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初中英语语法梳理和提高——名词名 词表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念等的名称的词。知识梳理:提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点!一、 名词的分类名 词类别意义例词专有名词表示具体的人名、事物、国家、地名、机构、团体等的专有名称Jim,China,Qingdao,theUK,theGreatWall普通名词可数名词个体名词表示单个人的人或事物girl,student,factory,desk,cat,country集合名词表示一群人或一些事物的总称people,police,team,clothes,group,crew不可数名词物质名词表示无法分为个体的物质water,ice,pork,cheese,cotton,broccoli抽象名词表示抽象概念的词fun,healthy,happiness,courage,love,care 注:1.专有名词是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称。第一个字母必须大写。专有名词前一般不加冠词。 2、有普通名词构成的专有名词前要用定冠词"the",但它不大写。 3、有些不可数名词有时表示为具体的东西时,则变为可数名词,而且以四上也有了变化。eg.beer----abeer 一杯啤酒, work---awork 工厂,著作 ,glass---aglass 一个玻璃杯, room空间---aroom一个房间二.名词的所有格
名词的所有格是表示名词之间的所有关系,有两种表示形式,一种是在名词后+"s;另一种是用of,表示"……的"。 1.(1)一般词的所有格,直接在词尾+"s。eg.Mr.Mott"srobot,children"sclothes (2)以s结尾的名词所有格只在词尾+" eg.teachers"books (3)两人共有的物体,则在第二个名词后+"s;如果分别是两人所有,则在每个名词后面 +"s。eg.LucyandLily"sroom.(指两人共住一个房间) MrsGreen"sandMrsBrown"sson.(指两人各自的儿子) (4)表示某具体场所时,所有格后面的名词可省略 eg.thedoctor"s(office) Mr.White"s 2.(1)没有生命的事物一般用of短语来表示所属关系。 eg.thewalloftheclassroom,apictureofthebedroom, (2)名词的的定语较长时,有生命的事物也可用of短语表示。 eg.alongstoryofa50-year-oldman (4) 双重所有格 eg.afriendofhis, thebignoseofTom"s (5) 有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词,也可以加"s来构成所有格。 eg.tenminutes"walk,today"snewspaper例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!1.Theygotmuch_____fromthosenewbooks. A.ideas B.photos C.news D.stories2.Ihavetwo_______andthreebottlesof_________here. A.orange,orange B.oranges,oranges
C.oranges,orange D.orange,oranges 3.EveryeveningMr.Kingtakesa_________to hishome. A.25minutes"walk B.25minute"swalk C.25minutewalk D.25minuteswalk 4.Anold_______wantstoseeyou. A.people B.person C.thepeople D.theperson 5.Helpyourselfto__________. A.chickensandapples B.chickensandapple C.chickenandapple D.chickenandapples 6.Oh,dear.Iforgotthetwo_________. A.room"snumber B.rooms"number C.roomnumbers D.rooms"numbers7.ShehasbeeninTianjinfortenyears.Tianjinhasbecomehersecond_________. A.family B.house C.home D.room8.________motherscouldn"tgotothemeeting,becausetheyhavegonetoShanghai. A.MaryandPeter"s B.MaryandPeter C.Mary"sandPeter D.Mary"sandPeter"s9.LiLeihasbeento__________manytimesthismonth. A.heruncle B.heruncle"s C.heruncles D.aunt"s
10.Heisasuccessasaleaderbuthehasn"t________inteaching. A.manyexperiences B.muchexperience C.anexperience D.alotexperience11.Aclassmateof_________washeretenminutesago. A.you B.your C.yoursister D.yoursister"s12.Agroupof_________aretalkingwithtwo___________. A.Frenchmen,Germans B.Germans,Frenchmans C.Frenchmans,Germen D.Germen,Frenchmen13.Theteam________ havingameeting. A.is B.are C.am D.be14."Wouldyoulike_________?" "________,please." A.drink,Threecoffees B.acupofdrink,Coffees C.adrink,Acoffee D.adrink,Threecupsofcoffees15.TheGreatWallwasmadenotonlyby_______,butalsothefleshandbloodof________men. A.earthandstone,millionsof B.earthsandstones,millions C.theearthandstone,millionof D.theearthsandstones,millions练习与巩固:熟能生巧,取得好成绩!选择最佳答案:1.Lastnight,therewasafoodaccident.The_______wereill,butno_______werelost.
A.child,lives B.children,life C.children,lives D.child,life2.---Thisisaphotoof_________whentheywereyoung. ---OK,howhappytheybothlooked! A.myfatherandmother B.mymotherandfather"s C.mymother"sandfather"s D.myfather"sandmymother3.Thenewstudentisin__________,GradeTwo. A.ClassThird B.ThirdClass C.ClassThree D.Threeclass4.TodayisSeptember10th.It"s__________Day.Let"sgoandbuysomeflowersforourteachers. A.Teachers B.Teachers" C.theTeachers" D.Teacher"s5.Themarketisn"tfarfromhere.It"sonly_________bicycleride. A.halfanhours" B.halfanhour"s C.halfanhour D.anhourandahalf6.---Whatwouldyouliketodrink,girls? ---_________,please. A.Twocupofcoffee B.Twocupsofcoffe C.Twocupsofcoffee D.Twocupsofcoffees7.DuringChristmas,peoplegettogetherandsingChristmassongsfor_________. A.fun B.wishes C.interest D.thanks8.Some_________areflyingkitesneartheriver.
A.child B.boy C.boys D.childs9.Aftertheexam,we"llhave________holiday. A.twoweeks B.two-weeks C.twoweeks" D.twoweek"s10.Theyarethose_________bags.Pleaseputthemonthebus. A.visitor B.visitors C.visitor"s D.visitors"11.---Howmanyworkersarethereinyourfactory? ---Therearetwo___________. A.hundreds B.hundred C.hundredof D.hundredsof 12.---Whatdoyouthinkofthe_______theMoonlightSonatabyBeethoven? ---Itsoundsreallywonderful. A.subject B.music C.book D.animal 13.Thereisnotenough_________inthecornerforthefridge. A.place B.room C.field D.ground 14._________comesfromsheepandsomepeoplelikeeatingit A.Wool B.Pork C.Mutton D.Milk 15.Ifyoudon"ttakemore________,you"llgetfat. A.medicine B.lessons C.photos D.exercise 16.Myschoolisabouttwenty________walkfromhere.
A.minute B.minutes" C.minutes"s D.minutes 17.Mum,Ihave_______totellyou! A.agoodnews B.somegoodnews C.somegoodnewes D.muchgoodnews 18.Whichisthe________tothepostoffice? A.street B.way C.road D.address 19.Istayedat________lastSunday. A.myuncles B.myuncles" C.myuncle"s D.myuncle"sfamily 20.Maths________noteasytolearn. A.are B.is C.am D.were