江苏高考英语复习专题01 五种基本句型+常用谚语-2020年高考英语写作新题型备考技巧.docx 16页

2020年高考英语写作新题型备考技巧备考技巧1专题一5种基本句型打好写作基础5种基本句型复习确保句子写对、结构完整是写作中最基本的要求。所以，要想完成写作这栋高楼大厦，就一定先要把地基打好，即掌握好基本句式。否则再漂亮洋气的作文也只能是空谈。英语语言中，最基本的句型只有五种，其它各种复杂的从句、句式也都是从它们演变而来。一.主语+谓语(不及物动词)此句型中，主语只需要一个实意动词就可以表达出完整的动作和意思。这类动词为不及物动词，后面可以接副词、介词短语、状语从句等结构。1.The13thNationalGameswilltakeplaceinTianjinattheendofAugust.(2017天津高考书面表达)2.Asisindicatedinthegraph,thebox-officeincomeofChinesefilmsincreasedfrom2012to2015.(2017年江苏高考书面表达)3.Therefore,thisnewkindofshoeshascomeintobeingrecently.(2014湖南高考书面表达)二.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语该句型的动词为实意动词，是由主语发出的动作，但是不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语，才能表达完整的意思。有时可以由不及物动词加介词构成及物动词完成。宾语即为动作的承受者，可以有名词、代词、动名词、不定式等来充当。1.NewmemberswillreceiveextraguidanceonSundaymorningsfrom3:30p.m.to11:00a.m...(2017全国卷书面表达)2.Wedebatedoverwhattoputintothevideo.(2017北京高考书面表达)3.Hopelessnessandguiltquicklyfloodedhermind.(2016浙江高考书面表达)4.ItofferedteenagerslikeyouandmeachancetoenjoysportsandlearnaboutChineseculture. (2015北京高考书面表达)一.主语+系动词+表语该句型主要是说明主语的身份、状态、特征，谓语动词是系统词，后面接的表语可以为形容词、名词、介词短语、不定式、分词、从句等。1.Wemayfeelateaseinourschooluniformseveryday.(2019年浙江高考书面表达)2.Thesituationmaynotbethatbad.(2016年浙江高考书面表达)3.It’sgreattohearfromyou!IfeelproudofknowingyourinterestinChinesehistory.(2016北京高考书面表达)4.The“ForeignCultures”sectioninournewspaperisverypopularamongusstudents.(2015全国卷书面表达)二.主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语此句型中的谓语动词需要跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。间接宾语通常是人，直接宾语通常是物。间接宾语可以放在直接宾语的前面；直接宾语也可以借助to或for等介词放在间接宾语前面。1.Igavethemavividandinformativeintroductionofteaculture.(2018北京高考书面表达)2.Thepurposeofmywritingistotellyouthattherewillbeanoutingforusthesedays.(2017浙江高考书面表达)3.Iwishyousuccessinyourapplication.(2017年全国卷书面表达)4.First,heshowedusbasicstepsandskillsofmakingdoughfigurines.(2015北京高考书面表达)三.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语该句型虽然用了及物动词加宾语，但是还是不能表达完整的意思，需要加一个补充成分来说明宾语的情况，才能使意思完整。宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、不定式、分词等。1.Therefore,Iwouldlikeyoutojoinourschool’stabletennisteam.(2017全国三卷书面表达)2.IthinkitgreatfuntolearnthepoemswrittenintheTangDynasty.(2017全国一卷书面表达)3.Asahighschoolstudent,IconsiderEnglishaveryimportantsubject. 备考技巧2提升训练一．根据要求完成句子。1.在我看来，一个没有朋友的人永远不会幸福。（主系表）Inmyopinion,______________________________________________.2.我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题。（主谓宾）Wehaven’tdecided__________________________________________.3.每天早上我们都能听到他大声朗读英语。（主谓宾宾补）Everymorning,we___________________________________________.4.奶奶昨晚给我讲了一个很有趣的故事。（主谓间宾直宾）Mygranny________________________________________lastnight.5.早睡早起是一个好习惯。（主系表）_____________________________________________isagoodhabit.6.中国传统服装会让这个场合对英国客人来说非常中国化和有魅力（主谓宾宾补）ThetraditionalChineseclotheswill___________________________________________totheBritishguests.7.最近10年，我的家乡发生巨大变化。（主谓）___________________________________________inmyhometowninthepastdecade.8.这些照片使我想起了我的童年。（主谓宾宾补）Thesepictures___________________________________mychildhood. 1.唐诗是我们下堂课要学的，预计六月二十号在学校图书馆。（主系表）____________________________________________________________,scheduledonJuly20intheschoollibrary.2.我现在正在申请一家外资公司的兼职工作。（主谓宾）______________________________________________inanoverseas-fundedcorporation.3.现在，我代表我的同学们，祝你安全返回。（主谓间宾直宾）______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.你的投稿肯定会使这次活动取得巨大成功。（主谓宾宾补）______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.我们学校的乒乓球队现在正在招收新队员。（主谓宾）______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.这个展览的主题是环保。（主系表）_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.车突然在他面前停下来了。（主谓）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】1.apersonwithoutfriendscanneverbehappy 1.whentodiscusstheprogramagain2.hearhimreadEnglish3.toldmeaveryamusingstory4.Goingtobedearlyandrisingearly5.maketheoccasionveryChineseandinviting6.Greatchangeshavetakenplace7.mademethinkof8.TangPoetryiswhatwearegoingtolearnnextclass9.Iamapplyingforapart-timejob10.Now,onbehalfofmyschoolmates,Iwishyouasafereturn.11.Yourcontributionwillcertainlymaketheeventahugesuccess.12.TheStudentTableTennisTeamofourschoolisrecruiting/lookingfornewplayersnow.13.Thethemeoftheshowisenvironmentalprotection.14.Thecarabruptlystoppedinfrontofhim.一．翻译下列句子，并写出所属的基本句式。1.我是一名美国学生，名叫汤姆。______________________________________________________________2.上周我和家人去了北京，参观了许多名胜古迹。______________________________________________________________3.在参观期间，我在北京大饭店（BeijingGrandHotel）住了五天。______________________________________________________________4.这个旅馆给我们提供了很好的服务。 ______________________________________________________________1.他们总是将房间保持得很整洁。_______________________________________________________________2.外国游客住在那里很方便。_______________________________________________________________【答案】1．IamanAmericanstudent,Jim.（主系表）2．LastweekIwenttoBeijingandvisitedmanyplacesofinterestwithmyfamily.（主谓宾）3．Duringmyvisit,IstayedattheBeijingGrandHotelforfivedays.（主谓）4．Thehotelofferedusgoodservice.（主谓宾间宾直宾）5．Theyalwayskeeptheroomscleanandtidy.（主谓宾宾补）6．Itisveryconvenientforforeignvisitorstostayhere.（主系表）一．将上题的1到6句合并成一篇短文，可以适当增加细节。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】IamanAmericanstudentwhosenameisJim.LastweekIwenttoBeijingandvisitedmanyplacesofinterestwithmyfamily.Duringmyvisit,IstayedattheBeijingGrandHotelforfivedays,whichofferedusgoodservice.Andtheyalwayskeeptheroomscleanandtidy.Itisveryconvenientforforeignvisitorstostayhere,witheverythingtherelabeledinbothEnglishandChinese.Iwasdeeplytouchedbythat.备考技巧3常用谚语翻译1）教育学习类：1.知识就是力量。_______________________________________________________________2.玉不琢不成器。_______________________________________________________________3.学无坦途。_______________________________________________________________ 4.天才不过是勤奋而已。_______________________________________________________________5.问得多，学得多。_______________________________________________________________6.温故而知新。_______________________________________________________________7.活到老学到老。_______________________________________________________________8.一知半解是危险的事。_______________________________________________________________2）工作与生活类1.只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。_______________________________________________________________2.良药苦口利于病。_______________________________________________________________3.人生并非康庄大道。_______________________________________________________________4.入乡随俗。_______________________________________________________________5.量体裁衣；量入为出。_______________________________________________________________6.五十步笑百步。 _______________________________________________________________7.谎言站不住。_______________________________________________________________8.做人诚信为本。_______________________________________________________________3）友情类1.患难之交真朋友。_______________________________________________________________2.老朋友是最好的镜子。_______________________________________________________________3.世上没有十全十美的朋友。_______________________________________________________________4.朋友易失不易得。_______________________________________________________________5.滥交朋友者无朋友。_______________________________________________________________6.益友难得。_______________________________________________________________4）理想与现实类1.世上无难事，只怕有心人。_______________________________________________________________2.下决心成功的人已成功了一半。 _______________________________________________________________3.伟大的理想造就伟大的人物。_______________________________________________________________4.除非亲自尝试，否则你永远不知道你能够做什么_______________________________________________________________5.人生应该树立目标，否则你的精力会白白浪费。_______________________________________________________________6.有志者事竟成。_______________________________________________________________7.不劳则无获。_______________________________________________________________5）毅力与人生类1.吃一堑长一智。_______________________________________________________________2.逆境出人才。_______________________________________________________________3.千里之行始于足下_______________________________________________________________4.凡事不可半途而废。_______________________________________________________________5.逆水行舟，不进则退。_______________________________________________________________ 6.否极泰来。_______________________________________________________________7.欲速则不达。_______________________________________________________________8.条条大道通罗马。_______________________________________________________________9.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。_______________________________________________________________10.滴水石穿。_______________________________________________________________6）成功类1.良好的开端是成功的一半。_______________________________________________________________2．失败乃成功之母。_______________________________________________________________3.万事开头难。_______________________________________________________________7）时间类1.岁月不饶人。_______________________________________________________________2.时光一去不复返。_______________________________________________________________ 3.一寸光阴一寸金。_______________________________________________________________8）关于合作的谚语1.独木不成林。_______________________________________________________________2.同甘共苦。_______________________________________________________________3.三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。_______________________________________________________________4.人心齐，泰山移。_______________________________________________________________9）帮助类1.我为人人，人人为我。_______________________________________________________________2.爱是退工世界前进的力量。_______________________________________________________________3.使他人幸福的人才会真正幸福。_______________________________________________________________10）健康类1.生命在于运动。_______________________________________________________________2.健康是最大的财富。 _______________________________________________________________3.一天一个苹果，不要求医问药。_______________________________________________________________【答案】1）1.Knowledgeispower.2.Unpolishedpearlsnevershine.3.Thereisnoroyalroadtolearning.4.Geniusisnothingbutlaboranddiligence.5.Hewhoinquiresmuchlearnsmuch.6.Lookfortheoldsoastolearnthenew.7.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.8.Alittlelearningisdangerous.2）1.AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.2.Goodmedicineforhealthtastesbittertothemouth.3.Lifeisnotallroses.4.DoinRomeasRomansdo.5.Cutyourcoataccordingtoyourcloth.6.Thepotcallsthekettleblack.7.Lieshaveshortlegs.8.Honestyisthebestpolicy.3）1.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.2.Thebestmirrorisanoldfriend. 3.Afriendwithoutfaultswillneverbefound.4.Afriendiseasierlostthanfound.5.Afriendtoallisafriendtonone.6.Afaithfulfriendishardtofind.4）1.Nothingintheworldisdifficultforonewhosetshismindtoit.2.Hewhowillssuccessishalfwaytoit.3.Greathopesmakegreatman.4.Youneverknowwhatyoucandotillyoutry.5.Haveanaiminlife,oryourenergieswillallbewasted.6.Wherethereisawillthereisaway.7.Nopains,nogains.5）1.Afallintoapit,againinyourwit.2.Adversitymakesamanwise,notrich.3.Littlebylittleonegoesfar.4.Donothingbyhalves.5.Hewhodoesnotadvancelosesground.6.Thingsattheworstwillmend.7.Morehaste,lessspeed.8.AllroadsleadtoRome.9.Helaughsbestwholaughslast.10.Constantdrippingwearsawayastone.6）1.Agoodbeginningishalfdone. 2.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.3.Everybeginningisdifficult.7）1.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.2.Losttimeisneverfoundagain.3.Aseverythreadofgoldisvaluable,soiseverymomentoftime.8）1.Onetreecan’tmakeaforest.2.Forbetterforworse.3.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.4.Bothtogetherdobestofall.9）1.Allforoneandoneforall.2.Itislovethatmakestheworldgoaround.3.Heistrulyhappywhomakesothershappy.10）1.lifeliesinthemovement.2.Goodhealthisoverwealth.3.Anappleadaykeepsadoctoraway.