从中西方谚语中探索中西方文化的差别 14页

精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除摘要谚语是意义完整的固定句子，是一种重要的语言形式。在不同文化的谚语中，相同的物体和行为往往被赋予不一样的含义和思想感情。本文研究的目的便是通过研究英汉谚语来探索中西方文化的差异。文章首先从谚语的构成方面比较了英汉谚语的差异，然后从中西方人们的居住环境、人文思想、道德观念、宗教信仰和风俗习惯五个方面对英汉谚语进行比较和分析，并总结出中西文化在这些方面的差异。通过本文对英汉谚语的研究和总结，我们将学习到两种谚语的不同文化内涵，更重要的是，这有助于我们更加正确地使用英汉谚语。因此，研究中西方谚语之间的文化差异具有重大的理论和现实意义。关键词：谚语；中西方文化；差异AbstractProverbisacompletesentence，anditisanimportantformoflanguage.Inthedifferentproverbsthatfromdifferentculture,thesamethingsandthesamebehaviorshowrepresentdifferentmeansanddifferentfeelings.ThepaperisaimedtoexploretheculturaldifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternproverbs.Firstly,theauthoranalysisthedifferencesfromtheiruniquecharacteristics,thensummarizesthedifferencesoflivingenvironment,humanisticidea,moralviews,religiousbeliefsandsocialcustomsbetweenChinesecultureandWesternonebycomparingandanalyzingChineseproverbsandEnglishones.Throughthestudyandsummaryofthispaperwewilllearnthedifferentculturalconnotationfromdifferentculture.What’smore,wewilluseChineseandWesternproverbsmoreeasilyandmoreaccurately.SoitisnoexaggerationtosaythatacomparisonbetweenEnglishandChineseproverbsisofgreatpracticalandtheoreticalsignificance.Keywords:Proverbs;WesternandChineseculture;differencesAcknowledgementsIwouldliketoexpressmygratitudetoallthosewhohelpedmeduringthewritingofthisthesis.Igratefullyacknowledgethehelpofmysupervisor,XiaLi,whohasofferedmevaluablesuggestionsintheacademicstudies.Withoutherencouragement,insightfulcriticismandgraciousguidance,thecompletionofthis【精品文档】第１１页 精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除thesiswouldnothavebeenpossible.IalsooweaspecialdebtofgratitudetoalltheteachersinForeignLanguagesSchool,fromwhosedevotedteachingandenlighteninglecturesIhavebenefitedalotandacademicallypreparedforthethesis.Ishouldfinallyliketoexpressmygratitudetomybelovedparentswhohavealwaysbeenhelpingmeoutofdifficultiesandsupportingwithoutawordofcomplaint.OutlineⅠ.IntroductionⅡ.TheCharacteristicsandImpactofProverbsA.TheUniqueCharacteristicsofProverbs1.FormofCharacters2.SentencePattern3.RhetoricalDevicesB.ThePositionandRoleofProverbsintheRealLifeⅢ.TheculturaldifferencesofChineseandWesternProverbsA.ProverbsofLivingEnvironmentB.ProverbsofHumanisticIdeaC.ProverbsofMoralViews1.TheAttitudeTowardsReputation2.TheViewofLove3.FilialDuty4.TheAttitudeTowardsWomanD.ProverbsofReligiousBeliefs1.GodandnoGod2.TheIdeaofEqualityandGradeE.ProverbsofCustomⅣ.Conclusion【精品文档】第１１页 精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除CulturalDifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishProverbsⅠ.IntroductionDuringtheetymology,proverbisdefinedasasettledsayingaccompaniedwiththelonghistory.InthemodernversionoftheDictionary,proverbsindicatedthesebriefly,popularandmeaningfulsentenceswhicharepopularinfolkamongtraditionalsocialofChina.Inwestern,manyEnglishdictionarieshavetheanalogousdefinitionwhichispopularshortsayingwithwordsofadviceorwarning.Therearemanyproverbsinourdailylifeandbeusedverypopularduringourdailylife.“Geniuswitandspiritofanationarediscoveredbytheirproverbs.”saidbyBacon,awell-knownBritishwriter.Everynationhasabundantproverbsintheirownnativelanguage,whichwereusingreflecttheirlifeexperience,thoughtsandfeelings.Ⅱ.TheCharacteristicsandImpactofProverbsA.TheUniqueCharacteristicsofProverbsAsaquintessenceofnativelanguage,proverbshavemanyuniquecharacteristicwhichdifferentfromotherlanguageforms.Nextwewillintroduceitscharacteristicsthroughthethreeaspectsincludecharactersform,sentencepatternstructureandrhetoricaldevice.1.FormofCharactersProverbissummarizesoflaborpracticeofthemasses,ithasaheavyflavoroflife.TheEnglishandChineseproverbshaveregularsentencepatternandshapelysyllable,itselectsthewordsisveryrefined.Proverbscanexpressluxuriantideacontentwithhighlycondensedlanguage.Ithashighlyabilityofgeneralizing,whichaimedatreflectaprofoundmoralvividly.Itdisplayedmainlyfollowthethreepoints:Firstofall,proverbsalwaysusingsmallamountofwordsandflatstructuretocompresstheabundantcontent.Thesesentences,whicharedapper,crispandfinger-popping,embodiesthelanguagefeatureofEnglishandChinesenative.Forexample:Liveandlearn（活到老，学到老）;Afterraincomessunshine（雨过天晴）.Inournativeproverbs,therearealsomanyexampleslike:物以类聚，人以群分；两人伴，三人散。【精品文档】第１１页 精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除Secondly,proverbsalsoemployellipticalsentence.Sometimes,what’sworse,itjustretainssomewordswhichneedtoemphasizeandextrudewithomittingotherwords.Wecanfindthesentencewhichwasomittedisveryrefinedandcompact,butitssemanticmeaningareextrudedanditsmoralareprofound.Forexample:Anilllife,anillend.(Whichequaltoifonelivesanilllife,hewillhaveanillend.多行不义必自毙。)Inourdailylife,wealwayssay:众心齐，泰山移。Thirdly，proverbsoftenusespokenword.Proverbisanoralcreation,whichspreadamongthecommonpeople.Theyusedabundantspokenwords,whichisinfavoroforaltransmissionandmemory.Usingthiscolloquialkindoftermmadeproverbshavelivelyrhythmandvigorouslife.Forexample:Aneyeforaneye,andatoothforatooth.(以眼还眼，以牙还牙).Wewouldsay:不怕家里穷，就怕出懒虫。2.SentencePatternBesimilartothebeautyofregularityofmusic,proverbsalsousingasymmetricstructure,whichenablethesentencestructuremoresuccinctandmaketheexpressionmorepowerful.Thissymmetricstructuremainlyincludefollowingpoints:Firstly,usingantithesisstructuretoconveysomethingincommonoronthecontraryisconvenient.Thisrhetoricaldeviceenableproverbshassuchaestheticfeaturesasformalregularity,phoneticharmony,syllabicdistinctivenessandconcisediction,whichstrengthenedthecontagiousness.Forexample:WhenthesouthwindblowsinMay,theriverwillrise;whenthesouthwindblowsinJune,thewellwilldry(五月南风涨大水，六月南风井底干).Whenthereisadrought,theeastwindwillnotbringrainalong;Whenthereisaflood,thenorthwindwillblowunderagloomysky(旱来东风不下雨，涝来北风不晴天).InourChineseproverb,wehave:兄弟协力山成玉,父子同心土变金。Anothersentencepatternwhichproverblikesusingisparallelism.Parallelismmeansarrangethreeormoresentenceswhichhavethesamesentencepatternandmoodtogether,showingemphasizeofsemanticandthepowerfulemotion.Theusingofparallelismreinforcedthevoiceofemotion.Forinstance:Noonecanbeperfectlyfreetillallarefree;Noonecanbeperfectlymoraltillallaremoral;Noonecanbe【精品文档】第１１页 精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除perfectlyhappytillallarehappy(没有人能完全自由，除非所有人都自由；没有人是完全品性端正的，除非所有人品性端正；没有人是绝对幸福的，除非所有人都幸福).Wehaveproverbslike:冰不窖不寒，木不钻不着，马不打不奔，人不激不发。Nextiscontrast,whichmeansarrangethesentenceswhichhavetherelativelymeaningtogetherinparallel.Thisusingwouldextrudethecharacteristicoftheexpressedthing.Forinstance:Knowledgemakeshumble,ignorancemakesproud(博学使人谦逊，无知使人骄傲).ToourChinese:衣是新的好，人是旧的好。Anothertwoformsthatproverbusedmorepopularareanadiplosisandregression.Anadiplosismeanslettheendoftheearlierpartofthesentenceasbeginofthenextsentence.Regressionmeansrepeattheendoftheearlierpartofthesentenceasbeginofthenextsentence,thenusebeginoftheearlierpartofthesentenceastheendofthenextsentence.Thesetwostructuresreinforcedtherhythmoftemperament.Forinstance:Followloveanditwillflee,fleeloveanditwillfollowthee(追求爱情，它高飞，逃避爱情，它会跟你。此句为顶真用法).Livenottoeat,buteattolive(活着不是为了吃饭，吃饭是为了活着。此句为回环用法).Similarly,inourproverbs,like:耳闻不如眼见，眼见不如实践（顶真）；来者不惧，惧者不来（回环).3.RhetoricalDevicesActually,mostofproverbsusedrhetoricaldevice,likewehaveknownantithesis,parallelismandcontrast.Nowwemainlytalkabouttworhetorical,theyaremetaphorandexaggeration.Amongthemetaphoritincludessimileandmetaphor.Wewilldiscusseachofthesedevicesinthefollowingsections.Generallyspeaking,metaphorwasconstitutedthreeelements,includingsubject,referenceandindicatorofresemblance.Amongthelanguage,metaphoristhemostexpressivedevice.Similemeanshandlethetwoobjectswhichhavethesamefeaturestocontrast,makingcleartherelationbetweensubjectandreference.Usingsimileenableannouncetheobject’sessencevividlyandclarifytheprinciplewhichwewanttoexpresswithameaningfulway.Suchas:Livingwithoutanaimlikesailingwithouta【精品文档】第１１页 精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除compass(生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针，其中livingwithoutanaim是本体，sailingwithoutacompass是喻体，like是喻词).ForourChinese,光阴似箭(其中光阴也就是时间是subject，箭是reference，似为indicatorofresemblance).Metaphorisacompressedsimile,ituseoneobject’snameasanotherobject’snamedirectly.Soitseemedmuchliver,andillustratedthepointmoreprofoundly.Thisenhancedtheexpressiveforceofproverbs.Slatheringmetaphormadeproverbsmoresuccinct,aproposandmoreconnotations.Italsoenablearousepeople’simagination,usingfamiliarobjectsreplaceunfamiliarobjects.Makingtheproverbappearedmoreclearandeasytounderstand.Suchas:Speechissilver,silenceisgolden.(雄辩是银，沉默是金。其中speech,silence是本体，silver,golden是喻体，is是喻词)AboutourChineseproverbs,like:爱情是美德的试金石（其中，爱情是subject，试金石是reference，是为indicatorofresemblance）。Exaggerationisonefrequently-usedrhetoricaldevice.Itovershootsthemarkdeliberately.Thisdeviceexaggeratesorshrinkstheimageofobjects,inordertoextrudesomecharacteristicormoral.Usingthisdeviceenableexaggerateatmosphere,tomakeastrongimpressionforpeople.Forinstance:Agrowingyouthhasawolfinhisbelly.(青年成长时，食量大如狼，夸张的手法，形容年轻人食量惊人).InourChinese,therearemanyproverbswhichusingexaggeration,like:四两拨千斤。B.ThePositionandRoleofProverbsintheRealLifeProverbsarelanguagetreasureforthemasses.Throughouthistory,proverbscanbereservedindicatedthattheywereinfavorbythemasses.Sowecanincludethatourdailylifeisunabletoleavethem.Theyhavebecomeanindispensablepartofourcommunication,whichoccupytheimportantpositioninthereallife.Ontheotherhand,proverbisoneofliteraryformwhichispopularinfolkamongtraditionalsocial.Themainfunctionofproverbisenrichedourdailyconversationform.Itenableduscommunicatemoreunimpededandmoreinteresting.Datingbacktoancienttimes,asamaincommunicationlanguage,proverbbenefitedmanypeople.Mostproverbsarelivingexperiencesandlifereasonssummarizedbythemasses【精品文档】第１１页 精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除throughalongtimefromtheirownlivingexperienceandmanyflunk.Justlikeaproverbsaying:Experienceisthemotherofwisdom(经验乃智慧之母).Consequently,asChinesedescendant,wemustprotectthispreciouswealthwhichourforefatherslefttous.Inourdailycommunication,weshouldusetheseproverbsasmuchaspossible;what’smore,weshouldusingaccurate.Ⅲ.TheCulturalDifferencesofChineseandWesternProverbsTheformationofthelanguagewasinfluencedbymanyaspects,whichincludegeography,history,religiousbeliefandlivinghabits.Proverbisthecreamoflanguage,whichcarriestheculturalfeaturesandcultureinformation.Proverbandtheculturetraditionareinseparable.Thedifferenceoflanguagewasdecidedbynationalculture.Thenationalfeatureswasreflectedfromproverbwouldembodythenationalculture.ConsequentlywecanfindthedifferencebetweenWesternandChineseculturebycomparativeanalysistheirproverbs.ThispaperwilldiscussfourdifferencesbetweenWesternandChineseproverbs,whichincludelivingenvironment,humanisticidea,moralviewsandreligiousbelief.A.ProverbsofLivingEnvironmentLanguagecomesfromproductivelabor.Proverbsareessencesummarizedfromlivinglifeandproductivelabor.Britishisanislandcountry,themarinetransportandtradewereverydeveloped.Soitslanguagewereinfluencedtoalargeextentbythisenvironment,mostproverbswereconnectedwithseaandsailing.Forexample,totakethewindoutofone’ssail(先发制人，强占上风);Togowiththestream(随波逐流、顺应时势);Allriversrunintosea(海纳百川).TheuniquegeographicalenvironmentmadethefishingindustryveryprosperousinBritish.Therearemanyproverbsaboutfishing,suchas,hookone’sfish(如愿以偿，用诡计得到想要的东西);Haveotherfishtofry(有其它事要做).Onthecontrary,Chinaisaninlandagriculturalcountry.Wehavevastland,landistheoriginofotherentities.Homologousthereweremanyproverbconnectedwithrivers,landandagriculture.Forinstance,一匹马扬不起尘土，一个人成不了英雄；萝卜白菜，各有所爱；王婆卖瓜，自卖自夸；滴水之恩，涌泉相报等。Thoughanexample,wewouldfindaninterestingphenomenon,whenwedescribesomeoneis【精品文档】第１１页 精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除extravagant,theEnglishproverbwouldsay:spendmoneylikewater;however,inourChineseproverb,wewouldsay:挥金如土。Itfollowsthatthedifferenceenvironmentwouldproducemanydifferentproverbs.B.ProverbsofHumanisticIdeaHumanismpaysattentiontoexpressindividualbrilliance.Butfortheviewaboutpeopleisdifferent,sothedevelopmentofhumanismwasdifferentbetweenWesternandChinese.Thesedifferenceswouldreflectinproverbsnaturally.Datingbacktorenaissance,humanismemphasizedtheindividualvalueandthesignificanceofpeople’sexisting.Thenthesocietyadvocatedfreedomanddevelopedhumanity.Thisreflectedinproverbssuchas:Mandoeswhathecan,andGodwhathewant(人做他能做的，上帝做他愿做的).Andsomeotherproverbsclearlyhighlightedthecorestatusofhuman.Forexample,manisthesouloftheuniverse(人是宇宙的灵魂);Manisthemeasureofallthings(人是衡量万物的标准).Ontheotherhand,somevoluntarismhumanismpersonconsideredthatthenatureofmentalitywastheonlyexistenceduringourlife.Nietzscheconsideredthatwillistherootofallthingsonearth.Therearemanyproverbswhichaboutattachedimportancetooneself.Forinstance,everymanisnearesthimself(每个人都最亲近自己);Everymanlikeshisownthingsbest(每个人都最喜欢他自己的东西);Everymanthinkshisowngeeseswans(每个人都把自己的鹅想象为天鹅);Everyonefastenswherethereisgain(每个人都盯住利之所在).DifferentwithWesternhistory,ourcountrydidnotexperiencetheperiodwhichtheologyoccupiedthedominantposition.Datingbacktoancienttimes,ourthoughtwasoccupiedbyConfucianism,whichwasaknowledgeresearchedhuman.Therearemanyproverbswhichpayattentiontopeople,suchas:四海之内皆兄弟也；己所不欲，勿施于人。Confucianismconsideredthatindividualisjustachesspieceinthebigsocietychessboard.Inordertoprotecttheinterestofthewhole,itwasindispensabletosacrificetheinterestofindividual.ThiswastotallydifferentwithWesternviewpoint.InChineseproverbs,therearemanytoreflectputothersbeforeoneselfandbekindtoothers.Suchas:严于律己，宽以待人；宁可人负我，切莫我负人；把困难留给自己，把方便留给他人等。Andthereareotherproverbsstressed【精品文档】第１１页 精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除theimportanceofcollective.Forexample：一人不成阵，独木不成林；众人拾柴火焰高；孤雁难飞，孤掌难鸣；一花独放不是春等。C.ProverbsofMoralViewsMoralviewsmeanthecognitionandviewofpeopleaboutitself,othersandthewholeworld.Thisincludemanyaspects,wewilldiscussfromthefollowingseveralaspects.1.TheAttitudeTowardsReputationInWestern,thetraditionalmoralviewsconsideredthatreputationwasveryimportant,asaperson,weshouldpayattentiontoourbehavior.Itisnotimportantwhatotherpeople’sevaluate,solongasoneselfnotdamagesocietyandotherpeople,notviolatethelaw.SoinWesternproverbswewouldfindthatit’snormalwhenrefertorumor.Forexample,wemayknowtheproverbwhichsays:Sticksandstonesmaybreakmybones,butwordswillneverhurtme(棍棒石头可能会打断我的骨头，但言语绝不会伤害到我).Incontrastwiththis,inourproverb,itis:棍棒伤皮肉，恶语伤人心.Wecouldfinditisverydifferentbetweenourtwocountriesinourcountry,influencedbythetraditionalconcept;everyoneputsthefameatanimportantstation.Ontheotherhand,thereputationalwaysbeconnectedwithmorality.Onewillhaveagoodfameifhewasavirtuousman,usuallythenhewouldgainrespect.Butthisisnotabsolute;sometimesthesevirtuouspeoplewouldloseface.Relatedtothiswehavemanyproverbstoo,suchas:人有脸，树有皮，没脸没皮没出息；死要面子活受罪等。Becauseofcareaboutface,mostChinesescaretherumorwhichisnotgoodforhim.ManyproverbsexpressedthatChinesefeartherumor.Forinstance:谣言可以杀人；防人之口甚于防川；人言可畏；杀人不见血等。ThisshowsthatthecultureisdifferentbetweenWesternandChineseaboutreputation.Livingindifferentplace,weshouldknowthemannersandcustoms.2.TheViewofLoveThedistinctresultofcontrastbetweenWesterncapitalismandChinesefeudalismaboutmoralistheviewoflove.DuringtheChinesefeudalismsociety,thetraditionfeudalethicalcodeconstrainedthefreedomofloveseriously.Themarriage【精品文档】第１１页 精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除wasdeterminedbyparents.Someproverbsreflectedthissocietyatmosphere.Suchas:父母之命，媒妁之言；嫁鸡随鸡，嫁狗随狗；娶到的媳妇买到的马，由人骑来由人打等。However,intheWesternsociety,earlierintherenaissance,thepeoplebegantopursuefreedomandtheemancipationofhumanity.Thecapitalismsocietyevenadvocatedfreelove.TherearemanyproverbsthateulogizeloveandcommentloveinEnglish.Suchas:Loveisfree(爱情是自由的);Truelovenevergrowsold(真正的爱情永不过时);Loveisthetouchstoneofvirtue(爱情是美德的点金石).3.FilialDutyThedutyoffilialreferstofilialtoourparents.Asoffspring,weshouldtreatourparentswithfilialrespect.Weshouldobeyourparents,lookafterthemwhentheyneed,respectourparentsandinherittheburningincense.TherearemanyproverbsaboutfilialinourChinesehistory.Suchas:父母在，不远游；千里烧香，不如在家敬爹娘；不孝有三，无后为大；父母教，须敬听，父母责，须顺承等等。ConcerningWesterncapitalismmoral,italsoemphasizedthatchildrenshouldtreatparentswithfilialrespect,butitdidnotstressthatchildrenmustalwaysfollowparents’advice.Childrenhavetheirownlifeandcharacter.Parentsshouldnotinterferemoreabouttheirdailylife.SotherearesomedifferentproverbsoppositeChineseproverbs,suchas:Childrensuckmotherwhentheyareyoung,andfatherwhentheyareold(孩子小时候吃母亲的奶，老了享受父亲的财，与中国的“养儿防老”相反);Childrenarenottobeblamedforthefaultsoftheirparents(不能因为父母的过错使孩子受到责备);Childrenwhentheyarelittlemakeparentsfools,whentheyaregreatmakeparentsmad(孩子小时候使父母变傻，长大了把父母逼疯).4.TheAttitudeTowardsWomanIntheChinesefeudalismsociety,thewomansubjectedtomuchoppress.Duringthattime,thewomanshouldlistentotheirfatherathome,submittotheirhusbandaftermarried,andcomplywiththeirsoniftheirhusbanddied.Theirstatuswaslow,forexampletheycouldnotaccepteducationliketheman,andtheycouldnotattendsocialintercourse.What’sworse,inourfeudalismsociety,thewomanshouldproceedfoot-binding,whichwasveryharmfultohealth.Afterthewoman【精品文档】第１１页 精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除marriedwiththeman,theyshouldobeywifelysubmissionandvirtue.Theymusttreattheirhusbandwithloyalandsteadfast.Theywouldnotmarryagaineventheirhusbanddied.Sowesayitisnotfairforthefeudalismwoman.ManyproverbswereproducedBasedonthisbackground,suchas:女子无才便是德，一女不吃两家茶；好马不吃回头草，好女不嫁二夫君；嫁鸡随鸡，嫁狗随狗；忠臣不事二主，贞女不事二夫；嫁出去的女儿泼出去的水等等。ItwastotallydifferentintheWesterncapitalismsociety.Althoughthemanheldtherulestatus,thewoman’sstatuswasnotlowlikeChinese.TheyweremuchfreerthanChinesewoman.Therewereevensomeproverbsexpressedthatthewomanwasimportanttotheirhusband.Theycouldbringfortunetothefamily.Lookingthesefollowingexamples:Hethatwouldthrive,mustaskhiswife(谁想发迹，就请教妻子);Hewhodoesnothonorhiswife,dishonorhimself(不尊重妻子的人就是不尊重自己);Agoodwifeisagoodprize(好妻子就是好的奖赏).Avirtuouswomanisacrowntoherhusband(贤德的妻子是丈夫的冠冕).D.ProverbsofReligiousBeliefsReligiousbeliefsareoneofthemostimportantaspectsofourspirituallife.Religiousbeliefshaveagreatinfluenceonnationalculture.ThiswouldhelpusclearlyunderstandthetwonationallanguageculturewhichthroughresearchingthereligiousbeliefsreflectedfromWesternandChineseproverbs.Identically,wewilljusttalkaboutthefollowingtwoaspectssimply.1.GodandnoGodDatingbacktoourancienthistory,therewerethreedenominationswhichincludeConfucianism,BuddhismandTaoism.Fromthestrictsense,theyhavenotgod.Reflectedinproverbswaslikethat:不看僧面看佛面；天命不可违；万事都由命，半点不由人；人争一口气，佛争一炷香；福无双至，祸不单行等。Inwestern,peoplemainlybeliefsChristianity.ChristianityadmittedthattherejustoneGod.ChristiansconsiderthatGodistheentireworld.Godisthefounderofhumanity.Goddominatesthehumanity.ThemanmustsubmittoGod.Godknowseverythingandheisomnipotent.Lookingthesefollowingexamples:Heavenisaboveall(上帝高于一切);Godiswherehewas(上帝无处不在);TruthisthedaughterofGod(真理是上帝的女儿);ThetreethatGodplantsnowindhurts【精品文档】第１１页 精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除it(上帝种的树，风吹不倒).Whilethepriestclimbsapost,thedevilclimbsten(道高一尺，魔高一丈).Heavenneverhelpsthemanwhowillnotact(自己不动，叫天何用).2.TheIdeaofEqualityandGradeInourChinesedenominations,therewasnothesovereigndeity.Andindividualcanacteverykindofdeity.However,itwasleveledbetweeninterpersonalrelationships.TheemperorofChinesefeudalismsocietycalledheisaSonofheaven.Therestofpeopleshouldlistentohim.Everyonehashisownstatus,hecouldnotgetoffside.Let’slooksomeexamples:小鬼斗不过阎王，胳膊扭不过大腿；官大一级压死人，宰相家人七品官；普天之下莫非王土。Oneinterestingphenomenonisthatthesocietywasleveledwherethepeoplecouldactanydeity;thesocietyadmittedthattheGodistheonlydeitywherethehumanityareequal.WecanlooksomeWesternproverbsasthefollowing:Jackisasgoodashismaster(杰克和他的主人一样好);Sixfeetofearthmakeallmenequal(六英尺长的土地使所有人一律平等);Everyoneisamasterandservant(每个人既是主人也是仆人);Everymanisakinginhisownhome(每个人都是家里的皇帝).E.ProverbsofCustomBetweentheWesternandChineseculture,thebigdifferenceofcustomwasreflectedintheattitudeofdog.Inwestcountries,dogishuman’sfriendandcompany.Ithasthesamestatusofpeople.Sotherearemanycommendatoryproverbsaboutdog,suchas:Iftheolddogbarks,hegivethecounsel(老狗叫，是忠告).Heisaluckydog(他是个幸运儿);Everydoghashisday(凡人皆有得意日).HoweverinourChinese,dogisaderogatoryterm.Dogislowlinessandhumbleanimal.Someproverbsaboutdoglike:好狗不咬鸡，好汉不打妻；好狗不挡道；狗咬穿烂的，人舔穿好的。TherearestillmanydifferentaspectsaboutproverbsbetweentheWesternandChinese.Ijusttalkaboutsomeofthem.Asanexample,throughtheseproverbswecouldfindmuchdifferenceabouttheWesternandChineseculture.Thenwecouldlearnmoreaboutthetwodifferentcountry’shistory.What’smore,throughthestudyingwelearnedmanydifferentkindsofproverbs.Inourdailycommunication,wecanusetheseproverbs;theywillbringusforfortuneandinteresting.However【精品文档】第１１页 精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除whenweuseproverbs,weshoulddistinguishdifferentsituation.Asdescendants,weshouldtakefulladvantageoftheseproverbswhichourforefatherleftforus.Weshouldinherittheseproverbsanddevelopthem.Ⅲ.ConclusionCultureandlanguageareindispensabletoeachother.Languagereflectsculture,andiscontrolledbyculture.Itiswellknownthatproverbsarenotonlytheproductsofthesociety, economyand culture,but theresult of excellence in a nation.Throughtheanalysisofthecross-culturalcomparisonofEnglishandChineseproverbs, conducetounderstandtheculturaldepositsoflanguage,therebyemboldeningcomprehendofEnglishandChineseaswellastheculture,enhancinglanguageappliedability.FromthecomparativeanalysisbetweentheWesternandChineseproverbs,wecandrawaconclusion:differentlanguagewouldreflectdifferentculturephenomenon.FortheWesternandChineseproverbsarerootedindifferentlanguagesanddifferentcultures,thereforethephysic-geographicalenvironment,religiousbeliefsandcustomreflectedbythemaredifferent.Asaconsequence,wemustlearntheculturalconnotationandnationalfeaturesreflectedbyproverbsbeforewelearnproverbsorimparttheknowledgeofproverbs.Otherwisewewillencountercountlessproblemswhenwegetintheprocessofcross-culturalcommunication.Throughunderstandingwhattheproverbsmean,wewillusetheproverbswellduringourdailycommunication.BibliographyXiaoFen.AComparativeStudyofDifferencesandSimilaritiesbetweenEnglishandChineseIdioms.Cross-culturalCommunication,2007,Vol.3,No.2,54-56.陈璞、周茜、王欣、唐新秀，《简明英汉-汉英谚语词典》，北京：中国书籍出版社，2002。黄晓萍、邹六梅，“英汉谚语之文化对比”，《新疆石油教育学院学报》，2010年第2期31-33页。李少芹，“英汉谚语语言特色的共性”，《江西电力职业技术学院学报》，2006年第3期17-21页。刘知国、肖媛媛，“通过英汉谚语看中西文化的异同”，《安徽商贸职业技术学院学报》，2013年第7期22-23页。王书亭、王建敏，TheMostPopularEnglishProverbs，济南：石油大学出版社，2008。【精品文档】第１１页 精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除张可，“英汉谚语差异的文化根源研究”，《时代报告》，2011年第12期50-51页。张良，“英汉谚语表象特征的相似性”，《牡丹江大学学报》，2008年第7期79-80页。张晓玲，“英汉谚语的跨文化对比分析”，《郑州大学学报》，2005年第5期146-147页。赵庆，“比较英汉谚语看中西文化异同”，《民营科技》，2009年第8期1页。赵子惠，“浅析英汉谚语的文化特色及翻译”，《黑河学刊》，2011年第11期41-42页。【精品文档】第１１页