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毕业论文--浅谈英语谚语翻译

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九M勞粘JIUJIANGUNIVERSITY毕业论文(设计)题目浅析英文谚语翻译英文题目OnEnglishTranslationofProverbs院系外国语学院专业商务英语姓名陆怡年级外A0721指导教师候伯华 二零一零年五月AbstractBecauseofthedifferencesofreligiousbeliefs,habitsandcustoms,fablesandmyth,andcultureandart,EnglishproverbsandChineseproverbscarryonthedifferentnationalculturalcharacteristicsandinformation.Proverbsarecloselylinkedwithculturaltraditionandtheyareinseparable・Theculturalelementsofproverbscausethedifficultyoftranslationofproverb・Thisthesisistryingtomakesomeexplorationabouttheproverb,anditstranslation・Keywords:category;translationmethod;culturecontrast由于不同的宗教信仰、风俗习惯、寓言神话以及文学艺术诸多方面的差异,英、汉谚语承载着不同的民族文化特色和不同的文化信息。他们与文化传统紧密相连,不可分割。言语中的文化因素构成了翻译中的闲难。直译,意译,或者直译与意译相结合,则要根据具体的语言环境来定。本文通过对英文谚语的分类和对中西文化的对比,就英语谚语及其翻译做一些探索。关键词:谚语分类;翻译方法;文化对比ContentsABSTRACTI摘要II INTRODUCTION11WHATISPROVERB?11.1TheDefinitionofProverb11.2TheCategoriesofProverb23.2.1FromProductionExperiences23.2.2FromLifeExperiences23.2.3FromMasterpiecesandMottos31.2.4FromtheBible3125ThConveytheTruth31.2.6LoanProverb42THECOMPARISONOFCHINESEANDENGLISHPROVERB52.1SubauditionofProverb52.2Religion62.3Values62.4HistoryandCulture73METHODSOFPROVERBSTRANSLATION73.1LiteralTranslation83.2FreeTranslation93.2.1FreeTranslationindifferentEnglishandChineseproverbs93.2.2FreetranslationinsimilarproverbsinEnglishandChinese103.3CombinationofLiteralandFreeTranslation104CONCLUSION11BIBLIOGRAPHY12ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS13 批注[Ul]:(introduction加入章节号批注[U2]:arcconnectedProverbisashortpithysayinginfrequentandwidespreadusethatexpressesabasictruthorpracticalprecept.Proverbisatreasureofliteraturewhichcomesfrompeople"sdailylife.Itsparkleswiththewisdomofhuman"sthoughtsandexperiencesfromtheancientlimestothemoderntimes.Whal"smore,ithasenrichedthelanguagesoflotsofcountries.Inaword,proverbisaslivelyaspoem,assteadyasessayandasterseasidiom・Sincethedifferencesonhistory,religionandcustom,theproverb(connects!withitsownculturesteadilyandcarriestheuniqueinformationandfeatureineachlanguage・WhentranslatingEnglishproverbs,theattentionshouldbepaidtodelivertheexactmeaning,meanwhilethelanguagecharacterhasalsotobeconcerned.ThoughEnglishandChinesearetotallytwodifferentlanguages,buttheyhavemuchincommononproverb,forinstant,proverbsintwolanguagesarebothsimpleandalive;mostofthemrhymewithtidystructuresandvividmetaphor.Ontheotherhand,ProverbiskindsofreflectionofculturethatconveythefeaturesofacountryaswellasthetranslationofEnglishproverb.Asweknow,thebothtwolanguageshavecenturies-oldhistory,religionandliterature・SoproverbslearningcanbeagoodwaytounderstandEnglish-speakingcountries.批注[U3]:加入引文出处Mr.ZhuGuangqiansays:["ThemostdifficulttounderstandandtranslateaboutforeignliteratureistheassociatedmeaninguIthasthespecificemotionalatmosphere,quitedeepanddelicate;youmaynotfinditinthedictionary,butitisveryimportanttoliterature.Ifwedon^tknowthehabitsandcustomsaswellastheculturalhistoricbackground,we"llbeatsea,especiallywhenwetranslatetheassociatedmeaning:Byanalyzingthesortofproverb,onecanunderstandthefeatures,subaudiencesandalsotheauthorcategorizesproverbintoseveralsections,fromgeography,custom,andculturetocomparethedifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishproverbs・Throughthestudyofproverb,goodunderstandingmaybewellappliedtothetranslationofproverbs.Asforthemethodsoftranslation,suchasliteraltranslation,freetranslation,orthecombinationoftwowaysoftranslationwhichdependonthefeaturesoflanguageandculturalbackgroundoftheproverbs.[1]WhatisProverb?[1]TheDefinitionofProverb—批注[U4]:前面加•句引言“Aproverbisabrieffamiliarmaximoffolkwisdom,usuallycompressedinform,ofteninvolvingaboldimageandfrequentlyajinglethatcatchesthememory.v(NY:Longman,1976:889)"Aproverbisashortsayingincommonusethatstrikinglyexpressessomeobvioustruthorfamiliarexperience."(NY:MacmillanGeneralreference,1988:1083)Soproverbisconsideredasapopularjhortsayingwithwordsof adviceorwarningwhichiscreatedamongpeopleasagreatintellectualachievementfromtheirunderstandingofthenatureandsociety.Proverbiscommononstyle,neatonstructure,vividonlanguageandprofoundonmeaning・"Proverbisthedaughterofdailyexperience.^“Aproverbismuchmatterdecoctedintofewwords.^(JinHuikang,2004:421)Asalegacyofancestors,proverbcontainstheexperiencesthattheancestorshaveconcludedorthewisdomsoftruth.Fromthedefinitionsabovewemayfindoutthatproverbisageneraltruthandgivesadviceandwarningwhichinvolvesaboldimage,musicalrhymeorcompressedformandbringsrealityandvividnesstothereadersandsotheyareeasytomemorize・[1]TheCategoriesofProverbProverbcanbeseenasabrillianttreasuretoaculture,itreflectseveryaspectofonesociety.However,suchmanyproverbscanbedividedintocategories・[1]FromProductionExperiencesLanguagedevelopsalongwiththesocietyaswellastheproverb・LotsofEnglishproverbsarecreatedbyfarmersfromthepredictionoftheagriculturalproductionandtheweathersincetheytiesupwiththecropsandweather.Theseproverbsaretheexperiencesoftheiryearsoffarmingwhichiscloselyrelatedtothereharvestandhappiness,sotheyknowsthemverywell.Forexample:WhenAprilblowsitshorn,itsgoodbothforhayandcorn.(四川打雷,谷草成堆)Itneverrainsbutitpours.(不雨则已,—雨倾盆)Makehaywhilethesunshines.(晒草要趁晴天)Ayearofsnow,ayearofplenty.(瑞雪兆丰年)Hethatbytheploughwouldthrive,himselfmusteitherholdordrive.(想要种地发家,就得抹犁赶马)122FromLifeExperiencesThereareakindofproverbsthatembodiesthehappiness,joy,tearsandpain.Someareevenbloody:Howsharperthanaserpentstoothitistohaveathanklesschild(逆子无t靑英于蛇赐)•Thisisaproverbthatahciirtbrokenfatherdescribeshisviciousson.Wecanimaginetheevilfaceofthesonandthepoorparentswhoareleftunattendedwithoutcare,waitingfordeath.Warisdeathsfeast (战争是死亡的宴席)・Inallages,warisallaboutdeaths,brokenfamilies.Isn"tthewarisexactlyafeastofdeath?Hethattaughtthemalltheirtrickskeptoneforhimself(教人百艺留一艺).Thisonemaybeconcludedfromtherealstoryoftheungratefulstudentwhobetrayedhisownteacher.FromMasterpiecesandMottosBritainisanoldEuropeancountryaffectedbyancientRomeandGreeceandfamousofherachievementonliterature.Themottosarewidelyreadbypeoplefromallovertheworld;Shakespeareisoneofthemostfamouswriters.Peoplehavesummarizedmanyproverbsfromhismasterpieces.Brevityisthesoulofwit.(简洁是智3的灵魂)-HamletOneswallowdoesnotmakeasummer.(只燕不成夏)Lendyourmoneyandloseyourfriend.(钱财借出,友谊丧失).HamletSomehooksaretohetasted,otherstobeswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested.(一些书可以品味,另外一些町以吞食,少数一些书可以咀嚼和消化)FromtheBibleBritainisaChristiancountryreinedbythearchyaswellastheKingforalongperiodinthehistory.ForthisreasonthereareplentyofEnglishproverbsderivedfromtheBible.Aneyeforaneye,atoothforatooth.(以牙还牙,以眼还眼).ThisproverbisaquotationfromExodus21:23-27inwhichapersonwhohastakentheeyeofanotherinafightisinstructedtogivehisowneyeincompensation.Freelyyouhavereceived,freelygive.(白白的得来,也要白白的舍去).ThisoneisaquotationfromMatthew10:8・Itmeansthatoneshouldletthefreethingsgosinceheneverpaysforthem.Therearemoreexamples:Whoeverdigsapitmayfallintoit.(挖陷坑的,自己必掉在其中)Whoeverquarriesstonesmaybeinjuredbythem;whoeversplitslogsmaybeendangeredbythem.(瞬开石头的,必受损伤;擘开木头的,必遭危险)Morestrengthisneededbutskillwillbringsuccess.(得智慧指教,便有益处)ToConveytheTruthBytheformingofthecivilizationandthesocietypeoplestruggleagainstthenatureaswellasthepeoplethemselves・Graduallysomeprinciplesareacceptedbythemasses andthoseprinciplesspreadfarandwidesothatmoreandmorepeopleacknowledgethemasthetruth.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.(有志者事竟成) ItisoneofthemostfamousEnglishproverbswhichencouragespeoplenottoloosefaithsincethestrongwillleadsonetosuccess・Ifyouhavetheinclinationanddeterminationforsomething,youwillalwaysbeabletofindawaytowardthegoal.Thereisnothinghopelessorimpossibleifyouareresoluteenough.Theproverbhasbecomeanacceptedwisdomforitsspread.(MartinHManser,2002:277)Therearemoreexamples:Amothersloveneverchanges.(母爱永不变)Honestypays.(诚实必冇好报)Timeismoney.(时间就是金钱)Historyrepeatsitself.(历史往往亟演)Cheatsneverprosper.(骗人发不了财)LoanProverbBritciinisacountrywithdevelopednavigationtechnologyfromofoldanditfrequentlyconnectswithotherconlinentandcountries・LatinusedtobepopularinEnglandandFrenchwasoncetheofficiallanguageofEngland・Therefore,thereareafewproverbsfromLatinandotherlanguageswhichreservetheirthoughtsandwisdoms.Nothingcomesfromnothing.(无风彳、起7良)一LatinproverbPutthecartbeforethehorse・(木末(到登)一FrenchproverbArtislong,lifeisshort.(艺术永存,生命短暂)-LatinproverbBurntbairnsdreadthefire.(―朝被蛇咬三年怕井绳)-RussianproverbAppetitecomeswitheating.(u口越吃越大)-Frenchproverb [1]ThecomparisonofChineseandEnglishproverb2>1SubauditionofProverbSomeproverbshaveasubaudition,connotativeandprofound・Ifwetranslatethemliterallyandignoretheoriginalmeanings,theversionwouldfailtoconveytheprecisemeaningoftheoriginalandmeanwhiletheliquidandfluentwordsbecomedeadanddull・Therefore,theChineseproverbwhichhasapproximatemeaningwouldmaketheversionvividandaccurate・Forexample,themanwhoisborninastableisnotahorsemeansapersondoesnotnecessarilyhavethestereotypicalcharacteristicsoftheplacewhereheorshewasborn,ifonetranslateitlikethis"在马厩里出生的人不是马"thenpeoplemaybeconfusedbutiftheversiongoeslikethis"鸡窝甲•口J以飞出金宓(凰"thenthereaderunderstandsatonce・Translatinginfairweatherpreparefor批注(U5]:柯mthefoulto"未雨绸缪”or"居安思危ismuchbetterthan"晴天要防阴天Translatingaman"swordisasgoodashisbondto"人的话是契约"istoodulland"‘一言既出,驷马难追”wouldbemoreprecise.SomeEnglishproverbsusecontrastasarhetoricaldeviceinordertoemphasizethemoodandconvincepeople・E.g.:youmaytakeahorsetothewaterbutyoucan9tmakeitdrink.Ifonetranslateitlikethis"你可以把马牵到河边去,但不能叫它饮力<7;thesharpcontrastwouldbeneglected・Inthiskindofsituation,theversionshouldbeneatandcontrastive•"牵马河边易,逼它饮水难"or"老牛不喝水,不能强按头Differentproverbsrefertodifferentethicsandphilosophy,practicemakesperfectandallworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboythistwoproverbsconveytotallydifferentviewonstudyandwork,theformeremphasizesonhardworkingwhilethelatterprefersabalancebetweenworkandleisure.Youarenevertoooldtolearnandyoucan7teachanolddognewtricksalsomakepeopleconfused.Theformerinsiststhatoldpeopleshouldkeeplearnnewthings-aphilosophyoftolearnuntildeath;thelattermeansthatoldpeoplemightfailtolearnnewknowledgeandskill,theeffectisaffectedbyage・SomehaveobviousdifferencesonlanguagecharacterandculturebackgroundandatthesametimetheobjectofthemetaphorisquitedifferentJHowevertheyare批注(U6J:语法identicalonsubaudiences.|Whenwetranslatethiskindofproverbs,tomaintainthe.批注心7]:语法subaudienceandchangetheformisagoodidea・Theversionconveystheoriginalmeaningandholdsthe structure・Twocanplaythe(孤掌难鸣);speakofthedevil,andheappears(说曹操,曹操就到);thegrassisgreenerontheothersideofthehill(这山望着那山高).ReligionBothEnglishandChineseproverbsaredeeplyaffectedbyreligionsthought,buttherearealsodistinctions.EnglishproverbisaffectedbyChristianitywhichreflectstheethicsandrules・E.g.:Norespecterofpersons.(一视同仁)Manproposes,Goddisposes.(谋事在人成事在天)AndtheChineseproverbisrelatedtoConfucianism,BuddhismandTaoism,forexample:u养儿防老,积谷防饥”isthethoughtsofConfucianism,"不看僧面看佛面”isfromBuddhismand"饶人不是痴,过后讨便宜”referstoTaoism.Religionisanaspectofpeople"sspirituallife;itmaydeeplyaffectanation.TherearealsomanyproverbsaboutreligionsofChineseandEnglishproverbs.InChinesewehave"借花献佛",无事不登三宝殿”,’你极牛悲Mandetc.ThethoughtsofConfucianismoccupyanimportantplaceaswell.Theancestorshadleftgreattreasures:“严于律己,宽以待人”,“恭敬不如从命”,“身在福中不知福”and“天下兴亡匹夫有•责二InwesterncountriespeoplebelieveinGod,Godistheonlyspiritwithsupremacy.SotherearealsoplentyofproverbsrelatedtoChristianity:Naturedoesnothinginvain.(造物主无所不能);Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.(上帝帮助自助的人);Intherightchurch,butinthewrongpew.(进对了教堂,但坐错了椅子)ValuesThethemeofwesternvalueisindixddualism,relativetothesociety,theyemphasizeontheself-relianceandliberty.Don"tputyourfingerinthepie.Ittellspeopletocareabouttheirownbusinessbutnottointerferetheothers・Tryingtobeefficientandoptimisticistheirattitudeontime・Theproverbtimeismoneyissimilarto“一寸光阴一"寸金"literally,buttheformerstatesanimpressiontocreatewealthasmuchasonecouldwithinalimitlime・Punctualityisthesoulofbusinessreflectsanattitudeoftime.Affectedbyindividualism,thewesternerspaycloseattentiontotheprivacyastheage,income,religionisallseenassecret.JustliketheproverbofAnEnglishman"shomeishiscastle・TraditionallyChinesepeopledonothavethatmany“secrets".Comparewiththeindividualism,Chinesepeopleadvocatecollectivismforthethousandsofyearsofdominationbythefeudaldynasties.u一个好汉三个帮and“众人扌令柴焰高"embodiesatypicalpowerofcollectivity. HistoryandCultureIntheEnglishandChineseproverbs,lotsofwordsarerelatedtospecifichistoryandculturebackground.Soagoodunderstandingofthebackgroundisnecessary.ThefollowingtwoproverbshavethesimilarmeaningbuttheformerisrelatedtoChristianityandthelatterisabouthistory・Speakofangelsandyouwillheartheirwings.说曹操,曹操就到.TheproverbLoveisBlindwhichisderivedfromwesternmythologyEroscompareswith1ft人眼里出西施theChineseversionhasanobvioushistoricaltrace.Thebreadneverfallsbutonitsbutteredsideand"‘人倒霉,吃豆腐也塞牙""showsdifferentstylesofliving.Don"tcarrygoalstoNewcastleand"耍倒贩槟榔到广东”aresimilarbutwithdifferentbackgrounds.Newcastleisacoal-shippingportinBritciinandGuangdongisrichinarcca・Furthermore,therearcEnglishandChineseproverbssinceoneisfromdailylifeandtheotherisfromhistoryorculturebackground:Menleapoverwherethehedgeislowestand"雷公打豆腐,专拣软的欺";Twoheadsarebetterthanoneand"三个臭皮匠赛过诸葛亮”[1]MethodsofproverbstranslationSincelanguageisawaytoexpressculture,theChineseandEnglishproverbreflectstheirculturalfeatures.Thepuiposeoftranslationistoexpressthemeaningoftheoriginalarticlefaithfully・Asculturesarenotidentical,bdthetranslatorshould批注(u8]:删去noticethesubaudiancewhichisthemeaningoftheproverb.Literaltranslationandfreetranslationarctwomodernandprovedmethodsoftranslationandtheauthorthinksthesetwoarenotisolated,whichmeanstheyarecloselyconnected・Wecannotsayatranslationiscompletelyliteralorfree,sometimesthetwomethodsarecombined.Ifliteraltranslationcouldconveythemeaningoftheoriginalproverbthenitisperfect,otherwiseonlyfreetranslationcandeliverthehiddenmeaningandalso maketheversionvividandattractive.3.1LiteralTranslation批注[U9]:左掉连词号Literaltranslationistotranslatetheproverb[word-foi]wordandreservetheoriginalcharacter,metaphorandimage・SometimesweareattractedbythevividandsmartdescriptionsbetweenthelineswhenwereadEnglishtextsandliteraltranslationistheonlywayofpresentingthesebeautiesoflanguagetothereaders・LiteraltranslationisthemainwaytotranslateEnglishproverb.Forexample,Amongtheblindtheone-eyedmanisking(肓人国里,独眼为王),thoughwehaveaChineseversionof"山屮无老虎,猴子称大王"buttheEnglishproverbconveysthesamemeaninginatotallydifferentway.WecanseetheculturaldifferencehereandexperiencetheEnglishtaste.Furtherexamples:Bloodisthickerthanwater.(血浓于水)Hewholaughsbestwholaughslast.(谁笑到最后,谁笑得最好)Knowledgeispower.(知识就是力量)Inordertoexplainwhyliteraltranslationshouldbethemainmethodoftransition,wecanseemoreexamples:Anunfortunatemanwouldbedrownedinateacup.(倒霉的人经不起一点风浪)(人一倒霉,一杯茶也能淹死)Thedevilmaygetinbythekeyhole,butthedoorwon>lethimout.(魔障一牛,便难降服)(魔鬼可以从锁孔里出來,但开着门也请不出去)Blindthesackbeforeitisfull.(凡事适可而止)(袋子要在装满前扎住)Drawnotyourbowtillyourarrowisfixed.(三思而后行)(箭没搭好,先别拉弓)Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.(十余不如一现)(双鸟在林,不如一鸟在手)Oldbirdsarenottobecaughtwithchaff.(仃经验的人不易上老圈套)(利匕糠捉不到老鸟)Catchthebearbeforeyousellhisskin.(不耍高兴的太早)(没有捉到熊,别想先卖皮)Experiencekeepsnoschool,sheteachesherpupilssingly.(只冇亲身取得的才是经验)(经验不办学校,她只单个教练)Whenthecat"saway,themicewillplay.(阎土不在,小鬼跳梁)(猫不在,老鼠成粘)Learntocreepbeforeyouleap.(按部就班,循序渐进)(先学爬,后学走) Twoversionsareofferedfortranslationoftheabove-mentionedproverbs,theliteraltranslatedoneshavesuccessfullyreservetheoriginalmeaningsandimagesandthefreetranslatedonesarelackoffreshnessandforeigntastes.Consequentlytheauthorfeelsthatliteraltranslationshouldbefrequentlyused・3.2FreeTranslationFreeTranslationindifferentEnglishandChineseproverbsLiteraltranslationisnottheonlymethodoftranslatingEnglishproverbs.TherearcusuallysomemetaphorsordescriptionshardtounderstandforChinesereaderssincethereferredstoriesarerelatedtospecificbackgrounds.Thenanothermethodoftranslation一freetranslation一shouldbeappliedwhichmeanswccanchangetheimageintoanotherimagethatpeoplearefamiliarwith,sothatwecantransmitthepurposeofthearticleandtranslatethehiddenmeaning.Forexample:WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.Ifwetranslateitliterally,thereadermightbeconfused:whyitisinRome,notsomewhereelse?Infact,itshiddenmeaningid"doasthelocalpeopledoM・Sowetranslateitinto"入乡随俗Itwillbemorevividifitistranslated"‘到什么山,唱什么歌"・But,wcshouldchoosethetranslationdependonthecontext.Weknow“dragon,"hasdifferentmeaninginEnglishandChineseculture.So,whenwetranslateLikefather,likesontotheChineseproverb"龙生龙,凤生凤tSomeChinesewordsaresimplewithmanymeanings・Somethingunexpectedmayhappenanytimeisanormalproverb,butwecanmakeitthisway:天有彳从猥9风云・TheEnglishproverbthedogthatwillfetchabonewillcarryabone・WhenitistranslatedintoChinese,theword“dog"and“bone"cannotbetranslatedliterally.Wemustgiveupitsliteralmeaninganditsfigurativeandtranslateitshiddenmeaning:"当着你说别人坏话的人,也会说你的坏话:Therearealsosomeotherexampleswhichshouldusefreetranslation:Itisanillwindthatblownobodygood.(对忍忍有害之事,天下少有)Everymanhasafoolinhissleeve.(人人都有糊涂Z时) FreetranslationinsimilarproverbsinEnglishandChineseTherearemanysameandsimilarproverbsinEnglishandChinese・Theyhavethesameliteralmeaningandsubaudienceastheauthorhasmentioned・Thefigurativeofthiskindofproverbsisalmostthesamesotheycanbedirectlytranslated.E.g.:Practicemakesperfect.(孰能生巧)Exampleisbetterthanprecept.(身教胜于言传)Easycome,easygo.(來的容易,去的容易)Strikewhiletheironishot.(趁热打铁)Wallshaveears.(隔墙冇耳)Constantdroppingwearsthestone.(水滴石穿)Misfortunesnevercomesingle.(祸彳、单彳j)Bitterpillsmayhavewholesomeeffects.(良药苦U利于病)Whenwineisintruthisout.(酒后吐真言)Habitisasecondnature.(习惯成自然)Everymantohistaste.(百人吃百味)Exampleisbetterthanprecept.(身教重于言教)Harmset,harmget.(害人害己)TheproverbsabovehavetheidenticalEnglishandChinesemeanings・Literallyitisakindoffreetranslationaswell・33CombinationofLiteralandFreeTranslationUsuallyliteraltranslationcouldnotexpressthemeaningpreciselyandthenwehad批注[U1OJ:这类例了都单起一行,和上面一样。bettercombinetheliteraltranslationandfreetranslationtogether.Forinstance,Everybirdlikesitsownnest,wemaytranslateitliterally:每个鸟都爱自LA的巢.Howeveritlooksalittlebitobscuresincethereadermightbeconfusedaboutthemainideaoftheproverb一isitemphasison"love"or“nesl"?Sowecouldtranslateitthisway:•鸟爱0己的巢,人爱0己的家.Thusthereadercouldclearlyunderstandthemeaning-itistryingtotellpeoplehowsignificantthefamilyis.Letsleepingdogslie.(睡狗莫惹,量小易怒)Toawakeasleepingdogmightbedangerousbecauseitwillbiteyou.Ilisalittlevagueifwetranslatetheproverbinto"不耍去惹睡觉的狗soweaddthederived meaningtomaketheversionmoreaccurate・Andthatisatypicalexampleofthecombinationoftheliteralandfreetranslalion.Andtherearemoreexamples:Abargainisabargain.(契约终究是契约,成交不可妄毁)Everycloudhasasilverlining.(朵朵乌云衬白底,黑暗之中有光明)[1]ConclusionProverbisatreasureoflanguageandalsoakindofsocialphenomenonandcloselyrelatedtoculture・Proverbrepresentsthefeaturesofanationandrecordscultureanditsdevelopment.Aproverbisashortwell-knownsayingthatstatusageneraltruth,orgivesadvice.TheEnglishtranslationofproverbisnoteasy・ManyfactorsshouldbeconcernedjustlikeEnglishculture,Chineseculturewhilesometimesthetwoofthemarerelated.Sometimestheyhavedifferentliteralmeaning,butthesamehiddenmeaning.Alloftheseai"ecausedbythedifferencesofthetwokindsofcultures.Wehavetorealizetheimportanceoftheculturalbackground.Therearethreedifferentmethodsoftranslation一literaltranslation,freetranslationandthecombinationofthetwo.Wecanneverfindaperfectwayoftranslatingaproverbsoweshouldapplythethreemethodsflexibly.Thepurposeistotranslateaproverbwithfaithfulness,expressiveandelegance・However,languageisrichandcolorful,itdiffersinthousandsofways,andEnglishandChineseproverbsarethesame.So,anarticlecarflcoverallthesituationsthatproverbshave,therearemoretobestudied. 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AcknowledgementsFirstandforemost,Iwouldliketoshowmydeepestgratitudetomysupervisor,Ms.HouBohua,arespectableteacherwhohasprovidedmewithvaluableguidanceineverystageofthewritingofthisthesis.Withoutherenlighteninginstruction,impressivekindnessandpatience,Icouldnothavecompletedmythesis.Mygratitudealsogoestothoseteacherswhotaughtmeandhelpedmeduringthesefouryears.Itisthemwhohelpmetoattainalotofbasicskillsandabundantprofessionalknowledge,whichareofgreatbenefittomeinmygraduationthesis・Lastbutnotleast,Iwouldliketothankallmyfriendsandfamilies,especiallymyroommateswhoaccompanyandsupportme.