六年级上册英语语法讲义形容词的比较等级牛津上海版（一起） 12页

学科教师：辅导科目：英语学员姓名:授课日期时间主题形容词的比较等级学习目标1•掌握形容词比较级最高级的规则及不规则变形2•掌握形容词比较级最高级的用法年级：六年级教学内容教学建议：请学生欣赏幽默故事，找出句中的形容词比较级、最高级.1.Whoisclosertoyou,yourmomoryourdad?Momiscloser,becausedadisfarther2.TheteacherlookedatTom"soutstretchedhands,andsaid,“atleastIknowyouareNo.1inonefield——youhavethedirtiesthandsinyourclass.”3.Whyisthelibrarythehighestbuilding?Ithasthemoststories.4.Whatisthebiggestthingintheworld?Eyelid・Theycancovereverythingintheworldonceyoushutyoureyes.Keys:closer,farther,dirtiest,highest,most,biggest,同学们想不想系统地学习一下形容词的比较级和最高级呢？想的，对吧。那请大家仔细地跟着老师一起在比较级最高级的海洋里遨游吧。【知识梳理1］形容词的比较等级1）规则变化类别构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般直接在词尾加-er,-estlonglongerlongest以e结尾时加・r,・stlatelaterlatest 以辅咅字母加y结尾时，把y变i,再加-er,・esteasyhappyeasierhappiereasiesthappiest以重读闭咅节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写词尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-estbighotthinfatbiggerhotterthinnerfatterbiggesthottestthinnestfattest多咅节词和部分双咅节词在原级刖加more,mostcarefulmorecarefulmostcarefulbeautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautiful2）不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastbad/badly/illworseworstoldolder（年纪较大的）oldest（年纪最大的）elder（较年长的）eldest（最年长的）farfarther（较远）farthest（最远）further（进步）furthest（最大限度）【巩固练习】请写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级。bigsmallnewtallshortoldweakstrongfathotcoldthinnicegoodhiphbadmuchlowwellfarlittlecheapeasyuglyheavy【知识梳理2】用法详解1•原级用法 1)有表示绝对概念的副词very,too,so,enough,quite等修饰时，用其原级。如：Theboyistooyoung.Heplaysthepianoverywell.2)表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词或副词的原级。肯定句中的结构:“A..・+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B"。女口：EnglishisasinterestingasChinese・HerunsasfastasJim.否定句中的结构：“A...+notas/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B"。如：LessonOneisiftas(so)difficultasLessonTwo.否定句的结构相当于less+形容词/副词原级+than。如：LessonOneislessdifficultthanLessonTwo.3)表示A是B的……倍时，A•….+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+BOurschoolisthreetimes/twiceasbigastheirs・Theredpencilishalfaslongasthebluepencil.【例题精讲】例1.Heistoo(young)togotoschool.例2.1amas(tall)asyou.例3.Ourclassroomistwotimesas(big)asyours<【巩固练习】LSheisveiy(nice)assheoftendomeafavor.2.Heisnotas(thin)asme.3.Thestickisthreetimesas(long)asthatone・4.Sheisnotso(careful)ashersister.Keys:tall,big,nice,thin,long,careful2.比较级用法1)表示两者进行比较时用形容词或副词的比较级，其结构为“A...+比较级+than+B如：Iamtallerthanyou.Hedidbetterthanme.注意：在比较时,要注意比较的对彖要一致。Mypencilislongerthanyours.(不用you)2)有表示程度的副词alittle,abit,alot,much,even,far等修饰时，用形容词/副词的比较级。如：It"smuchwarmertoday・Thisbottleisalittlebiggerthanthatone.3)在两者之间进行选择，“哪一个更”，用句型“WhichAVhois+形容词/副词比较级，AorB?”。如: Whoistaller,MikeorTed?Whichoneisthelonger,thepenorthepencil?1)表示“两者之间”最……的一个"(ofthcbvo)”时，常用“the+比较级”结构。如：Bobisthetallerofthetwoboys・Beingisthebiggerofthetwo.2)表示“越来越……”时，用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，句中有多音节词或部分双音节词时用"moreandmore+原级”结构。如:Theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarme匚Ourcountryisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.3)表示“越……就越……”时，用wthe+比较级，the+比较级”结构。如：Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.【例题精讲】例1.Herpencilis(long)thanyours.例2.Hecametoschooleven(late)thismorning・例3.Heisthe(thin)ofthetwoboys.例4.The(many),the(good).【巩固练习】LMyhouseis(big)thanhis.2.Hebecamemuch(lazy)thanbefore.3.It"sthe(heavy)ofthetwobooks・4.Asshegrowsup,shebecomesandbeautiful.5・The(hard)youwork,the(lucky)youwillbe.Keys:longer,later,thinner,more;better,bigger,lazier,heavier,moreandmore,harder;luckierIV.最高级用法1)表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用其最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词的最高级前可不加。句末常接一个in/of短语来表示范围。如：What"sthebestsportinsummer?LiDongsingsbestofthefourboys.形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时，不能再用定冠词the。如：LiMingismybestfriend.Thisisourbestlessontoday.2)表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用uWhich/Whoisthe+最高级，A,BorC?”。如：Whichisthemostbeautiful,Beijing,ShanghaiorGuangzhou? 1)表示“最……的之一”时，用"oneofthe+形容词最高级+可数名词的复数”结构。如：ZhouJielunisoneofthemostpopularsingers.2)形容词最高级前可加序数词，表示“第几最……”。女口：TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.3)形容词比较级结构可表示最高级含义。女山LiLeiisthetalleststudentinhisclass.李磊是他班里最高的学半。=LiLeiistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.=LiLeiistallerthantheotherstudentsinhisclass・=LiLeiistallerthananyoneelseinhisclass・=LiLeiistaller(hantherestofstudentsinhisclass.【例题精讲】例1・Hedrawsthe(good)ofthesethreestudents・例2.Chinaisoneof(famous)countriesintheworld.攸！)3・hishouseisthesecond(beautiful)houseIhaveeverseen.【巩固练习】LHeisthe(young)ofthethreebrothers・2.Shanghaiisoneofthe(developed)citiesinChina・3.Heisthe(kind)Ihaveevermet.4.Huangheriveristhesecond(long)riverinChina・5.Sheis(fat)thananyothergirlsinherclass.Keys:best,mostfamous.mostbeautifuhyoungest,mostdeveloped,kindestjongest,fatter(此部分测试时间为15分钟左右，讲评时间为10分钟左右。对本次所学内容进行检测)教学建议：此部分必须由班级学员合作完成。建议步骤为：1)在15分钟内学员独立完成测试；2)老师给出答案，学员相互批改；3)在10分钟内就错题学员间相互合作，讨论错题，保证每一位学员都懂；老师随机抽查，根据学生的整体表现给出此部分的班级得分(评分标准参考课堂激励评分标進 完成句子: 1•我比他高。Iamhe.2.这朵花比曲（朵花美。Thisfloweristhatone.3.他是所有人当中做得最差的。Hedidofall.4.六个女孩中，她吃了最少的牛肉。Ofthesixgirls,sheatebeef.5.Lucy是我最好的朋友。Lucyisfriend.选出正确的答案:1・ThispencilisA.longest2.Ithinkscienceisthanthatone.A.important3.Whojumped.A.higherB.longC.longerthanlanguage.Whatdoyouthink?B.moreimportantC.muchimportantofthetwoboys?D.aslongD.mostimportantB.highC・morehigh4.WhodidEnglishhomeworkbetter,LeoorNick?—Leoismorecareful.IthinkLeodidNick.D.HighestB.aswellasC.betterthanD・worsethan5.ManyChinesestudentsthinksciencesubjectsareforeignlanguages.A.moredifficultasB.lessdifficultthanC.muchdifficultthanD.sodifficultas6.—Whatisyourfavoritesport?—Swimming,Ithink.It"sofall.A・easierB・moredifficultC.themostinterestingD.themostboring词形及句型转换：1・Simonis(good)atEnglishthanAmy.2.Thebluecaris(expensive)ofall.3・Sheis(busy)inmyfamily.4.1thinkhikingis(interesting)thandiving.2.Heworks(hard)thanIdo.3.Theearthismuch(big)thanthemoon.4.——Iamtootiredtogoany(far).Whynothavearest?5.Theproblemisalittle(different)thantheotherone.6.上海比江苏任何一个城市都大。ShanghaiislargerthaninJiangsu.Amy比她班里的任何一个同学都苗条。Amyisslimmerthaninherclass.[Keys]1.tallerthan2.morebeautifulthan3・theworst4.theleast5.mybest [Keys]l.C2.B3.A4.C5.B6.C[Keys]1.better2.themostexpensive3.thebusiest4.moreinteresting5.harder6.bigger7.farther8.moredifferent9.anycityanyotherstudent教学建议：1、老师引导学生针对达标检测错题进行反思和总结；2、老师引导学生对精讲提升相关知识进行总结，可采用表格、思维导图等形式呈现。我的总结：1・形容词比较级的规则变化和不规则变化。2•形容词的原级比较级和最高级的用法。（一）原级用法：1）有表示绝对概念的副词very,too,so,enough,quite等修饰时，用其原级2）表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词或副词的原级。3）表示A是B的倍时，A+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B（二）比较级用法：1）表示两者进行比较时用形容词或副词的比较级，其结构为“A...+比较级+than+B如：2）有表示程度的副词alittle,abit,alot,much,even,far等修饰时，用形容词/副词的比较级。如I：3）在两者之间进行选择，“哪一个更”，用句型“WhichAVhois+形容词/副词比较级，AorB?”。如：4）表示“两者之间”最……的一个,9（ofthetwoP时，常用“the+比较级”结构。如：5）表示“越来越……”时，用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，句中有多音节词或部分双音节词时用“moreandmore+原级”结构。6）表示“越就越……”时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。如： （三）最高级用法：1）表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用其最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词的最高级前可不加。句末常接一个in/of短语来表示范围。女U：2）表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用“Which/Whoi$the+最高级，A,BorC?”。女口：3）表示“最……的之一”时，用“oneofthe+形容词最高级+可数名词的复数”结构。如：4）形容词最高级前可加序数词，表示“第几最……”。如：5）形容词比较级结构可表示最高级含义。女山（此部分内容包含本次课所学内容相关的练习题及综合练习题。建议题量保持在30分钟左右可以完成的范围内）I.Choosethebestanswer.1・——doyouhavePElessons?——Threetimesaweek.A.HowlongB.HowsoonC.HowmanyD.Howoften2.TheInternetisveryusefulforus.Wecanfindinformation.A.easyB.easilyC.hardD.hardly3.・■一Wherewouldyouliketogoonyoursummerholiday,Mike?-―FdliketogoA.nowhereinterestingB.interestinganywhereC.someinterestingD・interestingsomewhere4.Althoughsheusuallydances,wearestillworriedthatsheisnotfeelingtoday.A.good,wellB.well,goodC.good,goodD.well,well5.Beijinghasmanybusesthatthereisoftenatrafficjaminrushhours・D.much…Oh,sorry.A.soB.veryC.too6.■一Excuseme,Couldyoupleasenottalkinthemuseum?A.loudlyB.carefullyC.clearly7.Myparentswillgotherebytaxibecauseitisraining・A.badlyB.hardlyC.probablyD.heavily8.・—Mrs.Linisverypopularamongthestudents.…Yes,Herclassesarelivelyandinteresting.A.alwaysB.sometimesC.hardlyD.never9.…doyousendane-mailtoyourcousin?…Sometimes•A.HowlongB.HowmuchC.HowoftenD.Howsoon——Forabouttwoweeks.2.■一willyoustayinShenzhenforyourholiday?A・HowoftenB.HowlongCHowsoonD.Whattime11•Unluckily,Mr.Browndrovesothathiscarcrashedintoatreeyesterdaymorning.A・carelessB.careful12.—isyourgrandpa,Emma?A.WhenB.WhatC.carefullyD.carelessly―He"swateringtheflowersinthegarden.C.WhereD.How13.1thinkZhouLiboisoneamongalltheactorsinChina.A.funnyB.funnierC.funniestD・thefunniest14.Mikehasbeenworkinghardandnowheisoneofstudentsinhisclass・A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest15.-Whichdoyoulike,apearoranorange?—Anorange・A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest 14.一Whichbookdoyoulike,thisstorybookorthatscieneebook?一Thisstorybook・A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest15.—Whichdoyouthinkissubject,math,musicorart?—Art,Iguess.A.interestingB.moreinterestingC・mostinterestingD.themostinteresting16.Bobisacarefulboyandhedoesthingsthanhisbrother.A.carefulB.morecarefulC.carefullyD.morecarefully17.——Waitaminute・Ihavetotellyou.—Whatisit?A.somethingimportantB.importantsomethingC・anythingimportantD.importantanything18.Summeriscoming.Theweathergets•A.coldandcoldB.colderandcolderC・hotterandhotterD・hotandhotkeys:1-5BBCDA6-10ADACB11-15DCDDB16-20BDDACIILChoosethewordsorexpressionstocompletethepassage*Onenightahotelwasonfireandthepeopleinthehotelranouttheirnightclothes.Twoofthemwerestandingoutsidewatchingthefire.“Icameout/5saidone,“Irantosomeoftheroomsandfoundmoneythere.Peopledorftthinkofmoneywhentheyarefrightened.So1tookthepapermoneythatIcouldfind・“Youdon"tknowme,”saidtheotherman,"Iamapoliceman.”Thefirstmanlaughedandsaid,"DoyouknowwhoIam?Iama.Thesestoriesneverhappen：()l.A.haveB.wearC.putD.in()2.A.andB.orC.notD.no()3.A.BeforeB.AfterC.UntilD.First()4.A.manyB.alotofC.afewD.very()5.A.someB.allC.noneD.little()6.A.officeB.writerC・singerD.teacher[Keys]l.D2.A3.A.4.B5.B6.BWhenMartinwasasmallboy,helivedinthelittletownofHoltham.Thenhethoughtthetownwasabigp(1).Well,MartinwentbacktoHolthamlastweek.nIfsasmalltown!11hethought.Holthamhaschangedlittleduringthep(2)twentyyears.B(3)Martinhaschangedalo匸Hehasg(4)intoaman.He"snowinhism(5)thirties.Histhoughtsareaman"sthoughts,andheseesthingsinam(6)eyes.ThatdayMartins(7)inHolthamforfivehours.Hewalkedfromstreett(8)street.Hecouldseenofriends.WasHoltham,then,atownofstrangers?No.Martinsuddenlyu(9)itall.Onlyheh(10)wasastrangerinthetown.1.place2.past3.But4.grown5.Middle6.man"s7.stayed8.to9•understood10.Himself要求：朗读下面的幽默，找出特殊疑问句，并仿造句子。 下节课请同学们来分別朗读一下自己写的句子，表现优界的有积分奖励哦，当然还有老师的表扬哦。 HAI1thekidsmakefunofme/1theboycriedtohismother,MTheysayIhaveabighead."MDon"tlistentothem/1hismothercomfortedhim,HYouhaveabeautifulhead.Nowstopcryingandgotothenewlyopenedstoreforfortypoundsofpotatoes/1“Howlongdoesittaketogettothestorebybike?"“It"snotfar.YoucangothereonfooLTdon^tthinkweneedalotofpotatoes55“Justgoandgetthem”MButwhere"stheshoppingbag?”nIhaven"tgotone,useyourhat.H