毕业论文(设计）--浅谈英语谚语翻译 17页

JIUJIANGUNIVERSITY毕业论文（设计）题目浅析英文谚语翻译英文题目OnEnglishTTanslationofProverbs院系外国语学院专业商务英语姓名陆怡年级外A0721指导教师候伯华 二零一零年五月AbstractBecauseofthedifferencesofreligiousbeliefs,habitsandcustoms,fablesandmyth,andcultureandart,EnglishproverbsandChineseproverbscarryonthedifferentnationalculturalcharacteristicsandinformation.Proverbsarecloselylinkedwithculturaltraditionandtheyareinseparable・Theculturalelementsofproverbscausethedifficultyoftranslationofproverb・Thisthesisistryingtomakesomeexplorationabouttheproverb,anditstranslation.Keywords:category；translationmethod;culturecontrast由于不同的宗教信仰、风俗习惯、寓言神话以及文学艺术诸多方面的差异，英、汉谚语承载着不同的民族文化特色和不同的文化信息。他们与文化传统紧密相连，不可分割。言语中的文化因素构成了翻译中的闲难。直译，意译，或者直译与意译相结合，则要根据具体的语言环境来定。本文通过对英文谚语的分类和对中西文化的对比，就英语谚语及其翻译做一些探索。关键词：谚语分类；翻译方法；文化对比ContentsABSTRACTI摘要II INTRODUCTION11WHATISPROVERB?11.1TheDefinitionofProverb11.2TheCategoriesofProverb2[1]FromProductionExperiences2[2]FromLifeExperiences2[3]FromMasterpiecesandMottos31.2.4FromtheBible3125ThConveytheTruth31.2.6LoanProverb42THECOMPARISONOFCHINESEANDENGLISHPROVERB52.1SubauditionofProverb52.2Religion62.3Values62.4HistoryandCulture73METHODSOFPROVERBSTRANSLATION73.1LiteralTranslation83.2FreeTranslation93.2.1FreeTranslationindifferentEnglishandChineseproverbs93.2.2FreetranslationinsimilarproverbsinEnglishandChinese103.3CombinationofLiteralandFreeTranslation104CONCLUSION11BIBLIOGRAPHY12ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS13 批注[Ul]:(introduction加入章节号批注[U2]:arcconnectedProverbisashortpithysayinginfrequentandwidespreadusethatexpressesabasictruthorpracticalprecept.Proverbisatreasureofliteraturewhichcomesfrompeople"sdailylife.Ilsparkleswiththewisdomofhuman"sthoughtsandexperiencesfromtheancienttimestothemoderntimes.Whal"smore,ithasenrichedthelanguagesoflotsofcountries.Inaword,proverbisaslivelyaspoem,assteadyasessayandasterseasidiom・Sincethedifferencesonhistory,religionandcustom,theproverb(connects!withitsownculturesteadilyandcarriestheuniqueinformationandfeatureineachlanguage・WhentranslatingEnglishproverbs,theattentionshouldbepaidtodelivertheexactmeaning,meanwhilethelanguagecharacterhasalsotobeconcerned.ThoughEnglishandChinesearetotallytwodifferentlanguages,buttheyhavemuchincommononproverb,forinstant,proverbsintwolanguagesarebothsimpleandalive;mostofthemrhymewithtidystructuresandvividmetaphor.Ontheotherhand,ProverbiskindsofreflectionofculturethatconveythefeaturesofacountryaswellasthetranslationofEnglishproverb.Asweknow,thebothtwolanguageshavecenturies-oldhistory,religionandliterature・SoproverbslearningcanbeagoodwaytounderstandEnglish-speakingcountries.批注[U3]:加入引文出处Mr.ZhuGuangqiansays:卜ThemostdifficulttounderstandandtranslateaboutforeignliteratureistheassociatedmeaninguIthasthespecificemotionalatmosphere,quitedeepanddelicate;youmaynotfinditinthedictionary，butitisveryimportanttoliterature.Ifwedon^tknowthehabitsandcustomsaswellastheculturalhistoricbackground,we"llbeatsea,especiallywhenwetranslatetheassociatedmeaning：Byanalyzingthesortofproverb,onecanunderstandthefeatures,subaudiencesandalsotheauthorcategorizesproverbintoseveralsections,fromgeography,custom,andculturetocomparethedifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishproverbs・Throughthestudyofproverb,goodunderstandingmaybewellappliedtothetranslationofproverbs.Asforthemethodsoftranslation,suchasliteraltranslation,freetranslation,orthecombinationoftwowaysoftranslationwhichdependonthefeaturesoflanguageandculturalbackgroundoftheproverbs・[10]WhatisProverb?TheDefinitionofProverb—批注[U4]:前面加•句引言“Aproverbisabrieffamiliarmaximoffolkwisdom,usuallycompressedinform,ofteninvolvingaboldimageandfrequentlyajinglethatcatchesthememory."(NY:Longman,1976:889)"Aproverbisashortsayingincommonusethatstrikinglyexpressessomeobvioustruthorfamiliarexperience."(NY:MacmillanGeneralreference,1988:1083)Soproverbisconsideredasapopularjhortsayingwithwordsof adviceorwarningwhichiscreatedamongpeopleasagieatintellectualachievementfromtheirunderstandingofthenatureandsociety.Proverbiscommononstyle,neatonstructure,vividonlanguageandprofoundonmeaning・"Proverbisthedaughterofdailyexperience.^“Aproverbismuchmatterdecoctedintofewwords.^（JinHuikang,2004:421）Asalegacyofancestors,proverbcontainstheexperiencesthattheancestorshaveconcludedorthewisdomsoftruth.Fromthedefinitionsabovewemayfindoutthatproverbisageneraltruthandgivesadviceandwarningwhichinvolvesaboldimage,musicalrhymeorcompressedformandbringsrealityandvividnesstothereadersandsotheyareeasytomemorize・TheCategoriesofProverbProverbcanbeseenasabrillianttreasuretoaculture,itreflectseveryaspectofonesociety.However,suchmanyproverbscanbedividedintocategories・FromProductionExperiencesLanguagedevelopsalongwiththesocietyaswellastheproverb・LotsofEnglishproverbsarecreatedbyfarmersfromthepredictionoftheagriculturalproductionandtheweathersincetheytiesupwiththecropsandweathe匚Theseproverbsaretheexperiencesoftheiryearsoffarmingwhichiscloselyrelatedtothereharvestandhappiness,sotheyknowsthemverywell.Forexample:WhenAprilblowsitshorn,itsgoodbothforhayandcorn.（四川打雷，谷草成堆）Itneverrainsbutitpours.（不雨则已,—雨倾盆）Makehaywhilethesunshines.（晒草要趁晴天）Ayearofsnow,ayearofplenty.（瑞雪兆丰年）Hethatbytheploughwouldthrive,himselfmusteitherholdordrive.（想要种地发家，就得扶犁赶马）FromLifeExperiencesThereareakindofproverbsthatembodiesthehappiness,joy,tearsandpain.Someareevenbloody:Howsharperthanaserpent"stoothitistohaveathanklesschild（逆子无情甚于蛇蝎）・Thisisaproverbthatahciirtbrokenfatherdescribeshisviciousson.Wecanimaginetheevilfaceofthesonandthepoorparentswhoareleft unattendedwithoutcare,waitingfordeath.Warisdeathsfeast（战争是死亡的宴席）・Inallages,warisallaboutdeaths,brokenfamilies.Isn"tthewarisexactlyafeastofdeath?Hethattaughtthemalltheirtrickskeptoneforhimself（教人百艺留一艺）.Thisonemaybeconcludedfromtherealstoryoftheungratefulstudentwhobetrayedhisownteacher.FromMasterpiecesandMottosBritainisanoldEuropeancountryaffectedbyancientRomeandGreeceandfamousofherachievementonliterature.Themottosarewidelyreadbypeoplefromallovertheworld;Shakespeareisoneofthemostfamouswriters.Peoplehavesummarizedmanyproverbsfromhismasterpieces.Brevityisthesoulofwit.（简洁是智3的灵魂）-HamletOneswallowdoesnotmakeasummer.（只燕不成夏）Lendyourmoneyandloseyourfriend.（钱财借出，友谊丧失）.HamletSomehooksaretohetasted,otherstobeswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested.（一些书可以品味，另外一些町以吞食，少数一些书可以咀嚼和消化）FromtheBibleBritainisaChristiancountryreinedbythearchyaswellastheKingforalongperiodinthehistory.ForthisreasonthereareplentyofEnglishproverbsderivedfromtheBible.Aneyeforaneye,atoothforatooth.（以牙还牙,以眼还眼）.ThisproverbisaquotationfromExodus21:23-27inwhichapersonwhohastakentheeyeofanotherinafightisinstructedtogivehisowneyeincompensation.Freelyyouhavereceived,freelygive.（白白的得来，也要白白的舍去）.ThisoneisaquotationfromMatthew10:8・Itmeansthatoneshouldletthefreethingsgosinceheneverpaysforthem.Therearemoreexamples:Whoeverdigsapitmayfallintoit.（挖陷坑的，自己必掉在其中）Whoeverquarriesstonesmaybeinjuredbythem;whoeversplitslogsmaybeendangeredbythem.（凿开石头的，必受损伤；擘开木头的，必遭危险）Morestrengthisneededbutskillwillbringsuccess.（得智慧指教,便有益处）ToConveytheTruthBytheformingofthecivilizationandthesocietypeoplestruggleagainstthenatureas wellasthepeoplethemselves・Graduallysomeprinciplesareacceptedbythemassesandthoseprinciplesspreadfarandwidesothatmoreandmorepeopleacknowledgethemasthetruth.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.（冇志者事竟成） ItisoneofthemostfamousEnglishproverbswhichencouragespeoplenottoloosefaithsincethestrongwillleadsonetosuccess・Ifyouhavetheinclinationanddeterminationforsomething,youwillalwaysbeabletofindawaytowardthegoal.Thereisnothinghopelessorimpossibleifyouareresoluteenough.Theproverbhasbecomeanacceptedwisdomforitsspread.（MartinHManser,2002:277）Therearemoreexamples:Amothersloveneverchanges.（母爱永不变）Honestypays.（诚实必冇好报）Timeismoney.（时间就是金钱）Historyrepeatsitself.（历史往往亟演）Cheatsneverprosper.（骗人发不了财）LoanProverbBritciinisacountrywithdevelopednavigationtechnologyfromofoldanditfrequentlyconnectswithothercontinentandcountries・LatinusedtobepopularinEnglandandFrenchwasoncetheofficiallanguageofEngland・Therefore,thereareafewproverbsfromLatinandotherlanguageswhichreservetheirthoughtsandwisdoms.Nothingcomesfromnothing.（无风彳、起7良）一LatinproverbPutthecartbeforethehorse・（木末（到登）一FrenchproverbArtislong,lifeisshort.（艺术永存，工命短•暂）-LatinproverbBurntbairnsdreadthefire.（—朝被蛇咬三年怕井绳）-RussianproverbAppetitecomeswitheating.（u口越吃越大）-Frenchproverb [10]ThecomparisonofChineseandEnglishproverb2>1SubauditionofProverbSomeproverbshaveasubaudition,connotativeandprofound・Ifwetranslatethemliterallyandignoretheoriginalmeanings,theversionwouldfailtoconveytheprecisemeaningoftheoriginalandmeanwhiletheliquidandfluentwordsbecomedeadanddull.Therefore,theChineseproverbwhichhasapproximatemeaningwouldmaketheversionvividandaccurate.Forexample,themanwhoisborninastableisnotahorsemeansapersondoesnotnecessarilyhavethestereotypicalcharacteristicsoftheplacewhereheorshewasborn,ifonetranslateitlikethis"在马厩里出生的人不是马"thenpeoplemaybeconfusedbutiftheversiongoeslikethis"鸡窝甲."J以飞出金宓（凰"thenthereaderunderstandsatonce・Translatinginfairweatherpreparefor批注（U5］：柯mthefoulto""未雨绸缪”or"居安思危ismuchbetterthan"晴天要防阴天Translatingaman"swordisasgoodashisbondto"人的话是契约"istoodulland"‘一言既出，驷马难追"wouldbemoreprecise.SomeEnglishproverbsusecontrastasarhetoricaldeviceinordertoemphasizethemoodandconvincepeople・E.g.:youmaytakeahorsetothewaterbutyoucan7makeitdrink.Ifonetranslateitlikethis"你可以把马牵到河边去,但不能叫它饮thesharpcontrastwouldbeneglected・Inthiskindofsituation,theversionshouldbeneatandcontrastive•"牵马河边易,逼它饮水难”or"老牛不喝水,不能强按头Differentproverbsrefertodifferentethicsandphilosophy,practicemakesperfectandallworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboythistwoproverbsconveytotallydifferentviewonstudyandwork,theformeremphasizesonhardworkingwhilethelatterprefersabalancebetweenworkandleisure.Youarenevertoooldtolearnandyoucan"tteachanolddognewtricksalsomakepeopleconfused・Theformerinsiststhatoldpeopleshouldkeepleamnewthings-aphilosophyoftolearnuntildeath;thelattermeansthatoldpeoplemightfailtolearnnewknowledgeandskill,theeffectisaffectedbyage・SomehaveobviousdifferencesonlanguagecharacterandculturebackgroundandatthesametimetheobjectofthemetaphorisquitedifferentJHowevertheyare批注（U6J：语法identicalonsubaudiences.|Whenwetranslatethiskindofproverbs,tomaintainthe.批注心7］：语法subaudienceandchangetheformisagoodidea・Theversionconveystheoriginalmeaningandholdsthe structure・Twocanplaythe（孤掌难鸣）；speakofthedevil,andheappears（说曹操，曹操就到）；thegrassisgreenerontheothersideofthehill（这山望着那山高）.ReligionBothEnglishandChineseproverbsaredeeplyaffectedbyreligionsthought,buttherearealsodistinctions.EnglishproverbisaffectedbyChristianitywhichreflectstheethicsandrules・E.g.:Norespecterofpersons.（一视同仁）Manproposes,Goddisposes.（谋事在人成事在天）AndtheChineseproverbisrelatedtoConfucianism,BuddhismandTaoism,forexample:u养儿防老,积谷防饥”isthethoughtsofConfucianism,"不看僧面看佛面”isfromBuddhismand"饶人不是痴,过后讨便宜”referstoTaoism.Religionisanaspectofpeopledspirituallife;itmaydeeplyaffectanation.TherearealsomanyproverbsaboutreligionsofChineseandEnglishproverbs.InChinesewehave"借花献佛”,"无事不登三宝殿”,"乐极生悲"andetc.ThethoughtsofConfucianismoccupyanimportantplaceaswell.Theancestorshadleftgreattreasures:“严于律己，宽以待人”，“恭敬不如从命"，“身在福中不知福"and“天下兴亡匹夫有责二InwesterncountriespeoplebelieveinGod,Godistheonlyspiritwithsupremacy.SotherearealsoplentyofproverbsrelatedtoChristianity:Naturedoesnothinginvain.（造物主无所不能）;Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.（上帝帮助自助的人）;Intherightchurch,butinthewrongpew.（进对了教堂，但坐错了椅子）ValuesThethemeofwesternvalueisindixddualism,relativetothesociety,theyemphasizeontheself-relianceandliberty.Don"tputyourfingerinthepie.Ittellspeopletocareabouttheirownbusinessbutnottointerferetheothers・Tryingtobeefficientandoptimisticistheirattitudeontime・Theproverbtimeismoneyissimilarto“一寸光阴一"寸金"literally,buttheformerstatesanimpressiontocreatewealthasmuchasonecouldwithinalimittime・Punctualityisthesoulofbusinessreflectsanattitudeoftime.Affectedbyindividualism,thewesternerspaycloseattentiontotheprivacyastheage,income,religionisallseenassecret.JustliketheproverbofAnEnglishman"shomeishiscastle・TraditionallyChinesepeopledonothavethatmany“secrets".Comparewiththeindividualism,Chinesepeopleadvocatecollectivismforthethousandsofyearsofdominationbythefeudaldynasties.u一个好汉三个帮and"众人扌令柴焰高"embodiesatypicalpowerofcollectivity. HistoryandCultureIntheEnglishandChineseproverbs,lotsofwordsarerelatedtospecifichistoryandculturebackground.Soagoodunderstandingofthebackgroundisnecessary.ThefollowingtwoproverbshavethesimilarmeaningbuttheformerisrelatedtoChristianityandthelatterisabouthistory・Speakofangelsandyouwillheartheirwings.说曹操，曹操就到.TheproverbLoveisBlindwhichisderivedfromwesternmythologyEroscompareswith1ft人眼里出西施theChineseversionhasanobvioushistoricaltrace.Thebreadneverfallsbutonitsbutteredsideand"‘人倒霉，吃豆腐也塞牙""showsdifferentstylesofliving.Don"tcarrygoalstoNewcastleand"耍倒贩槟榔到广东”aresimilarbutwithdifferentbackgrounds.Newcastleisacoal-shippingportinBritciinandGuangdongisrichinarcca・Furthermore,therearcEnglishandChineseproverbssinceoneisfromdailylifeandtheotherisfromhistoryorculturebackground:Menleapoverwherethehedgeislowestand"雷公打豆腐，专拣软的欺"；Twoheadsarebetterthanoneand"三个臭皮匠赛过诸葛亮”[10]MethodsofproverbstranslationSincelanguageisawaytoexpressculture,theChineseandEnglishproverbreflectstheirculturalfeatures・Thepuiposeoftranslationistoexpressthemeaningoftheoriginalarticlefaithfully・Asculturesarenotidentical,bdthetranslatorshould批注（u8］：删去noticethesubaudiancewhichisthemeaningoftheproverb.Literaltranslationandfreetranslationarctwomodernandprovedmethodsoftranslationandtheauthorthinksthesetwoarenotisolated,whichmeanstheyarecloselyconnected・Wecannotsayatranslationiscompletelyliteralorfree,sometimesthetwomethodsarecombined.Ifliteraltranslationcouldconveythemeaningoftheoriginalproverbthenitisperfect,otherwiseonlyfreetranslationcandeliverthehiddenmeaningandalso maketheversionvividandattractive.3.1LiteralTranslation批注[U9]:左掉连词号Literaltranslationistotranslatetheproverb[word-foi]wordandreservetheoriginalcharacter,metaphorandimage・SometimesweareattractedbythevividandsmartdescriptionsbetweenthelineswhenwereadEnglishtextsandliteraltranslationistheonlywayofpresentingthesebeautiesoflanguagetothereaders・LiteraltranslationisthemainwaytotranslateEnglishproverb・Forexample,Amongtheblindtheone-eyedmanisking（肓人国里，独眼为王），thoughwehaveaChineseversionof"山中无老虎,猴子称大王"buttheEnglishproverbconveysthesamemeaninginatotallydifferentway.WecanseetheculturaldifferencehereandexperiencetheEnglishtaste.Furtherexamples:Bloodisthickerthanwater.（血浓于水）Hewholaughsbestwholaughslast.（谁笑到最后,谁笑得最好）Knowledgeispower.（知识就是力量）Inordertoexplainwhyliteraltranslationshouldbethemainmethodoftransition,wecanseemoreexamples:Anunfortunatemanwouldbedrownedinateacup.（倒霉的人经不起一点风浪）（人一倒霉，一杯茶也能淹死）Thedevilmaygetinbythekeyhole,butthedoorwon>lethimout.（魔障一牛，便难降服）（魔鬼可以从锁孔里出來，但开着门也请不出去）Blindthesackbeforeitisfull.（凡事适可而止）（袋子要在装满前扎住）Drawnotyourbowtillyourarrowisfixed.（三思而后行）（箭没搭好，先别拉弓）Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.（十余不如一现）（双鸟在林,不如一鸟在手）Oldbirdsarenottobecaughtwithchaff.（仃经验的人不易上老圈套）（利匕糠捉不到老鸟）Catchthebearbeforeyousellhisskin.（不耍高兴的太早）（没有捉到熊，别想先卖皮）Experiencekeepsnoschool,sheteachesherpupilssingly.（只冇亲身取得的才是经验）（经验不办学校，她只单个教练）Whenthecat"saway,themicewillplay.（阎土不在，小鬼跳梁）（猫不在，老鼠成粘）Learntocreepbeforeyouleap.（按部就班，循序渐进）（先学爬，后学走） Twoversionsareofferedfortranslationoftheabove-mentionedproverbs,theliteraltranslatedoneshavesuccessfullyreservetheoriginalmeaningsandimagesandthefreetranslatedonesarelackoffreshnessandforeigntastes.Consequentlytheauthorfeelsthatliteraltranslationshouldbefrequentlyused・3.2FreeTranslation3.2.1FreeTranslationindifferentEnglishandChineseproverbsLiteraltranslationisnottheonlymethodoftranslatingEnglishproverbs.TherearcusuallysomemetaphorsordescriptionshardtounderstandforChinesereaderssincethereferredstoriesarerelatedtospecificbackgrounds.Thenanothermethodoftranslation一freetranslation一shouldbeappliedwhichmeanswccanchangetheimageintoanotherimagethatpeoplearefamiliarwith,sothatwecantransmitthepurposeofthearticleandtranslatethehiddenmeaning.Forexample:WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.Ifwetranslateitliterally,thereadermightbeconfused:whyitisinRome,notsomewhereelse?Infact,itshiddenmeaningid"doasthelocalpeopledoM・Sowetranslateitinto"入乡随俗Itwillbemorevividifitistranslated"‘到什么山,唱什么歌"・But,wcshouldchoosethetranslationdependonthecontext.Weknow“dragon，"hasdifferentmeaninginEnglishandChineseculture.So,whenwetranslateLikefather,likesontotheChineseproverb"龙生龙，凤生凤tSomeChinesewordsaresimplewithmanymeanings・Somethingunexpectedmayhappenanytimeisanormalproverb,butwecanmakeitthisway:天有不测风云・TheEnglishproverbthedogthatwillfetchabonewillcarryabone・WhenitistranslatedintoChinese,theword“dog"and"bone，"cannotbetranslatedliterally.Wemustgiveupitsliteralmeaninganditsfigurativeandtranslateitshiddenmeaning:"当着你说别人坏话的人，也会说你的坏话：Therearealsosomeotherexampleswhichshouldusefreetranslation:Itisanillwindthatblownobodygood.（对忍忍有害之事，天下少有）Everymanhasafoolinhissleeve.（人人都有糊涂Z时） FreetranslationinsimilarproverbsinEnglishandChineseTherearemanysameandsimilarproverbsinEnglishandChinese・Theyhavethesameliteralmeaningandsubaudienceastheauthorhasmentioned・Thefigurativeofthiskindofproverbsisalmostthesamesotheycanbedirectlytranslated.E.g.:Practicemakesperfect.（孰能生巧）Exampleisbetterthanprecept.（身教胜于言传）Easycome,easygo.（来的容易，去的容易）Strikewhiletheironishot.（趁热打铁）Wallshaveears.（隔墙冇耳）Constantdroppingwearsthestone.（水滴石穿）Misfortunesnevercomesingle.（祸彳、单彳j）Bitterpillsmayhavewholesomeeffects.（CT药苦U利于病）Whenwineisintruthisout.（酒后吐真言）Habitisasecondnature.（习惯成自然）Everymantohistaste.（Tf人吃Tf味）Exampleisbetterthanprecept.（身教重于言教）Harmset,harmget.（害人害己）TheproverbsabovehavetheidenticalEnglishandChinesemeanings・Literallyitisakindoffreetranslationaswell・33CombinationofLiteralandFreeTranslationUsuallyliteraltranslationcouldnotexpressthemeaningpreciselyandthenwehad批注［U1OJ:这类例了都单起一行，和上面一样。bettercombinetheliteraltranslationandfreetranslationtogether.Forinstance,Everybirdlikesitsownnest,wemaytranslateitliterally:每个鸟都爱自LA的巢.Howeveritlooksalittlebitobscuresincethereadermightbeconfusedaboutthemainideaoftheproverb一isitemphasison"love"or“nesl"?Sowecouldtranslateitthisway:•鸟爱0己的巢，人爱0己的家.Thusthereadercouldclearlyunderstandthemeaning-itistryingtotellpeoplehowsignificantthefamilyis.Letsleepingdogslie.（睡狗莫惹,量小易怒）Toawakeasleepingdogmightbedangerousbecauseitwillbiteyou.Ilisalittlevagueifwetranslatetheproverbinto“不要去惹睡觉的狗冷soweaddthederived meaningtomaketheversionmoreaccurate・Andthatisatypicalexampleofthecombinationoftheliteralandfreetranslalion.Andtherearemoreexamples:Abargainisabargain.（契约终究是契约，成交不可妄毁）Everycloudhasasilverlining.（朵朵乌云衬白底,黑暗之中有光明）[10]ConclusionProverbisatreasureoflanguageandalsoakindofsocialphenomenonandcloselyrelatedtoculture・Proverbrepresentsthefeaturesofanationandrecordscultureanditsdevelopment.Aproverbisashortwell-knownsayingthatstatusageneraltruth、orgivesadvice.TheEnglishtranslationofproverbisnoteasy・ManyfactorsshouldbeconcernedjustlikeEnglishculture,Chineseculturewhilesometimesthetwoofthemarerelated.Sometimestheyhavedifferentliteralmeaning,butthesamehiddenmeaning.Allofthesearecausedbythedifferencesofthetwokindsofcultures.Wehavetorealizetheimportanceoftheculturalbackground・Therearethreedifferentmethodsoftranslation-literaltranslation,freetranslationandthecombinationofthetwo.Wecanneverfindaperfectwayoftranslatingaproverbsoweshouldapplythethreemethodsflexibly.Thepurposeistotranslateaproverbwithfaithfulness,expressiveandelegance・However,languageisrichandcolorful,itdiffersinthousandsofways,andEnglishandChineseproverbsarethesame.So,anarticlecan"coverallthesituationsthatproverbshave,therearemoretobestudied. 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AcknowledgementsFirstandforemost,Iwouldliketoshowmydeepestgratitudetomysupervisor,Ms.HouBohua,arespectableteacherwhohasprovidedmewithvaluableguidanceineverystageofthewritingofthisthesis.Withoutherenlighteninginstruction,impressivekindnessandpatience,Icouldnothavecompletedmythesis.Mygratitudealsogoestothoseteacherswhotaughtmeandhelpedmeduringthesefouryears.Itisthemwhohelpmetoattainalotofbasicskillsandabundantprofessionalknowledge,whichareofgreatbenefittomeinmygraduationthesis・Lastbutnotleast,Iwouldliketothankallmyfriendsandfamilies,especiallymyroommateswhoaccompanyandsupportme.