高中英语语法一点通——状语从句 25页

右屮英语语依一支通——状错从句知识淸单一.时间状语以句1.when,while和as的用法①when即可以引导一个持续性动作，也可以引导一个短暂性动作，可用于主句动作和从句动作同时发生，也可以用于从句动作先于主句动作发生。WhenIlivedthere,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.②while引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。Youcan"tdoyourhomeworkwhileyou"rewatchingTV.③as表示主句动作和从句动作交替进行或者同吋完成，意为“一边一边"或者“随着……”。Asmymothersangthoseoldsongs,tearsrandownhercheeks.Astimegoeson,it"sgettingwarmerandwarmer.④如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，此吋when,while和as可以互换。WhenAVhile/AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.2.assoonas,immediately/directly/instantly,themoment/minute/instant, hardly/scarcely—when…，nosooncr・・・than…的用法这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一……就……二ThemomentIheardthevoice,Iknewmyfatherwascoming.Nosoonerhadwearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.Theboyburstintotearsimmediatelyhesawhismother;特剔提hardly/scarcely...when...和nosooner...than…引导时间状语从句时,主句常用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时,此外，当把否定副词hardly/scarcely和nosooner提到句首时,要用倒装结构。Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.二HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.1.until,till和not...until的用法①肯定句：主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，意为“某动作一直延续到某个时间点才停止SHeremainedthereuntil/tillshearrived.Youmaystayhereuntil/tilltherainstops.②否定句：主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，意为“某动作直到某时才开始HeworTtgotobeduntil/tillshereturns.③till不可以置于句首，而until可以。UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.④not...until句型中的强调和倒装Ididn^thaveanyideaofituntilyoutoldme. =ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.=NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.1.before的用法①若表达“还未……就……；不到……就……:……才……；还没来得及……就……”时，要用连词beforeoWehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.Heannouncedthedecisionbefore1couldstophim.②"Itwillbe+一段时■间+befo「e”表示"还要（吋间）才”;"Itwon"tbe+一段吋间+before表示“用不了……（时间）就……”。Itwillbehalfanhourbeforethecityreturnstonormal.ItworTtbeayearbeforewemeetagain.2.since的用法since从句谓语动词一般是非延续性动词，主句的谓语动词是延续性动词，since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态则用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。IhavewrittenhomefourtimessinceIcamehere.Shehasbeenworkinginthisfactorysincesheleftschool.3.everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime等名词短语引导时间状语从句，表示"每当……；每次……；下次……”等。Every/EachtimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpmeout.Nexttimeyoucome,doremembertobringyoursonhere.ThelasttimehesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.二、地丘状语从句 引导地点状语从句的从屈连词where和wherever指具体地点时，从句可位于主句之前或者之后，表示抽象地点时，从句要放在主句Z前。Heliveswheretheclimateismild.Youarefreetogowhereveryoulike.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Whereverthereissmoke,thereisfire.特剔提HL注意区分where引导的定语从句和地点状语从句Yoifdbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.（状语从句）You"dbettermakeamarkattheplacewhereyouhaveanyquestions.（定语从句）引导原因状语从句的从屈连词主要有：because,as,since,nowthat,inthat等，每个连词的含义和用法不尽相同。连词位置含义语气能否回答why能否被强调because（因为）主句前或后直接因果关系强能能as（由于）主句前或后双方都知道的原因since/nowthat（既然）主句前弱不能不能inthat（既然）主句后IwasabsentfromthemeetingbecauseIwasilkWehadtowalkallthewayaswehadnomoneyforfares.Nowthat/Sinceeverybodyishere,let"sbeginourmeeting. 四、条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的连词有:if（如果）,unless（如果不,除非）,incase（倘若、万一）,so/aslongas（只要）,onconditionthat（条件是）,suppose/supposingthat（假设、如果），provide/providedthat（如果）,giventhat（假如）等。YouTlfailtheexamunlessyoustudyhard.Aslongasyoudon"tloseheart,youwillsucceed.Suppose/Supposing（that）theyrefuseus,whoelsecanweturntoforhelp.Incasethereisafire,whatwillwedofirst.A.箱皋状语从句引导结果状语从句的从属连词有:sothat,so...that...,such...that...等，注意so...that...和such...that...结构形式有所不同。po+形容词/副词+that从句|so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句so+many/much/few/little+名词+that从句puch+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句：such+形容词+可数名词复数+that从句such+形容词+不可数名词+that从句Hegotuplate,sothathemissedthefirsttrain.Mikeissuchanhonestworkerthatweallbelievehim.=Mikeissohonestaworkerthatweallbelievehim.Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark. Heearnedsolittlemoneythathecouldn^tsupporthisfamily.注意区别结果状语从句和定语从句Mikeissuchanhonestworkerthatweallbelievehim.（结果状语从句）Mikeissuchanhonestworkerasweallbelieve.（定语从句）1.sothat和inorderthat的用法这两个连词都表示“以便、为了”，它们引导的目的状语从句屮需用情态动词，两者通常可以互换。Weclimbedhighersothatwemightseethescenesbette匚Inorderthatwemightseethesunrise,westartedforthepeakearly.2.forfearthat和incase的用法引导目的状语从句时，forfearthat表示害怕或者担心某事会发生；incase表示以防出现某种情况。Hetoldustokeepquietforfearthatwemightdisturbothers.Takeyourraincoat,incaseitrains.七、社步状语从句1.although,though,eventhough和evenif的用法although和though两者意思相同,一般可以互换，都可以和yet,still和nevertheless连用，但是不可以和but连用；eventhough和evenif表示“即使”，语气更加强烈。 Heisunhappy,though/althoughhehasalotofmoney. Eventhough/ifitisraining,weTlgothere.a：though还可以用作副词，意为“可是、然而”，放在句尾。1.as或though引导让步状语从句中的倒装用法as或though引导的从句一般放在主句之前，常用倒装结构。从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。Childas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.Muchas/thoughIlikeit,Iwon"tbuyit,forit/stooexpensive.Tryas/thoughyoumay,youwon"tbabletopersuadehim.2.whether...or...(不管还是)；疑问词+ever与nomatter+疑问词(不管、无论)的用法Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)yousay,hewon^tbelieveyou.Whoever(=Nomatterwho)youare,youmustobeytherules.Howeverhardthejobis,Iwillfinishitontime.注意:whoever,whatever,whomever,whichever还可以引导名词性从句。Youcantakewhateveryoulike.3.while的用法while也可以引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然、即使”。WhileIreallydon"tlikeart,Ifindhisworksimpressive.八、方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的从属连词有：as,asif,asthough等。方式状语从句放在主句之后。其中as if或者asthough引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，如果从句中陈述的情况与事实相符，则用陈述语气。Doasyouaretold,oryouwillbefired.Theoldladytreatstheboyasifhewereherownson.HepausedasifhewasexpectingTomtospeak.九、比経状语从句比较状语从句就是通常所说的比较级结构，常由than引导。Heeatsmorethanhedidinthepast.企sJ难点突破箱皋状错以句和目的状错从句的&别①目的状语从句中的动词前要用can、could>may、might>shalRshould>will和would等情态动词，表示主观愿望；而结果状语从句则不用，表示的是客观事实。②引导结果状语从句的sothat前常有逗号，而引导目的状语从句的sothat前一般不用逗号。③结果状语从句都放在主句后，而目的状语从句可放在主句前或后。Sothatwecouldfinishthetaskontime,weworkeddayandnight.（目白勺状语从句）Hewasreadytohelpothers,sothathewasrespectedbyeveryone.（结果状语从句）Hearrivedattherailwaystationearly,sothathecaughtthetrain.（纟吉果状语从句）Hearrivedattherailwaystationearlysothathecouldcatchthetrain.（目的状语从句） 状语从句是英语屮最为常见的从句类型乞一，主要考查引导各类状语从句的从属连词的基本用法，并结合主从句的意义，判断主从句之间的逻辑关系，然后才能做出正确的选择。ISj易错题翌L1.（16江苏）somepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.A.BecauseB.IfC.UnlessD.While2.（16北京）Ireallyenjoylisteningtomusicithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.A・becauseB.beforeC.unlessD・until3.（16北京）Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen,he"sinhisnineties.A.aslongasB.asifC.eventhoughD.incase4.（16北京）Iamnotafraidoftomorrow,IhaveseenyesterdayandIlovetoday. A.soB.andC.forD.but tocarefor.A.UnlessB.UntilC.AsD.While6.（16浙江）onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.A.SinceB.AfterC.WhileD.Unless7.scientistshavelearnedalotabouttheuniverse,thereismuchwestilldon"tknow.（安徽卷）A.OnceB.SinceC.ThoughD.Unless8.heoncefeltlikegivingup,henowhasthedeterminationtopushfurtherandkeepongoing.（安徽卷）A.WhereB.AsC.IncaseD.Nowthat9.Heisashyman,heisnotafraidofanythingoranyone.（北京卷）A.soB.butC.orD.as10.Youwontfindpapercuttingdifficultyoukeeppracticingit.（d匕京卷）A.eventhoughB・aslongasC.asifD.eversince11.thedamageisdone,itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandtorecove匚（j匕京卷）A.UntilB.UnlessC.OnceD.Although12.thestudentscamefromdifferentcountries,theygotalongquitewellinthesummercamp.（福建卷）A.WhileB.UnlessC.SinceD.Until13.thejobtakesasignificantamountoftime,moststudentsagreethattheexperienceisworthit.（湖南卷） 14.Itissocoldthatyoucan"tgooutsidefullycoveredinthickclothes.（江浙;卷）A.ifB.unlessC.onceD.when15.1believeyouwillhaveawonderfultimehereyougettoknoweveryoneelse.（陕西卷）A.thoughtB.asifC.onceD.sothat16.Thereisonlyonemoredaytogoyourfavoritemusicgroupplaylive.（四川卷）A.sinceB.untilC.whenD.before17.Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblemwecansolveit.（天津卷）A.whileB.afterC.beforeD.as18.asingleworldcanchangethemeaningofasentence,asinglesentencecanchangethemeaningofaparagraph.（浙江卷）A.JustasB.EventhoughC.UntilD.Unless19.Bachdiedin1750,butitwasnotuntiltheearly19thcenturyhismusicalgiftwasfullyrecognized.（重庆卷）A.whileB.thoughC.thatD.after20・Ifyoumissthischance,itmaybeyearsyougetanotherone.（重庆卷）A.AsB.beforeC.sinceD.after21.[14i工苏]Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture,historycannotbechanged.A.thoughB.asC.sinceD.unless22.[14安徽]Themeaningofthewordnnice,changedafewtimesitfinallycametoincludethesense"pleasant•” 22.[14大纟冈]ExactlythepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain,butitwasprobablyaround1565.A.whetherB.whyC.whenD.how23.[14i胡南]Youwillnevergainsuccessyouarefullydevotedtoyourwork.A.whenB.becauseC・afterD.unless24.[14ill东]Idon"treallyliketheauthor,Ihavetoadmithisbooksareveryexciting.A.althoughB.unlessC.untilD.once25.114陕西]Theyoungcouple,whoreturnedmylostwallet,left1couldaskfortheirnames.A.whileB.beforeC.afterD.since26.[14四丿丨|]8・Fllbeoutforsometime.anythingimportanthappens,callmeupimmediately.A.IncaseB.As讦C.EventhoughD.Nowthat27.[14天津]Givemeachance,Fllgiveyouawonderfulsurprise.A.ifC.andD.while28.[14天津]youstarteatinginahealthierway,weightcontrolwillbecomemucheasier.A.unlessB.AlthoughC.BeforeD.Once29.[14北京]Someanimalscarryseedsfromoneplacetoanother,plantscanspreadtonewplaces.A.soB.orC.forD.but 22.[14北京]theforestparkisfaraway,alotoftouristsvisititeveryyea匚 22.［j折江卷］Cathyhadquitherjobwhenhersonwasbornshecouldstayhomeandraiseherfamily.A.nowthatB.asifC.onlyifD.sothat23.［14江西卷］Itwasthemiddleofthenightmyfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.A.thatB.asC.whichD.when24.［14重丿夫］Halfanhourlater,Lucystillcouldn"tgetataxithebushaddroppedher.A.untilB.whenC.althoughD.where25.［14安徽］Whatweexpectfromyouisworkinghardhardlyworking.A.lessthanB.ratherthanC.aswellasD.asmuchas36・［［折江卷］Facinguptoyourproblemrunningawayfromthemisthebestapproachtoworkingthingsout.A.morethanB.ratherthanC.alongwithD.orrather37.（2013新课标1）There"snowayofknowingwhyonemanmakesanimportantdiscoveryanotherman,alsointelligent,fails.A.sinceB.ifC.asD.while38.（2013安徽卷）Fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Thisisaboutseventy-onepercentofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.A.whyB.howC・becauseD.whether 39・（2013安徽卷）Itrsmucheasiertomakefriendsyouhavesimilarinterests.A.unlessB.whenC.eventhoughD.sothat 40.（2013湖南卷）Youmustlearntoconsultyourfeelingsandyourreasonyoureachanydecision.A.althoughB.beforeC.becauseD.unless41.（2013江西卷）Shesaysthatshe"llhavetoclosetheshopbusinessimproves-A.讦B.unlessC.afterD.when42.（2013重庆卷）wehaveenoughevidence,wecan*twinthecase.A.OnceBAslongasC.UnlessD.Since43.（2013山东卷）MarkneedstolearnChinesehiscompanyisopeningabranchinBeijing.A.unlessB.untilC.althoughD.since44.（2013山东卷）Ihavetogiveaspeech,IgetextremelynervousbeforeIstart.A.WhateverB.WheneverC.WhoeverD.However45・（2013陕西卷）IhaveheardalotofgoodthingsaboutyouIcamebackfromabroad.A.sinceB.untilC.beforeD.when46.（2013江苏卷）Intheglobaleconomy,anewdrugforcancer,itisdiscovered,willcreatemanyeconomicpossibilitiesaroundtheworld.A.whateverB.whoeverC.whereverD.whichever47.（2013北京卷）Itookmydrivinglicensewithmeonholiday,Iwantedtohireacar.A.incaseB.evenifC.eversinceD.ifonly48.（2013四川卷）Heissobusy.Hecannotaffordenoughtimewithhissonhewantsto.A.evenifB.asifC・becauseD.before49.（2013天津卷）small,thecompanyhasabout1,000buyersinover30countries. A.AsB.IfC.AlthoughD.Once46.（2013辽宁卷）Onecanalwaysmanagetodomorethings,nomatterfullone"sscheduleisinlife.A.howB.whatC.whenD.where47.（2012全国卷I）Idon"tbelievewe*vemetbefore,Imustsayyoudolookfamiliar.A.thereforeB.althoughC.sinceD.unless48.（2012全国卷I）Thisrestaurantwasn"tthatotherrestaurantwewentto.A.halfasgoodasB.ashalfgoodasC.asgoodashalfD.goodashalfas49.（2012全国卷II）Ihadhardlygottotheofficemywifephonemetogobackhomeatonce.A.whenB.thanC.untilD.after50.（2012北京卷）一Lookatthoseclouds!——Don"tworry.itrains,we"llstillhaveagreattime.A.EvenifB.AsthoughC.IncaseD.Ifonly51.（2012上海卷）Ihaveatightbudgetforthetrip,soFmnotgoingtoflytheairlineslowerticketprices.A.onceB.ifC.afterD・unless56・（2012上海卷）Themapisoneofthebesttoolsamanhashegoestoanewplace.A.wheneverB.whateverC.whereverD.however57.（2012天津卷）Everythingwasplacedexactlyhewanteditforthegraduationceremony.A.whileB.whenC.whereD・though 57.（2012江苏卷）One"slifehasvalueonebringsvaluetothelifeofothers. A.sothatB.nomatterhowC.aslongasD.exceptthat59.（2012湖南卷）IalwaysfeltIwouldpasstheexam,Inever（hoqghtIwouldgetanA.A.WhileB.OnceC.IfD.Until60.（2012湖南卷）hardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.A.HoweverB.WhateverC.WhicheverD.Whenever61.（2012木畐建卷）ItishardfortheGreekgovernmenttogetoverthepresentdifficultiesitgetsmorefinancialsupportfromtheEuropeanUnion.A.ifB.unlessC.becauseD.since62.（2012陕西卷）Hotthenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.A.althoughB.asC.whileD.however63.（2012陕西卷）Allthephotographsinthisbook,statedotherwise.datefromthe1950s.A.unlessB.untilC.onceD.讦64.（2012ill东卷）HesmiledpolitelyMaryapologizedforherdrunkenfriends.A.asB.ifC.unlessD・though65.（2012山东卷）Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisentherewasnothingayearagobutruins.A.whenB.whereC.beforeD.until66.（2012重庆卷）—Coach,canIcontinuewiththetraining?一SoiTy.youcantyouhaven"trecoveredfromthekneeinjure. A.untilB.beforeC.becauseD.unless67.（2012四川卷）Atschool,somestudentsareactivesomeareshy,yettheycanbegoodfriendswithoneanothe匚A.whileB.althoughC.soD.as68.（2012四川卷）Ifyouhappentogetlostinthewild,you"dbetterstayyouareandwaitforhelp.A.whyB.whereC.whoD.what69.（2012江西卷）YoucanboiTowmycaryoupromisenottodrivetoofast.A.unlessB.evenifC.incaseD.aslongas70.（2012浙江卷）Mikewasusuallysocareful,thistimehemadeasmallmistake.A.yetB.stillC.evenD.thus71.（2012辽宁卷）Leaveyourkeywithyourneighboryoulockyourselfoutoneday.A.aslongasB.eventhoughC.incaseD.asif72.（2011•天津卷）regularexerciseisveryimportant.Ifsneveragoodideatoexercisetooclosetobedtime.A.ItB.AsC.AlthoughD.Unless73.（2011•江西卷）Pleasecallmysecretarytoarrangeameetingthisafternoon,oritisconvenienttoyou.A.wheneverB.howeverC.whicheverD.wherever74.（2011•四川卷）FrankinsistedthathewasnotasleepIhadgreatdifficultyinwakinghimup.A.whetherB.althoughC.forD.so 67.（2011•北京卷）volleyballishermainfocus,shersalsogreatatbasketballA.SinceB.OnceC.UnlessD.While76.（2011•四川卷）Asitreported,itis100yearsOinghuaUniversitywasfounded・A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.since77.（2011•全国II）Itwasanicemeal,alittleexpensive.A.thoughB.whetherC.asD.since7&（2011•陕西卷）allofthemarestrongcandidates,onlyonewillbechosenforthepost.A.SinceB.WhileC.IfD.As79.（2011•辽宁卷）Nomatterhow,itisnotnecessarilylifeless.A.adesertmaybedryB.dryadesertmaybeC.mayadesertbedryD.drymayadesertbe80.（2011•辽宁卷）Hehadnosoonerfinishedhisspeechthestudentsstartedcheering.A.sinceB.asC.whenD.than81.（2011•全国新课标卷）Tryshemight,Suecouldn"tgetthedooropen.A.讦B.whenC.sinceD.as82.（2011•浙江卷）OneFriday,wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendawaymydaughterbeardcriesforhelp・A.afterB.whileC.sinceD.when83.（2011•湖南卷）Jackwasn’tsayinganythingbuttheteachersmiledathimhehaddonesomethingverycleve匸A.asifB.incaseC・whileD.though 80.（2011•山东卷）Hehadhiscamerareadyhesawsomethingthatwouldmakeagoodpicture. 80.（2011•重庆卷）Toshowourrespect,weusuallyhavetotakeourglovesoftwearetoshakehandswith.A.whicheverB.wheneverC.whoeverD.wherever