanystudentsintheclassroom.教室里没有学生。1.each与everyeach可以单独使用，侧重个别，可以与of连用，指两者或两者以上中的每一个，不可以与not连用；every不可单独使用，侧重全体，不可以与of连用，指三者或三者以上中的每一个，与not连用时，表示部分否定。Eachhashis/hergoodpoints.每个人都有自己的好点子。Iknoweverymemberofyourfamily.我认识你家的每个人。Noteveryonehasthechancetogotoschool.并不是每个人都有机会去上学。2.either与neithereither指两个人或物屮的一个，作主语时谓语动词用单数；neither指两个人或物中一个也不，作主语时谓语动词用单数。Thereareman,ytreesoneithersideofthestreet.在大街的两边有很多树。Neitherofthebooksisgood.这两本书都不好。3.both与allboth“两者都”,其否定词是neither;all“（三者或更多）全都”,否定词是none。Wearebothstudents,butneitherofus1ikessports.我们俩都是学生,但是都不喜欢运动。4.alittle,little,afew,fewalittle,afew表示肯定意义，little,few表示否定意义；alittle/little后接不可数名词，afew/few后接町数名词复数。5.other,theother,another,others,theothers的用法词语词义用法other泛指其他的跟单数或复数名词theother两个人或物中的另一个常构成one...theother...another另一个跟单数名词，或跟“数字+复数名词”others泛指另外的人或物是other的复数形式theothers特指一定范围中的其他所有相当于therest或"theother+名词复数”6.复合不定代词 somebody某人everybody每个人noone没有人anything任何事anybody任何人someone某人everyone每人nothing没有什么nobody没有人anyone任何人something某事everything每件事，跟踪训练1.（2018•内蒙古通辽中考）Moneyisimporiant,butitcan"tbuyespeciallyhappinessandhealth.A.anythingB.somethingC・everythingD・nothing2・（2018•上海屮考）Catherinehastwocousins.Oneisquiet,andisnoisy・A.anotherB.theotherC.otherD.others1.（2018•浙江温州中考）一Doyoulikerockmusicorlightmusic?—•T1ikeBeijingOpera.0.BothD.NeitherA.EitherB.None4•（2018•湖北黄石中考）WhenFlight3U833finallylandedinChengdu,ofwomencried.Fortunately,ofthe119passengersintheplanewerehurtintheincident（事件）.A.some;noneB.some;neitherC・any;noneD・any;neither5.（2018•四川成都中考改编）Asmilecosts,butgivesmuch,soalwayskeepsmiling!A.somethingB.anythingC.nothing・D.everything4.（2018•江苏扬州中考）一Wherewouldyouliketogotomorrow,BeijingorXi"an?—isOK.Itlsuptoyou.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.All考点四疑问代词单词词义用法who谁作主语、表语和宾语 whom谁作宾语，是who的宾格whose谁的作定语、主语、表语和宾语，是who的所有格形式what什么作主语、表语、宾语和定语which哪个作主语、表语、宾语和定语跟踪训练1-wouldyouliketogoshoppingwith?D.WhereA.WhichB.WhomC.What1.—isyoure-mai1address?—It，s%//7%7/7@163・com.A.WhoC.WhatA.HowD.Which2.—coatismorebeautifulthanyours?—Li1y"s.A.WhichB.WhoseC.WhoD.What考点五it的用法1.特指上文提到的同一事物。—Where"syouroffice?你的办公室在哪里?—It"sonthethirdfloor.在三楼。2.指不知性别的婴儿或人。—Whoisthepersonoverthere?那边的人是谁？—Itmaybethedoctor.可能是医生。3.指天气、时间、距离等。It"sabouteighto"clock.大约8点了。4.在固定句型屮作•形式主语。It.s+adj.+(forsb.)todosth.做某事(对某人来说)是……Itis+adj.+(ofsb.)todosth.(某人)这么做真是太…Tt"sone"sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事了It，stime(forsb.)todosth.是(某人)做某事的时候了 It"ssaid/believed/reportedthat...据说/人们认为/据报道……Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.某人花费多少时间做某事Itis/hasbeen+吋间段+since+从句（--般过去吋）自从……以来，已经有……时间了sb.+find/thinkit+adj.+todosth.某人发现/认为做某事是……的•跟踪训练1.（2018•广东中考）BoxingDay,the26thofDecember,got,namefromatimegaveboxesofgiftstopoorpeople,whohadtoworkatChristmas・A.it"sB.itsA.one"sD.one2.（2018•四川凉山中考）—Ican"tfindmyEnglishbook.Haveyouseen?一Oh,sorry.Ihavetaken,bymistake.A.them;myB.them;yourC.it;mineD.it;yours3.（2017•安徽中考）一IsthisiPadyours?—Yes.MyparentsboughtformyIanguagelearning.A.oneB.itC.otherD.another4.（2017•甘肃兰州中考）Doyouthinkacceptableforagroupofwomentodancetoloudmusiconthesquarenearyourhouse?A.itB.thatC.thisD.its5.（2017•贵州贵阳屮考改编）TheChinesegovernmenthasmadepossibleforpeopletolivehappy1ives・A.thatB.thisC.it0.one6.（2017•湖北黄石中考）ChinesepeoplefindourdutytohelpdevelopAfricancountries alongtheBeltandRoad（一带一路）.A.itB.thisC.thatD・these 7-（2017•湖北宜昌中考）一ItissaidthatTVprogramTheReaderwasquitepopular.一Yes,IwatchedateightlastSaturday.A.itB.themC.thatD.those8・（2017•江苏连云港中考）—IamplanningatriptoLianyungongthissummer..Howistheweatherthere?—Notsohot・Sometimesisabitcoolandwet.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one考点六one的用法1.one指代可数名词，既可指人，也可指物。Oneshoulddoones/hisbestal1thetime.-个人无论何时都应尽最大努力。Heisnotonewhoiseasyto.workwith.他不是一个容易合作的人。2.代替上文已出现过的单数可数名词，表示泛指意义，其复数形式是ones。Idon"tlikethissweater.Wi_llyoupleaseshowmeanotherone?我不喜欢这件毛衣。你能再给我拿一件吗?it特指上下文提到的对象是同一事物,one泛指上下文提到的同类事物中的一个，同类而不是同一个。跟踪训练1.（2017•山东泰安中考）一I"malittlehungry,Mom!一Therearesomeapplepiesonthetable.YoumaytakeA.itB.thisC.thatD.one2.（2018•江苏泰州中考）一Moreandmorepeoplegiveout"redpacketsvonWeChattocelebratefestivals.-That"strue-Ihavejustreceivedfrommyfriend.A.itB.thatC.oneD.them3.（2018•安徽中考）一Thefridgesareonsaleinthesupermarkettoday. C.thatD.them4.（2018•江苏宿迁中考）—Excuseme,Iwantsomebooks,butIcantfindabookshophere.—Iknowonmywayhome.Comewithme,please.A.thisB・oneC.itD.that5.（2018•内蒙古包头中考）Everyonecanhelpinwayoranothertomakeourcitymorebeautiful.A.anyC・everyB.oneD.either 参考答案【语法考点剖析】考点一1〜5BCCBC6〜10BBCCB考点二1〜2BC考占二P八、、—•1〜6CBDACA考点四1〜3BCB考点五1〜5BDBAC6〜8AAC考点六1〜5DCABB