六年级上册英语语法讲义情态动词牛津上海版（一起） 14页

学科教师：辅导科目：英语学员姓名:授课日期时间主题情态动词学习目标掌握九个情态动词的基本概念和用法年级：六年级教学内容处理上次课课后巩固作业及预习思考内容。1.上次课后巩固练习2.预习思考请根据对情态动词三兄弟的描述举例说明三兄弟在具体语境中的运用。情态动词三兄弟特技展—・Can:我办事能力强1.我可以表ZF能力，能，会。如：3.我能表示许可，有权利，可以。如：二.May:我交际比较广,1•我能表示可能，也许，如：2我能表示允许，可以，如：3.祝愿如：三.Must:我性格较倔準 1.必须haveto如：2.我能表示推测，很可能,如：（情态动词记忆口诀：情态动词两要点;动词原形跟后面,说话语气较委婉,can表”能力”may”许可”,must”责任"或”义务”，否定回答“neednf换;should"应该”,would”愿”,haveto”被迫“表客观.）情态动词的世界是什么样的呢？让我们一起去看看吧！！Keys:Icanswim.Ticketscanbepurchasedatthetheboxoffice.Hemaygoshoppinglater.Youmayparkyourcarhere・Mayyousucceed・Imustfinishmyworktoday.Hemustbeathomenow・情态动词基本概念及用法【知识梳理1】基本概念情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用，给谓语动词增添感情色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等的动词。产）不能单独作谓语，须和行为动词或系动词连用共同构成谓语;无人称和数的变化（haveto除外：hasto/hadto）；［形丿舌接动词原形（do/be）；具有助动词作用（可用来构成否定句，疑问句及简明回答）【知识梳理2】基本分类只作情态动词的有：must,can（could）,may（might）作情态动词也"J作实义动词的有：need,dare可作情态动词也可作助动词的有:will（would）,shall（should） 具有情态动词某些特征的有：haveto,oughtto,hadbetter【知识梳理3】用法详解1、情态动词基本用法(1)can/could表示能力，意为“能、会”。Twoeyescanseemorethanone.Couldthegirlreadshewenttoschool?⑵表示请求或允许，多用于口语中，意为“可以”，相当于may。Youcangonow.CanIhavealookatyournewpen?Heaskedwhetherhecouldtakethebookoutofthereading-room・⑶较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。Can(Could)youlendmeahand?注意：情态动词的过去式除了表示过去的时间这一用法外，更多时候表达一种比原形更为委婉客气的语气。尤其在出现在宾语从句主句中时，并不影响从句的时态。练习：用can或could填空.例l.rmreallyhungry.Ieatahorse!例2・Ifssonicehere・IstayherealldaybutIhavetogo.【巩固练习】1.HIcan"tfindmybag.Haveyouseenit?”"No,butitbeinthecar.n2.Peterisamusician.Heplaystheviolinandhealsoplaythepiano.3.Theweatherisnicenowbutitchangelater.4.1speakEnglishverywell.ButIcanspeakChinesewell.5.Yougototheparkifyouhavetimetomorrow.6.Westudywell讦westudyhard.keys:couldcouldcouldcancouldcaiftcancan2)may/might⑴表允许，might可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。Youmaytakewhateveryoulike.HetoldmethatImightsmokeintheroom• May(Might)Iaskforphotoyourbaby?⑵表示祝愿，常用于倒装结构中：Mayyousucceed!祝你成功！Mayallyourdreamscometrue!愿你梦想成真!例1・一IborrowyourMP3?一Sure・Hereyouare・A.MayB.Should例2血goandaskMeimei.SheA.must;canB.must;mayC.Mustknowtheanswe匚C.need;canD.WouldD.can;may【巩固练习】1.I"mnotsureifFllbefreethen.Iworkingthatweekend.A.mustbeB.shouldbeC・maybe2.—IvisitLucyonSunday,Mum?—Yes,you.A.Must;canB.May;mayC.Need;need3.Petercomewithustonight,butheisn"tverysureyet.A.mustB.mayC.canD.canbeD.May;needD.Will[Keys]ADCBB3)must⑴表示“必须”、“应当”。Wemustloveourcountry.我们要热爱祖国。Imusttakeadayofftomorrow.我明天必须请一天假。⑵must的否定式(mustn^)表示"不应该”、"不许可”、“不准”、“禁止”等，语气比较强烈。Youmustn"tspeakloudlyinthelibrary.不许在图书馆大声喧哗。Wemustn"twasteourtime•我们不应该浪费时间。例1.Thechildrenplayfootballinthestreet.A.can"tB.canC.mustn"t例2.Yougoandseeadoctoratoncebecauseyou"vegotafever.A.canB.mustC・mustn"t【巩固练习】D.mustD.would1・Yousmokeintheschool.A.cantB.canC.mustn"tD・must 2.Youtakecareofyourself.A.canlB.can3.Ourenvironmentbepaidattentionto.C.muslrflA.can"tB.canC・mustn^D.MustD.mustKeys:CBCDD4)need⑴作情态动词时，接动词原形。仅用于否定句和疑问句，否定直接加not(needift)一Needweleavesoon?一Yes,youmust.(No,youneedn"t)didn"lneed)Youneednlhavehunied・⑵作实义动词时，接带to的不定式。否定和疑问借助助动词完成(如didyouneed?Heneedstoseeadoctor.Theydidn"tneedtostartsoearly.(donotneedtodo)用need或needto填空例1.DoIhavetofinishmyhomeworktoday?No,you例2.Wetotakeataxirightnoworwewillbelate.【巩固练习】1.Youdon"tgotoschooltodayasifsSunday.2.Wetoseeheroffasherfriends.3・Theymendthemachinebecauseitbrokedown.Keys：needn"t,need,don"tneedto,need,need5)shall表征询意见，用于第一、第三人称疑问句。ShallIgetsometea?Shalltheboywaitoutside?Whatshallwedothisevening?例1・wegototheparktomorrow?A.ShallB.When例2.Whatwedonext?A.couldB.might【巩固练习】1.wegotoKTVthisevening?A.couldB.might2.Ireadthebooktoday?C.WhyC.mustC.mustD.ShouldD.shallD.shall D.shall□.shallA.couldB.mightC.must1.WhereIgotospendmyholiday?A.couldB.mightC.mustKeys:ADDDD4)will⑴表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句。Iwilldoanythingforyou.Noneissoblindasthosewhowon"see.⑵表请求，用于疑问句。Willyouclosethewindow?It，sabitcold.Won"tyoudrinksomemorecoflee?(3)表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。Fishwilldieoutofwater.Thedoorwon"open.例l.Wehelpyoulater.Pleasewaitforaminute.D.willD.mayD.can"tD.shouldD.mayA.MayB.mightC.must例2.Hebewillingtostayhereforlong.Hedon"tliketheclimatehere.A.mustrftB.won"tC.will【巩固练习】A.willB.canC.woift2.Itbecoldhereinwinter.A.mustB.shallC.will3.youlendmeyourbookplease?A.mustB.shallC.willLPeoplebeoutofbreathiftheyruntoofast.Keys:DCACC5)would⑴表意愿。IsaidIwoulddoanythingforyou.⑵表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。Wouldyoulikeanotherglassofbeer?Wouldyoumindcleaningthewindow?Theywouldn"thaveanythingagainstit.⑶表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。Everytimeshewasintrouble,shewouldgotohimforhelp. 例1.Wedoourbesttoimproveourselves.A.wouldB.won"t例2.youmindmyclosingthewindow?A.WouldB.Will【巩固练习】C.mayC.CanD.mightD.CouldLHegetlipearlyinthemorningwhenhewasyoung.A.wouldB.won^tC.mayD.might2.1likegotothelibrarytomorrow・A.wouldB.willC.mayD.might3.Hesaidhedoanythingtohelpme.A.wouldB.shallC.canD.mayKeys:ABAAA8）should⑴表义务。意为“应该”（某件事宜于做），用于各种人称。Youshouldbepolitetoyourteachers・Youshouldn"twasteanytime.⑵表推测，意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等。Thefilmshouldbeverygoodasitisstarringfirst-classactors.Theyshouldbehomebynow.例1.We_takcgoodcareofourhearthasit"sveryimportant.A.ShouldB.couldC.mightD.mustn^t例2.Thebookbeveryworthreading.A.ShouldB.shallC.couldD.shallnot【巩固练习】1.Weobeythetrafficrules・A.ShouldB.shallC.couldD.shallnot2.Animah>dieoutifthereisnoforest.A.ShouldB.shallC.couldD.shallnot3.Theycomebackhometomorrowastheysaidbefore.A.shouldB.shallC.couldD.shallnotKeys:AAAAA9）oughtto⑴表义务，意为“应该”（因责任、义务等该做），口气比should稍重。Youarehisfather.Yououghttotakecareofhim.Yououghtn"ttosmokesomuch・⑵表推测，暗含很大的可能，语气较弱。HanMeioughttoknowhistelephonenumbe匚 There"safinesunset;itoughttobeafinedaytomorrow.例LAsastudent,youfollowtheschoolrules.A.oughttoB.couldC.oughtnotto例2.ThispenbeMary"s.Ihaveseenherwritingwithitbefore・A.caiftB.mighttoC.mustn^t【巩固练习】1.Childrenlookaftertheirparentswhentheyareold.A.canB.couldC.oughtto2.Fromtheweatherreport,itraintomorrow.A.canB.oughttoC.might3.Thethiefbeatallandthinmanfromthecamerawhichprovidedbythepolice.A.oughttoB.couldC.mightKey:CDCBAD.canD.oughttoD.mayD.couldD.can"tA.shouldn"ttoB・oughttonot2.Let"splaytabletennis,9■A.willweB.shallwe1.Heeatsogreedily.C.oughtnotD.oughtn"ttoC.shan"tweD.willyou.C.OughtD.Should（此部分测试时间为10分钟左右，讲评时间为10分钟左右。对本次所学内容进行检测）教学建议：此部分必须由班级学员合作完成。建议步骤为：1）在8分钟内学员独立完成测试；2）老师给出答案，学员相互批改；3）在5分钟内就错题学员间相互合作，讨论错题，保证每一位学员都懂；4）老师随机抽查，根据学生的整体表现给出此部分的班级得分（评分标准参考课堂激励评分标准）情态动词练习：选择填空。3.—youpleasetakeamessageforhim?-Sure. A.WillB.Shall 1.Pleaseerasethewordsandphrasesfromtheblackboardafterclass,D.doityouA.canyouB.willyouC・doyou2.一youturningdowntheradioabit?-Notatall.A.Would...mindB.Would...likeC.Will...youD.Had...better3.一-wehaveawordwithSusan?…Yes,wetalktohim.A.Shall...shallB.Shall...shouldC.Should...shallD.Should...should4.—Igotherealone?—Yes,youought.A.Do...oughtB.Will...ought&…youtohavesomepudding?一Yes,please.A.Had...betterB.Ought.../C.Ought...toD.Ought.../C.Would...likeD.Would...mind9.You，dbetteryouknowwhenyoudon"tandifsbetterforanelectrician.A.nottopretend..・tosendC.nottopretend...send10.一ShallItellMichaelaboutthenews?—No,you.He"salreadyknownit.can"tB.mustn"tB.notpretend...sendD・notpretend...tosendC・needn"tD.don"tkeys:1-5DBABA6-10BCCDC教学建议：1、老师引导学生针对达标检测错题进行反思和总结；2、老师引导学生对精讲提升相关知识进行总结，可采用表格、思维导图等形式呈现。我的总结 我的总结：1•情态动词基本概念：情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用，给谓语动词增添感情色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等的动词。1.情态动词的基本分类：3•情态动词的用法详解：can9may,must9will9would9oughtto，shall八vould，need的含义和用法（此部分内容包含本次课所学内容相关的练习题及综合练习题。建议题量保持在30分钟左右可以完成的范围内）I.Choosethebestanswer.1.Youbemorecarefulnexttime・A.havetoB.MayC.MustD.hadto2.Whatforyou?A.shallIdoB.ImaydoC.canIdoD.mustIdo3.IwaterthetreesonTuesday?No,youneedn"t・A.CanB.MustC.MayD.Shall4.Youtothemeetingthisafternoonifyouhavesomethingimportanttodo.A.needn"ttocomeB.don"tneedcomeC.dorftneedcomingD.needn"tcome5・Itraintomorrow・A.canB.mustC・shouldD.may6.1finishthisbeforeIgo.A.mustB.doC.MayD.shall5.Themeetingbeginsateighto"clock・Webelate.A.mustn"tB.needn"tC・maynotD・cannot6.youbehereateighto"clocktomorrowmorning?A.WouldB.ShouldC.CanD.Could9.ItbedifficulttolearnJapanese・A.ShallB.mustC.shouldD.need10.IhaveatalkwiththePartySecretarynow?A.WillB.DidC.MayD.CanA.mayB.didC・didnotD.am A.cameB.mightcomeC.mustcome17.1askyourname?A.CanB.CouldC.Should18・youbehappy!A.MayB.CanC.Must19.Johnstudiedhardthathetheexamination.A・willpassB.maypassC.passes20.nMustwecometomorrow?”nTD.musthavecomeD.MightD.WouldD.wouldpassA.No,youcan"tB・No,youneedrftC.No,youmustD.No,youmayKeys:CCBDDACCBCCAADBCDABBI.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords』根据短文内容，用适当的词填空)Beingaloneinouterspacecanbefrightening.Thatisonereasonwhyastronautsonsolo(单3虫的)spaceflightsweregivenplentyofworktokeepthem1•Theywerealsoinconstantcommunicationwithpeopleontheearth.2beingwithpeoplefromwhomyoucannotgetawaymightbeevenharderthanbeingalone・Thisiswhathappensonlongsubmarine(潜水艇)voyages.Itwillalsohappenon3spaceflightsinthefuture.Willtherebespecialproblemsofadjustmentundersuchconditions?Scientistshavestudiedthereactionsofmentooneanotherduringlongsubmarinevoyages・Theyhavefoundthatthelongerthevoyagelasts,themoreserioustheproblemof4is.Whenmenare5togetherforalongperiod,theybegintofeeluneasy.Everyonehaslittlehabitsofspeakingandbehavingthatareordinarilyacceptable.Inthelimitedspaceoveralongperiodoftime,however,theselittlehabitsmaybecomevery6•D.busyD.ThereforeD.directD.healthD.pickedupD.valuable()1.A.tired()2.A.Sofar()3.A.long()4.A.fuel()5・A・shutup()6・A.pleasingB・asleepA.AfterallA.fastA.entertainmentB>heldupA.annoyingB.consciousB.HoweverB.dangerousB.adjustmentC・broughtupC.commonKeys:DCACAII.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.Airisveryimportanttoeverythingthatlives.Buttheairwebreatheisg]dirty.Peopleallovertheworldarelookingforw2tomakeitcleanagain.Haveyoue3watchedthesmokefromchimneysrisinghighintheair?Haveyous4thesmokefromcarsandtrucksonroadsorthesmokefromplanes?Thesmokeisnotg5tobreathe.Ifwewanttokeepwellandstrong,weneedtobreathec6air.W7moreandmorefactorieseverywhereandmoreandmorecars,trucksandplanes,itisgettingharderandhardertodowiththeairp8